alternative form of -oc

alternative form of -od

alternative form of -odon

alternative form of -ode

/ɑn/

used to form the infinitive of most strong, class 1 weak, and preterite-present verbs (exceptions are verbs like flēon (“to flee”))

Forms adverbs with ablative direction.

Forms the accusative, genitive, and dative singular and nominative and accusative plural of n-stem nouns

alternative form of -on (strong plural past indicative suffix)

alternative form of -um

alternative form of -ena

alternative form of -ende

alternative form of -enne

/ˈɑn.ne/

alternative form of -enne

/ɑs/

Plural ending of nominative and accusative cases, originally of a-stem masculine nouns, later extended to other nouns.

alternative form of -ast; marks the second person singular present indicative of class II weak verbs

/ɑst/

Used to form the second person singular present indicative of class II weak verbs

alternative form of -ost

alternative form of -aþ

/ɑθ/

Third person singular present indicative ending of class 2 weak verbs.

alternative form of -oþ

alternative form of -bǣre

/ˈbleː.de/

-blooded

/bo.rɑ/

bearer

/ˈbæː.re/

/kɑ/

Creates masculine concrete nouns (including proper nouns) from adjectives, verbs, or other nouns, usually typifying a condition or state, or characterising a diminutive aspect.

/t͡ʃen/

suffix forming diminutives from nouns, often displaying i-mutation

/ˈki.ɑn/

suffix applied to verbs and deverbal nouns to form other verbs with an intensive or frequentative force

/kræft/

/kund/

suffix denoting origin, derivation, or likeness

alternative form of -cund

/de/

used to form the first and third person singular preterite indicative of some class I and class III weak verbs

/doːm/

used to derive abstract nouns: -dom

/e/

forming adverbs from adjectives; -ly

forms adjectives from nouns, often with the meaning "having" (typically causes i-umlaut)

Used to form the first person singular present indicative of strong verbs and class I weak verbs

Marks the dative singular of a-stem and ō-stem nouns

Marks the accusative and genitive and the nominative and accusative plural of ō-stem feminine nouns

Second person plural imperative ending of strong verbs, class 1 weak verbs, and class 3 weak verbs.

alternative form of -īeġe

/ˈej.je/, [ˈed.d͡ʒe]

alternative form of -iċġe

/ed/

Used to form the past participle of class I weak verbs

alternative form of -od

/e.de/

suffix applied to nouns meaning "having", "possessing", "provided with" or "equipped with"

Used to form the first and third person singular preterite indicative of most class I weak verbs

/ed.est/

Used to form the second person singular preterite indicative of class I weak verbs

/e.don/

Used to form the plural preterite indicative of class I weak verbs

alternative form of -iġ

alternative form of -īeġe

alternative form of -gian

/ext/, [eçt]

alternative form of -iht

/el/

alternative form of -ol

agent and instrumental suffix creating nouns from verbs

/eld/, [eɫd]

suffix forming nouns denoting process or action from verbs

alternative form of -else

/els/, [eɫs]

suffix creating nouns from verbs

/el.se/, [eɫ.ze]

suffix creating nouns from verbs

alternative form of -eld

alternative form of -uma

/en/

used to create diminutive neuter nouns

used to create feminine nouns from other nouns

adjectival suffix meaning "material made of, consisting of”, also sometimes “characteristic of”.

past participle ending of strong verbs

meaning belonging to or characterised by

forms nouns from class 1 weak verbs

/e.nɑ/

forms the genitive plural of n-stem masculine, n-stem feminine, and some ō-stem feminine nouns

forms the weak genitive plural of adjectives

/end/

suffix denoting the agent of an action; -er

/en.de/

equivalent of English -ing; suffix for present participles

used to form neuter nouns

alternative form of -anne

/end.liːt͡ʃ/

forming adjectives from verbs with the sense of "able to, capable of"; -able

/e.ne/

alternative form of -enne

alternative form of -unga

/ˈen.ne/

Forms the inflected infinitive of verbs.

/er/

alternative form of -or

/e.re/

masculine agent suffix, originally applied only to nouns

/e.ri.ɑn/

A frequentative suffix used to form verbs

/ern/, [erˠn]

Suffix meaning "a place".

Suffix meaning "toward a place"; alternative form of -erne

/er.ne/, [erˠ.ne]

Adjective suffix occurring in names for directions

/es/

Alternative form of -est; marks the second person singular of class I weak verbs

alternative form of -sn

/est/

suffix forming feminine nouns, originally from verbs

alternative form of -ost (“used to form superlative adjectives and adverbs”)

Forms the second-person singular of class I weak verbs

/es.tre/

female agent suffix, especially denoting one who is skilled in a particular occupation or craft

/et/

suffix forming nouns from verbs, adjectives, and other nouns (sometimes causing i-mutation), originally as the action of verbs ending in -ettan (“-ise”) (compare English -ism)

alternative form of -ettan

/et.tɑn/

/eθ/

Third person singular present indicative ending of class 1 weak verbs

alternative form of -feald

/fæ͜ɑld/, [fæ͜ɑɫd]

suffix denoting multiplication, or consisting of so many parts; -fold

alternative form of -feald

/ˈfeː.te/

-footed

/ˈfleː.re/

having a certain number of floors: -story, -stories

alternative form of -fēte

/ful/

full of; -ful

/full/, [fuɫ]

alternative form of -ful

/fæst/

firm, secure

alternative form of -ig

/ɡɑ/

Diminutive suffix, used especially in familiar names for pets.

/ɡɑl/

suffix meaning perpetual or continual

/jeː/

alternative form of -ġe

/ɡi.ɑn/

Used to form verbs from nouns and adjectives, often with an intensive effect

/xɑːd/, [hɑːd]

forming nouns of condition or quality, from nouns or adjectives

/xæ͜ɑld/, [hæ͜ɑɫd]

bent; inclined toward, tending toward; sloping toward

/ˈxen.de/, [ˈhen.de]

-handed

/xe͜ort/, [he͜orˠt]

-hearted

synonym of -hīwede (“-oid”)

formed

alternative form of -hlīepe

/xli͜yː.pe/, [l̥i͜yː.pe]

Forms adjectives from certain nouns. Often drops the initial h-, taking the form -līepe.

/xwe.ɡɑ/, [ʍe.ɣɑ]

alternative form of -hwugu

/xwe.ɡu/, [ʍe.ɣu]

alternative form of -hwugu

/xwi.ɡɑ/, [ʍi.ɣɑ]

alternative form of -hwugu

/ˈxwu.ɡu/, [ˈʍu.ɣu]

some- (forms indefinite pronouns and adverbs from interrogatives)

/xwø.ɡɑ/, [ʍø.ɣɑ]

alternative form of -hwugu

/xyn.de/, [hyn.de]

Forms adjectives from numerals denoting the amount (in hundreds of shillings) of wergeld a person is worth.

alternative form of -hād

Forms demonyms from toponyms ending in -hām

alternative form of -iġ

/i.ɑn/

Forms verbs from nouns and adjectives.

alternative form of -ienne

alternative form of -oc

/ij.je/, [id.d͡ʒe]

noun suffix denoting a female agent

alternative form of -iġe

/ˈi͜yː.je/

-eyed

/i.en.de/

Used to form the present participle of class II weak verbs

/i.en.ne/

Used to form the inflected infinitive of class II weak verbs

/ij/

-y; forms adjectives from nouns and verbs

Suffix creating diminutive nouns from other nouns.

alternative form of -ienne

/i.je/

alternative form of -iende

alternative form of -ienne

/ˈi.ɡi.ɑn/, [ˈi.ɣi.ɑn]

alternative form of -gian

alternative form of -ig

/ixt/, [içt]

/in.kel/, [iŋ.kel]

diminutive noun suffix

alternative form of -inċel

/inɡ/, [iŋɡ]

Forming nouns from verbs, indicating action, process or material.

Forming derivatives of nouns with sense of ‘belonging to, son of’.

/in.ɡɑ/, [iŋ.ɡɑ]

alternative form of -unga (adverbial suffix)

/iʃ/

of or relating to: -ish

suffix forming nouns with a collective or group force

/iʃ.ʃe/

alternative form of -isċ

/ˈis.se/

Forms nouns referring to female people. Attested only in the noun abbadisse.

alternative form of -ost

alternative form of -estre

/lɑːk/

/lɑːf/

/læ͜ɑːs/

/læ͜ɑːst/

alternative form of -līest

alternative form of -līċ

alternative form of -linga

alternative form of -hlīepe

/leːst/

alternative form of -līest

/li.ɑn/

frequentative verbal suffix; indicating repetition

/liːt͡ʃ/

/ˈliː.t͡ʃe/

-ly (adverbial suffix)

/li͜yːst/

suffix denoting lack, want or absence of: -lessness

alternative form of -ling

/linɡ/, [liŋɡ]

adverbial suffix denoting direction, state or position

/lin.ɡɑ/, [liŋ.ɡɑ]

adverbial suffix

alternative form of -hlīepe

/liːst/

alternative form of -līest

alternative form of -linga

/lyːst/

alternative form of -līest

/læː.t͡ʃɑn/

alternative form of -uma

/ˈmen.ne/

denotes having a certain number of people

/mest/

-most; used to form the superlative of certain words, such as cardinal directions

/moːd/

-minded; also -spirited, -hearted

/ˈmæː.lum/

used to denote a fixed amount of something at a time

/ne/

Forms the strong masculine accusative singular of adjectives

/nes/

Used to form abstract nouns, usually from adjectives but also from verbs and other nouns, denoting quality or state; -ness

/ness/, [nes]

alternative form of -nes

/ni.ɑn/

suffix applied to nouns and adjectives to form verbs

/ˈnix.te/, [ˈniç.te]

alternative form of -unga

/nis/

alternative form of -nes

alternative form of -nes

Used to form gerunds, a type of verbal nouns, from verbs.

alternative form of -unga

/nys/

alternative form of -nes

alternative form of -nes

/o/

/ok/

/od/

/o.de/

Forms the first and third person singular preterite indicative and singular subjunctive indicative of class II weak verbs

/o.dest/

Used to form the second person singular preterite indicative of class II weak verbs

/o.don/

Forms the plural preterite indicative of class II weak verbs

/ol/

alternative form of -eld

Marks the plural preterite indicative of strong verbs.

alternative form of -en (suffix forming past participles)

alternative form of -unga

alternative form of -enne

/or/

suffix forming adjectives from verbs denoting tendency or causation

Suffix variant found on masculine a-stem nouns

Forms the comparative degree of adverbs

/o.ri.ɑn/

alternative form of -erian: a frequentative suffix

/ost/

Used to form superlative adjectives and adverbs

alternative form of -est

/ot/

alternative form of -et

/oθ/

used to form concrete nouns from verbs

/o.θɑ/, [o.ðɑ]

Forms ordinal numbers from twēntigoþa (“20th”) to hundendleftigoþa (“110th”) (and possibly unattested *hundtwelftigoþa (“120th”))

/rɑ/

Used to form the comparative degree of adjectives

Used to form the genitive plural of adjectives

/rɑθ/

count of

/re/

masculine agent suffix, originally applied only to nouns

Marks the strong feminine genitive, dative, and instrumental singular of adjectives.

/red/

alternative form of -raþ

alternative form of -erian

/riː.t͡ʃe/

suffix appended to nouns to indicate office, ownership, guardianship, governance or dominion, equivalent to English -dom

/ˌroːf/

/ru/

Used to form the nominative/accusative plural of z-stem nouns

alternative form of -rīċe

/ˌræː.den/

/s/

Feminine noun suffix forming nouns from adjectives and verbs

saying, speaking

/ʃi͜y.pe/

noun-forming suffix: -ship

/ˌʃip/

alternative form of -sċiepe

/ˌʃi.pe/

alternative form of -sċiepe

alternative form of -sċiepe

/si.ɑn/

verbal suffix added to adjectives, nouns, and (rarely) verb roots, generally causing i-mutation in the stem

/ˈsi͜yː.ne/

relating to sight: -seen, -visible, -sighted

/sn/

Forms feminine ō-stem nouns denoting a tool or instrument.

/st/

Used to form the second person singular present indicative of strong verbs and certain Class I weak verbs

/ˌstoːw/

/ˈstren.je/, [ˈstren.d͡ʒe]

-stringed

/sum/

/ˌsæː.tɑ/

a resident or inhabitant of (usually used with placenames)

/ˈsæː.te/

residents, dwellers: forms names of peoples and places

alternative form of -þ and -þu

Alternative form of -de used to form the first and third person singular preterite indicative of certain class I weak verbs

alternative form of -tīene

/ti͜yː.ne/

-teen; used to form numbers from 13-19

/tij/

-ty (used to form numerals denoting multiples of ten)

/tun/, /tuːn/

homestead, village, town

/u/

ending used to form abstract nouns from adjectives (compare Modern English -ness), normally causing i-mutation, and remaining even when preceded by a long syllable

Used to form the first person singular present indicative of strong verbs and class I weak verbs

Used to form the nominative singular of short ō-stem nouns

Used to form the nominative and accusative singular of short u-stem nouns

Used to form the nominative and accusative plural of short a-stem and all ija-stem neuter nouns

Forms the strong nominative feminine singular and strong nominative/accusative neuter plural of adjectives

/uk/

alternative form of -oc

alternative form of -od

alternative form of -ode

/ul/

/u.mɑ/

alternative form of -on (strong plural past indicative suffix)

/unɡ/, [uŋɡ]

forming nouns from verbs, denoting verbal action or an instance of it; or denoting a substance involved in the verbal action

/un.ɡɑ/, [uŋ.ɡɑ]

alternative form of -ost

alternative form of -et

alternative form of -oþ

/ˌwɑ.re/

suffix denoting inhabitants or residents of a place

/ˌwæ͜ɑrd/, [ˌwæ͜ɑrˠd]

/ˌwæ͜ɑr.des/, [ˌwæ͜ɑrˠ.des]

alternative form of -weard

/ˌwen.de/

suffix meaning tending toward, promoting, or exemplified by; -ing, -able

/we͜orθ/, [we͜orˠθ]

alternative form of -weard

/ˌwi͜yr.θe/, [ˌwi͜yrˠ.ðe]

-willed

/ˈwin.tre/

alternative form of -wierþe

/ˌwiːs/

denoting a specified way, manner, condition, habit or direction

/ˌwiː.se/, [ˌwiː.ze]

/ˌwist/

being, state, condition; action (compare English -ance, -ence)

/wyr.de/, [wyrˠ.de]

Forming adjectives and nouns from adjectives, with the sense of "a kind of speech".

Forming nouns from nouns or adjectives, with the sense of "a kind of speech".

alternative form of -wierþe

alternative form of -isċ

alternative form of -estre

alternative form of -ern

alternative form of -es

/θ/

forming abstract nouns from verbs, adjectives or other nouns; generally causing mutation of root or preceding vowels

forming abstract nouns from verbs, adjectives or other nouns; generally causing mutation of root or preceding vowels

forming abstract nouns from verbs, adjectives or other nouns; generally causing mutation of root or preceding vowels

alternative form of -þu

/θor/

/θu/

forming abstract nouns from verbs, adjectives or other nouns; generally causing mutation of root or preceding vowels

/θθ/, [θ]

Third person singular present indicative ending of some weak verbs.

scribal abbreviation of -um

Runic spelling of -aþ

/ɑː/

from, away, off, out

/iː/

same, selfsame

alternative form of ġe-

/æː/

without, lacking (usually forms nouns or adjectives)

scribal abbreviation of and (“and”)

Written on a letter, usually a vowel, in place of an omitted n or m.

Used in modern text editions to break diphthongs.