practicus practĭcus, a, um, adj., = πρακτικός, active (post-class.): vita,Fulg. Myth. 2, 1.
prae prae, adv., and prep. with abl. [for prai, kindred with Sanscr. prefix pra-, before; Gr. πρό, πρίν, πρόσω; cf.: pro, prior, porro, primus]. Adv., before, in front.Lit. (ante-class.): abi prae, Sosia, Jam ego sequar,
,Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 2: nihil hoc est, triginta minae, prae quam alios dapsilis sumptus facit,id. Most. 4, 2, 62 Lorenz ad loc.: jam minoris omnia facio prae quam quibus modis Me ludificatus est,id. ib. 5, 2, 25: sed hoc etiam pulcrum'st praequam sumptus ubi petunt,id. Aul. 3, 5, 33; id. Merc. prol. 23: quae etsi longioribus verbis comprehensa est praequam illud Graecum, etc.,Gell. 16, 1, 3: immo res omnis relictas habeo prae quod tu velis,Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 38.Prep. with abl. (with acc.: prae cornua, prae litteras,Petr. 39, 12; 46, 1), before, in front of, in advance of.Lit.: cavendum erit, ut (villa) a tergo potius quam prae se flumen habeat,
before it
,Col. 1, 5, 4: limina alia prae aliis erant, App. de Mundo, p. 69, 22. Esp. freq.: prae se ferre, agere, mittere, to bear, carry, drive, or send before one's self: ille qui stillantem prae se pugionem tulit,Cic. Phil. 2, 12, 30: argenti prae se in aerarium tulit quattuordecim milia pondo,Liv. 28, 38, 5: prae se ferens Darium puerum,Suet. Calig. 19: prae se armentum agens,Liv. 1, 7, 4: singulos prae se inermes mittere,Sall. J. 94, 2: prae manu, and, less freq., prae manibus, at hand, on hand (ante- and postclass.): patri reddidi omne aurum, quod fuit prae manu,Plaut. Bacch. 4, 3, 9; Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 23: cum prae manu debitor (pecuniam) non haberet,Dig. 13, 7, 27: si Caesaris liber prae manibus est, promi jubeas,Gell. 19, 8, 6: aes si forte prae manu non fuerit,App. M. 6, p. 180, 30.Trop. In gen.: prae se ferre, less freq., prae se gerere, declarare, etc., prop. to carry before one's self. as if to show it; hence, to show, exhibit, manifest, reveal, make known, betray, discover, indicate (freq. and class.), Cic. Agr. 2, 2, 4: fortasse ceteri tectiores: ego semper me didicisse, prae me tuli,id. Or. 42, 146: nec vero cum venit, prae se fert, aut qui sit aut unde veniat,id. Rep. 2, 3, 6: scelus et facinus prae se ferens et confitens,id. Mil. 16, 43: ceteris prae se fert et ostentat,id. Att. 2, 23, 3: beata vita glorianda et praedicanda et prae se ferenda est: nihil est enim aliud quod praedicandum et prae se ferendum sit,id. Tusc. 5, 17, 50: conjecturam prae se gerere. id. Inv. 2, 9, 30: animum altum et erectum prae se gerebat, Auct. B. Afr. 10: prae se declarant gaudia vultu,Cat. 64, 34: prae se maximam speciem ostentare,App. Flor. p. 342, 10. In partic., in comparisons, in comparison with, compared with (mostly in comparisons which imply a contrast of kind; while praeter refers to a contrast of degree only: dives prae ceteris, in contrast with the others, who are poor: dives praeter ceteros, richer than the other rich ones; cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 894). With positive adj. (class.; v.infra): omnia prae meo commodo,Ter. Ad. 2, 3, 9: omnium unguentum odor prae tuo nautea est, Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 5; id. Men. 1, 2, 67: Gallis prae magnitudine corporum suorum brevitas nostra contemptui est,Caes. B. G. 2, 30: prae divitiis,Liv. 3, 26: videbant omnes prae illo parvi futuros,Nep. Eum. 10, 4; Cic. Agr. 2, 35, 96: veros illos Atticos prae se paene agrestes putat,id. Brut. 83, 286: ab isto prae lucro praedāque nec vectigalium nec posteritatis habitam esse rationem,Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 55, § 128: non tu quidem vacuus molestiis, sed prae nobis beatus,id. Fam. 4, 4, 2; Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 4: (stultitia) prae ceteris parit immensas cupiditates,Auct. Her. 2, 22, 34. So with comp. for quam (ante- and post-class.): atque me minoris facio prae illo,Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 85: id prae illo, quod honestum nobis est, fit plenius,Gell. 1, 3, 25; Front. Ep. ad M. Caes. 1, 2; Hier. in Psa. 44, 3; Aug. c. Acad. 1, 22. In giving the cause, which, as it were, goes before, for, because of, by reason of, on account of (class. only of a hinderance; with an express or implied negation; or with vix, v. Zumpt, § 310): Ulixi cor frixit prae pavore, Liv. Andron. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 1, 92: prae laetitiā lacrumae praesiliunt mihi,Plaut. Stich. 3, 2, 13: prae lassitudine opus est ut lavem,id. Truc. 2, 3, 7; Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 71: prae gaudio ubi sim nescio,id. ib. 2, 3, 67: vivere non quit Prae macie,Lucr. 4, 1167: nec loqui prae maerore potuit,Cic. Planc. 41, 99: quorum ille nomen prae metu ferre non poterat,id. Phil. 13, 9, 20: solem prae jaculorum multitudine non videbitis,id. Tusc. 1, 42, 101: prae irā,Liv. 31, 24 fin.: vix sibimet ipsi prae nec opinato gaudio credentes,id. 39, 49. In composition, prae usually denotes, Before: praedico, praebibo, praecaveo, etc.; so too, praeceps, headforemost, headlong. In time: praecanus, gray before one's time. Enhancing the main idea, qs. in advance of others: praealtus, extremely high: praeclarus, very celebrated; praevalidus, very strong, etc.
praeaccipio praeaccĭpĭo, ĕre, 3, v. a., to admit antecedently (late Lat.): miraculis praeacceptis,Cassiod. in Psa. 105, 31.
praeacuo prae-ăcŭo, ūtum, 3, v. a., to sharpen before or at one end, to sharpen to a point: surculum praeacuito ... eum primorem praeacuito,Cato, R. R. 40, 2 and 3. Hence, praeăcūtus, a, um. Part.P. a., sharpened before or at the end, sharpened, pointed: surculus aridus praeacutus,Cato, R. R. 40, 3: cacumina,Caes. B. G. 7, 73, 2: sudes,Sall. C. 56, 3: tigna paulum ab imo praeacuta,Caes. B. G. 4, 17: cuspis,Ov. M. 7, 131: bipennis,Plin. 8, 8, 8, § 26: scopuli,id. 9, 10, 12, § 38. Hence, praeăcūtē, adv., very acutely, App. Mag. p. 296, 26.
praeaequo prae-aequo, āre, v. a., to make equal before, Not. Tir. p. 76.
praealte praealtē, adv., v. praealtus fin.
praealtus prae-altus, a, um, adj. (not in Cic. or Cæs.). Verg high: praealtae rupes,Liv. 40, 58: jugum, Auct. B. Afr. 37, 3: volatus volucrum,Plin. 2, 10, 7, § 48. Comp.: Saturni praealtius omnibus sidus,Mart. Cap. 8, § 886.Very deep: ostium fluminis praealti,Liv. 10, 2: mare,Plin. 5, 19, 17, § 76; Curt. 4, 2, 9: proxima terrae praealta sunt,Sall. J. 78, 2: paludes,Tac. H. 5, 15. Sup.: praealtissimus puteus,App. M. 8, p. 365 Oud. Adv.: praealtē, very deeply (post-class.): trabes in terram praealte defigitur,Veg. Mil. 4, 21.
praeambulo prae-ambŭlo, āre, v. n., to walk before (post-class.), Mart. Cap. 9, § 905.
praeambulus praeambŭlus, a, um, adj.prae-ambulo, walking before (post-class.), Mart. Cap. 9, § 215: matre praeambulā,id. 2, § 996.
praeaudio prae-audĭo, īvi, ītum, 4, v. a., to hear beforehand, Cassiod. Hist. Eccl. 9, 14. Hence, prae -audītus, a, um, Part., heard before, examined before (post-class.): custodiae,Dig. 1, 16, 6.
praebenda praebenda, ae, f.praebeo, the support or allowance afforded by the State to a private person, Cassiod. Var. 5, 39.
praebeo praebĕo, ŭi, ĭtum (old inf. praeberier, Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 49; id. Am. 4, 2, 7), 2, v. a.contr. from praehibeo, q. v. from prae-habeo, to hold forth, reach out, proffer, offer (class., esp. in the trop. signif.; syn.: ministro, suppedito, suggero). Lit.: canis parvulo praebens ubera,Just. 1, 4: cibum de manu,Col. 9, 1, 6: collum cultris, Juv 10, 269: praebenda gladio cervix,id. 10, 345: jugulum,Sen. Agam. 973: cervicem,Petr. 97: os ad contumeliam,Liv. 4, 35: verberibus manus,Ov. A. A. 1, 16: aures,
,Plin. 8, 10, 10, § 31: eundem usum,id. 28, 11, 49, § 179.Trop., to give, grant, furnish, render, cause, make, occasion; to show, exhibit, represent; and with se, to show, approve, behave one's self in a certain manner: operam reipublicae,Liv. 5, 4: materiam seditionis,id. 3, 46: honorem alicui,Plin. 15, 4, 5, § 19 (al. perhibuit): fidem alicui in periculis,Nep. Att. 4, 4. Esp. with se and acc. of adj.: se talem alicui, qualem, etc.,Cic. Rosc. Am. 4, 11: in re misericordem et in testimonio religiosum se praebuit,id. Caecin. 10, 26: Pompeius se auctorem meae salutis praebuit,id. Sest. 50, 107: in eo vehementer se moderatum praebere,id. Off. 2, 21, 73: se in malis hominem praebuit,id. Fam. 15, 17, 3: se dignum suis majoribus,id. ib. 2, 18, 3: in eos, qui ea perficere voluerunt, me severum vehementemque praebeo,id. Cat. 4, 6, 12: me similem in utroque praebui,
towards both
,id. Sull. 8, 16. With nom. of adj. (very rare): ut vobis videtur, praebebit se periculis fortis,Sen. Ep. 85, 26. With abl.: pari se virtute praebuit,Nep. Dat. 2, 1: in eo magistratu pari diligentiā se Hannibal praebuit,id. Hann. 7, 5. So, also, without se: Phormio in hac re ut aliis strenuum hominem praebuit,Ter. Phorm. 3, 1, 12; so, too, in neutr. signif. of a woman, to surrender herself to her lover: odi quae praebet, quia sit praebere necesse,Ov. A. A. 2, 685: praebere se legibus,i. e.
,Ter. Eun. 5, 6, 9. With an obj.-clause, to permit, allow, let a thing be done (poet.): quae toties rapta est, praebuit ipsa rapi,
suffered herself to be carried off
,Ov. H. 5, 132. Hence, praebĭta, ōrum, n., what is furnished for support, allowance (postAug.): annua,Col. 1, 8, 17: praebitis annuis privavit,Suet. Tib. 50.
praebia praebĭa, ōrum, n.praebeo, an amulet: praebia a praebendo ut sit tutus, quod sint remedia in collo pueris,Varr. L. L. 7, § 107 Müll.: praebia, remedia, Paul. ex Fest. p. 235: φυλακτήριον, servatorium, amolimentum, amuletum, praebia, Gloss. Cyrill.
praebibo prae-bĭbo, bĭbi, 3, v. a., to drink before, drink to one (rare but class.): ei cui venenum praebiberat (= propinaverat), * Cic. Tusc. 1, 40, 96; App. M. 10, p. 246, 35: dabimus aquam praebibendam,Cael. Aur. Tard. 1, 4, 93: προπίνω, propino, probibo (leg. praebibo), Gloss. Gr. Lat.
praebita praebĭta, ōrum, v. praebeo fin.
praebitio praebĭtĭo, ōnis, f.praebeo, a giving, furnishing. In gen. (ante-class.), Varr. ap. Non. 152, 33. In partic., a supplying, providing for the use of the State (post-class.): gravari copiarum praebitione,Just. 38, 10, 8: adventitiae olei frumentique,Aur. Vict. Caes. 41, 19: injusta,Vulg. 2 Macc. 4, 14.
praebitor praebĭtor, ōris, m.id.. In gen., a giver, furnisher, supplier (rare but class.): usitati muneris, Ambros. Job et Dav. 2, 5, 20. Esp., Minister et praebitor, who provided support for the officers of the government visiting the province, * Cic. Off. 2, 15, 53.A purveyor, contractor for government, Inscr. Giorn. Arcad. t. 24, p. 82.
praecautus prae-cautus, a, um, Part., from praecaveo.
praecaveo prae-căvĕo, cāvi, cautum, 2, v. a. and n., to guard against beforehand.Act., to guard against, seek to avert, obviate, or prevent (class.; syn. provideo): illud praecavendum est mihi,Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 107: peccata, quae difficillime praecaventur,Cic. Rosc. Am. 40, 116: quod a me ita praecautum atque ita provisum est,id. Att. 2, 1, 6: ita mihi res tota provisa atque praecauta est, ut, etc.,Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 42, § 91: venena,Suet. Calig. 23: injurias,Gell. 7, 3, 41: malam diem,Vulg. Eccl. 7, 15.Neutr., to take care or heed, to use precaution, to be on one's guard, to beware (class.): ferae, quibus abest ad praecavendum intellegendi astutia, Pac. ap. Cic. Fin. 5, 11, 31 (Trag. Rel. p. 103 Rib.); Plaut. Truc. 2, 5, 21: providentem ante et praecaventem,Cic. Planc. 22, 53: praecaventibus fatis,Vell. 2, 12, 1: ab insidiis,
to guard against
,Liv. 9, 17. With ne: id ne accideret, magnopere sibi praecavendum Caesar existimabat,Caes. B. G. 1, 38, 2; cf.: satis undique provisum atque praecautum est, ne, etc.,Liv. 36, 17, 12: cum videtur praecaveri potuisse, si provisum esset,Cic. Tusc. 3, 22, 52; cf. id. Inv. 2, 32, 99. With dat., to provide for, take precautions for one's safety: sibi,Ter. And. 3, 5, 18. In part. perf.: sed praecauto'st opus, ne, etc.,
praecedo prae-cēdo, cessi, cessum, 3, v. a. and n., to go before, precede (seems not to occur in Cic., Nep., Tac., or Sall.; once in Cæs.; syn.: antecedo, anteverto). Act., to go before, precede a person or thing. Lit. (poet. and in post-Aug. prose): aliquem,Suet. Dom. 14: custodes,Just. 14, 4: agmen,Verg. A. 9, 47: is praecedens agmen militum ad tribunal pergit,Liv. 7, 13, 2: praetoriā nave praecedente classem,id. 35, 26, 7; 38, 41, 12: taurus armenta praecedit,Sen. Ep. 90, 4; id. Contr. 3, 16, 8: exsequias fax cereusque praecessit,id. Tranq. 11, 7: gradum nostrum aut praecedentes aut sequentes,Vell. 2, 114, 1. Of inanimate subjects: at quae venturas praecedet sexta Calendas,Ov. F. 1, 705; Vell. 2, 129, 3.Trop., to surpass, outstrip, outdo, excel, be superior to (rare but class.): Helvetii reliquos Gallos virtute praecedunt,
,id. 11, 37, 55, § 149.Transf., to be older: decem et octo annis,Just. Inst. 1, 11, 4.Trop., to surpass, excel; with the dat. (ante-class.): ut vostrae fortunae meis praecedunt longe,Plaut. As. 3, 3, 39.
praecelero prae-cĕlĕro, āre, v. a. and n., to hasten before or in advance (poet.). Act.: ducem,Stat. Th. 4, 798.Neutr.: calle latenti,Stat. Th. 2, 497.
praecellens prae-cellens, entis, Part. and P. a., from praecello.
praecello prae-cello, ĕre (collat. form, acc. to the 2d conj.; pres. praecellet, Plaut. Ps. 2, 3, 13; perh. originally written praecellit), v. a. and n., to rise above others. Act., to surpass, excel any one (post-Aug.; syn. antecello): praecellere aliquam fecunditate,Tac. A. 2, 43; Dig. 50, 2, 6.Neutr.To distinguish one's self, to excel (syn. excello): ut quisque fortunā utitur, Ita praecellet,Plaut. Ps. 2, 3, 14: praecellere mobilitate,Lucr. 2, 161: odore et suavitate,Plin. 15, 21, 23, § 85: dignitate inter aliquos,Dig. 2, 14, 8: praecellere per insignem nobilitatem et eloquentiam,Tac. A. 3, 24. Alicui. To be superior to, to excel: mortalibus,Sil. 15, 74.To preside or rule over (Tacitean): genti,Tac. A. 12, 15. Hence, prae-cellens, entis, P. a., surpassing, excellent, eminent, distinguished (class.). Of persons: vir et animo et virtute praecellens,Cic. Balb. 10, 25. Sup.: vir omnibus rebus praecellentissimus,Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 44, § 97. Of things: uniones magnitudine praecellentes,Plin. 9, 35, 56, § 113: formā praecellente,id. 7, 53, 54, § 184: vir ingenii praecellentis,Gell. 19, 8, 3. Comp.: arbor pomo et suavitate praecellentior,Plin. 12, 6, 12, § 24.
praecelsus prae-celsus, a, um, adj., very high or lofty (class.; poet. and late Lat.; cf.: arduus, sublimis, excelsus). Lit.: rupes,Verg. A. 3, 245; Sulp. Sev. Chron. 2, 15, 9.Trop.: Fortuna,Stat. S. 3, 3, 85. Comp., Ambros. Fid. 4, 1, 7; id. in Luc. 3, 3, 37 (but Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 48, § 107, perexcelso, B. and K.).
praecentio praecentĭo, ōnis, f.praecino, a singing or playing before a sacrifice, a battle, etc., a prelude, Cic. Har. Resp. 10, 21: tran quilla,Gell. 1, 11, 4.
praecento praecento, āreprae-canto, to sing before, to offer consolation in song: huic Epicurus praecentet, si potest, cum, etc.,Cic. Fin. 2, 29, 94 B. and K.; v. Madv. ad loc.
praecentor praecentor, ōris, m.praecino, a leader in music, precentor (post-class.): praecentor in choris,App. Mund. p. 74, 3; cf.: praecentor qui vocem praemittit (opp. succentor),Aug. Enarr. in Psa. 87; cf. Isid. 7, 12, 27.
praecentorius praecentōrĭus, a, um, adj.praecentor, of or belonging to a prelude (postclass.): harundines,Sol. 5, 19.
praeceps praeceps, cĭpĭtis (old form praecĭ-pes, cĭpis, Plaut. Rud. 3, 3, 8; id. et Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 725 P. (Ann. v. 391 Vahl.; abl. praecipiti), adj.prae-caput. Lit., headforemost, headlong (class.): praecipitem trahi,Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 79: aliquem praecipitem deicere,Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 40, § 86: praeceps ad terram datus,
,Tac. A. 4, 22; so, jacto in praeceps corpore,id. ib. 6, 49; cf.: in praeceps deferri,Liv. 5, 47. For in praeceps, in late Lat., per praeceps occurs: abiit grex per praeceps in mare,Vulg. Matt. 8, 32; id. Judic. 5, 22. Hence, of one going rapidly, headforemost, headlong: de ponte Ire praecipitem in lutum per caputque pedesque,Cat. 17, 9: se jacere praecipitem e vertice,id. 63, 244; Verg. A. 5, 860: ab equo praeceps decidit,Ov. Ib. 259: (apes) praecipites Cadunt,Verg. G. 4, 80: aliquem praecipitem agere,
,Sall. C. 31, 9: praeceps celeritas dicendi,Cic. Fl. 20, 48: profectio, Att. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 10, 6: occumbunt multi letum ... praecipe cursu, in rapid destruction, Enn. l. l. With gen.: SI NON FATORVM PRAECEPS HIC MORTIS OBISSET,
sudden as regards fate
,Inscr. Grut. 695, 9, emended by Minervini in Bullet. Arch. Napol. III. 1845, p. 41 (but Minervini's assumption of a new adj., praeceps, from praecipio, anticipating fale, is unnecessary). In partic. Rash, hasty, inconsiderate: homo in omnibus consiliis praeceps,Cic. Phil. 5, 13, 37: praeceps et effrenata mens, id. Cael. 15, 35: praeceps consilium et immaturum,Suet. Aug. 8: cogitatio,id. Calig. 48: audacia,Val. Max. 1, 6, 7.Inclined to any thing: praeceps in avaritiam et crudelitatem animus,Liv. 26, 38: praeceps ingenio in iram,id. 23, 7: animus ad flagitia praeceps,Tac. A. 16, 21.Dangerous, hazardous, critical: in tam praecipiti tempore,Ov. F. 2, 400. Hence, Subst.: praeceps, cĭpĭtis, n.Great danger, extremity, extreme danger, critical circumstances: se et prope rem publicam in praeceps dederat,
brought into extreme danger
,Liv. 27, 27: levare Aegrum ex praecipiti,Hor. S. 2, 3, 292: aeger est in praecipiti,Cels. 2, 6.The highest part, summit, sublimity (postAug.): omne in praecipiti vitium stetit,
at its point of culmination
,Juv. 1, 149: debet orator erigi, attolli, efferri, ac saepe accedere ad praeceps,
to verge on the sublime
,Plin. Ep. 9, 26, 2. Hence, adv.: prae-ceps, headlong.Lit.: aliquem praeceps trahere,Tac. A. 4, 62: ex his fulgoribus quaedam praeceps eunt, similia prosilientibus stellis,Sen. Q. N. 1, 15, 2: moles convulsa dum ruit intus immensam vim mortalium praeceps trahit atque operit,Tac. A. 4, 62: toto praeceps se corpore ad undas Misit,Verg. A. 4, 253.Trop.: eversio rei familiaris dignitatem ac famam praeceps dabat,
praeceptio praeceptĭo, ōnis, f.praecipio. A taking beforehand, a receiving in advance (jurid. Lat.): per praeceptionem legamus,Ulp. Reg. 24, 2: dotis,Dig. 23, 4, 26: per praeceptionem legare,Gai. Inst. 2, 192; 216; Paul. Sent. 3, 6, 1.The right of receiving in advance: praeceptionem quadringentorum milium dedit,Plin. Ep. 5, 7, 1: bonorum,Dig. 33, 7, 2.A previous notion, preconception: ad eam praeceptionem accedere, quam inchoatam habebunt in animis,Cic. Part. 36, 123.A precept, injunction (class.): lex est recti praeceptio, pravique depulsio,Cic. N. D. 2, 31, 79: Stoicorum,id. Off. 1, 2, 6: in juris scientiā est persecutionum cautionumque praeceptio,id. Or. 41, 141. Esp., an imperial rescript or order, Cod. Just. 1, 11, 2; 11, 59, 3.
praeceptive praeceptīvē, adv., v. praeceptivus fin.
praeceptivus praeceptīvus, a, um, adj.praecipio, preceptive, didactic (post-Aug.): pars philosophiae, quam Graeci παραινετικήν vocant, nos praeceptivam dicimus, Sen. Ep. 95, 1: portemus praeceptivo modo dicens,
praeceptorius praeceptōrĭus, a, um, v. praecursorius.
praeceptrix praeceptrix, īcis, f.praeceptor, a preceptress (class.): sapientiā praeceptrice,Cic. Fin. 1, 13, 43: praeceptrix et magistra,Vitr. 10, 1.
praeceptum praeceptum, i, n., v. praecipio fin.
praeceptus praeceptus, a, um, Part., from praecipio.
praecerpo prae-cerpo (praecarpo, Oppius ap. Macr. S. 2, 15), psi, ptum, 3, v. a.carpo. To pluck, break off, or gather before, or before the time (poet. and in post-Aug. prose): messes,Ov. H. 20, 143: germinum tenera,Plin. 18, 19, 49, § 177: mala citrea (opp. maturescere), Oppius ap. Macr. l. l. Trop., to pluck beforehand; hence, to take away, lessen, diminish (class.): non praecerpo fructum officii tui,Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 37, § 80: purpurae decus praecerptum praefloratumque,Plin. Pan. 58 fin.: gratiam novitatis,id. Ep. 5, 20, 8.To pluck out in front: jubas,Stat. Th. 9, 193. To make extracts from: Aristotelis libros,Gell. 2, 30, 11.
praecerptus praecerptus, a, um, Part., from praecerpo.
praecertatio prae-certātĭo, a false read. for par certatio, Auct. Her. 4, 30, 41.
praecessor praecessor, ōris, m.praecedo. A predecessor (eccl. Lat.): alicujus,Tert. adv. Prax. 1; Hier. in Ruf. 3, n. 20.A superior in rank, Vulg. Luc. 22, 26.
praecia praecĭa, ae, m.prae-cieo, a public crier or herald who preceded the flamen and bade the artisans leave off their work for a while, in order not to desecrate the solemnities, Paul. ex Fest. p. 224 Müll.; App. M. 11, p. 261, 28 (acc. to conject.; codd. plerique). They were also called praeciamitatores,Fest. p. 249 Müll. (acc. to Müller, observation on praecia, p. 224, a, praeciamitatores is perhaps corrupted from praeciaminatores, which is formed from praeciaminare, a lengthened form for praeciare, from praecia; but the word was more probably corrupted at an early period from praeclamitatores).
praecidaneus praecīdānĕus, a, um, adj.praecaedo. Lit., that is slaughtered or sacrificed before (ante and post-class.): porca praecidanea,
the preliminary sacrifice of a sow
,Cato, R. R. 134: quod humatus non sit, heredi porca praecidanea suscipienda Telluri et Cereri: aliter familia pura non est, Varr. ap. Non. 163, 21; cf.: praecidaneae hostiae dicuntur, quae ante sacrificia sollemnia pridie caeduntur. Porca etiam praecidanea appellata, quam piaculi gratiā, ante fruges novas fieri coeptas immolari Cereri mos fuit, si qui familiam funestam aut non purgaverant, aut aliter eam rem, quam oportuerat, procuraverant,Gell. 4, 6, 7: praecidanea agna vocabatur, quae ante alias caedebatur. Item porca quae Cereri mactabatur ab eo, qui mortuo justa non fecisset, id est glebam non objecisset, quia mos erat eis id facere, priusquam novas fruges gustarent, Paul. ex Fest. p. 233 Müll.Transf.: feriae praecidaneae, a preliminary festival, Atei. Capito ap. Gell. 4, 6, 10.
praecidarius praecīdārĭus, a, um, adj., for praecidaneus, Mar. Vict. p. 2470 P.
praecido prae-cīdo (old form praecaedit, Quadrig. ap. Gell. 9, 13, 18), cīdi, cīsum, 3, v. a.caedo, to cut off in front; hence, in gen., to cut off.Lit. (class.); constr. with acc. alone, or with acc. and dat. or gen. of person. With acc. and dat.: linguam alicui,Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 12: manum alicui gladio,Cic. Inv. 2, 20, 59: aures, nasum et labia alicui,Just. 1, 10, 5. With acc. and gen.: collegae sui praecidi caput jussit,Cic. Tusc. 5, 19, 55: quae patrem occiderit, manus ejus praecidantur,Sen. Contr. 9, 27, 8. With acc.: manus,Hirt. B. G. 8, 44: caput, Quadrig. ap. Gell. l. l.: capita,Petr. 1: medici membra praecidunt,Quint. 8, 3, 75: capillos,id. ib. 8, 3, 105: ancoras,
,Cic. Att. 9, 6, 3.To beat to pieces, to batter, smash (ante-class.): praecide os tu illi,Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 52 (dub.; cf. id. Pers. 2, 4, 12 Ritschl). Praecidere sinum maris, to cut off, avoid, i. e. to sail straight (postAug.), Sen. Ep. 53, 1: medium mare, Auct. Quint. Decl. 12, 22; cf. iter,Plin. 8, 22, 34, § 83.Trop., to cut off, to take away. Of speech, to cut short, abridge; to cut short one's words, to be brief, break off or finish abruptly: dum te obtuetur, interim linguam oculi praeciderunt,Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 56: maximam partem defensionis,Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 62, § 151: sibi licentiam libertatemque vivendi,id. ib. 2, 3, 1, § 3: sibi reditum,id. Pis. 22, 51: per abscissionem significatio fit, si, cum incipimus aliquid dicere, praecidimus,Auct. Her. 4, 54, 67: brevi praecidam,
,id. Ac. 2, 43, 133.To break off, cut off, end, destroy; esp. with spem: si non praeciditur spes plebeio quoque, apiscendi summi honoris,Liv. 4, 3, 7: praecisa consulatūs spes erit,id. 4, 3, 15; 24, 31, 12; 42, 50, 1: id sum assecutus, ut una hora perdito spem judicii corrumpendi praeciderem,Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 7, § 20: utrum spem nostram praecidat an differat,Sen. Ira, 3, 28, 4; id. Ben. 2, 5, 1. Also of friendship, etc.: amicitias repente praecidere, to break off suddenly (opp. sensim dissuere), Cic. Off. 1, 33, 120.To deny flatly, refuse, decline, etc.: plane sine ullā exceptione praecidit,
flatly refused
,Cic. Att. 8, 4, 2: cupiebam eum esse nobiscum: quod quia praeciderat,id. ib. 10, 16, 1. Hence, praecīsus, a, um, P. a.Lit., cut or torn off, separated (poet.): Trinacria Italiā praecisa,Manil. 4, 630. Subst.: praecī-sum, i, n., a piece of meat cut off, a cutlet, steak (ante-class.), Naev. ap. Non. 151, 2: praeciso capi, Lucil. ib.Transf.Castrated (post-class.): fanatici,Lampr. Elag. 7: praecisi ac professi impudientiam,Sen. Prov. 5, 3.Broken off, steep, abrupt, precipitous (poet. and in post-Aug. prose): acuta silex praecisis undique saxis,Verg. A. 8, 233: iter,Sall. J. 92, 7: rupes,Quint. 12, 9, 2.Trop.Shortened, short, brief (post-Aug.): praecisis conclusionibus obscuri,Quint. 10, 2, 17: comprehensio,id. 7, 3, 15.Troublesome (postclass.): ut sub obtentu militiae praecisiorem se adversario faceret (al. pretiosiorem),Dig. 49, 16, 4. Hence, adv.: prae-cīsē. In short, in few words, briefly, concisely (class.): praecise dicere (opp. plene et perfecte dicere),Cic. N. D. 2, 29, 73.Positively, absolutely (class.): praecise negare alicui,Cic. Att. 8, 4, 2: non praecise, sed sub condicione,Dig. 36, 3, 1.
praecinctio praecinctĭo, ōnis, f.praecingo, lit., a girding about, a girdle: zonae, Hilar. in Matt. 2, 2. Hence, Transf., the broad landing-place or lobby around the amphitheatre, or between each tier of seats, Vitr. 5, 3; 2, 8.
praecinctorium praecinctōrĭum, ĭi, n.id., a girdle, apron (eccl. Lat.): fecerunt praecinctoria de foliis fici, Aug. Genes. cont. Manich. 2, 2.
praecinctura praecinctūra, ae, f.id., a girding, girdle, Macr. S. 2, 3; Vitr. 10, 21 Schneid. N. cr.
praecinctus praecinctus, a, um, Part., from praecingo.
praecinctus praecinctus, ūs, m.praecingo, a girding.Lit. (ante-class.): castula est palliolum praecinctui, Varr. ap. Non. 548, 30.Transf., in gen., a dressing, dress (post-class.): in praecinctu ponens omnem decorem,Macr. S. 2, 9.
praecingo prae-cingo, nxi, nctum, 3, v. a., to gird about, to gird.Lit.: cincticulo praecinctus in sellā aput magistrum adsidere,Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 26: det tunicam locuples: ego te praecingere possum,Mart. 14, 153, 1: ilia cultro,Grat. Cyn. 341. More freq. mid.: praecingi, to gird one's self: cum strophio accurate praecingerere, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 538, 12: et latro et cautus praecingitur ense viator,Ov. Tr. 2, 271: praecincti recte pueri,
properly girded
,
girded up
,Hor. S. 2, 8, 70: ut male praecinctum puerum caverent,Suet. Caes. 45. Poet.: nox mediis signis praecincta volabit, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 258 Müll. (Ann. v. 416 Vahl.): iter ... altius ac nos Praecinctis unum, to those more girded up, i. e. to more rapid travellers, Hor. S. 1, 5, 6.Transf., in gen., to surround, encircle with any thing (poet. and in post-Aug. prose): fontem vallo,Prop. 4 (5), 4, 7. so, litora muro,Sil. 3, 243. In pass.: Brundisium praecinctum pulcro portu, Enn. ap. Gell. 6, 6, 6 (Ann. v. 478 Vahl.): gemma per transversum lineā albā mediā praecingitur,Plin. 37, 9, 37, § 118; cf. id. 37, 7, 27, § 99: tellus praecincta circumfluo mari,id. 2, 66, 66, § 166: praecingitur gens mari,id. 5, 32, 40, § 143: parietes testaceo opere praecincti,
praecino prae-cĭno, cĭnŭi (e. g. praecinuit, Plin. 2, 12, 9, § 54), centum, 3, v. n. and a. [cano]. Neutr., to sing or play before (class.): et deorum pulvinaribus et epulis magistratuum fides praecinunt,Cic. Tusc. 4, 2, 4: praecinere sibi tibias jussit,Flor. 2, 2, 10: praecinente citharā,Gell. 1, 11, 6: tubā praecinente,
sounding beforehand
,Flor. 2, 16, 5. In partic., to utter an incantation: carmine cum magico praecinuisset anus,Tib. 1, 5, 12.Act., to sing to one: gemitum,
praecipiens praecĭpĭens, entis, Part. and subst., v. praecipio.
praecipio prae-cĭpĭo, cēpi, ceptum, 3, v. a.capio, to take or seize beforehand, to get or receive in advance (class., esp. in the trop. sense; syn.: anticipo, praeoccupo). Lit. In gen., Lucr. 6, 1050: nisi aquam praecepimus ante,id. 6, 804: a publicanis pecuniam insequentis anni mutuam praeceperat,Caes. B. C. 3, 31: aliquantum viae,
,Verg. E. 3, 98. In partic., in jurid. lang, to receive (esp. an inheritance or bequest) in advance, Plin. Ep. 5, 7, 4: si heres centum praecipere jussus sit,Dig. 30, 122; so ib. 36, 1, 63: quantitatem dotis,ib. 17, 2, 81: dotem,ib. 10, 2, 46: per praeceptionem hoc modo legamus: Lucius Titius hominem Stichum praecipito,Gai. Inst. 2, 216. Trop. In gen., to take or obtain in advance, to anticipate: aliquantum ad fugam temporis Syphax et Hasdrubal praeceperunt,
,Juv. 14, 16. With inf.: justitia praecipit, parcere omnibus,Cic. Rep. 3, 12, 21; so, paeoniam praecipiunt eruere noctu,Plin. 25, 4, 10, § 29: codicillos aperiri testator praecepit,Dig. 31, 1, 89. With ut: illud potius praecipiendum fuit, ut, etc.,Cic. Lael. 16, 60: recte etiam praecipi potest in amicitiis, ne, etc.,id. ib. 20, 75: consulentibus Pythia praecepit, ut, etc.,Nep. Milt. 1, 3. With subj. alone: praecipit atque interdicit, omnes unum peterent Indutiomarum,Caes. B. G. 5, 58: his praecepit, omnes mortales pecuniā aggrediantur,Sall. J. 28, 1. With acc. and inf.: etiam scelere convictos nonnisi ad opus damnari praeceperat,Suet. Ner. 31: D. Claudius edicto praecepit,
decreed
,
commanded
,Dig. 48, 10, 15. As subst.: praecĭpĭens, entis, m., a teacher, Cic. Rep. 1, 46, 70: jam prope consummata fuerit praecipientis opera,Quint. 2, 6, 6: in numero praecipientium,id. 2, 3, 5. Hence, praeceptum, i, n. (acc. to II. B.), a maxim, rule, precept; an order, direction, command, bidding; an injunction, etc. (class.): quo praecepto ab iis diligentissime observato,Caes. B. G. 5, 35: sine praecepto ullius suā sponte struebatur acies,Liv. 9, 31: transvectae praecepto ducis alae,Tac. Agr. 37: hoc praeceptum patet latius,Cic. Tusc. 2, 24, 58; cf.: hoc praeceptum officii diligenter tenendum est,id. Off. 2, 14, 51. In plur.: tuis monitis praeceptisque,Cic. Fam. 5, 13, 3: in quam (partem) praecepta nobis danda sunt,id. Inv. 2, 17, 53; 2, 34, 105: abundare praeceptis philosophiae,id. Off. 1, 1, 1: dare praecepta dicendi,id. Brut. 76, 273; cf. studiosis dicendi praecepta tradere,id. Or. 41, 141: deūm praecepta secuti,
orders
,
commands
,Verg. G. 4, 448: sine vi non ulla dabit (Nereus) praecepta,id. ib. 4, 398.
praecipitanter praecĭpĭtanter, adv., v. praecipito fin.
praecipitantia praecĭpĭtantĭa, ae, f.praecipito, a falling headlong, a rapid fall (post-class.), Gell. 6, 2, 11; 9, 1, 5.
praecipitatio praecĭpĭtātĭo, ōnis, f.id., a falling headlong, headlong hurry, inconsiderate haste (post-Aug.), Vitr. 5, 12; Sen. Ira, 1, 12, 6; App. de Mundo, p. 61, 20; Vulg. Psa. 51, 6.
praecipitator praecĭpĭtātor, ōris, m.id., a destroyer, overthrower (late Lat.), Aug. c. Duas Epp. Pelag. 1, 4.
praecipitium praecĭpĭtĭum, ĭi, n.praecipito. Lit., a steep place, an abrupt descent, a precipice (post-Aug.): in praecipitium propellere,Suet. Aug. 79; Vulg. Judith, 7, 8.Trop.: aut per confragosa vexabitur aut per praecipitia labetur,Lact. 6, 17; cf. Cic. Rep. 2, 41, 68.Transf., a falling headlong, a falling down, a fall: dum aliorum praecipitium vident,Lact. 2, 3: (herba urceolaris) contra, lapsus et praecipitia singularis,Plin. 22, 17, 20, § 43.
praecipito praecĭpĭto, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. and n.praeceps, to throw or cast down headlong, to precipitate (class.; syn.. deicio, deturbo, proruo). Act.Lit.: pilae in mare praecipitatae,Nep. Alcib. 6 fin.: truncas rupes in tecta domosque,Stat. Th. 10, 881: currum scopulis, hurl or dash against, Ov. M. 15, 518: pinus,Stat. Achill. 2, 546. Freq. with se or pass. in middle sense: se e Leucade,Cic. Tusc. 4, 18, 41: se a tecto,Sen. Ep. 4, 4: se de turri,Liv. 23, 37: sese in fossas,Caes. B. C. 3, 69: praecipitasse se quosdam constabat (sc. de muro),
Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 36. Absol.: si quando iis (parvis) ludentes minamur, praecipitaturos alicunde, extimescunt, that we will throw them down from any place (= nos eos dejecturos), Cic. Fin. 5, 11, 31.Transf., in gen., to bend a thing down: vitem,Cato, R. R. 32, 2: partem (vitis),Col. 4, 20, 4: palmitem,id. 5, 6, 33.Trop.To throw, hurl, or cast down, to precipitate: praecipitari ex altissimo dignitatis gradu, Cic. Dom. 37, 98; cf.: in tanta mala praeeipitatus ex patrio regno,Sall. J. 14, 23. Esp. with reflex. pron.: semet ipse praecipitare,
,Caes. B. C. 3, 25.Trop.To fall down, to fall, rush, or sink to ruin: qui in amorem Praecipitavit, pejus perit quam si saxo saliat,Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 31: praecipitantes impellere, certe est inhumanum,Cic. Rab. Post. 1, 2; so, praecipitantem impellamus,id. Clu. 26, 70: ubi non subest, quo praecipitet ac decidat,
he may tumble down
,id. Rep. 1, 45, 69: praecipitante re publicā,id. Sull. 1, 1; cf. id. ib. 31, 87; and: cum ad Cannas praecipitasset Romana res,Liv. 27, 40: ad exitium praecipitans,Cic. Att. 3, 15, 7.To be too hasty: cum vitiosum sit adsentiri quicquam aut falsum aut incognitum, sustinenda est potius omnis adsensio, ne praecipitet, si temere processerit,Cic. Ac. 2, 21, 68. Hence, praecĭpĭ-tanter, adv., hastily, precipitately: agens mannos ad villam,Lucr. 3, 1063.
praecipue praecĭpŭē, adv., v. praecipuus fin.
praecipuus praecĭpŭus, a, um, adj.praecipio, that is taken before other things (cf. princeps): excipuum quod excipitur, ut praecipuum, quod ante capitur, Paul. ex Fest. p. 80 Müll. Hence, Particular, peculiar, especial (class.; opp. communis),Cic. Sull. 3, 9; cf. id. ib. 4, 12; id. Fam. 4, 15, 2; cf. also id. Prov. Cons. 1, 2: non praecipuam, sed parem cum ceteris fortunae conditionem subire,id. Rep. 1, 4, 7. In partic., in jurid. lang., that is received beforehand (esp. as an inheritance), special: praecipua dos,Dig. 33, 4, 2 fin.: peculium,ib. 40, 5, 23; Ter. Ad. 2, 3, 5; Plaut. Rud. 1, 3, 6. Subst.: praecĭpŭum, ĭi, n., that which is received from an inheritance before the general distribution of the property: sestertium quingenties cum praecipuum inter legatarios habuisset,Suet. Galb. 5.Transf., like eximius, special, chief, principal, excellent, distinguished, extraordinary: hic homo'st hominum omnium praecipuos,Plaut. Trin. 5, 1, 1: opera praecipua, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 9, 2: jus,Cic. Imp. Pomp. 19, 58: quos praecipuo semper honore Caesar habuit, Caes. B. G. 5, 52: natura ingenerat praecipuum quendam amorem in eos, qui procreati sunt,Cic. Off. 1, 4, 12: Cicero praecipuus in eloquentiā vir,Quint. 6, 3, 3; cf.: praecipuus scientiā rei militaris,Tac. A. 12, 40: vir praecipuus corpore viribusque,Plin. 7, 48, 49, § 154: mox praecipuus cui secreta imperatorum inniterentur (the first), Tac. A. 3, 30. Absol.: ex quibus praecipuos attingemus,Quint. 8, 3, 89: ponendus inter praecipuos,id. 10, 1, 116. With gen.: philosophorum Platonem esse praecipuum,Quint. 10, 1, 81: praecipui amicorum,Tac. A. 15, 56 fin.: remedia calculo humano,Plin. 11, 49, 109, § 261: herba dentibus,id. 25, 13, 107, § 170; cf.: herba ad serpentium ictus,id. 8, 27, 41, § 97. Subst.: praecĭpŭum, i, n., excellence, superiority: homini praecipui a naturā nihil datum esse,Cic. Fin. 2, 33, 110. Plur.: praecĭpŭa, ōrum, n. In gen., matters of special importance: duo statim praecipua ex imperatoriā mente monstravit,Vop. Aur. 23, 1: principum diversam esse sortem, quibus praecipua rerum ad famam dirigenda,Tac. A. 4, 40. Points of superiority, of excellence: aurigarum equorumque praecipua vel delicta,Amm. 14, 6, 25. Esp., in the philos. lang. of the Stoics, principal or considerable things, things that come next to absolute good, the Gr. προηγμένα, Cic. Fin. 3, 16, 52 (v. the passage in connection). Hence, adv.: praecĭpŭē, chiefly, principally, eminently (class.; cf.: inprimis, maxime, potissimum, praesertim),Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 31: praecipue de consularibus disputare,Cic. Sull. 29, 82: praecipue florere,id. de Or. 1, 8, 30: semper Aeduorum civitati praecipue indulserat,Caes. B. G. 7, 40; id. B. C. 3, 68: rationem praestat praecipue analogia,Quint. 1, 6, 1: praecipue quidem apud Ciceronem,id. 1, 8, 11: fortasse ubique, in narratione tamen praecipue,id. 10, 1, 51: inferioribus praecipueque adulescentulis parcere decet,id. 11, 1, 68: praecipue sanus,Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 108: quos praecipue fugiam,Juv. 3, 59: vivendum recte est cum propter plurima, tum his praecipue causis,id. 9, 119.Transf., = praesertim, especially, particularly (poet. and postAug.): sed perlectus liber utique ex integro resumendus, praecipueque oratio,Quint. 10, 1, 20: ostendunt admirabilem praecipue in aetate illā recti generis voluntatem,id. 10, 1, 89: pantheres, leones non attingunt perunctos eo, praecipue si et alium fuerit incoctum,Plin. 29, 4, 25, § 78; 29, 4, 34, § 107. So with cum: sedulitas stulte urget, Praecipue cum se numeris commendat,Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 261; Quint. 9, 2, 85; Plin. Ep. 3, 10, 4.
praecise praecīsē, adv., v. praecido, P. a. fin.
praecisio praecīsĭo, ōnis, f.praecido. A cutting off (post - Aug.): genitalium,App. M. 1, p. 106, 12.Transf., concr., the piece cut off, a cut, cutting: tignorum,Vitr. 4, 2; absol., id. 5, 7. In rhetoric, a breaking off abruptly, = ἀποσιώπησις, Auct. Her. 4, 30, 41.An overreaching (late Lat.): finis praecisionis tuae,Vulg. Jer. 51, 13.
,Hor. S. 2, 5, 46. Of medicines that operate well, excellent, efficacious, etc.: rubrica in medicinā res praeclara habetur,Plin. 35, 6, 14, § 33; 20, 7, 26, § 61; 27, 4, 14, § 31; cf. usus,id. 23, 3, 36, § 73: utilitas,id. 22, 24, 51, § 110. Ironically: illa praeclara tua patientia famis,Cic. Cat. 1, 10, 26; cf.: praeclaram populo Romano refers gratiam,id. ib. 1, 11, 28. In a bad sense, noted, notorious: sceleribus suis ferox atque praeclarus,Sall. J. 14, 21. With gen.: T. Livius, eloquentiae ac fidei praeclarus in primis,Tac. A. 4, 34. Hence, adv., in two forms, praeclare and praeclariter. Form praeclārē. Very clearly, very plainly: praeclare aliquid explicare,Cic. Ac. 1, 9, 33: praeclare intellego,id. Fam. 13, 7, 1: praeclare memini,id. ib. 4, 7, 2: invenire,Plin. Ep. 3, 13, 3: praeclare et apposite et facete scribere,Gell. 2, 23, 11.Excellently, admirably, very well: praeclare nobiscum actum iri, si, etc.,Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 4, § 9; cf.: omnino praeclare te habes, cum, etc.,id. ib. 2, 2, 61, § 149: simulacrum praeclare factum e marmore,id. ib. 2, 4, 44, § 96: praeclare facitis, qui, etc.,id. Phil. 3, 10, 25: praeclare dicere aliquid,id. Rosc. Am. 13, 37: gerere negotium,id. Rosc. Com. 10, 34: praeclarissime aliquid facere,id. Mil. 35, 96. Of medicines that operate well, excellently, efficaciously, etc.: radix caeliacis praeclare facit,Plin. 22, 19, 22, § 48; 26, 15, 90, § 161; 29, 4, 25, § 78; 32, 4, 14, § 35. As an expression of assent: pacem vult M. Lepidus: praeclare, si, etc.,
very good
,
very well
,Cic. Phil. 13, 4, 8 sq. Form prae-clārĭter, excellently: rebus praeclariter gestis, Quadrig. ap. Non. 516, 12; Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 1010 P. (Enn. p. 180 Vahl.).
praeclavium praeclāvĭum, ĭi, n.prae-clavus, the part of the dress before the purple stripe, Afran. ap. Non. 64, 22 sq.
praecludo prae-clūdo, si, sum, 3, v. a.claudo, to shut in front, hence, in gen., to shut to, to close (class.). Lit.: portas praeclusit,Caes. B. C. 2, 19 fin.: praecludere portas consuli,id. ib. 3, 12: fores,Prop. 2, 4 (5), 21: portus classi,Luc. 9, 39: horrea,Suet. Calig. 26 fin.: via lapidum ruinā praeclusa,
blocked up
,Suet. Oth. 8 fin. Transf., with a personal object: praeclusit cunctos negotiatores,i. e.
praeclueo prae-clŭĕo, ēre, v. n., to be very famous or renowned (post-class.): qui in vetustā praecluent comoediā,Ter. Maur. p. 2433 P.: praecluens potestas,Prud. Cath. 4, 37. In the collat. form praeclŭo, ĕre, v. n.: vos, qui ex ubertate terrae praecluatis,Jul. Val. Rer. Gest. Alex. M. 1, 38 Mai.
praecluis praeclŭis, e, adj.prae-cluo, clueo, very celebrated (post-class.): liberi,Mart. Cap. 1, § 3; 1, § 24: conventus,id. 9, § 906.
praecluo praeclŭo, ĕre, v. praeclueo.
praeclusio praeclūsĭo, ōnis, f.praecludo, a shuting or damming up, a reservoir (postAug.): aquarum,Vitr. 9, 9 med.
praeclusor praeclūsor, ōris, m.id., one that shuts up; trop., a hinderer, precluder (postclass.): legis,
who impedes an understanding of the law
,Tert. adv. Marc. 4, 27 fin.
praeclusus praeclūsus, a, um, Part., v. praecludo.
praeco praeco, ōnis (old dat, PRAECONEI, Inscr. Lat. 202, 2, 34), m., a crier, herald, in a court of justice, in popular assemblies, at auctions, at public spectacles, games, or processions, etc.: exsurge, praeco, fac populo audientiam, Enn. ap. Plaut. Poen. prol. 11 (Trag. v. 32 Vahl.); Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 30, § 76; id. Quint. 3, 11; Varr. L. L. 6, §§ 86 and 87 Müll.: haec per praeconem vendidit,Cic. N. D. 3, 34, 84: in eopse astas lapide, ut praeco praedicat,
praecognitor praecognĭtŏr, ōris, m.id., he who knows beforehand, Ambros. de Fide, 2, prol. 14.
praecognosco prae-cognosco, no perf., gnĭtum, 3, v. a., to foreknow, foresee (very rare): praecognito nostro adventu, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 15, 4: mors praecognita est,Suet. Aug. 97: Christus praecognitus ante mundi constitutionem,Vulg. 1 Pet. 1, 20: haec enim praecognita, Boëth. Consol. Phil. 5, 4.
praecolo prae-cŏlo, no perf., cultum, 3, v. a.To cultivate beforehand, trop.: animi habitus, ad virtutem quasi praeculti et praeparati,Cic. Part. 23, 80.To honor, esteem, revere beforehand: nova et ancipitia (i. e. ante tempus opportunum colere),Tac. A. 14, 22. Hence, praecŭltus, a, um, P. a. (acc. to I.), highly ornamented (postAug.): tunc donis sacro praeculta auro,Stat. Th. 2, 298: genus eloquentiae praecultum,Quint. 11, 1, 31.
praecommodo prae-commŏdo, āre, v. a., to advance as a loan, to give as a favor (post-class.): quingentos solidos, Cod. Th. 14, 27, 2: linguam, Coripp. Laud. Just. 1, 7.
praecommoveo prae-commŏvĕo, ēre, v. a., to move greatly: liberos,Sen. Thyest. 302.
praecompositus prae-compŏsĭtus, a, um, Part. [compono], composed or prepared beforehand: praecomposito ore,Ov. F. 6, 674.
praeconcinnatus prae -concinnātus, a, um, Part. [concinno], arranged or prepared beforehand (post-class.): praeconcinnato mendacio fallens maritum,App. M. 5, p. 170, 34.
praecondio prae-condĭo, īre, v. a., to season beforehand (post-class.): leporem,Apic. 8, 8 med.
praeconditus prae-condĭtus, a, um, Part [condo], prearranged (late Lat.): praeconditis causis,Aug. Gen. ad Lit. 6, 28.
praeconialis praecōnĭālis, e, adj.praeconnius, to be praised or commended, that which ought to be honored: viri,Cassiod. Var. 9, 25: pietati vestrae praeconiale est diligere,id. ib. 8, 1. Hence, adv.: praecōnĭālĭter, honorably, Cassiod. in Psa. 17.
praeconius praecōnĭus, a, um, adj.praeco, of or belonging to a praeco or public crier: quaestus, the office or business of a public crier, Cic. Quint. 31, 95.Subst: praecō-nĭum, ĭi, n.The office of a public crier: facere,
praeconor praecōnor, āri, v. dep. n. [praeco], to perform the office of public crier or herald, to herald, proclaim; to praise (post-class.), Interpr. Iren. 5: fama praeconans,Mart. Cap. 1, § 63; Arn. in Psa. 92 and 97.
praeconspicabilis prae-conspĭcābĭlis, e, adj.conspicor, very remarkable, wonderful (eccl. Lat.), Cassiod. in Psa. 96, 6.
praeconsumo prae-consūmo, no perf., sumptum, 3, v. a., to waste or spend beforehand (Ovid.): suas vires bello,Ov. M. 7, 489; id. Tr. 4, 6, 30.
praecontrecto prae-con-trecto, āre, v. a.tracto, to feel or handle beforehand, i. e. in thought: praecontrectare videndo,Ov. M. 6, 478.
praecoque praecŏquē, adv., and praecŏquis, e, adj., v. praecox.
praecordia praecordĭa, ōrum (sing. praecordium, Isid. 10, 102), n.prae - cor. Lit., the muscle which separates the heart and lungs from the abdomen, the midriff, diaphragm: exta homini ab inferiore viscerum parte separantur membrana, quae praecordia appellant, quia cordi praetenditur, quod Graeci appellaverunt φρένας, Plin. 11, 37, 77, § 197: (Plato) cupiditatem subter praecordia locavit,Cic. Tusc. 1, 10, 20: unius praecordia pressit senis,i. e.
praecorrumpo prae-corrumpo, no perf., ruptum, 3, v. a., to corrupt or bribe beforehand (Ovid.): aliquem donis,Ov. M. 14, 134: illa praecorrupta,id. ib. 9, 295.
praecox praecox, cŏcis, also praecŏquis, e, and praecŏquus, a, um, adj.praecoquo, ripe before its time, early ripe, rareripe, premature, precocious (syn. praematurus). Lit.: allium praecox,Plin. 19, 6, 34, § 112: rosa,id. 21, 4, 10, § 19: germinationes,id. 17, 2, 2, § 16: pira,Col. 5, 10: vites praecoquis fructus,id. 3, 2: ex unā praecoque vite,id. 3, 9: uvas praecoquas legere,id. 12, 37: arbores,
bearing fruit before their time
,Plin. 16, 27, 50, § 114: quando jam praecoquae uvae vesci possunt, when theearliest grapes are ripe, Vulg. Num. 13, 21. Transf.: loca, and subst.: prae-cŏcĭa, ĭum, n., places where fruits ripen early, Plin. 17, 11, 16, § 79; 18, 24, 54, § 197. Trop., over-hasty, premature, precocious, untimely (poet. and in post - Aug. prose; not in Cic.): pugna, Enn. ap. Non. 150, 16 (Ann. v. 282): ingeniorum velut praecox genus,Quint. 1, 3, 3: risus praecox,Plin. 7 prooem. 1, § 2: audacia,i. e.
praecrepo praecrĕpo, crĕpŭi, 1, v. n., to sound or resound beforehand: in domo patris praecrepuisse symphoniam,Ambros. in Psa. 118, 11, 26.
praecrudesco prae-crūdesco, crūdui, 3, v. inch. n., to grow very hard, Not. Tir. p. 81.
praeculco prae-culco, āre, v. a.calco, to impress strongly or beforehand (post-class.), Tert. Monog. 10.
praecultus praecultus, a, um, Part. and P. a., from praecolo.
praecupidus prae-cŭpĭdus, a, um, adj., very desirous or fond of any thing: pretiosae supellectilis praecupidus,Suet. Aug. 70.
praecuro prae-cūro, āre, v. a., to care for beforehand (post-class.): corpus,Cael. Aur. Acut. 2, 37: res suas,Tert. adv. Marc. 2, 29 fin.
praecurrentia praecurrentĭa, ĭum, n., v. praecurro fin.
praecurro prae-curro, cŭcurri (curri, Liv. 8, 30, 13 Weissenb.), cursum, 3, v. n. and a., to run before, hasten on before, precede (class.; cf.: antecedo, antevenio). Neutr.Lit.: eā ego huc praecucurri gratiā, ne, etc.,Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 110: propere praecucurrit,Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 11: praecucurrit index ad Persea,Liv. 40, 7, 7: praecurrunt equites,Caes. B. G. 6, 39: praecurrit ante omnes,id. B. C. 2, 34, 5: citius Petro,Vulg. Johan. 20, 4.Trop., to go on before, precede; to surpass, excel: eo fama jam praecucurrerat de proelio Dyrrhachino,Caes. B. C. 3, 80: ut certis rebus certa signa praecurrerent,
precede
,Cic. Div. 1, 52, 118; id. Ac. 1, 12, 45: alicui studio,id. Cat. 4, 9, 19; so, alicui,id. de Or. 3, 61, 230.Act. In gen., to hasten before a person or thing, to precede, go before, anticipate: illud praecurrere cogor, to combat in advance, * Lucr. 1, 371: aliquem aetate,Cic. Or. 52, 176: ita praecurrit amicitia judicium,id. Lael. 17, 62: nec appetitus rationem praecurrant,id. Off. 1, 29, 102. In partic., to surpass, excel in any quality: aliquem,Q. Cic. Petit. Cons. 7, 28: aliquem nobilitate,Nep. Thras. 1, 3: aliquem judicio,Tac. Or. 22. Hence, praecurrentĭa, ĭum, n. In rhetoric like antecedentia, things that go before, antecedents, Cic. de Or. 2, 39, 166: primordia rerum et quasi praecurrentia,id. Part. 2, 7. * Part. perf.: praecursus, a, um, having preceded: rumore praecurso,Amm. 18, 2, 1.
praecursator praecursātor, ōris, m.praecurro, an advanced guard (post-class. for praecursor): revocatis praecursatoribus,Amm. 16, 12, 8.
praecursio praecursĭo, ōnis, f.id., a coming or going before. * In gen.: sine praecursione visorum,
praecursor praecursor, ōris, m.id., one who runs before.A forerunner, precursor, of a servant, Plin. Pan. 76fin.; one who precedes on the same path, Lact. 6, 7, 3. Esp.,
praecursus praecursus, a, um, Part., from praecurro.
praecursus praecursus, ūs, m.praecurro, a forerunning, coming before, anticipation (post - Aug.): Etesiarum,Plin. 16, 25, 42, § 104: praecursu quodam gloriosae passionis,Ambros. in Luc. 5, 109.
praecutio prae-cŭtĭo, cussi, cussum, 3, v. a.quatio, to shake, wave, or brandish before or in front (poet.): taedas,Ov. M. 4, 757 (but in Prop. 4, 15, 16, the true reading is percutit).
praedamno prae-damno, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to condemn beforehand, to precondemn (not in Cic. or Cæs.). Lit.: praedamnatus collega,Liv. 4, 41 fin.: amicum,Suet. Aug. 56.Trop.: spem, i. e. to give it up or renounce beforehand, Liv. 27, 18, 8: se perpetuae infelicitatis,
praedaticius praedātīcĭus or -tĭus, a, um, adj.praedor, taken as booty or plunder (postclass.): pecunia,Gell. 13, 24, 28 (in Gell. 4, 18, 12, the better reading is praedatae).
praedatio praedātĭo, ōnis, f.id., a taking of booty, plundering, pillaging (post-Aug.). In plur.: latrociniis ac praedationibus infestato mari,Vell. 2, 73, 3; Tac. A. 12, 29. In sing., Lact. 5, 9; Vulg. Isa. 9, 5.
praedator praedātor, ōris, m.id., a plunderer, pillager.Lit. (class.): quos ego in eodem genere praedatorum direptorumque pono,Cic. Cat. 2, 9, 20: exercitus, praedator ex sociis,Sall. J. 44, 1.Transf.A hunter (poet.): praedator aprorum,Ov. M. 12, 306; Stat. Th. 4, 316. Transf.: corporis,i. e.
praedatrix praedātrix, īcis, f.praedator, she that plunders, pillages, robs (poet. and in post-class. prose): Herculei praedatrix cedat alumni, i. e. the nymph Dryope, who stole away Hylas, Stat. S. 1, 5, 22. Adj.: bestia,
a beast of prey
,Amm. 26, 6, 10: fera,id. 14, 2, 1; 14, 10, 1.
praedatum praedātum, i, n., v. praedor fin.
praedatus praedātus, a, um, v. praedor and praedo.
praedestinatio praedestĭnātĭo, ōnis, f.praedestino, a determining beforehand, predestination (eccl. Lat.), Boëth. Consol. Phil. 4; in the title of a book by Augustin.: De praedestinatione Sanctorum, et saep.
praedestino prae-destĭno, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to determine beforehand, to predestine (not ante-Aug.): triumphos,Liv. 45, 40 fin.: qui praedestinavit nos in adoptionem filiorum,Vulg. Eph. 1, 5: nuptiarum gaudia sibi, Auct. Paneg. ad Max. et Constant. 7: alicui trinam indolem,Prud. Cath. 12, 67; Augustin. Don. Persev. 21.To provide beforehand: cavea modico praedestinata pretio,App. M. 4, 15.
praedetermino prae-dētermĭno, āre, 1, v. a., to fix beforehand (late Lat.), Aug. Orat. p. 1126, t. 47 Migne.
praedexter prae-dexter, tĕra, tĕrum, adj., very skilful, Grat. Cyn. 67 (acc. to Barth, i. q. ambidexter, aequimanus).
praediator praedĭātor, ōris, m.praedium, a purchaser of mortgaged estates sold at auction, a dealer in landed estates, Cic. Att. 12, 14, 2; 12, 17: qui mercatur a populo praediator appellatur,Gai. Inst. 2, 61. Persons who followed this business were familiar with mercantile law, and were often consulted as lawyers, Cic. Balb. 20, 45; Dig. 23, 3, 54in lemm.: praediator, ὠνητὴς ὑπαρχόντων, Gloss. Philox.
praediatura praedĭātūra, ae, f.praedium, the purchase of estates at auction, Gai. Inst. 2, 61.
praediatus praedĭātus, a, um, adj.id.. Possessing landed properly (post-class.): bene praediatus,App. Flor. p. 349, 40. In gen., wealthy: in omnibus praediatus,Mart. Cap. 1, § 46.Who pledges his lands to the State: praediatus ὑπὲρ φόρου δήμου ἐνδεδεμένος, Gloss. Philox.
praedicabilis praedĭcābĭlis, e, adj.1. praedico, praiseworthy, laudable: aliquid praedicabile,Cic. Tusc. 5, 17, 49; Ambros. in Luc. 1, 15.
praedicamentum praedĭcāmentum, i, n.id., that which is predicated, a quality; in plur. = categoriae, Aug. Conf. 4, 6; id. Trin. 5, 8; Isid. 2, 16, 1.
praedicator praedĭcātor, ōris, m.1. praedico. In gen., one who makes a thing publicly known, a proclaimer, publisher, crier (postclass.), App. M. 6, p. 176, 4. In partic. One who publicly commends a thing, a praiser, eulogist (class.): beneficii,Cic. Balb. 2, 4: te ipso praedicatore ac teste,id. Fam. 1, 9, 6; Plin. Ep. 7, 33, 2. In eccl. Lat., a preacher, Tert. adv. Marc. 4, 28 med.: gentium (cf. Paul),Sulp. Sev. Ep. 1, 6; Vulg. 1 Tim. 2, 7.
praedicatrix praedĭcātrix, īcis, f.id., she that makes known (post-class.): summarum potestatum,Tert. Anim. 46.
praedico prae-dĭco, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.To cry in public, make known by crying in public, to publish, proclaim.Lit., of a public crier: ut praeco praedicat,Plaut. Bacch. 4, 7, 17: auctionem praedicem, ipse ut venditem,id. Stich. 1, 3, 41; cf.: si palam praeco praedicasset,Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 16, § 40; Cic. Quint. 15, 50; id. Off. 3, 13, 55; id. Fam. 5, 12, 8.Transf. In gen., to make publicly known, to announce, proclaim, to say, relate, state, declare (syn.: moneo, ante denuntio,Cic. Verr. 1, 12, 36; 1, 15, 43; class.): audes mihi praedicare id, Domi te esse?Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 11: vera praedico,id. ib. 3, 2, 20: aliam nunc mihi orationem despoliato praedicas, atque olim,
praedico prae-dīco, xi, ctum, 3, v. a., to say or mention before or beforehand, to premise. In gen. (mostly post-Aug.; cf. praefor),Ter. And. 4, 4, 54: hoc primum in hac re praedico tibi,id. ib. 1, 1, 19: Davus dudum praedixit mihi,id. ib. 5, 1, 21; 1, 2, 34; Quint. 4, 2, 57: tria, quae praediximus,
,id. Fam. 6, 6: aliquid,Sen. Q. N. 2, 32, 5: malum hoc nobis De caelo tactas memini praedicere quercus,Verg. E. 1, 17: hos luctus,id. A. 3, 713.To give notice or warning of, to appoint, fix (mostly post-Aug.), Naev. ap. Non. 197, 16: ubi praetor reo atque accusatoribus diem praedixisset,Tac. A. 2, 79: praedictā die,id. ib. 11, 27: insula Batavorum in quam convenirent praedicta,id. ib. 2, 6; cf. Plin. 10, 23, 31, § 61: praedicta hora,Suet. Claud. 8.To say what one should do, to advise, warn, admonish, inform, charge, command (class.; syn.: praecipio, moneo); usually constr. with ut or ne: Pompeius suis praedixerat, ut, etc.,Caes. B. C. 3, 92; Nep. Them. 7, 3; Liv. 2, 10, 4; 22, 60; 39, 19, 2: ei visam esse Junonem praedicere, ne id faceret,Cic. Div. 1, 24, 48; Liv. 10, 41: praedixit, ne destinatum iter peterent,Vell. 2, 82, 2; Tac. A. 13, 36; cf. in the abl. absol.: praedicto, ne in re publicā haberetur,id. ib. 16, 33. With acc.: unum illud tibi ... Praedicam,Verg. A. 3, 436; cf. with an obj.-clause: Mummius jussit praedici conducentibus, si eas (statuas) perdidissent, novas eos reddituros,Vell. 1, 13, 4; absol. of a physician, Curt. 3, 6, 3.To proclaim, announce at an auction, etc. (cf. 1. praedico, I. A.): si in auctione praedictum est, ne, etc.,Gai. Inst. 4, 126. Hence, praedictus, a, um, P. a., previously named, before mentioned, preceding: vicina praedictae sed amplior virtus est,Quint. 8, 3, 83: nomen,id. 9, 3, 66: posterior ex praedictis locus,id. 2, 4, 24; 10, 1, 74: simul pedes, eques, classis aput praedictum amnem convenere,Tac. A. 1, 60; Plin. 10, 23, 31, § 76. praedictum, i, n. (Acc. to II. A.) A foretelling, prediction (class.; syn. praesagium): Chaldaeorum praedicta,Cic. Div. 2, 42, 89: astrologorum,id. ib. 2, 42, 88: vatum,id. Leg. 2, 12, 30; Verg. A. 4, 464: haruspicis,Suet. Oth. 6; Plin. 2, 7, 5, § 24: deorum,Val. Fl. 4, 460. (Acc. to II. C.) An order, command (Livian): praedictum erat dictatoris ne quid absente eo rei gereret,Liv. 23, 19, 5.An agreement, concert: velut ex praedicto,Liv. 33, 6, 8.
praedirus prae-dīrus, a, um, adj., very frightful, detestable (post-class.): facta dictu visuque praedira,Amm. 31, 8: mulier, Poët. ap. Anth. Lat. 2, p. 329 Burm.
praedisco prae-disco, ĕre, v. a., to learn beforehand, make one's self acquainted with beforehand (rare but class.): aliquid,Cic. de Or. 1, 32, 147: ventos et varium caeli praediscere morem,Verg. G. 1, 51: sic ut praediscere possimus, utrum sit perseverans,Cael. Aur. Acut. 2, 18, 104.
praeditus prae-dĭtus, a, um, Part. [do]. Endowed, gifted, or provided with, possessed of something (above others) (freq. and class.; syn.: instructus, ornatus); constr. with abl.: legiones pulchris armis praeditas,Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 63: divino praedita sensu,Lucr. 5, 144: immortali sunt haec naturā praedita,id. 1, 236: parvis opibus ac facultatibus praeditus,Cic. Div. in Caecil. 21, 69: mundus praeditus animo et sensibus, id. N. D. 1, 8, 18: spe,Cic. Verr. 1, 3, 10: parvo metu,id. Tusc. 5, 14, 41: singulari cupiditate, audaciā, scelere,id. Div. in Caecil. 2, 6: praeditus levitate, egestate, perfidiā,id. Fl. 3: singulari immanitate et crudelitate,id. Sull. 3, 7: vitio grandi et perspicuo,id. Inv. 1, 47, 88. Of a deity, like praepositus, placed or set over, presiding over any thing (post-Aug.); constr. with dat.: deus ei rei praeditus, M. Aur. ap. Front. Ep. 3, 9 Mai: Mercurius nuntiis praeditus, Front. Eloqu. med.: Venus praedita optimati amori,App. Mag. p. 281 med.; id. de Deo Socr. p. 50.
praedium praedĭum, ĭi, n.for prae-hendium, from praehendo, v. prehendo, a farm, estate, a manor (either in town or country): praedibus et praediis populo cautum est,Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 54, § 142; 2, 1, 55, § 143: urbanum,id. ib. 2, 3, 86, § 199; Liv. 22, 60; Cato ap. Fest. s. v. quadrantal, p. 258 Müll.; Cic. Caecin. 4, 11: tot praedia, tam pulchra, tam fructuosa,id. Rosc. Am. 15, 43: habet in urbanis praediis,Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 86, § 109: hunc in praedia rustica relegarat,id. Rosc. Am. 15, 42: fructus praediorum,id. Att. 11, 2, 2; Mart. 12, 72, 3: natis dividere,Hor. S. 2, 3, 169: urbana praedia omnia aedificia accipimus, non solum ea, quae sunt in oppidis, sed et si forte stabula sunt, vel alia meritoria in villis et in vicis, vel si praetoria voluptati tantum deservientia, quia urbanum praedium non locus facit, sed materia,Dig. 50, 16, 198: praedia Appula,Juv. 9, 54: praedia tam urbana quam rustica,Gai. Inst. 1, 120: praedia principio insulae,Vulg. Act. 28, 7.
praedives prae-dīvĕs, ĭtis, adj., very rich, very plentiful (not in Cic. or Cæs.; opp. inops pecuniae),Liv. 45, 40: praedives et praepotens,Tac. A. 15, 64: Senecae praedivitis hortos,Juv. 10, 16: Licinus,id. 14, 306: praedivite cornu Auctumnum,Ov. M. 9, 91.
praedo praedo, ōnis, m.praeda, one that makes booty, a plunderer, robber (syn.: latro, raptor). Lit.: ita in aedibus sunt fures, praedo in proximo'st,Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 105: hostes sunt, quibus bellum publice populus Romanus decrevit, vel ipsi populo Romano. Ceteri latrunculi vel praedones appellantur,Dig. 49, 15, 24; Auct. Her. 2, 21, 33: urbes piratis praedonibusque patefactae,Cic. Verr. 1, 5, 13: ut praedones solent,id. ib. 2, 4, 9, § 21: nefarius,id. de Or. 3, 1, 3: praedones latronesque,Caes. B. C. 3, 110: maritimus,
a pirate
,Nep. Them. 2, 3; so alone: capiunt praedones navem illam,Plaut. Mil. 2, 1, 40: perfidus, alta petens, abductā virgine, praedo,Verg. A. 7, 362: praedo nuptiarum mearum, i. e. the murderer of my husband,App. M. 8, p. 207, 17: at neque Persephone digna est praedone marito, i. e. of Pluto, who had stolen her, Ov. F. 4, 591: alibi praedo, alibi praedae vindex, cadit,Liv. 38, 40.Transf., of drones, Col. 9, 15; of the hawk,Mart. 14, 116; of persons who turn to their own use the property of others,Dig. 5, 3, 25; 9, 4, 13.
praedoceo prae-dŏcĕo, cŭi, ctum, 2, v. a., to teach, instruct, inform beforehand (very rare): illi praedocti a duce arma mutaverant,Sall. J. 94, 1: praedoctus esto,Plin. 18, 34, 77, § 334: myrrheus Pulvis sepulcrum praedocet,
points out
,
shows
,Prud. Cath. 12, 72.
praedomo prae-dŏmo, ŭi, 1, v. a., to tame or subdue beforehand: omnes casus praedomuit meditando, mastered or surmounted beforehand, Sen. Ep. 113, 22.
praedonulus praedōnŭlus, i, m.id., a little robber, petty robber, Cato ap. Fest. p. 242 Müll.
praedopiont praedopĭont, praeoptant, Fest. p. 205 Müll. [praed-opio, ĕre, as the prim. form of opto; v. Fest. p. 204, a, Müll.].
praedor praedor, ātus, 1 (active collat. form, v.infrafin.), v. n. and a. [2. praedo]. Neutr., to make booty, to plunder, spoil, rob (in war and otherwise; class.; syn.: spolio, diripio): spes rapiendi atque praedandi,Cic. Phil. 4, 4, 9: licentia praedandi,Liv. 22, 3: praedantes milites,Caes. B. G. 7, 46 fin.: ex hereditate,Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 18, § 45; 2, 3, 3, § 6; 2, 3, 20, § 51: praedatum exire,Liv. 4, 55: necessitate inpositā ex alieno praedandi,id. 5, 5, 3: ex alienis fortunis,id. 6, 41, 11: ex necessitate alicujus,Lact. 6, 18, 8: ex agris finitimorum praedari,Just. 23, 1, 10: classis pluribus locis praedata,Tac. Agr. 29: de aratorum bonis praedari,Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 78, § 182: praedari in re frumentariā et in bonis aratorum,id. ib. 2, 3, 62, § 146; 2, 3, 88, § 204: in bonis alienis,id. ib. 2, 2, 19, § 46: omnibus in rebus,
upon every opportunity
,id. ib. 2, 1, 50, § 130: in insulis cultorum egentibus,Liv. 22, 31, 3: ex alterius inscientiā praedari,
to make use of another's ignorance to defraud him
,Cic. Off. 3, 17, 72: cum apud tuos Mamertinos inveniare improbissimā ratione esse praedatus,Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 1, § 3.Transf.: praedātus, a, um, that has made booty; hence, well furnished with booty (Plautinian): bene ego ab hoc praedatus ibo,Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 39; id. Rud. 5, 2, 29; id. Pers. 4, 4, 115.Act., to plunder, pillage, rob any thing (rare before the Aug. period). Lit.: pastorum stabula,Cic. Sest. 5, 13 Halm N. cr.; B. and K.; dub. (al. praeclara cepisset): dum socios magis quam hostes praedatur,Tac. A. 12, 49: arces Cecropis,Val. Fl. 5, 647: maria,Lact. 5, 9 med.; 7, 17, 9: bona vivorum et mortuorum,Suet. Dom. 12 (but cf. Roth ad loc.): Hylam Nympha praedata,Petr. 83.Transf., to take or catch animals, birds, etc.: alia dentibus praedantur, alia unguibus,Plin. 10, 71, 91, § 196: ovem,Ov. A. A. 3, 419: pisces calamo praedabor,Prop. 4 (5), 2, 37.Trop., to rob, ravish, take (poet.): amores alicujus,
,id. Am. 1, 3, 1: singula de nobis anni praedantur euntes,Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 55: dapes,
to consume
,Val. Fl. 4, 429.!*? Act. collat. form praedo, āre: praedavit omnes filios Tharsis,Vulg. Jud. 2, 13; 16; Prisc. p. 799 P. Hence, prae-dor, āri, in a pass. signif. (ante- and post-class.): mihi istaec videtur praeda praedatum irier,Plaut. Rud. 4, 7, 16: terra direptione praedabitur,Vulg. Isa. 24, 3: pecuniae praedatae,Gell. 4, 18, 12. As subst.: praedātum, i, n., that which has been obtained by plunder, booty, Vop. Prob. 8, 3.
praeemineo prae-ēmĭnĕo (praem-), ēre, v. n. and a., to project forwards, be prominent.Lit. (post-class.), Aug. Conf. 6, 9; Sall. H. Fragm. 2, 85: praeeminentes oculi,Dig. 21, 1, 12 (al. eminentes).Trop., to surpass, excel (post-Aug. for emineo, excello, praesto, etc.); constr. with dat. and acc.: qui Graecis praeeminet,Sen. Contr. 1, 4, 12 (dub. Burs. Graecos): genitis, Aus. Caes. n. 15: Cassius ceteros praeeminebat peritiā legum,Tac. A. 12, 12: appellatione aliqua cetera imperia praemineret,id. ib. 3, 56; 12, 33; 15, 34.
praeemptor prae-emptor, ōris, m.emo, one who purchases before others, a pre-emptor: προαγοραστής, praeemptor, Gloss. Gr. Lat.
praeeo prae-ĕo (sometimes written in inscrr. with one e, PRAERAT, etc.), īvi and ĭi, ĭtum, īre, v. n. and a., to go before, lead the way, precede (syn.: praegredior, antecedo). Lit.Neutr.: ut consulibus lictores praeirent,Cic. Rep. 2, 31, 55: domino praeire,Stat. Th. 6, 519: Laevinus Romam praeivit,Liv. 26, 27 fin.: praetor dictus, qui praeiret jure et exercitu,Varr. L. L. 5, § 80 Müll.; cf.: in re militari praetor dictus, qui praeiret exercitui,id. ib. 5, 16, § 87 ib.: praeeunte carinā,Verg. A. 5, 186; Ov. F. 1, 81.Act.: per avia ac derupta praeibat eum,Tac. A. 6, 21: ludos Circenses eburna effigies (Germanici) praeiret,id. ib. 2, 83.Trop. In gen., to go before, precede (rare but class.). Neutr.: naturā praeeunte,Cic. Fin. 5, 21, 58.Act.: acto raptim agmine, ut famam sui praeiret,
to outstrip
,Tac. A. 15, 4. In partic., a relig. and publicist's t. t., to precede one in reciting a formula (as of prayer, consecration, an oath, etc.), i. e. to repeat first, to dictate any thing (the predom. signif. of the word); constr. most freq. with aliquid (alicui), and less freq. with verbis, voce, or absol.Aliquid (alicui): praei verba, quibus me pro legionibus devoveam,Liv. 8, 9, 4: aedem Concordiae dedicavit, coactusque pontifex maximus verba praeire,
,Plin. 28, 2, 3, § 12: ades, Luculle, Servili, dum dedico domum Ciceronis, ut mihi praeeatis,Cic. Dom. 52, 133.Transf., apart from technical lang., to recite, read, sing, or play before one (rare but class.): ut vobis voce praeirent, quid judicaretis,Cic. Mil. 2, 3: si legentibus singulis praeire semper ipsi velint,
wish to read before
,Quint. 2, 5, 3; 1, 2, 12; and: praeeunte aliquā jucundā voce,id. 1, 10, 16: tibiam Caio Graccho cum populo agenti praeisse ac praemonstrasse modulos ferunt,Gell. 1, 11, 10. In partic., to lead the way, by orders, directions, precepts: omnia, uti decemviri praeierunt, facta,Liv. 43, 13 fin. (cf. praefor): si de omni quoque officio judicis praeire tibi me vis,Gell. 14, 2, 12. Hence, praeiens, Part., going before; as subst.: praeiens, euntis, m., he who precedes another, as a precentor or leader: lectio non omnis nec semper praeeunte eget,Quint. 1, 2, 12.
praeesus praeēsus, a, um, Part. [prae-edo], eaten before, Not. Tir. p. 166.
praeexercitamentum prae-exercĭtāmentum, i, n., a previous or preparatory exercise (postclass.), as a transl. of the Gr. προγυμνάσματα, Prisc. p. 1329 P.
praefacilis prae-făcĭlis, e, adj., very easy, Not. Tir. p. 51.
praefatio praefātĭo, ōnis, f.praefor, a saying beforehand; concr., That which is said or repeated beforehand, a form of words (esp. relig. or jurid.), formula: praefatio donationis,Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 80, § 186: sacrorum,Liv. 45, 5, 4: ultionis,Val. Max. 6, 3, 1: triumphi,Plin. 7, 26, 27, § 98.A preliminary hearing, an introductory address (law t. t.), Dig. 45, 1, 134.That which precedes a discourse or writing, a preface, prologue (post-Aug.): vocabula rustica aut externa cum honoris praefatione ponenda, saying, by your leave, Plin. praef. § 13: numquam tristiorem sententiam sine praefatione clementiae pronunciavit,Suet. Dom. 11: C. Cassius numquam sine praefatione publici parricidii nominandus,Val. Max. 2, 8, 8: jucundissime Imperator (sit enim haec tui praefatio verissima), qs. appellation, title, Plin. praef. § 1: nullā praefatione factā judici rem exponere,
praefatiuncula praefātĭuncŭla, ae, f.dim.praefatio, a short preface or opening (late Lat.), Hier. Ep. 64, n. 8; 112, n. 20.
praefatum praefātum, i, n., v. praefor fin.
praefatus praefātus, a, um, v. praefor fin.
praefatus praefātus, ūs, m.praefor, a saying beforehand, a prediction (post-class.), Symm. Ep. 10, 22.
praefectianus praefectĭānus, a, um, adj.praefectus, of or belonging to the prœtorian prefect (post-class.): apparitor,Amm. 17, 3, 6; also subst.: praefectĭānus, i, m., Cod. Just. 12, 53, 2; 3.
praefectio praefectĭo, ōnis, f.praeficio, a setting before: a praefectione praefica dicta,Varr. L. L. 7, § 70 Müll.
praefectorius praefectōrĭus, a, um, adj.praefectus, of or belonging to a prefect: vir,
an ex-prefect
,Dig. 1, 9, 1; also subst.: prae-fectōrĭus, ii, m., Sid. Ep. 1, 11.
praefectura praefectūra, ae (dat. plur. PRAEFECTVREIS, Inscr. Corp. Lat. 206, 83), f.id., the office of a president or overseer, a presidency, superintendence, prefecture. In gen.: villae,Varr. R. R. 1, 17 fin.; cf. Plaut. Cas. 1, 11 (infra, B. 2. b.): morum, the superintendence of the public morals (a part of the duty of the censor), Suet. Caes. 76: hanc de se praefecturam servo dare,Plin. 28, 5, 14, § 56: equitum Gallorum,
the command of the cavalry
,Hirt. B. G. 8, 12: alarum,Suet. Aug. 38: urbis,Plin. 7, 14, 12, § 62; Suet. Aug. 37; id. Tib. 42; id. Vesp. 1; Dig. 1, 12, 1 (al. Urbi): praetorio,Aur. Vict. Caes. 9, 11: praefectura domūs Siculā non mitior aulā,Juv. 6, 486. In partic. In milit. lang., the office of commander or governor in the provinces, the government of a country or town (which was conferred by the proconsuls and proprætors), a prefectship, prefecture: praefecturas sumere,Cic. Att. 6, 1, 4; cf.: praefecturam petivit: negavi me cuiquam negotianti dare,id. ib. 5, 21, 10: multorum consulum praetorumque praefecturas delatas sic accepit, ut, etc.,Nep. Att. 6, 4.The administration of a province: aliquem ad praefecturam Aegypti provehere, Suet. Aug. 66: Aegypti,id. Ner. 47. Hence, Transf.An Italian city governed by Roman authorities (praefecti) and according to their edicts, a prefecture: praefecturae eae appellabantur in Italiā, in quibus et jus dicebatur et nundinae agebantur, et erat quaedam earum res publica, neque tamen magistratus suos habebant, in quas legibus praefecti mittebantur quotannis qui jus dicerent, etc.,Fest. p. 233 Müll.; Cic. Sest. 14, 32; id. Pis. 22, 51; id. Phil. 2, 24, 58: Capua in formam praefecturae redacta,Vell. 2, 44, 4; cf. Liv. 26, 16; Inscr. Orell. 3699.The territory of a prefecture, a district, province, government (anteclass. and post-Aug.): quin ruri es in praefecturā tuā? ... abi rus, abi directus tuam in provinciam,Plaut. Cas. 1, 11 and 15: nunc ibo in meam praefecturam, ut jus dicam lardo,id. Capt. 4, 3, 7: Aegyptus dividitur in praefecturas oppidorum, quas nomos vocant,Plin. 5, 9, 9, § 49: proximae praefecturae,Tac. A. 11, 8: praefecturae magis quam imperia, Front. Princ. Hist. med. In the agrimensores, the land allotted to a colony, Sicul. Flacc. Condit. Agr. p. 21 Goes.; Front. Limit. p. 43 ib.; Aggen. ap. Front. p. 56 ib.
praefectus praefectus, a, um, Part., from praeficio.
praefectus praefectus, i, m., v. praeficio fin.
praefecundus prae-fēcundus, a, um, adj., very fruitful (post-Aug.), Plin. 16, 17, 51, § 118.
praefericulum praefĕrĭcŭlum, i, n.praefero, a broad brazen dish used at sacrifices: praefericulum vas aëneum sine ansā patens summum, velut pelvis, quo ad sacrificia utebantur, Paul. ex Fest. p. 248 Müll. (whether at the sacrifices in honor of Ops cannot be determined, on account of the mutilated state of the words relating to it in Fest. p. 249, b).
,Liv. 5, 26. In partic., to carry in front, to bear along in public, and esp. in religious and triumphal processions: signa militaria praelata,Liv. 3, 29; 31, 49: Pontico triumpho trium verborum praetulit titulum: veni, vidi, vici,Suet. Caes. 37: statuam Circensi pompā,id. Tit. 2.Trop. In gen., to carry before, to place or set before, to offer, present (very rare): clarissimum lumen praetulistis menti meae,Cic. Sull. 14, 40: suam vitam, ut legem, praefert suis legibus, to carry one's life before, let it shine before as a guiding law (the image is borrowed from the bearing of torches before a thing), id. Rep. 1, 34, 52 Mos.: apud consulem causam atque excusationem, to offer as a cause, as an excuse, Sisenn. ap. Non. 58, 17. In partic. To place a person or thing before another in esteem, to prefer (very freq.): quem cui nostrum non saepe praetulit?Cic. Att. 9, 13, 8; so, aliquem alicui,id. Brut. 26, 101: se alicui,id. de Or. 2, 84, 342; Caes. B. G. 2, 27, 2; cf.: virtute belli praeferri omnibus nationibus,id. ib. 5, 54, 5: pecuniam amicitiae,Cic. Lael. 17, 63: jus majestatis atque imperii ipsi naturae patrioque amori, id Fin. 1, 7, 23: vestram voluntatem meis omnibus commodis et rationibus,id. Imp. Pomp. 24, 71: ergo ille ... ipsis est praeferendus doctoribus ... Equidem quemadmodum urbes magnas viculis et castellis praeferendas puto, sic, etc.,id. Rep. 1, 2, 3: Brutus cuilibet ducum praeferendus,Vell. 2, 69, 3: puellam puellis,Ov. M. 4, 56; Plin. 15, 23, 25, § 94: hoc pueris patriaeque,Juv. 6, 111: animam praeferre pudori, id. 8, 83. With an object-clause, to choose rather, prefer: cur alter fratrum cessare et ludere et ungi Praeferat Herodis palmetis pinguibus,Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 184: ut multi praetulerint carere Penatibus,Col. 1, 3. With ref. to time, to take beforehand, to anticipate (very rare; not in Cic.): diem triumphi,Liv. 39, 5, 12: nec bonus Eurytion praelato invidit honori,Verg. A. 5, 541; cf.: praelato die, Form. Praet. ap. Dig. 2, 13, 1; 48, 10, 28; cf. opem,
praefertilis prae-fertĭlis, e, adj., very fruitful or fertile (post-class.): germen, Prud. adv Symm. 2, 1025: terrae ubere,Alcim. 5, 119.
praefervidus prae-fervĭdus, a, um, adj., very hot, burning hot, torrid (in prose not anteAug.). Lit.: fulgor, Att. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 1, 42 (Trag. Rel. p. 188 Rib.): regio,Col. 3, 1, 3: balneum,Tac. A. 14, 64.Trop.: ira,
praefestinatim praefestīnātim, adv.praefestino, very hurriedly, in hot haste, very hastily: praefestinatim et cupide, Sisenn. ap. Non. 161, 29.
praefestino prae-festīno, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.To hasten before the time, to hasten too much (rare; not in Cic. or Cæs.): praefestinare praeloqui,Plaut. Rud. 1, 2, 31: sciscere, quae sit causa, Afran. ap. Charis. p. 186 P. (Com. Rel. p. 182 Rib.): ne deficere praefestinarent,Liv. 23, 14 fin.: praefestinatum opus,Col. 11, 2, 3.To hasten past: sinum,Tac. A. 5, 10.
praefica praefĭca, ae, f.praeficio, a woman hired to lament at the head of a funeral procession: praefica dicta, ut Aurelius scribit, mulier, ad luctum quae conduceretur, quae ante domum mortui laudes ejus caneret ... Claudius scribit: quae praeficeretur ancillis quemadmodum lamentarentur, praefica est dicta. Utrumque ostendit a praefectione praeficam dictum,Varr. L. L. 7, § 70 Müll.; Lucil., and Varr. ap. Non. 66, 31 sq.: superaboque omnes argutando praeficas, Plaut. ib.: sine virtute argutum civem mihi habeam pro praeficā,id. Truc. 2, 6, 14. In apposition: tamquam mulierum voces praeficarum,Gell. 18, 7, 3.
praeficio prae-fĭcĭo, fēci, fectum, 3, v. a.facio, to set over any thing (as officer, superintendent, leader, etc.), to place in authority over, place at the head, appoint to the command of.Lit. (freq. and class.; cf.: praepono, praefero): te cum securi caudicali praeficio provinciae,Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 25: praefeci rure recte qui curet tamen,id. Cas. 1, 1, 17: aliquem pecori,Cic. Planc. 25, 62: certum magistratum alicui procurationi,id. Leg. 2, 26, 66: imperatorem bello,id. Imp. Pomp. 16, 49: tantis rebus,id. ib. 10, 27: legatos legionibus,Caes. B. G. 5, 24: pontifices sacris,Cic. Rep. 2, 14, 26: aliquem sacerdotio Neptuni,Plin. 9, 8, 8, § 27: libertos rationibus, libellis et epistulis,Tac. A. 6, 8: aliquem provinciae,id. ib. 13, 46; 2, 4: aliquem classi,Nep. Milt. 4, 1; Liv. 35, 42 et saep.: lucis Avernis,Verg. A. 6, 118: Juno sacris praefecta maritis,Ov. H. 12, 87: in eo exercitu inimici mei fratrem praefecerat,
had given him a command
,Cic. Sest. 18, 41. Trop., to set over, etc. (rare): nec locus nec materia invenitur, cui divinationem praeficere possimus, Cic. Div. 2, 4, 12. Hence, as subst.: praefectus, i, m., an overseer, director, president, chief, commander, prefect. In gen.: gumnasi praefecto poenas pendere,Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 22: villae,Varr. R. R. 1, 17 fin.: tu (censor) es praefectus moribus,Cic. Clu. 46, 129; cf.: praefectus morum,Nep. Hamilc. 3, 2: nec vero mulieribus praefectus praeponatur,Cic. Rep. 4, 6, 16 (Non. 499, 13); cf. Plaut. Aul. 3, 5, 30: cum praefectus custodum quaesisset, etc.,Nep. Eum. 11, 1: his utitur quasi praefectis libidinum suarum,Cic. Red. in Sen. 6, 15. In partic., as a title of particular civil or military officers, a president, superintendent, commander, governor, etc.: praefectus aerarii or aerario,
,Tac. A. 1, 24; id. H. 1, 13; 19; Dig. 1, 11 et saep.; in later times, a governor of a province of the Roman empire: praefectus urbi or urbis, governor of the city of Rome, in the times of the republic, appointed only to represent the consul during the latter's absence; under the emperors, a perpetual office with a particular jurisdiction, Varr. ap. Gell. 14, 7; Tac. A. 6, 10; 11; Plin. 11, 38, 90, § 223; Suet. Aug. 33; Inscr. Orell. 3153 sq.: vigilum or vigilibus,
praefidens prae-fīdens, entis, Part. [fido], trusting too much, over-confident (rare but class.): exsultantem te et praefidentem tibi Repriment legum habenae, self-confident, rash, Poët. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 41, 166; so, homines sibi praefidentes,Cic. Off. 1, 26, 90. Adv.: praefīdenter, too confidently (late Lat.); comp.: praefidentius,Aug. Ep. 55.
praefigo prae-fīgo, xi, xum, 3, v. a., to fix or fasten before, to set up in front, to fix on the end or extremity of.Lit. (class., but not in Cic.): ripa erat acutis sudibus praefixis munita,Caes. B. G. 5, 18; so, praefigere aëneos cancellos foraminibus,Col. 8, 17, 6: arma puppibus,Verg. A. 10, 80: in hastis Praefigunt capita,id. ib. 9, 466; cf.: vexillum in biremis puppe,Suet. Calig. 15: rostrum lupi villarum portis,Plin. 28, 10, 44, § 157: caput hastae,Suet. Caes. 85. Poet.: nigrum theta (i. e. Θ, as a sign of death on Roman inscriptions) vitio, to mark crime with the black theta, i. e. to condemn it, Pers. 4, 13.Transf., aliquid aliquā re.To tip, head, point, etc.: asseres cuspidibus praefixi,Caes. B. C. 2, 2: jacula praefixa ferro, Liv. 26, 4, 4: aere aut ferro praefixae hastae,Curt. 3, 2, 7: ferro praefixum robur acuto,Verg. A. 10, 479: ora capistris,
to muzzle
,id. G. 3, 399.To close, block up (post-Aug.): prospectus om nes,
praefiscine praefiscĭnē, praefiscĭni, and praefascĭni, adv.adverbial form from prae-fascinum; cf. Non. 153, 12; prop. in security against magic; cf. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 775 sq.; hence, meaning no evil, without offence, without vanity (mostly ante-class.): pol tu ad laudem addito praefiscini, ne puella fascinetur, Titin. ap. Charis. p. 210; Afran. ib.: praefiscini hoc nunc dixerim,Plaut. As. 2, 4, 84; id. Cas. 5, 2, 51: homo praefiscini frugi,Petr. 73, 6. Form praefascine, Plaut. Rud. 2, 5, 4; Gell. 10, 24, 8; Charis. p. 210 P.: praefascine dixerim,App. Flor. 3, 16, p. 356, 30 (cf. Hildeb. ad loc.).
praefletus praeflētus, a, um, v. perfletus.
praefloreo prae-flōrĕo, ēre, v. n., to flower or blossom before the time (post-Aug.), Plin. 16, 29, 51, § 119.
praefloro prae-flōro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.flos, to deprive of its blossoms beforehand; only trop. To lessen, diminish, tarnish (very rare, and perh. not ante-Aug.): gloriam ejus victoriae praefloratam apud Thermopylas esse,Liv. 37, 58 fin.; cf.: decus praecerptum praefloratumque,Plin. Pan. 58: gaudii fructum,Gell. 14, 1, 36.To deflower: vidua venit jam ab alio praeflorata,App. Mag. p. 332, 29.
praefoco prae-fōco, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.faux, to choke, strangle, suffocate (poet. and postclass. for suffoco): animae viam,Ov. Ib. 560: partum,Dig. 25, 3, 4: Jovem,Arn. 7, 29: messis praefocata,Calp. Ecl. 4, 115: ex abundantiā praefocari,Macr. Somn. Scip. 1, 12.
praefodio prae-fŏdĭo, fōdi, 3, v. a.To dig before or in front of: portas,Verg. A. 11, 473 (id est ante portas fossas faciunt, Serv.). With respect to time, to dig or bury before: scrobes,
praefoecundus praefoecundus, a, um, v. praefecundus.
praefomento prae-fōmento, āre, v. a., to warm or foment beforehand (post-class.): vulnera aquā gelidā,Theod. Prisc. 1, 19 med.
praefor prae-for, fātus, 1 (old imper. praefato, Cato, R. R. 134. 1: praefamino,id. ib. 141, 2; cf. Müll. ad Fest. p. 87, 10), v. dep. n. and a. In gen., to say or utter beforehand, to premise, preface: in parte operis mei licet mihi praefari, quod, etc.,Liv. 21, 1, 1; Col. 10, praef. 5; 12, 50, 7; Cels. 3, 1: praefatus, de summā se republicā acturum, having first announced by edict that, etc., Suet. Caes. 28: quae de deorum naturā praefati sumus, etc.,Cic. Univ. 10 fin.: cum praefatus fuero, quae, etc.,Col. 1 prooem. fin.; Gell. 9, 15, 4: sibi Asiam sufficere praefatus,Just. 11, 5, 5: arcana se et silenda afferre praefatus,Curt. 6, 7, 3: is cum praefatus esset, scire, etc.,id. 7, 4, 9; Liv. 43, 7, 7. Esp. In a relig. sense, to utter a preliminary prayer, to address in prayer beforehand: majores nostri omnibus rebus agendis Quod bonum, faustum, felix fortunatumque esset, praefabantur,Cic. Div. 1, 45, 102: pontifice maximo praefante carmen,Liv. 5, 41, 3: decemviri carminibus (abl.) praefarentur, should say beforehand ( = praeirent), id. 22, 1, 16 (v. Weissenb. ad h. l.): priusquam hasce fruges condantur ... ture, vino Jano, Jovi, Junoni praefato, offering wine and incense, say a prayer to Janus, etc., Cato, R. R. 134, 1. With the obj.-acc. of the deity: Janum Jovemque vino praefamino,id. ib. 141, 2: divos,Verg. A. 11, 301. Si dicimus, Ille patrem strangulavit, honorem non praefamur: sin de Aureliā aliquid aut Lolliā, honos praefandus est,
,App. M. 1 init.; id. Flor. init.To name or cite beforehand: Aristoteles, quem in iis magnā secuturus ex parte praefandum reor, to mention or name as an authority in advance, Plin. 8, 16, 17, § 43.To foretell, predict, prophesy (very rare), Cat. 64, 383. Hence, praefātus, a, um, in pass. signif., mentioned or stated before (post-class.): condemnatus ex praefatis causis,Dig. 20, 4, 12: jura,ib. 10, 3, 19: sic etiam nostro praefatus habebere libro, named at the beginning, Aus. praef. 2 fin.: sine honoribus praefatis appellare aliquid,
without saying
,
By your leave
,Arn. 5, 176: vir praefatā reverentiā nominandus,Vop. Aur. 1. Hence, subst.: praefātum, i, n., for praefatio, a preface: praefato opus est,Symm. Ep. 6, 3.praefandus, a, um, P. a., for which must be asked permission or indulgence; that requires apology: praefandi umoris e corpore effluvium,Plin. 7, 51, 52, § 171. Hence, subst.: praefanda, ōrum, n., foul expressions: in praefanda videmur incidere,Quint. 8, 3, 45.
praeformator praeformātor, ōris, m.praeformo, that forms or arranges beforehand (postclass.), Tert. Praescript. 30.
praeformido prae-formīdo, no perf., ātum, 1, v. a., to fear beforehand (post-Aug.), Quint. 4, 5, 5 Zumpt N. cr. (al. perform-, al. reform-), Sil. 3, 608.
praeformo prae-formo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to form or fashion beforehand, to instruct beforehand, to prepare, etc. (post-Aug.): his praeformat dictis,Sil. 7, 385; Tert. Apol. 1 fin.: velut praeformata materia,Quint. 2, 6, 5: praeformatae infantibus litterae,
praefringo prae-fringo, frēgi, fractum, 3, v. a.frango, to break off before or at the end, to break to pieces, shiver (class.): ne caulis praefringatur,Cato, R. R. 33 (cited by Plin. 17, 22, 35, § 20): hastas,Liv. 8, 10; so, primam aciem telo,
to break off the point of the missile
,Just. 6, 8, 2: cornu galeae,Liv. 27, 33: praefracto rostro (triremis),Caes. B. C. 2, 6: praefracta strigilis, Lucil. ap. Gell. 3, 14, 10: praefracta ligna,Lucr. 1, 892. Hence, praefractus, a, um, P. a. In rhet., broken, abrupt: Thucydides praefractior,Cic. Or. 13, 40. In character, stern, harsh, inflexible: Aristo Chius, praefractus, ferreus, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 155, 14: praefractior atque abscissior justitia,Val. Max. 6, 5 fin.: praefractius perseverantiae exemplum,
praefugio prae-fŭgĭo, fūgi, 3, v. n., to flee before (post-class.), Tert. Anim. 33 med.
praefulcio prae-fulcĭo, si, tum, 4, v. a.To prop up, support a thing. * Lit.: mollire praefultum torum, Prud. στεφ. 5, 335.Trop.: primum illud praefulci atque praemuni, quaeso, ut simus annui,
secure
,Cic. Att. 5, 13, 3: aliquid multis modis,Gell. 7, 3, 44: servitus, ubi ego omnibus Parvis magnisque miseriis praefulcior, qs. am propped up, i. e. surrounded, hedged in by, Plaut. Ps. 3, 1, 6.To place in front as a prop or stay; trop.: quin me suis negotiis praefulciat,
praefulgeo prae-fulgĕo, si, 2, v. n., to beam or shine forth, to shine greatly, to glitter before or in front of (rare before the Aug. per.). Lit.: nitor smaragdi collo praefulget tuo (sc. pavonis),Phaedr. 3, 18, 7: equus praefulgens unguibus aureis,Verg. A. 8, 553: equitatus phaleris praefulgens,Gell. 5, 5, 3.Trop.: ne splendore praefulgeant, shine or glitter too much, Auct. Her. 3, 19, 32: militarium (rerum) praefulgent nomina,Vell. 1, 14, 1: praefulgebant Cassius atque Brutus,Tac. A. 3, 76: Poppaeus Sabinus consulari decore praefulgens,id. ib. 13, 45: enituit et praefulsit decori et honesti dignitas,Gell. 12, 5, 7.
praefulgidus prae -fulgĭdus, a, um, adj., very bright: nubes caeli,Juvenc. in Matt. 3, 330, 18.
praefulguro prae-fulgŭro, āre, v. n. and a., to flash forth (poet.). Neutr.: latus praefulgurat ense,Stat. Th. 7, 502.Act.: strictoque vias praefulgurat ense,
praefultus praefultus, a, um, Part., from praefulcio.
praefundo prae-fundo, fūdi, 3, v. a., to pour out before or in addition to, to add by pouring (post-class.), Simplic. p. 87 Goes.: semine cucuminis praefuso,Cael. Aur. Tard. 5, 10, 124.To pour upon, to wet, sprinkle.Lit.: pileus vino Calido praefusus,Cael. Aur. Tard. 2, 7, 110. Fig.: votis praefusa supplicatio,Alcim. Ep. 8.
praefurnium praefurnĭum, i, n.prae-furnus. The opening of a furnace, the door by which fuel is admitted: si uno praefurnio coques,Cato, R. R. 38, 1.The heating-room, or hot anteroom of a bath, = προπνιγεῖον, Vitr. 5, 10, 2; 7, 10.
praefuro prae-fŭro, ĕre, v. n., to rage violently (poet.): torvus praefuris,Stat. Th. 2, 420; 4, 822.
praefuscus prae-fuscus, a, um, adj., very swarthy or black, Manil. 4, 721 dub.
praegaudeo prae-gaudĕo, ēre, to rejoice greatly; with inf.: Pelopis sedes adire,Sil. 15, 307.
praegeneratus prae-gĕnĕrātus, a, um, Part. [genero], generated before (late Lat.): Prosper Aquit. Epitaph. Haeres. Nestor. et Pelag. init.
praegermino prae-germĭno, āre, v. a., to bud forth early: praeflorent talia et praegerminant,Plin. 16, 29, 51, § 119.
praegero prae-gĕro, no perf., gestum, 3, v. a.To bear or carry before (post-class.): speculum,App. M. 4, p. 157, 5.To do before; only subst.: praegesta, ōrum, n., things done before, former things: oblivio praegestorum,Cael. Aur. Tard. 1, 5, n. 150.
praegnatio praegnātĭo, ōnis, f.praegnas, a getting with child or with young, a making pregnant; a being with child or with young, pregnancy (ante- and post-class.). Lit., App. M. 1, p. 106, 21. Of animals, Varr. R. R. 2, 1.Transf., of plants, Varr. R. R. 1, 44.Trop., the cause of fertility, the universal productiveness of nature: o naturarum omnium fecunda praegnatio,App. Trismeg. p. 101, 30.
praegravidus prae-grăvĭdus, a, um, adj., very heavy, ponderous (poet.): moles,Stat. Th. 6, 700.
praegravis prae-grăvis, e, adj., very heavy (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose). Lit.: praegrave onus,Ov. H. 9, 98: caput,Plin. 8, 21, 32, § 77: unda,Mart. 4, 18, 4: perdix feta praegravem aut delumbem esse simulans,
heavy
,
clumsy
,Plin. 10, 33, 51, § 103: praegravis corpore,Liv. 44, 4, 10: cibo vinoque praegraves,Tac. H. 2, 21.Trop., very heavy, oppressive, burdensome: praegraves pavonum greges, i. e. very expensive, Varr. ap. Non. 440, 14 (al. graves): tertium consulatum ut praegravem recusare,Plin. Pan. 57, 4: servitium,id. 7, 8, 6, § 46. Of persons, very wearisome (Tacitean): delatores,Tac. A. 4, 71: vir principi praegravis,id. ib. 11, 19; 14, 3.
praegravo prae-grăvo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to press heavily upon, to oppress with weight, to encumber (perh. not before the Aug. period). Lit.: exonerare praegravante turbā regnum cupiens,Liv. 5, 34: praegravata telis scuta,
,Col. 7, 6.Transf., to exceed in weight, preponderate: ne praegravet fructus parte aliquā,Plin. 17, 22, 35, § 184.Trop., to weigh down, depress: qui praegravat artes, Infra se positas, qs. presses them down by his own superiority, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 13.To preponderate: cito apparebit, pars civitatis deterior quanto praegravet,Sen. Clem. 1, 24, 1; Suet. Caes. 76.
praegustator praegustātor, ōris, m.praegusto, one who tastes the meats and drinks before they are served at the table of a prince, a foretaster, taster, cup-bearer.Lit., Suet. Claud. 44: DIVI AVGVSTI,Inscr. Grut. 602, 4; so ib. 582. With private persons, Inscr. Grut. 626, 2.Trop.: praegustator libidinum tuarum,Cic. Dom. 10, 25: in omnibus nuptiis praegustator,Lact. Mort. Pers. 38, 4.
praeiaceo prae-jăcĕo, ŭi, 2, v. n., to lie before, be situated in front of any thing (post-Aug.). With dat.: vastum mare praejacens Asiae,Plin. 4, 12, 24, § 75. With acc.: campus qui castra praejacet,Tac. A. 12, 36. Absol.: praejacentibus stagnis,Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 32.
praeiacio prae-jăcĭo, v. praeicio.
praeiactito praejactĭto, āre, v. freq. a., to boast excessively (late Lat.), Cassiod. in Psa. 36, 14.
praeiactus prae-jactus, a, um, Part., from praejacio.
praeicio prae-ĭcĭo (prae-jăcĭo or praejĭcĭo, Fest. s. v. pone, p. 249 Müll.), jēci, jactum, 3, v. a., to cast or throw up in front (post-Aug.). Lit.: moles,Col. 8, 17.Trop., to cast up, object, utter reproachfully: multis in contumeliam Graecorum praejactis probris, Dictys Cret. B. Troj. 2, 24.
praeiens prae-iens, euntis, Part., v. praeeo fin.
praeiicio prae-jĭcĭo, v. praeicio init.
praeinfundo prae-infundo, fūdi, fūsum, 3, v. a., to pour into beforehand (post-class.), Cael. Aur. Acut. 2, 34.
praeinnuo prae-innŭo, ĕre, v. a., to indicate beforehand, Varr. ap. Non. 91, 4 dub. (al. pertimuerint).
praeiudex prae-jūdex, ĭcis, m., one who judges beforehand: praejudex, προδικαστής, Gloss. Philox.
praeiudicatum praejūdĭcātum, i, n., v. praejudico, P. a. fin.
praeiudicatus praejūdĭcātus, a, um, Part. and P. a., from praejudico.
praeiudicialis praejūdĭcĭālis, e, adj.Belonging or according to a preceding judgment or decision (post-class.): multam, Cod. Th. 11, 30, 50; Symm. Ep. 10, 51.Of or belonging to a preceding examination: actiones ( = praejudicia),Just. Inst. 4, 6, 13: formulae,Gai. Inst. 4, 44, 94.
praeiudicium prae-jūdĭcĭum, ii, n.Lit., a preceding judgment, sentence, or decision, a precedent (class.): praejudiciorum vis omnis tribus in generibus versatur: rebus, quae aliquando ex paribus causis sunt judicatae, quae exempla rectius dicuntur: judiciis ad ipsam causam pertinentibus: unde etiam nomen ductum est: aut cum de eādem causā pronuntiatum est, etc.,Quint. 5, 2, 1: de quo non praejudicium, sed plane judicium jam factum putatur,Cic. Div. in Caecil. 4, 12 (praejudicium dicitur res, quae cum statuta fuerit, affert judicaturis exemplum, quod sequantur: judicium autem res, quae causam litemque determinat, Ascon.): apud eosdem judices reus est factus, cum is duobus praejudiciis jam damnatus esset,Cic. Clu. 22, 59: praejudicium a se de capite C. Verris per hoc judicium nolle fieri,Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 65, § 152; cf. id. Mur. 28, 60; id. Inv. 2, 20, 59 sq.: Cicero pro Milone non ante narravit, quam praejudiciis omnibus reum liberavit,
from all preceding judgments
,Quint. 6, 5, 10: postulavit, ne cognitioni Caesaris praejudicium fieret,
preceding judgment
,
precedent
,Plin. Ep. 7, 6, 6.Transf. Any thing that precedes another thing in such manner that we can judge or conclude from it what is further to happen, a precedent, example: Pompeius nullo proelio pulsus, vestri facti praejudicio demotus Italiā excessit, by the example of your conduct (which he feared would be imitated), Caes. B. C. 2, 32: an Africi belli praejudicia sequimini?id. ib.fin.: orabat ut se praejudicio juvarem,Plin. Ep. 5, 1, 2: statim quaestor ejus in praejudicium aliquot criminibus arreptus est,
as an example of what was to happen to himself
,Suet. Caes. 23.A damage, disadvantage, prejudice (post-class.): praejudicium in patrem quaeri,Sen. Ben. 4, 35, 2: absque praejudicio,Gell. 2, 2, 7: neque enim alimentorum causa veritati facit praejudicium,
does no harm
,Dig. 1, 6, 10: sine ullo litis praejudicio,ib. 26, 2, 27; Vulg. 1 Tim. 5, 21.A judicial examination previous to a trial: quoties de hoc contenditur, an quis libertus sit, etc., ... redditur praejudicium,Dig. 40, 14, 6: patronus in praejudicio possessor esse videtur,ib. 22, 3, 18.A decision made beforehand or before the proper time: neminem praejudicium rei tantae afferre,Liv. 3, 40.
praeiudico prae-jūdĭco, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to judge, pass sentence, or decide beforehand, to prejudge (class.). Lit., in the judicial sphere: praejudicare de aliquo majore maleficio,Cic. Inv. 1, 20, 60; Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 65, § 153.Transf., apart from judicial lang.: de iis censores praejudicent, let the censors give their preliminary judgment (before the case is brought before the judges), Cic. Leg. 3, 20, 47.To be injurious, prejudicial; with dat. (post-class.): res inter alios judicatae aliis non praejudicant,Dig. 42, 1, 63; 47, 10, 7: ingenuitati,Paul. Sent. 5, 3, 3; Ambros. in Luc. 3, 41. Hence, praejūdĭcātus, a, um, P. a., decided beforehand, prejudged: praejudicatum eventum belli habetis,Liv. 42, 61: res,Cic. Clu. 17, 49: nihil,id. ib. 44, 124: opinio,
,Sid. post Carm. 22.Subst.: praejūdĭ-cātum, i, n.Something decided beforehand, Liv. 26, 2.A previous opinion, prepossession, = praejudicium postulo, ut ne quid huc praejudicati afferatis, Cic. Clu. 2, 6.
praeiuratio prae-jūrātĭo, ōnis, f., a previous taking of an oath which others then repeat: praejurationes facere dicuntur hi, qui ante alios conceptis verbis jurant: post quos eadem verba jurantes tantummodo dicunt: Idem in me,Fest. p. 224 Müll.
praeiuvo prae-jŭvo, jūvi, 1, v. a., to aid before (post-Aug.): affectam ejus fidem praejuvisse,Tac. H. 3, 65.
praelabor prae-lābor, lapsus, 3, v. dep. n. and a., to glide onwards, to flow, swim, etc., before or along; to move, glide, etc., quickly by or past (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose). Lit.: insula, in quam Germani nando praelabebantur,Tac. H. 2, 35: piscis praelabitur ante, Cic. poët. N. D. 2, 43, 111: amnis,Luc. 9, 355. With acc.: rotis flumina,
to glide by the streams on wheels
,Verg. G. 3, 180; cf.: ales bestiam praevenit et secundo flatu praelabitur et anticipat,App. de Deo Soc. prol. p. 365, 28.Trop., to glide past, to hasten by a thing; with acc.: ira eruditas mentes praelabitur,Petr. 99: praelabens tempus,Col. 11, 1.
praelambo prae-lambo, ĕre, v. a., to lick or taste beforehand or first (poet.). Lit.: (mus) praelambens omne, quod affert,Hor. S. 2, 6, 109.Transf., to wash or touch lightly, to bathe gently, of a river that flows by a place: arenas,Prud. Hamart. 357; Avien. Perieg. 494.
praelapsus praelapsus, a, um, Part., from praelabor.
praelargus prae-largus, a, um, adj., very copious or abundant (poet.): pulmo animae praelargus,Pers. 1, 14: dapes,Juvenc. 3, 754.
praelatio praelātĭo, ōnis, f.praefero, a preferring, a preference (post-class.), Val. Max. 7, 8, 4: alterius,Tert. Apol. 13; id. ad Uxor. 1, 3; Ambros. Jacob, 2, 2, 5.
praelator praelātor, ōris, m.id., one that prefers, a preferrer (eccl. Lat.): misericordiae praelator quam sacrificii,Tert. Pudic. 2.
praelatus praelātus, a, um, Part., from praefero.
praelautus prae-lautus, a, um, adj., very elegant, sumptuous, or luxurious (post-Aug.): homines,Suet. Ner. 30; id. Vitell. 2.
praelavo prae-lăvo, ĕre, v. a., to wash or rinse beforehand (post-class.): os,App. Mag. p. 278 med.: cinis praelavatus,Theod. Prisc. 1, 27.
praelaxatus prae-laxātus, a, um, Part. [laxo], widened or relieved beforehand (post-class.), Cael. Aur. Tard. 2, 1, 27.
praelectio praelectĭo, ōnis, f.2. praelego, a reading aloud to others, a lecture, prelection (post-Aug.), Quint. 1, 2, 15; 2, 5, 4.
praelector praelector, ōris, m.id., one who reads an author to others and adds explanations, a prelector (post-class.; cf.: lector, recitator),Gell. 18, 5, 6.
praelectus praelectus, a, um, Part., from 2. praelego.
praelego prae-lēgo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to bequeath beforehand, i. e. to bequeath a thing to be given before the inheritance is divided (post-Aug.): eam coronam testamento ei praelegavit,Plin. 33, 2, 11, § 38: peculia filiis, Dig. 33, 8, 26: fundum,ib. 31, 1, 69: uxori dotem,Paul. Sent. 4, 1, 1.
praelego prae-lĕgo, lēgi, lectum, 3, v. a.To read any thing to others, as a teacher, to show how it should be read, to set an example in reading, to lecture upon an author (post-Aug.): auctores,Quint. 1, 5, 11: Vergilium et alios poëtas,Suet. Gram. 16.To pick or choose out, to select (post-class.): praelectus hircus,App. M. 7, p. 192, 29.To sail by or along a place (post-Aug. for praetervehor); with acc.: Campaniam,Tac. A. 6, 1; 2, 79init.: Alsia praelegitur tellus, is sailed by, Rut. Itin. 1, 223.
praelialis praelĭālis, v. proelialis.
praeliator praelĭātor, v. proeliator.
praelibatio praelībātĭo, ōnis, f.praelibo, a tasting or taking away beforehand (post-class.). Lit., an offering of the first-fruits: praemetium, quod praelibationis causā ante praemetitur, Paul. ex Fest. s. v. praemetium, p. 235 Müll.: labiorum, a slight touch of the lips, a gentle kiss, Ambros. Isaac et Anim. 3, 8 fin.Trop., a lessening, diminution, Tert. Anim. 58.
praeliber prae-līber, ĕra, ĕrum, adj., very or entirely free (post-class.), Prud. Apoth. 155.
praelibo prae-lībo, āre, v.a., to taste beforehand, foretaste (poet.). Lit.: nectar,Stat. S. 3, 4, 60.Trop.: vultus ac pectora Ulysses Praelibat visu,
examines
,
inspects
,Stat. Achill. 2, 88.
praelicenter prae-lĭcenter, adv., too freely, too boldly (post-class.): verba finxit,Gell. 16, 7, 1: disponens,Amm. 16, 5, 3.
praeligamen praelĭgāmen, ĭnis, n.praeligo, something bound on in front or about one, an amulet (post-class.), Marc. Emp. 8.
praeliganeus praelĭgānĕus, a, um, adj.2. praelego, picked beforehand: vinum, a poor kind of wine made of unripe or bad grapes gathered before the vintage, Cato, R. R. 23, 2.
praeligo prae-lĭgo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.To bind on before, to bind: arida sarmenta praeligantur cornibus boum,Liv. 22, 16: cauda pecoris quam arctissime praeligata,Plin. 29, 2, 10, § 38: salice marginem,id. 17, 14, 24, § 109.To bind around, tie about a thing: statuae coronam candida fascia praeligatam imponere,Suet. Caes. 79: pars palmitis praeligata,Plin. 17, 22, 35, § 180: linum, quo praeligata infra caput vipera pependerit,id. 30, 5, 12, § 40.Transf.To bind up, tie up: os praeligatum,Cic. Inv. 2, 50, 149: vulnera nodo Herculis,Plin. 28, 6, 17, § 63.To cover, veil: vestibus capita,Petr. 102, 16.Trop., to bind, fetter, charm: o praeligatum pectus! bound up, i. e. obdurate, Plaut. Bacch. 1, 2, 28.
praelino prae-lĭno, no perf., lĭtum, 3, v. a., to smear or daub in front, to plaster over (postclass.): cum fucatur atque praelinitur,Gell. 7, 14, 11: villas tectorio,id. 13, 23, 1.
praelitus praelĭtus, a, um, Part., from praelino.
praelium praelĭum, praeliāris, praeliā-tor, praelĭor, v. proel.
praeloco prae-lŏco, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to set or place before, to put first or foremost (postclass.): si pro trochaeo paenultimo spondeum praelocaveris,Mart. Cap. 5, § 522; Aug. Gen. ad Lit. 7, 17: consonans,Ter. Syll. p. 2390.
praeloquor prae-lŏquor, cūtus (quūtus), 3, v. dep. a. and n.To speak beforehand or first, to speak before another, to forestall in speaking: occupas praeloqui, quae mi'st oratio,Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 28; cf. id. ib. 1, 2, 31: quod mihi causam praeloquendi dedit,Plin. Ep. 8, 21, 3.To say beforehand, in the way of preface or introduction, to premise, Quint. 4, 1, 2. Absol., Plin. Ep. 3, 4, 3: de aliquā re,Quint. 5, 13, 60: libri amplitudo non sinit me longiore epistulā praeloqui,Plin. Ep. 4, 5, 3.To foretell, predict, Lact. Epit. 47, 2.
praeluceo prae-lūceo, xi, 2, v. n.To shine or give light before; to hold or carry a light before, to light.Lit. Of those who carry a light: servus praelucens,Suet. Aug. 29: alicui,Stat. S. 1, 2, 89. Of the light itself: praeluxere faces,Mart. 12, 42, 3: ne ignis noster praeluceat facinori,Phaedr. 4, 11, 9.Trop. In gen., to shine forth, be bright: amicitia bonā spe praelucet in posterum,Cic. Lael. 7, 23. With acc.: lumenque tuae praeluceo vitae,Aus. Idyll. 4, 95. In partic., to shine brighter, to outshine, surpass: nullus sinus Baiis praelucet,Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 83.To shine very much, shine brightly: baculum praelucet,Plin. 32, 10, 52, § 141.
praelucidus prae-lūcĭdus, a, um, adj., shining greatly, very bright (post-Aug.): candor circuli praelucidus,Plin. 37, 6, 23, § 88.
praeludo prae-lūdo, si, sum, 3, v. a., to play beforehand, by way of practice or trial; to prelude, rehearse (post - Aug.). Lit.: Nero Pompeiano praeludit,
sings beforehand
,
preludes
,Plin. 37, 2, 7, § 19: tragoediis,Gell. 19, 11, 2. With acc.: pugnam praeludere, to prepare one's self for fighting, Rut. Itin. 1, 257.Trop.: aliquid operibus suis praeludere,
to premise
,
preface
,Stat. S. 1 praef.: ac Mariana quidem rabies intra Urbem praeluserat, quasi experiretur,
praemacero prae-mācĕro, āre, v. a., to soak or steep beforehand (post-class.): mala cydonia,Scrib. Comp. 193.
praemaledico prae-mălĕdīco, xi, 3, v. a., to curse beforehand (eccl. Lat.): aliquem,Tert. adv. Marc. 5, 3.
praemando prae-mando, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.To order or command beforehand; with ut (very rare): ut conquireretur, praemandavi, Vatin. ap. Cic. Fam. 5, 9, 2.To order or procure beforehand: puerum aut puellam,Plaut. Truc. 2, 4, 49. Hence, subst.: praemandāta, ōrum, n., a warrant for the apprehension of an accused person: emissus e carcere: idem postea praemandatis requisitus,Cic. Planc. 12, 31.
praemando prae-mando, ĕre, v. a., to chew beforehand; trop., to explain accurately and clearly (post-class.): aliquid alicui,Gell. 4, 1, 11.
praemature praemātūrē, adv., v. praematurus.
praematurus prae-mātūrus, a, um, adj.Very early, early (syn. praecox): fructus,Col. 11, 3, 51.Too early, untimely, premature: denuntiatio, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 8: mors,Plin. 7, 51, 52, § 171; so, cineres,Juv. 11, 44: hiems,Tac. A. 1, 30: honores,id. ib. 4, 17: canities,id. ib. 14, 57. In neutr. sing.: castrari agnos, nisi quinquemestres, praematurum existimatur,
is thought too early
,
premature
,Plin. 8, 48, 75, § 198. Adv.: praemātūrē, too soon, untimely, prematurely (ante- and post-class.): praemature vitā careo,Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 69: cum significandum est coactius quid factum, et festinatius, tum rectius praemature factum id dicitur, quam mature,Gell. 10, 11, 8. Comp.: praematurius agi,Dig. 45, 1, 118.
praemedicatus prae-mĕdĭcātus, a, um, Part. [medico], protected by medicines or charms (poet., and eccl. Lat.): Aesonides,Ov. H. 12, 15: antidoto praemedicatus,Tert. Jejun. 12.
praemeditatio praemĕdĭtātĭo, ōnis, f.praemeditor, a considering beforehand, premeditation (used by Cic.): futurorum malorum, Cic. Tusc. 3, 14, 29: diuturna,id. ib. 3, 15, 31: futuri regni,Hier. in Matt. 3, 17, v. 9.
praemeditatorium praemĕdĭtātōrĭum, ii, n.praemeditor, a place for preparation (eccl. Lat.), Tert. Jejun. 6.
praemeditor prae-mĕdĭtor, ātus, 1, v. dep. a., to think over, to muse or deliberate upon beforehand, to premeditate (class.). With object - clause: praemeditari id ferendum modice esse,Cic. Phil. 11, 3, 7. With relative - clause: praemeditari, quo animo accedam ad Urbem,Cic. Att. 6, 3, 4; Auct. Her. 2, 5, 8.Absol.: tentans citharam et praemeditans,
praemercor prae-mercor, ātus, 1, v. dep., to buy before or beforehand (ante - class.): praemercatur ancillam senex,Plaut. Merc. Arg. 2, 10; id. Ep. 3, 3, 25: ni pretio minus parcerent, eaque praemercarentur, should forestall the markets, Cass. Hem. ap. Plin. 32, 2, 10, § 20.
praemessum praemessum, v. praemetium.
praemetium praemĕtĭum (al. ‡ praemessum), ĭi, n.prae-metior, the offering of the firstfruits measured out beforehand for Ceres: praemetium quod praelibationis causā ante praemetitur, Paul. ex Fest. p. 235 Müll.; cf.: praemetium de spicis, quas primum messuissent, sacrificabant Cereri,id. ib. s. v. sacrima, p. 319 ib.; and: praemetium (al. praemetivum), ἡ πρὸ θερισμοῦ Δημήτρας θυσία, Gloss. Philox.
praemetor prae-mētor, ātus, 1, v. dep. a., to measure or measure out beforehand (post-class.), Sol. 40 (dub.; al. metatum). Hence, in pass. signif.: praemētātus, a, um, measured or meted out beforehand: praemetata divūm itinera,
predestined
,Mart. Cap. 8, § 811.
praemetuens praemĕtŭens, entis, Part. and P. a., from praemetuo.
praemetuenter prae-mĕtŭenter, adv., v. praemetuo, P. a. fin.
praemetuo prae-mĕtŭo, 3, v. n. and a.Neutr., to fear or be in fear beforehand (very rare): mens,Lucr. 3, 1019: Caesar praemetuens suis, fearing for, anxious about his men, * Caes. B. G. 7, 49, 1.Act., to fear something beforehand: poenas Danaum et deserti conjugis iras, * Verg. A. 2, 573: dum praemetuit cultus inolescere Christi, Prud. ap. Symm. 2, 681. Hence, praemĕtŭ-ens, entis, P. a., fearing beforehand; with gen. obj.: ovis praemetuens doli,Phaedr. 1, 16, 4. * Adv.: praemĕtŭenter, anxiously, solicitously: errorem vitare,Lucr. 4, 823.
praemialis praemĭālis, e, adj.praemium, used as a reward (eccl. Lat.): resurrectio, Aug. c. Sec. Resp. Jul. 6, 36.
praemiator praemĭātor, ōris, m.praemior. A robber (ante-class.), Naev. ap. Non. 150, 23 (Com. Rel. p. 6 Rib.).A rewarder, one who gives a reward to: luctantium,Ambros. in Psa. 36, 57.
praemiatrix praemĭātrix, īcis, f.praemiator, she who rewards (post-class.): bonorum praemiatrix Adrastia,Amm. 14, 11, 25.
praemico prae-mĭco, āre, v. n., to gleam or glitter forth, to glitter very much (post-class.): lucerna claro lumine praemicans,App. M. 5, p. 167, 20: praemicantis lunae candor nimius,id. ib. 11, p. 257 init.: galea nitore praemicans,id. ib. 10, p. 238; Prud. στεφ. 1, 84.
praemigro prae-mī^gro, āre, v. n., to move away beforehand or before (post - Aug.): ruinis imminentibus musculi praemigrant,Plin. 8 28, 42, § 103.
praemineo praemĭnĕo, v. praeemineo.
praeminister prae-mĭnister, tri, m., a servant, an attendant (post - class.): deorum ... flaminum,Macr. S. 3, 8; Tert. Or. 1.
praeministra prae-mĭnistra, ae, f., a female attendant or minister (post-class.): lingua mendaciorum et amaritudinum praeministra,App. Mag. p. 278, 6; Macr. S. 3, 8.
praeministro prae-mĭnistro, āre, v. n. and a.Neutr., to wait or attend upon, to minister to any one (post-class.): magistratibus,
of the lictors
,Gell. 12, 3, 3; cf. id. 10, 3, 13: alicui,App. M. 5, p. 160, 3.Act., to furnish, supply, hand to any one: ac praeministrasse modulos,Gell. 1, 11, 10; Tert. Bapt. 11: fabulas,id. Apol. 21.
praeminor prae-mĭnor, 1, v. dep., to threaten beforehand, to threaten greatly (post-class.); with inf., Tert. adv. Marc. 5, 19: aliquid,App. M. 5, p. 167, 8; 8, p. 211, 11: haec illis,Tert. Apol. 21.
praemior praemĭor, āri, v. dep.praemium, to stipulate for a reward: constabat, in cognitionibus patriis nundinari praemiarique solitum,Suet. Tit. 7: sequimini me, praemiati, Nov. ap. Fest. p. 464 Müll. (Com. Rel. p. 217 Rib. ex conject.).
praemiosus praemĭōsus, a, um, adj.id., rich (ante-class.): praemiosam, pecuniosam, dixit Cato, Fest. p. 242 Müll.; cf.: praemiosa, pecuniosa, Paul. ex Fest. p. 243 ib.
praemissa praemissa, ōrum, n., v. praemitto fin.
praemissus praemissus, a, um, Part., from praemitto.
,Suet. Calig. 58: postquam haec favorabili oratione praemisit,Tac. Am. 12, 6: cogitationes in longinqua praemittimus,
send our thoughts into the distance
,Sen. Ep. 5, 7. Hence, praemissa, ōrum, n., things sent in advance, the first - fruits, = primitiae (postAug.), Plin. 12, 1, 2, § 5.
praemium praemĭum, ii, n.prae-emo, what one has got before or better than others (class.). Profit derived from booty, booty (poet.; cf. praeda; and: avorti praedam ab hostibus. Pen. Heus, ecqua in istac pars inest praemi mihi? Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 26): multaque praeterea Laurentis praemia pugnae Aggerat, et longo praedam jubet ordine duci,Verg. A. 11, 78 sq.; rapta praemia veste ferre,Tib. 1, 2, 25; cf. Tac. H. 1, 51: ferre ad patrios praemia dira Lares,Prop. 2, 23, 67 (3, 28, 22): spectat sua praemia raptor,Ov. M. 6, 518; 13, 414: tam dirae praemia culpae,Juv. 8, 119. Also, game killed, prey, Prop. 3, 11 (4, 12), 46; Hor. Epod. 2, 36; Val. Fl. 8, 253. Poet.: raptae virginitatis,Ov. M. 8, 850.Transf. In gen., profit, advantage, prerogative, distinction (class.), Lucr. 3, 899; 956; 5, 5; cf. poet.: Veneris, i. e. children (the Greek δῶρα Ἀφροδίτης), Verg. A. 4, 33: absens factus aedilis, continuo praetor: licebat enim celerius legis praemio,Cic. Ac. 2, 1, 1. In partic., reward, recompense (the predom. signif. of the word; syn.: munus, donum): sapiens virtuti honorem praemium, haud praedam petit, Enn. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 26, 102 (Trag. v. 374 Vahl.): ecquid erit praemi, reward, id. ap. Cic. Sen. 1, 1 (Ann. v. 341 ib.): donum et praemium,Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 27: legibus praemia proposita sunt virtutibus,Cic. de Or. 1, 58, 247: persuadere alicui magnis praemiis et pollicitationibus,Caes. B. G. 3, 18: praemiis ad perdiscendum commoveri,Cic. de Or. 1, 4, 13: praemia alicui dare pro re aliquā,id. Mur. 4, 8: praemio afficere aliquem,
,Liv. 24, 45. Ironic.: cape praemia facti, reward, for punishment, Ov. M. 8, 503: tibi pro scelere, Di ... praemia reddant Debita,Verg. A. 2, 537.A bribe: ut somno careas ponendaque praemia sumas,Juv. 3, 56.Transf., an act deserving a reward, an exploit, Verg. A. 12, 437.
praemixtus praemixtus, a, um, v. praemistus.
praemoderans prae-mŏdĕrans, antis, Part. [moderor], prescribing a measure (post-class.): in proelia ingredi praemoderante citharā gressibus,Gell. 1, 11, 6.
praemodulatus prae-mŏdŭlātus, a, um, Part. [modulor], measured out or modulated beforehand (post-Aug.): cogitationem gestu,
praemodum praemŏdum, adv.prae-modus, beyond measure (ante-class.): Livius in Odysseā praemodum dicit, quasi admodum Parcentes, inquit, praemodum: quod significat supra modum: dictumque est quasi praeter modum,Gell. 7, 7, 12.
praemoenio prae-moenio, īre, v. praemunio.
praemolestia prae-mŏlestĭa, ae, f., trouble beforehand, anxiety, apprehension; another term for metus: alii metum praemolestiam appellabant, quod est quasi dux consequentis molestiae,Cic. Tusc. 4, 30, 64.
praemolior prae-mōlĭor, īri, v. dep., to prepare or make preparations for beforehand (very rare): res,Liv. 28, 17, 4.
praemoneo prae-mŏnĕo, ŭi, ĭtum, 2, v. a. In gen., to forewarn, to advise, or admonish beforehand, to remind beforehand, to premonish (class.); constr. aliquem with ut or ne, with a simple subj., with quod, with de, aliquid (of a thing): me, ut magnopere caverem, praemonebat,Cic. Verr. 1, 8, 23; so with ut, Vell. 2, 57, 2; Suet. Oth. 6: ut te praemonerem, plurimum tibi credas,Plin. Ep. 6, 22, 7: praemonito filio, ne alii crederet,Just. 12, 14, 7: praemoneo, numquam scripta quod ista legat,Ov. Tr. 5, 1, 16: de impendentibus periculis voce Jovis praemoneri,Cic. Har. Resp. 5, 10: conatus hostis,
to warn of
,Liv. 33, 20, 12: caeli varietatem praemonitus,Col. 11, 2, 1: praemoniti oraculo,Plin. 16, 39, 76, § 199: ut futuri principes praemonerentur, quā viā possent ad gloriam niti,Plin. Ep. 3, 18, 2. In partic., of prophecies, to foretell, foreshow, predict (poet. and in post-Aug. prose): futura,Just. 43, 1, 8: haruspices praemonuerunt superna vulnera,Plin. 2, 56, 57, § 147. Of inanimate things, to presage, signify, foreshadow: ferunt Terribiles tubas auditaque cornua caelo Praemonuisse nefas,Ov. M. 15, 784: rutilus (circa lunam) et ventos et imbres praemonebit,Plin. 18, 35, 79, § 347. Of animals: pericula (animalia) praemonent, non fibris modo extisque, sed aliā quādam significatione,Plin. 8, 28, 42, § 102. With object-clause: et vatum timeo monitus, quos, igne Pelasgo Ilion arsuram, praemonuisse ferunt,Ov. H. 17, 239. Hence, praemŏnĭtum, i, n., a premonition (post-class.): praemonita et praecepta,Gell. 14, 2, 3.
praemonitor praemŏnĭtor, ōris, m.id., a forewarner, premonitor (post - class.), App. de Deo Socr. p. 51, 12.
praemonitorius praemŏnĭtōrĭus, a, um, adj.praemonitor, that gives previous warning, premonitory (eccl. Lat.): edictum,Tert. Anim. 3.
praemonitum praemŏnĭtum, i, n., v. praemoneo fin.
praemonitus praemŏnĭtus, a, um, Part., from praemoneo.
praemonitus praemŏnĭtus, ūs, m.praemoneo, a forewarning, premonition (poet.): deūm,Ov. M. 15, 800.
praemonstratio praemonstrātĭo, ōnis, f.praemonstro, a showing or indicating beforehand, a premonstration (eccl. Lat.), Lact. 7, 14, 12.
praemonstrator praemonstrātor, ōris, m.id., one who shows or points out beforehand, a guide, director: monitor et praemonstrator,Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 2.
praemonstro prae-monstro (old form praemo-stro, v.infra), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to show beforehand, to point out the way, to guide, direct. In gen. (poet.): praemonstra docte, quid fabuletur,Plaut. Pers. 1, 3, 68: currenti spatium praemonstra,Lucr. 6, 93: te praemonstrante,
,Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 61 Brix ad loc.: quae voluit mihi dixit, docuit et praemonstravit prius,id. ib. 4, 2, 12. In partic., to denote beforehand, to predict, presage, prognosticate: magnum aliquid populo Romano praemonstrare et praecinere,Cic. Har. Resp. 10, 21: ventos futuros, id. poët. Div. 1, 7, 13: hanc suavitatem praemonstratam efficaci auspicio,Plin. 10, 29, 43, § 82.
praemordeo prae-mordĕo, morsi and mordi, morsum, 2, v. a., to bite in front, to bite at the end; hence, in gen., to bite (poet. and in post-Aug. prose). Lit.: ni fugissem, medium, credo, praemorsisset, Plaut. Fragm. ap. Gell. 7, 9, 7: linguam,Luc. 6, 567: projectos,Sen. Clem. 1, 5, 5.Transf., to bite off, snip off, crib: et tamen ex hoc, Quodcumque est, Discipuli custos praemordet,Juv. 7, 217.
praemordicus praemordĭcus, a, um, adj.praemordeo, bitten off in front or at the end (late Lat.): olera praemordica, of which only the tops are eaten (e. g. asparagus), Hier. in Reg. S. Pachom. 52.
praemorior prae-mŏrĭor, tuus, 3, v. dep., to die early or prematurely, to die (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose). Lit.: aut ego praemoriar, primoque exstinguar in aevo,Ov. H. 8, 121: parte corporis velut praemortua,Suet. Gram. 3.Trop., to decay: praemoritur visus, auditus,
praemunio prae-mūnĭo (praemoenio, Gell. 13, 27; 14, 2), īvi, ītum, 4, v. a., to fortify or defend in front (class.). Lit.: aditus magnis operibus,Caes. B. C. 3, 58: loca necessaria,id. ib. 3, 112: Isthmum,id. ib. 3, 55: fossa,Tac. H. 3, 21.Trop.To fortify, protect, secure: metu venenorum praemuniri medicamentis,
,Aug. Doct. Chr. 3, 1. Absol.: ut ante praemuniat, of an orator's art,Cic. Or. 40, 137.To place a thing before another for defence or strengthening: quae praemuniuntur omnia reliquo sermoni, quo facilius, etc.,
are premised to obviate objections
,
said by way of premunition
,Cic. Leg. 1, 12, 34: illa, quae ex accusatorum oratione praemuniri intellegebam, brought forward or adduced in defence, id. Cael. 8, 19: primum illud praefulci et praemuni, quaeso, ut simus annui, take care of or secure beforehand, id. Att. 5, 13, 3.
praemunitio praemūnītĭo, ōnis, f.praemunio, II. B., a fortifying or strengthening beforehand. In gen., Ambros. de Isaac et Anim. 4, 37.Trop., rhet. t. t., = πρὀπαρασκευή, of an orator, who prepares the minds of his hearers for what he has further to say, a preparation, premunition: sine ullā praemunitione orationis,Cic. de Or. 2, 75, 304; 3, 53, 204; Quint. 9, 2, 17.
praenarro prae-narro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to tell or relate beforehand: rem,Ter. Eun. 5, 5, 12.
Praeneste Praeneste, is, n. and f., = Πραίνεστος or Πραίνεστε, one of the most ancient and important cities of Latium, famed for the beauty of its roses, for its nuts, and still more for its temple of Fortune and the oracle connected with it, now Palestrina; abl., Praeneste, Cic. Planc. 26; Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 2: Praeneste sub ipsā (sc. urbe),Verg. A. 8, 561: altum Praeneste,id. ib. 7, 682: frigidum,Hor. C. 3, 4, 22: sacrum,Stat. S. 4, 4, 15. Hence, Praenestīnus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Prœneste, Prœnestine: nuces,Cato, R. R. 8: urbs,
praenexus prae-nexus, a, um, Part. [necto], tied or bound up in front (post-class.): praenexo obsignatoque ore,Sol. 1, 6.
praenimis prae-nĭmis, adv., too much, quite too (post-class.): praenimis plebeium est,Gell. 19, 10, 9.
praeniteo prae-nĭtĕo, ŭi, 2, v. n., to shine or glitter forth (poet. and in post-Aug. prose). Lit.: vestes praenitent,App. M. 5, p. 162, 37: luna subito praenitens,Plin. 2, 9, 6, § 42: juvenis veste niveā praenitens,App. M. 11, p. 261, 21. With dat.: cur tibi junior praeniteat,
,Sen. Med. 93.Trop.: gentes, quarum titulis forum Augusti praenitet,Vell. 2, 39, 2: virtus Catonis conspicua atque praenitens,id. 2, 35, 1 (2, 59, 1 dub.).
praenobilis prae-nōbĭlis, e, adj., very famous or celebrated (post-class.): praenobilis potio,App. M. 10, p. 251, 10; Prud. Ham. 700. Comp.: praenobilior,App. Flor. 3, p. 355.
praenomen prae-nōmen, ĭnis, n.Lit., the name which stood before the name of the gens, the first name, prœnomen, usually abbreviated; thus, in M. Tullius Cicero, Marcus is the prænomen, as A. = Aulus, C. = Caius, Cn. = Cnaeus, etc.: Quintilius cum filio, cui Marco praenomen erat,Liv. 30, 18, 5: quod sine praenomine familiariter ad me epistulam misisti,Cic. Fam. 7, 32, 1: Quinte, puta, aut Publi (gaudent praenomine molles Auriculae),Hor. S. 2, 5, 32: praenominibus feminas esse appellatas testimonio sunt Caecilia et Tarracia, quae ambae Gaiae solitae sint appellari, pari modo Lucia et Titia,Fest. p. 224 Müll.: pueris non prius, quam togam virilem sumerent, puellis non antequam nuberent, praenomina imponi moris fuisse, Q. Scaev. ap. Auct. Epit. Nom. Rat., Huschke, Jurisp. ante-Just. p. 16 sq.Transf., in gen., an appellation or title placed before a person's name: praenomen Imperatoris,Suet. Caes. 76; id. Tib. 26; id. Claud. 12.
praenomino praenōmĭno, no perf., ātum, 1, v. a.praenomen, to give one the prœnomen or title of, to name (very rare): Numerios praenominabant, Varr. ap. Non. 352, 29.To name in the first place (late Lat.): praenominatur caro, et postea deitas, Rustic. c. Aceph. p. 1236.
praenotio praenōtĭo, ōnis, f.praenosco, a previous notion, preconception, a translation of the Epicurean πρόληψις: sive anticipatio sive praenotio deorum,
innate idea
,Cic. N. D. 1, 17, 44: earum rerum, Boëth. Consol. Phil. 5, pros. 4, p. 106, 31.
praenoto prae-nŏto, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. (postclass.). To mark or note before or in front: profert quosdam libros litteris ignorabilibus praenotatos,App. M. 11, p. 268, 11: aureo anulo, to seal, id. ib. 10, p. 243, 3: psalmum inscriptione, Hilar. in Psa. 15, 1.To entitle, name: ut de deo Socratis praenotaret librum, Aug. Civ. Dei, 8, 14: librum nomine Pamphili martyris,Hier. Ep. 133, n. 3: liber hoc titulo praenotatus,Aug. Retract. 2, 14.To note or designate beforehand, to predict: prophetae duos adventus Christi praenotarunt,Tert. adv. Jud. 14: crux praenotata, Prud. στεφ. 10, 629.To note down, write down: fabellam,App. M. 6, p. 183, 26.
praenubilus prae-nūbĭlus, a, um, adj., very cloudy, very dark or gloomy (poet.): densā praenubilus arbore lucus,Ov. Am. 3, 13, 7.
praenum praenum, i, n.Lit., an implement for combing flax, a hatchel, Gloss. Philox. Hence, Transf., an instrument of torture, a rack: tentare praenum,Tert. Apol. 5.
praenunci praenunci-, v. praenunti-.
praenuncupatus prae -nuncŭpātus, a, um, Part. [nuncupo], named beforehand: Emmanuel prophetico ore,Prud. Cath. 7, 179.
praenuntia praenuntĭa, v. praenuntius.
praenuntiatio praenuntĭātĭo or praenuncĭātĭo, ōnis, f.praenuntio, a prediction (eccl. Lat.), Tert. Anim. 46 fin.
praenuntiativus praenuntĭātīvus, a, um, a false read. for praenuntios, Plin. 2, 71, 73, § 181.
praenuntiator praenuntĭātor, ōris, m.praenuntio, one who announces beforehand, a foreteller, predicter (eccl. Lat.), Aug. Conf. 9, 5; id. Genes. 8, 4 fin.
praenuntiatrix praenuntĭātrix, īcis, f.praenuntiator, she that foretells or predicts (eccl. Lat.): gloriae, Prud. στεφ. 2, 29.
praenuntio prae-nuntĭo (praenunc-), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to announce or publish beforehand, to foretell, foreshow, predict; constr. with acc., de, or an object-clause (class.). Lit.: futura,Cic. Div. 1, 6, 12. Impers.: de eorum adventu esse pronuntiatum,Nep. Eum. 9, 4 (but in Ter. Phorm. 5, 2, 12, the correct reading is abi prae: nuntia, etc., Fleck.).Transf., of things: juglans, frangi se, praenuntiat strepitu,Plin. 16, 42, 81, § 223: vasa diras tempestates praenuntiant,id. 18, 35, 90, § 365: usus turris ad praenuntianda vada,id. 36, 12, 18, § 83.
praenuntius prae-nuntĭus (praenunc-), a, um, adj., that foretells or forebodes. Subst.praenuntĭus, i, m., a foreteller, harbinger, foreboder, an indication, token, omen (class.): Zephyrus Veris praenuntius,Lucr. 5, 737: lucis praenuntius ales,i. e.
the cock
,Ov. F. 2, 767.praenuntĭa, ae, f.: belli praenuntia,Ov. F. 6, 207: stellae magnarum calamitatum praenuntiae,Cic. N. D. 2, 5, 14: inquisitio candidati, praenuntia repulsae,id. Mur. 21, 44: Thraseam prohibitum immoto animo praenuntiam imminentis caedis contumeliam excepisse,Tac. A. 15, 23.praenuntĭum, ii, n., a harbinger, token, omen: futuri eventus alicujus id praenuntium est,Plin. 2, 84, 86, § 200: istarum procellarum quaedam sunt praenuntia,Sen. Ira, 3, 10, 2: ignes,
praeobturans prae-obtūrans, antis, Part. [obturo], stopping up in front, Vitr. 10, 12, 1.
praeoccido prae-occĭdo, ĕre, v. n., to go down or set before; of constellations (post-Aug.); with dat., Plin. 18, 29, 69, § 285.
praeoccupatio praeoccŭpātĭo, ōnis, f.praeoccupo. A seizing beforehand, preoccupation: locorum praeoccupatio,Nep. Eum. 3, 6. Rhet. fig., an anticipation of what properly comes afterwards, prolepsis, Beda, Schem. et Tropis init.A disease that violently distends the abdomen: quae passio Graece emphragma, Latine praeoccupatio dicitur,Veg. Vet. 1, 40.
praeoccupo prae-occŭpo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. (class., but not in Cic., since praecepit is the true read., Cic. Phil. 10, 1, 2). To seize upon, to take possession of or occupy beforehand, to preoccupy.Lit.: hic ne intrare posset saltum, Datames praeoccupare studuit,Nep. Dat. 7, 2: Macedoniam,id. Eum. 2, 4: loca opportuna,Liv. 44, 3; 35, 28; 42, 47: iter,Caes. B. C. 3, 13: Asiam,Vell. 2, 69, 2; cf.: praeoccupatum sese legatione ab Cn. Pompeio,Caes. B. C. 2, 17.To take, catch, detect, seize in an act: si praeoccupatus fuerit homo in delicto,Vulg. Gal. 6, 1.Trop.: animos timor praeoccupaverat,Caes. B. G. 6, 41, 3: hilaritas praeoccupaverat mentes,Petr. 113: praeoccupati beneficio animi,i. e.
won over beforehand
,Liv. 6, 20, 10: aures,id. 38, 10.To anticipate, prevent: ne alter alterum praeoccuparet,Nep. Dion, 4, 1. With obj.clause (like the simpler occupare): legem de multarum aestimatione ipsi praeoccupaverunt ferre,
hastened to bring the bill sooner before the people
praeoleo prae-ŏlĕo, ēre, v. n., to emit or exhale an odor beforehand (post-Aug.): ut crocus, ita somnus prius quam prope adsit, longe praeolet,Front. Ep. ad M. Caes. 1, 4 Mai.
praeolo prae-ŏlo, ĕre, v. impers., to perceive before: ut praeolat mihi quod tu velis,Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 41; v. Ritschl ad h. l.
praeopimus prae-ŏpīmus, a, um, adj., very fat (eccl. Lat.): vitulus,Tert. Poen. 8.
praeopto prae-opto, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to choose or wish rather, to desire more, to prefer (class.; not in Cic.); constr. aliquid alicui, with an object-clause, or with ut: praeoptantes exsilio modicam domi fortunam,Liv. 29, 30, 12; 44, 22, 14; so, suas leges Romanae civitati,id. 9, 45, 7: Punicam societatem Romanae,id. 23, 43, 11: filiam equitis Romani nuptiis generosarum,Nep. Att. 12, 1. With acc. and quam: nemo non illos sibi quam vos dominos praeoptet,Liv. 29, 17, 7: sterilem platanum quam maritam ulmum praeoptaverim,Quint. 8, 3, 8. With object-clause: meum potius caput periculo Praeoptavisse quam is periret ponere,Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 30: multi praeoptarent scutum manu emittere et nudo corpore pugnare,Caes. B. G. 1, 25; so, perire,Tac. H. 4, 58; Just. 8, 4, 5; 11, 14, 1; Val. Max. 4, 1, ext. 5; Sulp. Sev. Chron. 1, 32, 3; cf.: ut puerum praeoptares perire, Potius quam,Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 17. With ut: praeoptavisti, amorem tuom uti virtuti praeponeres,Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 22.
praeordino prae-ordĭno, āre, 1, v. a., to preordain (eccl. Lat.): Deus praeordinavit te, ut, etc.,Vulg. Act. 22, 14. Hence, praeordĭnā-tus, a, um, Part., ordered beforehand, preordained (post-class.): causae,Cael. Aur. Acut. 1, 4, 44; Vulg. Act. 10, 41.
praeoro prae-ōro, āre, v. a., to pray before, Not. Tir. p. 106.
praeostendo praeostendo, endi, ensum, 3, v. a., to show beforehand, display before, make clear (late. Lat.): hoc monstrare debent, hoc ostendere vel praeostendere, Aug. Civ. Dei, 21, 8, 6. Absol.: portenta a portendendo, id est, praeostendendo, Aug. Civ. Dei, 21, 8, 6; cf. Isid. 11, 3, 3. Hence, praeosten-sus, a, um, Part., foreshown (eccl. Lat.): sabbatum praeostensum et praedictum,Tert. adv. Jud. 4: sacrificia,id. ib. 5.
praepalpans prae-palpans, antis, Part. [palpo], stroking or patting before or in front (postclass.), Paul. Nol. Ep. 49.
praepando prae-pando, ĕre, v. a., to open or spread before, to spread out, extend (poet. and in post-Aug. prose). Lit., Verg. Cul. 16: vestibula,Plin. 11, 24, 28, § 80.Trop.: lumina menti alicujus, Lucr. 1, 144: hibernos praepandens temporis ortus,Cic. Arat. 274 (40).
praeparatio praepărātĭo, ōnis, f.praeparo. A getting or making ready, a preparing, preparation (class.): priusquam aggrediare, adhibenda est praeparatio diligens,Cic. Off. 1, 21, 73: provisio animi et praeparatio ad minuendum dolorem,id. Tusc. 3, 14, 30: belli,Vell. 1, 12, 6: futurae impensae,Front. Aquaed. 124: cordis,Vulg. Psa. 9, 17 (37): pugnae, id. Judith, 4, 4. Rhet., a preparation of the hearers for what is to follow, = προπαρασκευή, Quint. 7, 10, 12; 4, 2, 55; 9, 2, 17.
praeparato praepărātō, adv., v. praeparo, P. a. fin.
praeparatus prae-părātus, a, um, Part. and P. a., from praeparo.
praeparatus prae-părātus, ūs, m.praeparo, a preparation (post - Aug.): praeparatus Caesaris contra Antonium,Vell. 2, 76, 3 dub. (Haase, apparatus; cf. id. 2, 12, 3): rei rusticae,Gell. 10, 11, 7.
praeparcus prae-parcus, a, um, adj., very sparing, very niggardly (post-Aug.). Lit.: apes praeparcae (opp. prodigae atque edaces),Plin. 11, 19, 21, § 67.Trop.: animus,Plin. 22, 24, 51, § 110.
praeparo prae-păro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to get or make ready beforehand, to prepare, equip, make preparations for, etc. (class.; cf.: paro, apparo). Lit.: ea quae videntur instare,Cic. Rosc. Am. 8, 22: praeparaverat ante naves,Liv. 30, 20, 5: commeatum,id. 7, 12: frumentum in decem annos,id. 42, 12: locum domestici belli causā,Caes. B. G. 5, 9: se et suos milites ad proelia, Sall. Fragm. ap. Veg. Mil. 1, 9: praeparato ad talem casum perfugio,Liv. 24, 2, 11: praeparatis jam omnibus ad fugam,id. 33, 47, 10; 26, 19, 5; 35, 17, 1; 40, 15, 13; Quint. 2, 4, 28: praeparat se pugnae,
,Spart. Hadr. 22.Trop.: animos ad sapientiam concipiendam, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 12, 23; id. Tusc. 2, 5, 13: gratiam adversus publicum odium,Tac. H. 1, 72: excusationem,Petr. 139: aditum nefariae spei,Curt. 5, 9, 5; 4, 9, 13. Hence, praepărātus, a, um, P. a., prepared, provided with any thing (class.): praeparatos quodam cultu atque victu proficisci ad dormiendum,Cic. Div. 2, 58, 119: praeparato animo se tradere quieti,id. ib. 1, 53, 121: bene praeparatum Pectus,Hor. C. 2, 10, 14: praeparatis auribus,Cic. Or 28, 99. Hence, adv.: praepărātō or ex prae-părātō, with preparation: quam nihil praeparato, nihil festinato fecisse videtur Milo!Quint. 4, 2, 1: ex ante praeparato,Liv. 10, 41: non enim ex praeparato locutus est, sed subito deprehensus,Sen. Ep. 11, 1.
praeparvus prae-parvus, a, um, adj., very small (poet.), Juvenc. 2, 819.
praepedimentum praepĕdīmentum, i, n.praepedio, a hinderance, impediment (ante-class.), Plaut. Poen. 3, 2, 29; Sid. Ep. 7, 6.
praepedio praepĕdĭo, īvi, ĭi, ītum, 4, v. a.praepes, to entangle the feet or other parts of the body; to shackle, bind, fetter (mostly poet. and post-Aug.; syn.: impedio, illaqueo, irretio). Lit.: praepeditus latera forti ferro,Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 5: praepeditis Numidarum equis,
praependeo prae-pendĕo, ēre, v. n., to hang before, to hang down in front (class.): ubi tegumenta praependere possent ad defendendos ictus,Caes. B. C. 2, 9, 3: storias circum turrim praependentes,id. ib. 2, 9, 5: praependent demissae in pocula sertae,Prop. 2, 33 (3, 31), 37: barba,Mart. 9, 48, 4: ancones,Vitr. 4, 6: lacinia praependens impedit,App. Mag. p. 286, 21.
praepes praepĕs, ĕtis, adj.prae-peto. Lit.Flying swiftly, swift of flight, nimble, fleet, quick, rapid, etc. (poet.; syn.: velox, pernix, levis): praepes Laeva volavit avis, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 48, 108 (Ann. v. 94 Vahl.): praepetibus pinnis ausus se credere caelo,Verg. A. 6, 15: Boreas,Val. Fl. 1, 578: volatus,Plin. 7, prooem. 1. § 4: ferrum, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 3 (Ann. 437 Vahl.): Victoria, Cn. Matius ap. Gell. 6, 6: praepeti evolare cursu,Sen. Hippol. 1061: dextra,Aus. Ep. 146, 20: notarum praepetum,id. ib. 146, 1: praepetes aves quidam dici aiunt, quia secundum auspicium faciant praetervolantes, alii quod aut ea, quae praepetamus, indicent, aut quod praetervolant: alii ex Graeco tractum putant, quod ante conspectum volent nostrum. Ceterum poëtae promiscue omnes aves ita appellant,Fest. p. 205 Müll. In gen., winged: quem praepes ab Ida Sublimem pedibus rapuit Jovis armiger uncis,Verg. A. 5, 254: tela praepetis dei, i. e. Cupidinis,Ov. H. 8, 38.Subst.: praepĕs, ĕtis. Fem., a bird, Ov. M. 13, 617: Jovis, i. e. aquila,id. ib. 4, 713; 14, 576: quae (columba), super ingenti circumdata praepetis umbrā, i. e. accipitris,Val. Fl. 8, 32. In partic., a prophetic bird, from whose flight something favorable was predicted (cf.: oscines, alites): praepetis omina pinnae,Verg. A. 3, 361; cf. Liv. 7, 26: hanc ubi praepetibus pinnis lapsuque volantem Conspexit Marius augur, Poët. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 47, 106: (praepetes sunt, quae secundo auspicio ante eum volant, qui auspicatur. Praepetes aut superiora tenent, et praepetes vocantur; aut inferiora, et dicuntur inferae. Praepetes autem ideo, quia omnes aves priora petunt volantes: vel a Graeco πέτομαι, id est volo, Serv.; cf. supra the passage from Fest.). Masc.: Medusaeus,
Pegasus
,Ov. M. 5, 257.Masc., of Perseus himself, Luc. 9, 662 and 688.Transf., lucky, propitious, fortunate (ante-class.): pulchrique loci, Enn. ap. Gell. 6, 6, 9 (Ann. v. 97 Vahl.): portus,id. 6, 6, 9, § 6 (Ann. v. 478 Vahl.).
praepeto prae-pĕto, ĕre, v. a., to strive diligently after, Fest. s. v. praepetes, p. 245 Müll. (v. praepes, A. 1).
praepilatus prae-pĭlātus, a, um, Part. [2. pila], furnished in front, i. e. tipped with a ball or button (not before the Aug. per.). Lit.: pila praepilata, Auct. B. Afr. 72: missilia, darts or javelins with a blunt point rounded like a ball, that they might not inflict wounds, something like our foils, Liv. 26, 51, § 17: hasta,Plin. 8, 6, 6, § 17: cornua,id. 9, 30, 50, § 95.Trop.: declamationes, quibus ad pugnam forensem, velut praepilatis, exerceri solebamus,Quint. 5, 12, 17.
praepilo praepĭlo, no perf., ātum, 1, v. a.praepilum, to point in front or at the end like a pilum (post-class.): praepilatis missilibus principiis pugnae tentatis, Amm. 24, 6, 10To throw forwards, hurl before (postclass.): praepilabantur missilia,Amm. 16, 12, 36.
praepinguis prae-pinguis, e, adj., very fat (poet. and in post-Aug. prose). Lit.: sues,Plin. 8, 51, 77, § 207: solum,i. e.
praeplecto prae-plecto, ĕre, v. a., to strike before, Not. Tir. p. 107. In part. perf.: praeplexus,Not. Tir. p. 107.
praepollentia praepollentĭa, ae, f.prae-polleo, excellence (late Lat.), Aug. in Psa. 70, Serm. 1, 15.
praepolleo prae-pollĕo, ēre, v. n., to exceed or surpass in power, to be very powerful, to be very remarkable or distinguished (perh. not ante-Aug.): quibus additis praepollebat,
he had the superiority
,Tac. A. 2, 45; 51: Phoenices mari praepollebant,id. ib. 11, 14: puella praepollet pulcritudine,App. M. 6, p. 182, 29. Hence, praepollens, entis, P. a., very powerful, very distinguished: gens divitiis praepollens,Liv. 1, 57: vir, virtute,id. 5, 34. Comp.: vis oculorum praepollentior, Aug. Civ. Dei, 22, 29.‡ * praepondĕrātĭo, ōnis, f.praepondero, preponderance: praeponderatio, ῥοπή, Gloss. Lat. Gr.
praepondero prae-pondĕro, āre, v. n. and a.Neutr., to be of greater weight, to preponderate, incline (post-Aug.; cf. propendeo). Lit.: ne, portionum aequitate turbatā, mundus praeponderet,Sen. Q. N. 3, 10, 3: quotiens in alterum latus praeponderans declinarat sarcina,App. M. 7, 17.Trop.To be of more weight or influence, to have the preference: aliquis reum me defendit, sed uxorem meam violavit ... in comparatione beneficii praeponderavit injuria,Sen. Ben. 6, 4, 1: quamvis injuriae praeponderent,id. Ep. 81, 4: honestas praeponderat,Gell. 1, 3, 25: exsul,Stat. Th. 8, 615.To turn the scale, give a decision, incline: in humaniorem partem,Sen. Clem. 1, 2, 2: si neutro litis condicio praeponderet,
decides neither one way nor the other
,Quint. 7, 2, 39: quo praeponderet alea fati,Luc. 6, 603. Absol., to show preference, to act with partiality: inter duos liberos pari desperatione languentes, da bonum patrem, non praeponderabit,Quint. Decl. 8, 9; cf.: neutrum, si in neutram partem praeponderet,
inclines
,Varr. L. L. 10, § 5 Müll.Act., to outweigh (class.): qui omnia metiuntur emolumentis et commodis, neque ea volunt praeponderari honestate,
praepono prae-pōno, pŏsui, pŏsĭtum, 3 (old perf. praeposivi, Plaut. Rud. 4, 2, 11. Sync. form praepostus, Lucr. 6, 999), v. a., to put or set before, to place first (syn.: praefero, praeficio). Lit. In gen.: versus, in primā fronte libelli,Ov. Tr. 1, 7, 33: praeponens ultima primis,Hor. S. 1, 4, 59; Cic. Att. 7, 3, 10: oportet, ut aedibus ac templis vestibula et aditus, sic causis principia proportione rerum praeponere,id. de Or. 2, 79, 320: de quā priusquam respondeo, pauca praeponam,
I will first make a few observations
,id. Fam. 11, 27, 1. In partic., to place or set over as chief, commander, or superintendent, to place at the head of, intrust with the charge or command of; to appoint or depute as: unum illum ex omnibus delegistis, quem bello praedonum praeponeretis,
,Amm. 14, 10, 5. Of the governor of a province; with dat.: Illyrico, Dalmatiae, etc.,Vell. 2, 112, 2; 2, 116, 2; absol., Suet. Galb. 12; 16; id. Oth. 1 al.; Vulg. Act. 7, 10.praepŏsĭta, ae, f. (eccl. Lat.), a prioress or abbess, Aug. Civ. Dei, 21, 8; id. Ep. 211. With the Stoics, praepŏsĭta, ōrum, n., for the Gr. προηγμένα, preferable or advantageous things, but which are not to be called absolutely good; such as wealth, beauty, etc. (class.): ista bona non dico, sed dicam Graece προηγμένα, Latine autem producta: sed praeposita, aut praecipua malo,Cic. Fin. 4, 26, 72 sq.: bonum negas esse divitias, praepositum esse dicis,id. ib. 4, 26, 73; cf. also,id. ib. 3, 16, 52; 54.
praeporto prae-porto, 1, v. a., to bear or carry before (poet.): tela,Lucr. 2, 621; Cat. 64, 193: prae se Scorpius infestus praeportans flebile acumen,Cic. Arat. 430 (682).
praeposita praepŏsĭta, ōrum, n., v. praepono, II. C.
praepositio praepŏsĭtĭo, ōnis, f.praepono. A putting or setting before, a preferring, preference, Cic. Fin. 3, 16, 54.A placing or setting over as commander or president, an appointing to command (postclass.): aliquem navi,Dig. 14, 1, 1, § 12. In gram., a preposition, Cic. Or. 47, 158; cf.: praeposito in privatur verbum eā vi, quam haberet, si in praepositum non fuisset,id. Top. 11: cum praepositione dicitur volgo ornamentum,Varr. L. L. 6, § 76 Müll.; Quint. 1, 4, 13 et saep.
praepositivus praepŏsĭtīvus, a, um, adj.id.. In gram., that is set before, prepositive: vocales,Prisc. p. 561 P.: conjunctio,Diom. p. 409 P.: praepositiones,Prisc. p. 986 P.
praepositura praepŏsĭtūra, ae, f.id., the office of a chief or overseer, etc. (post-class.): militares,Lampr. Elag. 6: horreorum et pagorum,Cod. Just. 10, 70, 2.
praepositus praepŏsĭtus, a, um, Part. and P. a., from praepono.
praepositus praepŏsĭtus, i, m., v. praepono, P. a. A.
praepossum prae-possum, pŏtui, posse, v. n., to be very powerful or more powerful, to have the superiority, get the upperhand (post-Aug.): postquam Macedones praepotuere,Tac. H. 5, 8. Hence, praepŏtens, tis (gen. plur. praepotentum, Sen. Ira, 3, 14, 2), P. a., very able or powerful (class.). Of persons: clari ac praepotentes viri,Cic. Rab. Post. 16, 44; id. Fin. 2, 18, 57; id. Off. 1, 30, 109: praepotentes fuimus,Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 15 dub. With abl.: praepotentes opibus,i. e.
praeposteratio praepostĕrātĭo, ōnis, f.praepostero, the reverse order (late Lat.), August. Mus. 3, 9, 20.
praepostere praepostĕrē, adv., v. praeposterus fin.
praeposteritas praepostĕrĭtas, ātis, f.praeposterus, a reversed order, inversion (post class.): si Juno est aër, Graeei nominis praeposte ritate repetita, i. e. by transposing the letters of the wordsἀὴρ and Ἥρα, Arn. 3, 118: PARENS AFFLICTVS PRAEPOSTERITATE NATVRAE HVNC FILIVM VNICVM HIC CONDIDI,Inscr. Orell. 4774.
praepostero praepostĕro, āvi, 1, v. a.praeposterus, to reverse, invert (post-class.): ordinem, Auct. Quint. Decl. 9: versus,August. Mus. 3, 9, 20.
praeposterus prae-postĕrus, a, um, adj., reversed, inverted, perverted, distorted, absurd, preposterous, unseasonable, etc. (class.; syn.: intempestivus, perversus). Of persons, absurd, preposterous: ut erat semper praeposterus atque perversus,Cic. Clu. 26, 71: imperator,id. Pis. 38, 92: homines,Sall. J. 85, 12. Of things concr. and abstract: praeposteri ficus,
praeproperanter praeprŏpĕranter, adv., v. praepropero fin.
praepropere praeprŏpĕrē, adv., v. praeproperus fin.
praepropero prae-prŏpĕro, āre, v. n., to hasten greatly: praeproperat, προπετεύεται, Gloss. Philox. Hence, * praeprŏpĕranter, adv., very hastily, very rapidly: certare,Lucr. 3, 779.
praeproperus prae-prŏpĕrus, a, um, adj., too quick or hasty, over-hasty, sudden, precipitate (class.): praepropera festinatio,Cic. Fam. 7, 8, 1: prensatio,id. Att. 1, 1, 1: celeritas,Liv. 31, 42: ingenium,
praepurgo prae-purgo, āre, v. a., to purge or cleanse beforehand (post-class.), Cael. Aur. Tard. 1, 4, 128.
praeputiatio praepūtĭātĭo, ōnis, f.praeputio, a retaining of the foreskin, the state of being uncircumcised, uncircumcision (eccl. Lat.; opp. circumcisio),Tert. adv. Marc. 5, 4; Hilar. Trin. 1, 13.
praeputiatus praepūtĭātus, a, um, P. a., from praeputio.
praeputio praepūtĭo, āre, v. a.praeputium, to draw out the foreskin, Schol. Juv. 10, 206. Hence, praepūtĭātus, a, um, P. a., having the foreskin, uncircumcised (eccl. Lat.), Tert. adv. Marc. 5, 9.
praequestus prae-questus, a, um, Part. [queror], complaining beforehand (poet.): multa praequestus,Ov. M. 4, 251.
praeradio prae-rădĭo, āre, v. n. and a.Neutr., to beam or glitter forth (poet.): pilenta praeradiant, Claud. Nupt. Honor. et Mar. 286.Act., to outshine: Bacchi conjux Praeradiat stellis signa minora suis,Ov. H. 6, 116.
praerado prae-rādo, no perf., sum, 3, v. a.To scrape or shave off in front: latus alterum,Cato, R. R. 41; Paul. Nol. Ep. 7, sect. 2. To shear or shave off before: praerasi capilli,Cael. Aur. Tard. 5, 4, 74; id. Acut. 1, 11, 79.
praerancidus prae-rancĭdus, a, um, adj., very stale; trop., obsolete: finitiones, Probus ap. Gell. 13, 20, 1.
praereptor praereptor, ōris, m.praeripio, one who seizes a thing before another, a forestaller (eccl. Lat.): fllius, qui ad benedictionem fratris praereptor adstiterat,Hier. Ep. 36, n. 15.
praereptus praereptus, a, um, Part., from praeripio.
praerigesco prae-rĭgesco, gŭi, 3, v. inch. n., to become exceedingly stiff (post - Aug.): ita praeriguisse manus,Tac. A. 13, 35.
praerigidus prae-rĭgĭdus, a, um, adj., very stiff, very rigid (late Lat.): mens, Auct. Quint. Decl. 17, 7.
praeripia prae-rīpĭa, ōrum, n.ripa, places on the banks of a river (post-class.): praeripia fluminis,App. Mag. p. 278, 17 (dub.; al. praerupia, q. v.).
praeripio prae-rĭpĭo, rĭpui, reptum, 3, v. a.rapio. In gen., to take away a thing before another, to snatch or tear away, to carry off (class.): quid huc venisti sponsam praereptum meam?Plaut. Cas. 1, 14: Tun meo patre es prognatus? Men. Immo equidem, meo. Tuom tibi ego neque occupare neque praeripere postulo, id. Men. 5, 9, 21: aliquem alicui,Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 81: maritum,Vulg. Gen. 30, 15: arma Minervae,Ov. Am. 1, 1, 7: aliis laudem,Cic. Rosc. Am. 1, 2; Hirt. B. G. 8, prooem. § 5: cum ea praerepta et extorta defensioni suae cerneret, in quibus, etc.,Plin. Ep. 3, 9, 16; cf. Hirt. ap. Suet. Caes. 56: alicui cibos,Plin. 10, 9, 11, § 27. In partic. To snatch away before the time, to carry off prematurely: deorum beneficium festinatione,Cic. Phil. 14, 2, 2: immaturā morte praereptus,Aur. Vict. Vir. Ill. 5: brevibus praereptus in annis, snatched away prematurely, sc. by death, Val. Fl. 5, 571: IN PRIMO AETATIS FLORE PRAEREPTVS,Inscr. Grut. 350, 6.To take away quickly: oscula,
to snatch kisses
,Lucr. 3, 896: codicillos, to take or seize hastily, Suet. Ner. 49.To forestall, anticipate: non praeripiam,
praerodo prae-rōdo, no perf., sum, 3, v. a.To gnaw in front, to gnaw at the end or tip (poet. and in post-Aug. prose): digitos suos,Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 93: teneros pampinos,Col. Arbor. 15.To gnaw, bite, or nibble off: praeroso hamo,Hor. S. 2, 5, 25: praerosa dentibus lingua,Plin. 7, 23, 23, § 87: conger et muraena caudas inter se praerodentes,id. 9, 62, 88, § 185.
praerogativatius praerŏgativatius, ii, m.praerogo, one that enjoys certain privileges or prerogatives (late Lat.), Cassiod. Var. 11, 27; cf. Symm. Ep. 3, 67.
praerogativus praerŏgātīvus, a, um, adj.praerogo, that is asked before others for his opinion, that votes before or first, prerogative (class.). Adj.: centuria praerogativa,Cic. Planc. 20, 49; cf. Fest. p. 249 Müll.; Becker, Antiq. II. 3, p. 3 sq., and the authorities there cited; Mommsen, Die Röm. Tribus, p. 64 sq. More freq., Subst.: praerŏgā-tīva, ae, f. (sc. tribus or centuria). Lit., the tribe or century to which it fell, by lot, to vote first in the Comitia, Cic. Div. 1, 45, 103: praerogativa Veturia juniorum (because it was double, juniorum and seniorum),Liv. 26, 22, 2; cf.: cum sors praerogativae Aniensi juniorum exisset,id. 24, 7 fin.; cf. id. 26, 22, 2: Q. Fabium et praerogativae et primo vocatae omnes centuriae consulem dicebant, i. e. the centuriae equitum who, in that ancient time, voted first,id. 10, 22, 1; cf.: praerogativae sunt tribus, quae primae suffragium ferunt ante jure vocatas. Mos enim fuerat, quo facilius in comitiis concordia populi firmaretur, bina omnia de iisdem candidatis comitia fieri: quorum tribus primae praerogativae dicebantur, quod primae rogarentur, quos vellent consules fieri, secundae jure vocatae, quod in his, sequente populo, ut saepe contigit, praerogativarum voluntatem, jure omnia complerentur, Ascon. ap. Cic. Verr. 1, 9, 26. Collect. of the same; praerogativa, with plur.: praerogativa tribunum militum non petentem creant,Liv. 5, 18, 1. In plur.: praerogativae of two comitia,Cic. Verr. 1, 9, 26: omen praerogativae, i. e. the choice of the century that voted first, which was regarded as an omen, id. Mur. 18, 38; cf.: praerogativam etiam majores omen justorum comitiorum esse voluerunt,id. Div. 1, 45, 103: praerogativam referre, said of the herald who informed the magistrate holding the comitia of the choice of the century that voted first,id. ib. 2, 35, 74; also praerogativam renuntiare,id. Phil. 2, 33, 82. Because the other tribes or centuries readily followed the praerogativa; hence, transf. A previous choice or election: militaris,Liv. 21, 3, 1: comitiorum militarium,id. 3, 51, 8: equitum,id. 28, 9 fin.A sure sign, token, pregnostie, omen: quod si triumphi praerogativam putas supplicationem, Cato ap. Cic. Fam. 15, 5, 2: voluntatis suae,Cic. Verr. 1, 9, 26: fecunditatis in feminis,Plin. 7, 16, 14, § 67.Preference, privilege, prerogative: decoris in gemmis,Plin. 37, 9, 46, § 129: magni enim faciunt provinciales, servari sibi consuetudinem istam, et hujusmodi praerogativas,Dig. 1, 16, 4; cf. ib. 26, 7, 11: vetus illa imperatoriae domūs praerogativa,Eum. Pan. ad Constant. 2; Ambros. in Psa. 43, 13; 118, Serm. 2, 14 fin.
praerogatus prae-rŏgātus, a, um, P. a., v. praerogo fin.
praerogo prae-rŏgo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.To ask before another, to ask first: sententias, non more atque ordine, sed prout libuisset, praerogabat,Suet. Aug. 35.To pay beforehand or in advance: pensionem,Dig. 19, 2, 19: expensas,Cod. Just. 10, 31, 20. Hence, praerŏgātus, a, um, P. a., asked before (class.): cujus in honore non unius tribus pars, sed comitia tota comitiis fuerint praerogata,Cic. Planc. 20, 49 (al. praerogativa): lex, proposed previously, Cod. 16, 11, 1.
praerosus praerōsus, a, um, Part., from praerodo.
praerumpo prae-rumpo, rūpi, ruptum, 3, v. a., to break or tear off before or in front (class.): retinacula classis,Ov. M. 14, 547: funes praerumpebantur,
,Dig. 28, 3, 6. Hence, praerūpium, ii, n.prae - rupes, the rocky wall, line, or wall of rocks (late Lat.): fluminis,App. Mag. 8, p. 278 med. (dub.; al. praeripia, q. v.); Serv. Verg. A. 6, 704; sing., Tert. adv. Marc. 4, 38.
praerupta praerupta, ōrum, and praeruptus, a, um, v. praerumpo.
praerupte praerupte, a false read. for praealtus, Plin. 34, 15, 43, § 149; v. Sillig ad h. l.
praerutilus prae-rŭtĭlus, a, um, adj., very red (poet.), Auct. Carm. de Judicio Dom. 202.
praes praes, praedis, m.prae and vas, vadis, a surety, bondsman (in money matters; whereas vas denotes a surety in general; class.; cf.: sponsor, vindex). Lit.: praedia dicta, item ut praedes, a praestando: quod ea pignore data publice mancupis fidem praestent,Varr. L. L. 5, § 40 Müll.: praes, qui a magistratu interrogatus, in publicum ut praes siet, a quo et cum respondet, dicit praes,id. ib. 6, § 74; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 223 Müll.: manceps dicitur qui quid a populo emit conducitve: qui idem praes dicitur, quia tam debet, praestare populo quod promisit, quam is, qui pro eo praes factus, Fest. s. v. manceps, p. 151 Müll.: praedes dicuntur satisdatores locupletes pro re, de quā apud judicem lis est, ne interea, qui tenet, diffidens causae, possessionem deteriorem faciat, tecta dissipet, excidat arbores et culta deserat,Ascon. Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 45, § 115: praedes pecuniae publicae accipere,id. Fam. 2, 17, 4: praedem esse pro aliquo,id. Att. 12, 52, 1: praedes dare,id. Rab. Post. 4, 8: praedem fieri,id. Att. 13, 3, 1: per praedem agere,id. ib. 9, 9, 4: praedes tenentur,id. Fam. 5, 20, 3: cavere populo praedibus ae praediis, an old formula, signifying to procure security to the people by bondsmen and their property, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 54, § 142: quis subit in poenam capitali judicio? vas. Quid, si lis fuerit nummaria? quis dabitur? praes,Aus. Idyll. 12: praedesque eo nomine praetori dabuntur,Gai. Inst. 4, 13: jubebat praedes adversario dare litis,id. ib. 4, 16.Transf., the property of sureties: praedes vendere,Cic. Phil. 2, 31, 78.Trop.: cum sex libris, tamquam praedibus, me ipsum obstrinxerim,Cic. Att. 6, 1, 8.
praes praes, adv.prae, at hand, now (ante-class.): ibi tibi parata praes est,Plaut. Pers. 2, 4, 17.
praesaepe praesaepe (praesēpe), is, n., and praesaepes or praesaepis, is, f.; also, praesaepĭa, ae, f., and praesae-pĭum (each of these forms less correctly written praesēp-), ii, n.praesaepio, prop. an enclosure of any kind; hence, a stable, stall, fold, pen (syn. stabulum). Lit.: praesaepis bubus hibernas,Cato, R. R. 14: si villa habebat praesaepias laxas,Varr. R. R. 1, 13, 6 (al. praesaepes, al. praesaepis): stabant ter centum (equi) nivei in praesaepibus altis,Verg. A. 7, 275: in praesaepibus ursi,id. ib. 7, 17: nocturna claudere praesaepia,
,Juv. 1, 59. A crib, manger: bonas praesaepis,Cato, R. R. 4: in praesaepiis,Varr. R. R. 2, 5: accedit ad praesaepe,Phaedr. 2, 8, 22: non altius edita esse praesaepia convenit, quam, etc.,Col. 1, 6: praesaepium meum hordeo passim repleri jubet,App. M. 7, p. 194, 3.Transf.A hut, hovel; a dwelling, tavern: quin reciperet se ad praesaepem suam,Plaut. Curc. 2, 1, 13. Mostly plur.: scit, si id impetret, futurum, quod amat, intra praesaepis suas,i. e.
,Cic. Pis. 18, 42.A crib, com. for a table: scurra vagus, non qui certum praesaepe teneret,Hor. Ep. 1, 15, 28.The space between the two stars called Aselli in the sign of the Crab, Plin. 18, 35, 80, § 353.
praesaepia praesaepĭa, ae, v. praesaepe.
praesaepio prae-saepĭo (-sēpĭo), psi, ptum, 4, v. a., to fence in front, to block up, barricade (class.): aditus atque itinera trabibus,Caes. B. C. 1, 27: loca montuosa sublicis,id. ib. 3, 49: omni aditu praesaepto,id. B. G. 7, 77.
praesagatus prae-sāgātus, a, um, Part. [sago], perceived beforehand, presaged (eccl. Lat.): scala,Hier. Ep. 3, n. 4.
praesagio prae-sāgĭo, īvi, 4 (in the deponent form: animus plus praesagitur mali,
presages
,Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 28), v. a.Lit., to feel or perceive beforehand, to have a presentiment of a thing (class.): sagire, sentire acute est. Is igitur, qui ante sagit quam oblata res est, dicitur praesagire, id est futura ante sentire,Cic. Div. 1, 31, 65; cf.: praesagire est praedivinare, praesipere: sagax enim est acutus et sollers, Paul. ex Fest. p. 223 Müll.: praesagibat mihi animus, frustra me ire,Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 1: hoc ipsum praesagiens animo,Liv. 30, 20; Prop. 3, 11 (4, 10), 5: aliquid in futurum,Cels. 2, 2: equi praesagiunt pugnam,Plin. 8, 42, 64, § 157.Transf., to forebode, foreshow, predict, presage (syn.: vaticinor, divino): exiguitas copiarum recessum praesagiebat, foretold to me, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 10, 1: galli canendo Boeotiis praesagivere victoriam,Plin. 10, 21, 24, § 49: luna tempestatem praesagiet, Varr. ap. Plin. 18, 35, 79, § 348.
praesagitio praesāgītĭo, ōnis, f.praesagio, a presentiment, foreboding, the faculty of divining or presaging (class.; cf.: praedictio, divinatio, praesagium, praesensio): inest in animis praesagitio extrinsecus injecta, atque inclusa divinitus,Cic. Div. 1, 31, 66: divina,id. ib. 1, 54, 123: praesagitio dicta, quod praesagire est acute sentire. Unde sagae dictae anus, quae multa sciunt, et sagaces canes, qui ferarum cubilia praesentiunt, Paul. ex Fest. p. 255 Müll.
praesagium praesāgĭum, ii, n.id., a presentiment, foreboding, prognostic, presage (poet. and in post-Aug. prose; cf. praesagitio): vatum praesagia,Ov. M. 15, 879: mentis,id. ib. 6, 510: puella praesagio malorum jam vitae exempta,Tac. A. 14, 64: tempestatis futurae,Col. 11, 1: praesagium atque indicia futuri periculi,
praesago praesāgo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.praesagus, to forebode, presage, have a presentiment of (late Lat.): cogitatio praesagantis,Cassiod. Var. 5, 3: prodigiosa ostenta,App. M. 9, p. 235, 22: futura rerum,id. Mag. 43, p. 301 fin.; Hier. Ep. 3, 4.
praesaltor praesaltor, ōris, m.prae- 2. salio, he who led the dances of the Salii: praesaltor, ὁ ἐν τοῖς ἱεροῖς προορχούμενος, Vet. Gloss.
praesanesco prae-sānesco, sānui, 3, v. incept., to begin to heal prematurely, to close up too soon: cicatrices, quae praesanuere, aperit,Plin. 24, 10, 43, § 73.
praesano prae-sāno, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to heal up prematurely (Plinian): ulcera praesanata,Plin. 26, 41, 87, § 147 (in Plin. 24, 10, 43, § 73, the true reading is praesanuere, v. praesanesco).
praescio prae-scĭo, īvi, ītum, 4, v. a., to know beforehand, to foreknow (poet. and in postAug. prose): nonne oportuit praescisse me ante?Ter. And. 1, 5, 4: eum haec praescisse,Suet. Tib. 67. Esp. (in eccl. Lat.), of God's foreknowledge: praescivit et praedestinavit,Vulg. Rom. 8, 29; 11, 2; Ambros. in Luc. 7, 167. Hence, adv.: praescĭ-enter, with foreknowledge, Anon. (Hilar.) in Job, 1, p. 77.
praescisco prae-scisco, ĕre, v. inch. a., to find out, or learn beforehand (not in Cic. or Cæs.): animos volgi,Verg. G. 4, 70: exploratam fugam,Col. 9, 9, 4: adversos subitosque motus,Amm. 20, 6, 9. With rel.-clause, Liv. 27, 35, 5.
praescitus praescītus, ūs, m.id., a foreknowing, prescience (post-class.): quae sint fortassis regi praescitui, Val. Rer. Gest. Alex. M. 1, 49.
praescius prae-scĭus, a, um, adj., foreknowing, prescient (poet. and in post-Aug. prose): corda,Verg. A. 12, 452: lingua,Ov. F. 1, 538. With gen. obj.: vates Praescia venturi,Verg. A. 6, 66: vox sortis,Val. Fl. 5, 529: facere aliquem praescium rei alicujus,
to inform one of something in advance
,Tac. A. 11, 29: periculorum,id. ib. 6, 21: quae duo praescius futurorum Deus fecit,Lact. 2, 9, 11; 4, 26, 40; Sulp. Sev. Dial. 1, 13, 6.
praescribo prae-scrībo, psi, ptum, 3, v. a., to write before, in front, or previously, to prefix in writing (syn.: praefinio, praestituo). Lit.: pagina nomen sibi quae Vari praescripsit,Verg. E. 6, 11: monimentis consulum nomina,Tac. A. 3, 57; cf.: praescriptum (sc. in signis) Vespasiani nomen,id. H. 3, 13: nomen ipsius virtutis libro,Gell. 11, 16, 7: epistula, cui titulus praescriptus est, pluria non plura dici debere,id. 5, 21, 10: auctoritates praescriptae,
the recorded names of senators present when a decree was made
,Vell. 2, 21, 1.Transf., to trace out: praescripta lineamenta,Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 92.Trop.To order, appoint, direct, command, prescribe: finem rebus,Ter. And. 1, 1, 124: sic enim praescripsimus iis, quibus ea negotia mandavimus, ut, etc.,Cic. Fam. 13, 26, 2: cum ei praescriptum esset, ne, etc.,id. Att. 16, 3, 6: iis praescribendus est imperandi modus,id. Leg. 3, 2, 5: lege aliquid,id. Clu. 53, 147: si ipse populo Romano non praescriberet, quemadmodum suo jure uteretur, etc.,Caes. B. G. 1, 36: quid fieri oporteret, ipsi sibi praescribere poterant,id. ib. 2, 20: ut majorum jura moresque praescribunt,Cic. Font. 16, 36: curationem valetudinis,id. Div. 2, 59, 123: jura civibus,id. Sen. 9, 27: senatui quae sunt agenda,id. ib. 6, 18: praescribere et constituere aliquid,id. Caecin. 27, 76: praescribere aliquid et quasi imperare,id. Ac. 2, 3, 8: praescriptis verbis agendum est,Dig. 19, tit. 19, 2. In law, to bring an exception against, to except, object, or demur to: ignominioso patri filius praescribit,Quint. 7, 5, 3; Dig. 47, 15, 3.To dictate: carmina,Tib. 4, 1, 177.To write down, put down in writing: testamentum litteris,Dig. 29, 1, 40. (I. q. praetexere, obtentui sumere.) To use as a pretext: aliquem,Tac. A. 4, 52; 11, 16; cf. praescriptio, II. A.To describe or depict beforehand: tum (Nero) formam futuri principatūs praescripsit,Tac. A. 13, 4. Hence, praescriptum, i, n., something prescribed, a copy, task, lesson to imitate or to get by heart (class.). Lit.: puerile praescriptum,Sen. Ep. 94, 9: pueri ad praescriptum discunt,id. ib. 94, 51.Trop.A precept, order, rule: praescripta candida supremae calcis, i. e. metae,Lucr. 6, 92: omnia legum imperio et praescripto fieri videbitis,Cic. Clu. 53, 147; so, legis,Suet. Claud. 14; Amm. 14, 1, 5; 29, 1, 27: praescripta servare,Cic. Off. 1, 26, 92: ad praescriptum,
praescriptio praescriptĭo, ōnis, f.praescribo. A writing before or in front, a prefixing in writing; hence, meton., a title, inscription, preface, introduction, commencement: praescriptio legis,Cic. Agr. 2, 9, 22: tribuniciae potestatis,Tac. A. 1, 7.Trop.A pretext, excuse, pretence: ut honestā praescriptione rem turpissimam tegerent,Caes. B. C. 3, 32.A precept, order, rule, law: dummodo illa praescriptio moderatioque teneatur,Cic. Cael. 18, 42: hanc normam, hanc regulam, hanc praescriptionem esse naturae, a quā, etc.,id. Ac. 2, 46, 140: rationis,id. Tusc. 4, 9, 22: in hac praescriptione semi-horae,id. Rab. Perd. 2, 6: sine praescriptione generis aut numeri,
without previous limitation
,Tac. A. 6, 15. In law, an exception, objection, demurrer: aut intentio, aut praescriptio habet controversiam,Quint. 7, 5, 2: praescriptionem alicui opponere,Dig. 44, tit. 44, 11. Esp., a limitation of the subject-matter in a suit, by a form of words: praescriptiones autem appellatas ab eo, quod ante formulas praescribuntur,Gai. Inst. 4, 132; cf. id. ib. 4, 130 sqq.Transf., a philosophical objection, a subtlety, sophism: exceptiones et praescriptiones philosophorum,Sen. Ep. 48, 12.Limitation as to time, prescription, Dig. 18, 1, 76.
praescriptive praescriptīvē, adv., v. praescriptivus fin.
praescriptivus praescriptīvus, a, um, adj.praescribo, II. B., of or relating to a legal exception or demurrer (post-class.): praescriptivae quaestiones, Jul. Vict. Art. Rhet. 3, 10: quaestiunculae,id. ib. 4, 1: praescripti vum praecedens,Sulp. Viet. Inst. Or. p. 282. Adv.: praescriptīvē, with an exception (eccl. Lat.): occurrere,Tert. adv. Marc. 4, 1.
praescriptum praescriptum, i, n., v. praescribo fin.
praescriptus praescriptus, a, um, Part., from praescribo.
praescriptus praescriptus, ūs, m.praescribo, a precept (eccl. Lat.), Tert. Exhort. ad Cast. 3.
praeseca praesĕca or praesĭca, ae, a word assumed for the etym. of brassica, Varr. L. L. 5, § 104 Müll.
praeseco prae-sĕco, cŭi, ctum, or cātum, 1, v. a., to cut off before or in front, to cut off or out (not in Cic.). Lit.: pars cultello praesecatur,Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 34: brassica ut praesica, quod ex ejus scapo minutatim praesecatur,id. L. L. 5, § 104 Müll.: partem,Ov. R. Am. 112: projecturas tignorum,Vitr. 4, 2: lineam,Plin. 32, 2, 5, § 13: praesecta vitis,id. 17, 15, 25, § 115: praesecata gula,App. M. 1, p. 108, 15.Trop.: praesectum decies non castigavit ad unguem, has not corrected by the pared nail, i. e. to perfect accuracy, Hor. A. P. 294 Bentl. and Haupt (but the better reading is perfectum).
praesectus praesectus, a, um, Part., from praeseco.
praesegmen praesegmen, ĭnis, n.praeseco, a piece cut off, a paring (ante- and postclass.): tonsor omnia abstulit praesegmina,Plaut. Aul. 2, 4, 33; cf.: praesegmina proprie Plautus in Aululariā ea dici voluit, quae unguibus eminulis praesecantur,Non. 151, 33: cadaverum,App. M. 2, p. 123, 24.
praeseminatio praesēmĭnātĭo, ōnis, f.praesemino, a fœtus (only in Vitr.), Vitr. 2, 9, 1.
praesemino prae-sēmĭno, no perf., ātum, 1, v. a., to sow or plant beforehand (post-class.). Lit.: non nati sunt homines tamquam ex draconis dentibus praeseminati,Lact. 6, 10: vis naturalis, et quasi praeseminata, Aug Gen. ad Lit. 3, 14.Trop., to lay the foundation for, to prepare for, to undertake a thing: majora sibi praeseminans, Amm. 30, 2, 1; Ambros. Ep. 5, 3; Cassiod. Hist. Eccl. 6, 24.
praesens praesens, entis, v. praesum fin.
praesensio praesensĭo, ōnis, f.praesentio. A foreboding, presentiment (class.; syn. praesagium): praesensio et scientia rerum futurarum,Cic. Div. 1, 1, 1: praedictiones et praesensiones rerum futurarum,id. N. D. 2, 3, 7. Absol.: per exta inventa praesensio,Cic. Top. 20, 77.A preconception, = πρόληψις, Cic. N. D. 2, 17, 45.
praesensus praesensus, a, um, Part., from praesentio.
praesentanee praesentānĕē, adv., v. praesentaneus fin.
praesentaneus praesentānĕus, a, um, adj.praesens. Momentary, instantaneous (late Lat.): commotio, Lact. de Ira Dei, 21, 8.That operates quickly or immediately (post-Aug.): remedium,Plin. 21, 31, 105, § 180: venenum,id. 24, 1, 1, § 2: (remedium) quam posset velocissimum ac praesentaneum coquere,Suet. Ner. 33; Sen. Ep. 95, 25. Subst.: praesentānĕum, i, n., a remedy that operates quickly, Plin. 30, 9, 23, § 79. Adv.: praesentānĕē, forthwith, immediately (post-class.), Theod. Prisc. ad Tim. Fr. praef. 1.
praesentarius praesentārius, a, um, adj.id., that is at hand, ready, quick, present (ante- and post-class. for praesens): id quod mali (haruspices) promittunt, praesentarium est (opp.: pro spisso evenit),
praesentatio praesentātĭo, ōnis, f.praesento, a placing before, a showing, representation, exhibition (post-class.): tironis,Cod. Just. 12, 28, 2 (al. praestatio): adhuc in comminatione est (judicium), nondum in praesentatione,Aug. in Psa. 59, 6; id. Mir. S. Steph. 2, 5, 1.
praesentia praesentĭa, ae, f.praesens. In gen., a being before, in view, or at hand; presence (class.; cf. conspectus): alicujus aspectum praesentiamque vitare,Cic. Cat. 1, 7, 17: desiderium praesentiae tuae,id. Fam. 5, 8, 5: urget praesentia Turni,Verg. A. 9, 73. In plur.: deorum praesentiae,Cic. N. D. 2, 66, 166: praesentiam sui facere,
,Caes. B. G. 5, 43, 4; Cic. Mil. 23; Plin. 8, 25, 38, § 92. For the phrase in praesentia (sc. tempora), v. praesens, s. v. praesum.Impression, efficacy, effect: tanta est praesentia veri,Ov. M. 4, 611. In partic., protection, assistance: PRAESENTIAE MATRIS DEVM,Inscr. Grut. 28, 4.
praesentia praesentĭa, ium, n.plur., v. praesens, s. v. praesum fin.
praesentisco praesentisco, ĕre, v. inch. a. [praesentio], to begin to have a presentiment of, Ter. Heaut. 4, 5, 21, acc. to Prisc. p. 824 P. (al. persentisceres).
praesento praesento, no perf. (praesentisse, Pac. ap. Pan. Theod. 3), ātum, 1, v. a.praesens, to place before, exhibit to view, to show, present, hold out (post-Aug.): sarcitis bubulas carnes praesentat,
looks like
,Plin. 37, 10, 67, § 181 (al. repraesentat): caput ab Achillā Caesari praesentatum est, handed or presented to, Aur. Vict. Vir. Ill. 77: supplicanti, statim sese Juno praesentat,
shows herself
,App. M. 6, p. 175, 3; cf. id. ib. 10, p. 240; 11, p. 243.
praesepe praesēpe, praesēpio, etc., v. praesaep-.
praesepis praesēpis, is, and praesēpĭum, ii, v. praesepe.
praeseptus praeseptus, a, um, Part., from praesepio.
praeservio prae-servĭo, īre, v. a., to serve as a slave (ante- and post-class.). Lit.: alicui,Plaut. Am. prol. 124.Trop.: verbum neque numeris, neque generibus praeserviens,Gell. 1, 7, 6.
praeservo prae-servo, āre, v. a., to observe beforehand (post-class.): aliquid,Cael. Aur. Acut. 3, 8: liberum se a dominationibus, Hilar. in Psa. 118, 16, 3.
praeses praesĕs, ĭdis (gen. plur. praesidium, Flor. 2, 17, 16), adj. and subst. [praesideo]. Sitting before a thing, to guard, take care of, or direct it; presiding, protecting, guarding, defending: locus,
,Tac. H. 4, 53.Subst.: praesĕs, ĭdis, comm.A protector, guard, guardian, defender: ite nunc jam ex praesidio praesides,Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 7: senatus rei publicae custos, praeses, propugnator,Cic. Sest. 65, 137: patrii Penates, qui huic urbi et rei publicae praesides estis,Cic. Dom. 57, 144: tribunus plebis, quem majores praesidem libertatis custodemque esse voluerunt,id. Agr. 2, 6, 15; Liv. 6, 16.Transf., in gen., one that presides over, a president, superintendent, head, chief, ruler: praeses belli,i. e.
,Suet. Aug. 23: quorum (praetorum) in provinciis jurisdictionem praesides earum habent, Gai. Inst. 1, 6; cf.: praesidis nomen generale est, eo quod et proconsules et legati Caesaris, et omnes provincias regentes (licet senatores sint) praesides appellentur,Dig. 1, tit. 1.
praesicco prae-sicco, āvi, 1, v. a., to dry beforehand (post-class.), Cael. Aur. Tard. 2, 14, 217; 4, 3, 53. Hence, prae-siccātus, a, um, dried beforehand (post-class.): succus sole praesiccatus,App. Herb. 124.
praesiccus prae-siccus, a, um, adj., very dry (post-class.): vulnera, Prud. στεφ. 5, 141.
praesidalis praesĭdālis or praesĭdĭālis, e, adj.praeses, of or belonging to the governor of a province, gubernatorial (postclass.): jus, Treb. Poll. XXX. Tyr. 24: jussio,Cod. Just. 4, 24, 11: judicium,ib. 9, 1, 18: officium,Amm. 28, 1, 5: apparitor,id. 17, 3, 6: vir,
praesidatus praesĭdātus (praesĭdĭātus), ūs, m.praeses, the office of governor of a province, governorship (post-class.): Dalmatiae,Vop. Carin. 17: praesidatu regere,Aur. Vict. Caes. 29; Dig. 27, 1, 6.
praesidens praesĭdens, entis, v. praesideo fin.
praesideo prae-sĭdĕo, sēdi (praesīdi in best MSS., Tac. A. 1, 76), ēre, v. n. and a. [sedeo], to sit before or in front of.Lit. (mostly postclass. and rare): pro aede Capitolini Jovis praesidere,Suet. Aug. 26.Transf., in time, to sit beforehand: in cujus (Mutini) sinu nubentes praesident, ut, etc.,Lact. 1, 20 fin.Trop.To guard, watch, protect, defend. With dat.: ego hic tibi praesidebo,Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 47: ego hic restitrix praesidebo,id. Truc. 4, 2, 5; id. Rud. 4, 4, 7: urbi,Cic. Phil. 13, 9, 20; Liv. 22, 11, 9; cf. id. 10, 17; 23, 32init.; 24, 40 init.; 36, 5, 5; 38, 51, 8: Gallia, quae semper praesidet atque praesedit huic imperio libertatique communi,Cic. Phil. 5, 13, 37: huic urbi, atque huic imperio,id. Sull. 31, 86. With acc.: socios,Sall. H. 2, 28 Dietsch: agros suos,id. ib. 3, 66: proximum Galliae litus,Tac. A. 4, 5: civium manus litora oceani praesidebat,id. ib. 4, 72.To preside over, to have the care or management of, to superintend, direct, command (syn. praesum). With dat.: ut idem ad portas urbanis praesideat rebus,Caes. B. C. 1, 85: Mars...praesidet armis,Ov. F. 3, 85: Actiacis ludis,Suet. Tib. 6: spectaculis,id. Claud. 7. With acc.: P. Atellio, qui Pannoniam praesidebat,
praesidero praesīdĕro, āre, v. n.prae-sidus, to be in advance of the constellations: praesiderare dicitur, cum maturius hiberna tempestas movetur, quasi ante sideris tempus, Paul. ex Fest. p. 223 Müll.; cf. Plin. 18, 25, 57, § 207.
praesidialis praesĭdĭālis, e, v. praesidalis.
praesidiarius praesĭdĭārĭus, a, um, adj.praesidium. Lit. In gen., that serves for defence or protection (not in Cic. or Cæs.): praesidiarii milites,
garrison soldiers
,Liv. 29, 8; cf.: dicti praesidiarii milites ante alios collocati qui erant, aut in alio loco praepositi, Fest. S. V. SVBSIDIVM, p. 306 Müll.: classis,Ascon. ad Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 34, § 86. In partic., of or belonging to the governor of a province, gubernatorial (post-class.): togam praesidiariam accepit (al. praesidariam),Spart. Sev. 1.Subst.: praesĭdĭārĭum, ii, n., a garrison, Not. Tir. p. 56.Transf.: praesidarii malleoli,
praesidiolum praesĭdĭŏlum, i, n.dim.praesidium, a small garrison, Not. Tir. p. 56.
praesidior praesĭdĭor, āri, v. dep.id., to watch, guard: praesidior, φρουρῶ, Gloss. Lat. Gr.
praesidium praesĭdĭum, ii, n.praeses. Lit., a presiding over; hence, defence, protection, help, aid, assistance; esp. of soldiers who are to serve as a guard, garrison, escort, or convoy: proficisci praesidio suis,Nep. Ages. 3: praesidio esse alicui,id. ib. 7: Caes. B. G. 1, 44: hanc sibi rem praesidio sperant futuram,Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 65, § 167: tectus praesidio firmo amicorum,id. Sull. 18, 51: absque me foret et meo praesidio, etc.,Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 61: ut meae stultitiae in justitiā tuā sit aliquid praesidii,Ter. Heaut. 4, 1, 33: in tutelā ac praesidio bellicae virtutis,Cic. Mur. 10, 22: Veneris praesidio ferox,Hor. C. 1, 15, 13. Esp. of soldiers acting as a guard, convoy, escort: legiones, quae praesidio impedimentis erant,Caes. B. G. 2, 19: regale,Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 30.Transf. That which aids, defends, or protects, defence, assistance, protection: ad hoc ipsum judicium cum praesidio venit,Cic. Rosc. Am. 5, 13: armatorum,id. Phil. 2, 44, 112; cf.: O et praesidium,
protector
,Hor. C. 1, 1, 2: quantum praesidium perdis,Verg. A. 11, 58. In partic., in milit. lang., those who by their presence protect a place, a camp, or a supply of arms or provisions, a guard, garrison, convoy, escort, troops, soldiers, etc.: praesidium est dictum, quia extra castra praesidebant loco aliquo, quo tutior regio esset,Varr. L. L. 5, § 90 Müll.: occupatoque oppido, ibi praesidium collocat,
,Cic. Att. 9, 3, 1: praesidia deducere,Caes. B. G. 2, 33: galeatum ponit ubique Praesidium,Juv. 8, 239.Any place occupied by troops, as a hill, a camp, etc.; a post, station, intrenchment, fortification, camp: qui propter metum praesidium relinquit,
,id. ib. 4, 49. Trop.: de praesidio et statione vitae decedere,Cic. Sen. 26, 73. In gen., aid, help, assistance of any kind, Plaut. Pers. 1, 3, 45: quod satis esset praesidii, dedit,
praesignatio praesignātĭo, ōnis, f.praesigno, a presignifying (eccl. Lat.), Aug. c. Faust. 22, 83.
praesignator praesignātor, ōris, m.id., one who marks out or designates beforehand, Inscr. Fabr. p. 38, n. 184; Inscr. Murat. 915, 6.
praesignificatio praesignĭfĭcātĭo, ōnis, f.praesignifico, a showing or signifying beforehand, presignification (eccl. Lat.): praesignificatio et figura majoris rei,Lact. 7, 15.
praesignifico prae-signĭfĭco, āre, v. a., to show or signify beforehand, to foreshow, presignify (only in the foll. passages): hominibus quae sint futura,Cic. Div. 1, 38, 82; 2, 49, 101.
praesigno prae-signo, āre, v. a., to mark before (ante-class. and post-Aug.): ad summum praesignato (al. pertundito),Cato, R. R. 154: furunculos,Plin. 28, 4, 7, § 36.
praesipio prae-sĭpĭo, pĕre, v. a.sapio, to feel beforehand, have a presentiment of: praesagire est praedivinare, praesipere, Fest. s. v. praesagire, p. 223 Müll.; cf.: adsipere et praesipere dicebant antiqui a sapiendo, Paul. ex Fest. s. v. adsipere, p. 21 Müll.
praesolidus prae-sŏlĭdus, a, um, adj., very solid (late Lat.). Lit., Coripp. Laud. Just. 3, 291.Trop., very firm, very constant, or steadfast: praesolidum Simonem dignum cognomine Petri,Juvenc. 1, 436.
praesono prae-sŏno, ui, 1, v. n. and a.To sound before (poet.): praesonuit solemni tibia cantu (al. personuit),Ov. Am. 3, 13, 11.To sound louder than, to sound above; with acc.: qui posset avena Praesonuisse chelyn,Calp. Ecl. 4, 65.
praespargo prae-spargo (-spergo), ĕre, v. a., to scatter or strew before, Lucr. 5, 738.
praespeculor prae-spĕcŭlor, āri, 1, v. dep., to examine into beforehand (late Lat.), Rustic. c. Aceph. p. 1233; hence, part. in pass. signif.: utilitate praespeculata,Amm. 25, 8, 11.
praespergo praespergo, v. praespargo.
praespero prae-spēro, āvi, 1, v. a., to hope beforehand (eccl. Lat.): qui praenunciabatur, ille et praesperabatur,Tert. adv. Marc. 5, 17.
praespicio praespĭcĭo, cĕre, v. a.prae-specio, to look at before, to regard beforehand, Not. Tir. p. 43; Cael. Aur. Tard. 1, 4, 83.
praestabilis praestābĭlis, e, adj.2. praesto, preeminent, distinguished, excellent (class.; usually only of things concr. and abstr.): res magnitudine praestabiles,Cic. de Or. 2, 85, 347: praestabilis insignisque virtus,id. Har. Resp. 19, 41: ingenium atque lingua,Gell. 10, 18, 6: linguā ac facundiā praestabilis,id. 18, 3, 3: (Deus) praestabilis super malitiā,
exalted
,Vulg. Joel, 2, 13. With inf.: Calchas praestabilis hariolari, i. e. hariolando,App. de Deo Socrat. p. 52, 4. Comp.: dignitas praestabilior,Cic. Prov. Cons. 16, 38: fuerat praestabilius,
preferable
,
better
,Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 4: nihil amicitiā praestabilius,Cic. Lael. 27, 104: utrum huic rei publicae melius fuisse et praestabilius me civem nosci an te?
Praestana Praestāna, ae, f.id., the goddess of excellence, who was worshipped because Romulus had surpassed all others in throwing javelins: Praestana est, ut perhibetis, dicta, quod Quirinus in jaculi missione cunctorum praestiterit viribus,Arn. 4, 128.
praestans praestans, antis, Part. and P. a., from 2. praesto.
praestanter praestanter, adv., v. 2. praesto, P. a. fin.
praestator praestātor, ōris, m.2. praesto, a surety (post - class.): qui advocantur ut praestatores, Front. Col. praef. p. 128 Goes.
praestergus praestergus, a, um, a false reading, Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 30; v. Ritschl ad h. l.
praesterno prae-sterno, ĕre, v. a., to strew or spread beforehand, to prepare (mostly anteand post-class.): eo praesternebant folia farferi (al. prosternebant),Plaut. Poen. 2, 32: altaria,
to prepare
,Stat. S. 3, 2, 114: jubet serta et elysios animae praesternere flores,id. ib. 5, 2, 257. Pass. fig.: tuis laudibus tuisque virtutibus materiam campumque praesterni,Plin. Pan. 31, 1: illud peto, praesternas, etc. (al. less correctly, praestruas),Plin. Ep. 5, 8, 14.
praestes praestĕs, ĭtis, comm.2. praesto, in relig. lang., an epithet of deities, presiding, protecting; as subst., a protector, guardian, president, etc. (poet. and post-class.): praestitem in eādem significatione dicebant antiqui, quā nunc dicimus antistitem, Paul. ex Fest. p. 223 Müll.: praestitibus Laribus,Ov. F. 5, 129: versus Orphici Liberum εὐβουλῆα vocantes, boni consilii hunc deum praestitem monstrant, Macr. S. 1, 18; Mart. Cap. 2, 40: PRAESTITI JOVI,Inscr. Grut. 22, 1.
praestigiae praestī^gĭae, ārum (rare in the sing.; praestigiae,Prud. Peristeph. 2, 86), f.praestinguo, deceptions, illusions, jugglers' tricks, sleights, feats of legerdemain; lit. and trop. (class.; cf. captio): patent praestigiae,Plaut. Capt. 3, 3, 9: verborum,
deceptive use of words
,Cic. Fin. 4, 27, 74: quasi praestigiis quibusdam et captionibus depelli,id. Ac. 2, 14, 45: omnes meos dolos, fallacias, Praestigias praestrinxit commoditas patris, Caecil. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 29, 73 (Com. Rel. p. 59 Rib.): non per praestigias, sed palam compilare,
praestigiator praestigĭātor, ōris, m.praestigiae, a juggler, cheat, impostor, deceiver (anteclass. and post-Aug.): praestigiator hic quidem Poenus probu' est,Plaut. Poen. 5, 3, 6; id. Aul. 4, 4, 3; Sen. Ep. 45, 8: pervicaci praestigiator actu,
the devil
,Prud. Cath. 6, 141 (with i long).
praestigiatrix praestigĭātrix, īcis, f.praestigiator, she who plays tricks, juggles, or deceives (Plautin.), Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 150; id. Truc. 1, 2, 31 Spengel ad loc.
praestigio praestigĭo, āre, v. a.praestigiae, to deceive by juggling tricks: illa tibi numinis praestigiat divinatio,Jul. Val. Rer. Gest. Alex. M. 1, 63.
praestigior praestigĭor, āri, v. dep.id., to practise sleight of hand: praestigior, ψηφοπαικτῶ, Gloss. Cyrill.
praestigiosus praestigĭōsus, a, um, adj.id., full of deceitful tricks, delusive (post-class.), Gell. 7, 14, 11: nihil praestigiosum, aut subdolum,Arn. 1, 32.
praestigium praestigĭum, ii, n., a delusion, illusion, trick: Γοητεία, praestigium, Gloss. ad Prud. Onom. Vet.: praestigiis absolvi,Amm. 14, 11, 23.
praestinguo prae-stinguo, ĕre, a false read. for praestringo, q. v.
praestino praestĭno, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.1. praes, to buy, purchase (ante- and post-class.): ego eo in macellum, ut piscium quidquid ibi'st, pretio praestinem,Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 36: piscis praestinatum abire,id. Capt. 4, 2, 68; cf.: praestinare apud Plautum praeemere est, i.e. emendo tenere, Paul. ex Fest. p. 223 Müll.: aliquid viginti denariis,App. M. 1, p. 113, 15: id omne praestinaturus,id. ib. 1, p. 104, 21 al.
praestitor praestĭtor, ōris, m.2. praesto, a giver (post-class.): praestitor et tributor,App. Trism. p. 92.
praestituo prae-stĭtŭo, ŭi, ūtum, 3, v. a.statuo, to determine or appoint beforehand, to prescribe (class.; syn.: praefinio, praescribo): ei rei dies Haec praestituast proxuma,Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 59; 2, 2, 29: diem praestituit operi faciundo,Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 56, § 148: nobis tempus,id. Quint. 9, 23: dies,Tert. Anim. 14, 3, 4. With a rel.-clause: praetor numquam petitori praestituit, quā actione illum uti velit, Cic. Caecin. 3, 8: nullā praestitutā die,
praestitus praestĭtus, a, um, Part., from 2. praesto.
praesto praestō (old collat. form praestū, acc. to Curtius Valerianus in Cassiod. p. 2289 P.: qui praestu sunt, Inscr. Carina Via Appia, 1, p. 217. In later time as adj.: prae-stus, a, um: bonorum officio praestus fui,Inscr. Grut. 669, 4), adv.dat. from praestus, a sup. form from prae, so that praesto esse alicui = to be or stand in the foremost place for or as respects one, at hand, ready, present, here; usually with esse (very freq. and class.). Lit.: ni tua propitia pax foret praesto,Plaut. Trin. 4, 1, 18: sed ubi est frater? Chaer. Praesto adest, Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 20; id. Heaut. 1, 1, 120; so Att. Tr. 498: quod adest praesto in primis placet,Lucr. 5, 1412; Lact. 3, 7, 10: sacrificiis omnibus praesto adesse,id. 2, 16, 10; more freq., praesto esse: ibi mihi praesto fuit L. Lucilius,Cic. Fam. 3, 5, 1: togulae lictoribus ad portam praesto fuerunt,id. Pis. 23, 55: tibi nulla fuit clementia praesto?
hadst thou no compassion?
Cat. 64, 137: praesto esse, to arrive, appear: hirundines aestivo tempore praesto sunt,Auct. Her. 4, 48, 61. Without esse (poet.): era, eccum praesto militem,Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 1: ipsum adeo praesto video,Ter. And. 2, 5, 4; Stat. Th. 6, 643. In partic: praesto esse or adire To be at hand, to attend or wait upon, to serve, aid: ero meo ut omnibus locis sine praesto,Plaut. Men. 5, 6, 26: jus civile didicit, praesto multis fuit,Cic. Mur. 9, 19: praesto esse clientem tuum?id. Att. 10, 8, 3: saluti tuae praesto esse, praesto esse virtutes ut ancillulas,id. Fin. 2, 21, 69; id. Fam. 4, 14, 4: ut ad omnia, quae tui velint, ita assim praesto, ut, etc.,id. ib. 4, 8, 1; id. Att. 4, 12, 1 fin.; also with videor,id. ib. 4, 12, 1fin. With adire: pauper erit praesto semper tibi, pauper adibit primus,
will be at hand
,
at your service
,Tib. 1, 5, 61. With esse, to present one's self in a hostile manner, to resist, oppose: si quis mihi praesto fuerit cum armatis hominibus,Cic. Caecin. 30, 87: quaestores cum fascibus mihi praesto fuerunt,Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 4, § 11.
praesto prae-sto, ĭti (post-class. also praestāvi), ātum or ĭtum, 1, v. n. and a.Neutr., to stand before or in front.Lit.: dum primae praestant acies,Luc. 4, 30.Trop., to stand out, be superior, to distinguish one's self, to be excellent, distinguished, admirable; constr. alicui aliquā re, alicui rei, in aliquā re, or absol. (class.): cum virtute omnibus praestarent,Caes. B. G. 1, 3: quantum praestiterint nostri majores prudentiā ceteris gentibus,Cic. de Or. 1, 44, 192: quā re homines bestiis praestent,id. Inv. 1, 4, 5: hoc praestat amicitia propinquitati, quod, etc.,id. Lael. 5, 19: Zeuxin muliebri in corpore pingendo plurimum aliis praestare,id. Inv. 2, 1, 1: ceteris,id. Ac. 1, 4, 16: suos inter aequales longe praestitit,id. Brut. 64, 230: omnes homines, qui sese student praestare ceteris animalibus,Sall. C. 1, 1: praestare honestam mortem existimans turpi vitae,Nep. Chabr. 4, 3: quantum ceteris praestet Lucretia,Liv. 1, 57, 7: cernere, quantum eques Latinus Romano praestet,id. 8, 7, 7: quantum vel vir viro vel gens genti praestat!id. 31, 7, 8: genere militum praestare tironibus,id. 42, 52, 10: tantum Romana in bellis gloria ceteris praestat,Quint. 1, 10, 14: qui eloquentiā ceteris praestet,id. 2, 3, 5; 2, 16, 17; Curt. 8, 14, 13; Just. 18, 3, 14; 28, 2, 11; 44, 3, 9: sacro, quod praestat, peracto,Juv. 12, 86: probro atque petulantiā maxume praestabant,
were pre-eminent
,
distinguished themselves
,Sall. C. 37, 5: truculentiā caeli praestat Germania,Tac. A. 2, 24: cur alias aliis praestare videmus Pondere res rebus?Lucr. 1, 358. Praestat, with a subjectclause, it is preferable or better: nimio impendiosum praestat te, quam ingratum dicier,
,Cic. Att. 14, 9, 2: praestare dicunt, Gallorum quam Romanorum imperia perferre,
it is better
,Caes. B. G. 1, 17: motos praestat componere fluctus,Verg. A. 1, 135; 3, 429; 6, 39.Act.To surpass, outstrip, exceed, excel (not in Cic. or Cæs.; constr. usually aliquem aliquā re): qui primus in alterutrā re praestet alios, Varr. ap. Non. 502, 23; Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 10; 3, 1, 3: quantum Galli virtute ceteros mortales praestarent,Liv. 5, 36, 4: qui belli gloriā Gallos omnes Belgasque praestabant,Hirt. B. G. 8, 6: praestate virtute peditem, ut honore atque ordine praestatis,Liv. 3, 61, 7: ut vetustate et gradu honoris nos praestent,id. 7, 30, 4; 34, 34, 14; 37, 30, 2: praestat ingenio alius alium,Quint. 1, 1, 3; Val. Max. 3, 2, 21; 3, 2, ext. 7; 7, 2, 17: honore ceteros,Nep. Att. 18, 5; 3, 3; id. Reg. 3, 5: imperatores prudentiā,id. Hann. 1, 1: eloquentiā omnes eo tempore,id. Epam. 6, 1. Only aliquem, Stat. Th. 4, 838.To become surety for, to answer or vouch for, to warrant, be responsible for, to take upon one's self, etc. (class.): ut omnes ministros imperii tui rei publicae praestare videare,Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 3: quem tamen ego praestare non poteram,id. Att. 6, 3, 5: quanto magis arduum est alios praestare quam se, tanto laudabilius,Plin. Pan. 83: communem incertumque casum neque vitare quisquam nostrum, nec praestare ullo pacto potest,Cic. Fam. 5, 17, 3: simus eā mente ut nihil in vitā nobis praestandum praeter culpam putemus, that we need only answer for guilt, i. e. keep ourselves clear of guilt, id. ib. 6, 1, 4: impetus populi praestare nemo potest,
no one can be held to answer for the outbreaks of the people
,id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3; cf. in pass.: cum id, quod ab homine non potuerit praestari, evenerit,
what none could vouch for that it would not happen
,id. Tusc. 3, 16, 34. With ab aliquā re: ego tibi a vi praestare nihil possum,Cic. Fam. 1, 4, 3. With de: quod de te sperare, de me praestare possum,Cic. Fam. 4, 15, 2. With an objectclause: quis potest praestare, semper sapientem beatum fore, cum, etc.?Cic. Tusc. 5, 10, 29; cf.: (praedones) nullos fore, quis praestare poterat?id. Fl. 12, 28: meliorem praesto magistro Discipulum,Juv. 14, 212. With ut: illius lacrimae praestant ut veniam culpae non abnuat Osiris,Juv. 6, 539. In gen., to fulfil, discharge, maintain, perform, execute: arbitramur nos ea praestitisse, quae ratio et doctrina praescripserit,Cic. N. D. 1, 3, 7: ultima exspectato, quae ego tibi et jucunda et honesta praestabo,id. Fam. 7, 17, 2: suum munus,id. de Or. 2, 9, 38: hospitii et amicitiae jus officiumque,id. Fam. 14, 4, 2: ne quem ejus paeniteret, praestiti,
,Juv. 3, 188: annua,id. 6, 480: triplicem usuram,id. 9, 7. Pass.: promissum id benignius est ab rege quam praestitum,Liv. 43, 18, 11: mea tibi tamen benevolentia fidesque praestabitur,Cic. Fam. 12, 2, 3; so, quibus (victoribus) senatūs fides praestabitur,id. Phil. 14, 11, 30: virtus vetat spectare fortunam dum praestetur fides,id. Div. 2, 37, 79: ni praestaretur fides publica,Liv. 2, 28, 7. In partic. To keep, preserve, maintain, retain: pueri, quibus videmur praestare rem publicam debuisse,Cic. Att. 10, 4, 5; Ov. M. 11, 748: omnes socios salvos praestare poteramus,Cic. Imp. Pomp. 18, 55: mors omnia praestat Vitalem praeter sensum calidumque vaporem,Lucr. 3, 214. To show, exhibit, to prove, evince, manifest: Pomptinius praestat tibi memoriam benevolentiamque, quam debet,Cic. Fam. 3, 10, 3: neque hercule in iis ipsis rebus eam voluntatem, quam exspectaram, praestiterunt,id. ib. 1, 9, 5: virtutem,Caes. B. G. 2, 27: benevolentiam,Cic. Att. 11, 1, 1: consilium suum fidemque,id. de Or. 3, 33, 134. With se, to show, prove, or behave one's self as: praesta te eum, qui, etc., show thyself such, as, etc., Cic. Fam. 1, 6, 2: se incolumem,Lucr. 3, 220: se invictum,Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 104: teque praesta constanter ad omne Indeclinatae munus amicitiae,
,id. ib. 2, 169: sed ne ad illam quidem artissimam innocentiae formulam praestare nos possumus, prove ourselves innocent even according to that rule, Sen. Ira, 2, 28, 1: juris periti consultatoribus se praestabant,
showed themselves accessible
,Dig. 1, 2, 2. Poet.: vel magnum praestet Achillem,
,Quint. 1, prooem. § 7; cf.: corpus, cui omnia olim tamquam servo praestabantur, nunc tamquam domino parantur,Sen. Ep. 90, 19. Hence, praestans, antis, P. a., pre-eminent, superior, excellent, distinguished, extraordinary. In gen. (class.). Of persons: omnibus praestans et ingenio et diligentiā,
,Ov. M. 2, 724. Sup.: in illis artibus praestantissimus,Cic. de Or. 1, 50, 217: praestantissimi studio atque doctrinā,id. Ac. 1, 4, 17. With gen.: o praestans animi juvenis,
praestolatio praestōlātio, ōnis, f.praestolor, the waiting for, expectation (late Lat.): praestolatio impiorum furor,Vulg. Prov. 11, 23: praestolatio tua non auferetur,id. ib. 23, 18; id. Job, 17, 15.
praestolor praestōlor, ātus (inf. paragog. praestolarier, Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 33; act. collat. form praestolaras, Liv. And. ap. Non. 475, 32: praestolabo, Turp. ap. ib. 475, 31; cf. App. M. 5, 20), 1, v. dep. n. and a. [1. praesto], to stand ready for, to wait for, expect a person or thing (syn.: opperior, exspecto): praestolari dicitur is, qui ante stando, ibi, quo venturum excipere vult, moratur, Paul. ex Fest. p. 223 Müll.; cf.: praestolari est praesto esse et apparere, Don. ad Ter. Eun. 5, 5, 5. With dat.: qui tibi ad Forum Aurelium praestolarentur armati,Cic. Cat. 1, 9, 24: ut in Formiano tibi praestoler,id. Att. 2, 15, 3; 3, 20, 1. With acc.: ego illum ante aedis praestolabor,Plaut. Most. 5, 1 18; so, aliquem,id. Truc. 2, 3, 15: quem praestolare, Parmeno?Ter. Eun. 5, 5, 5: adventum illius,Vulg. Judic. 9, 25: lucem, id. Job, 30, 26.Absol.: ego illam illic video praestolarier,Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 33: ad Clupeam praestolans,Caes. B. C. 2, 23. * With gen.: advenientium cohortium praestolari, Sisenn. ap. Non. 161, 32.
praestrangulo prae-strangŭlo, āre, v. a., to choke, deprive of breath (post-class.): ne anxium oratorem praestrangulet, i. e. ne cogat tacere, Auct. Quint. Decl. 3.
praestrictio praestrictĭo, ōnis, f.praestringo, a binding fast, binding up (eccl. Lat.): praestrictio sensūs (al. praestructio),Tert. Res. Carn. 49.
praestrictus praestrictus, a, um, Part., from praestringo.
praestringo prae-stringo, inxi, ictum, 3, v. a., to bind fast or hard, to bind or tie up; to squeeze tight, compress, etc. Lit. (poet. and in post-Aug. prose): praestrictā fauce,Ov. Ib. 551: praestricta manus,Sen. Troad. 560: pollices vincire, nodoque praestringere,Tac. A. 12, 47: dracones circumplexu facili (elephantos) ambiunt, nexuque nodi praestringunt,Plin. 8, 11, 11, § 32: praestringere et strangulare,id. 17, 24, 37, § 234: vehementer praestringere aliquid,id. 10, 72, 92, § 192: umor praestrictus gelu,id. 17, 24, 37, § 217: ventus praestringit atque percellit radices arborum, i. e. comprimit,id. 18, 34, 77, § 334: panis datur ex vino ad discutienda, quae praestringi opus est, i. e. coërceri, sisti,id. 22, 25, 68, § 138.Transf.To bind or wind about (poet.): alicujus tempora sertis,Stat. S. 5, 1, 112.To graze, touch: portam vomere,Cic. Phil. 2, 40, 102 (al. perstringere): Taifalorum terras praestringens,Amm. 31, 3, 7: praestrictis palatii januis,i. e.
passed without entering
,id. 14, 7, 10.Trop. (post-class.): rerum novarum lugubri visu praestrictus,
touched
,
struck
,Amm. 29, 6, 9; cf. id. 16, 10, 13. Hence, esp., to touch in speaking, to mention: nomen,Amm. 26, 1, 4; cf. id. 22, 15, 3. With acc. and inf., Amm. 21, 7, 2.To weaken, blunt, make dull. In gen.: illi quorum lingua gladiorum aciem praestringit domi, i. e. by boasting,Plaut. Truc. 2, 6, 11: acies ferri praestringitur,Plin. 7, 15, 13, § 64: nitorem eboris,
praestructus praestructus, a, um, Part. and P. a., from praestruo.
praestruo prae-strŭo, xi, ctum, 3, v. a., to build before, as a preparation for other buildings, to lay a foundation: praestructa (opp. ea) quae superposita incumbent,Col. 1, 5, 9.Transf., to build up in front, to block or stop up, to make impassable or inaccessible (mostly poet.): ille aditum vasti praestruxerat obice montis,Ov. F. 1, 563: hospitis effugio praestruxerat omnia Minos,id. A. A. 2, 21: porta Fonte praestructa,
stopped up
,id. M. 14, 797; cf.: densato scutorum compage se scientissime praestruebant,Amm. 14, 2, 10.Trop., to make ready or prepare beforehand for any thing: fraus fidem in parvis sibi praestruit, prepares or secures for itself credibility in trifles, Liv. 28, 42, 7: praestruit ad illud quod dicturus est, multa esse crimina in Verre quae, etc.,Ascon. ad Cic. Div. in Caecil. 8: tacitas vindictae iras. Claud. ap. Ruf. 2, 280: prius agmina saevo praestrue Marti,id. IV. Cons. Hon. 319.To arrange or contrive beforehand: cum praestructum utrumque consulto esset, whereasit had all been concerted beforehand, Suet. Tib. 53: id scilicet praestruentes,Amm. 31, 7. Hence, praestructus, a, um, P. a., prepared: praestructum bellis civilibus hostem,Claud. B. Gild. 285.
praestupesco prae-stŭpesco, ĕre, v. inch. n., to be greatly astonished: ad quam fortunam ceteris praestupescentibus,Jul. Val. Rer. Gest. Alex. M. 1, 66.
praestupidus prae-stŭpĭdus, a, um, adj., very senseless, very stupid (late Lat.): praestupido corde,Juvenc. 4, 200.
praestus praestus, a, um, v. 1. praesto init.
praesudo prae-sūdo, āre, v. n., to sweat before (poet.). Lit.: dum matutinis praesudat solibus aër,Claud. Rapt. Pros. 2, 120. Trop., to exert one's self beforehand, Stat. Th. 6, 4.
praesul praesul, sŭlis, comm.praesilio, one who leaps or dances before others, a dancer in public, public dancer.Lit. (class.), Cic. Div. 1, 26, 55; 2, 66, 136. In partic., the leader of the Salii, who annually leaped and danced through the city, bearing the ancilia: fuit in eo sacerdotio (Saliorum) et praesul et vates et magister,Capitol. M. Aurel. 4.Transf., in gen., a presider, president, director; a patron, protector, etc. (post-class.): agri praesul,Pall. 1, 6: fori,Sid. Ep. 4, 14: praesul creatus litteris,Aus. Ep. 4, 79; Pall. 1, 6 fin.: Angerona, diva praesul silentii,Sol. 1; Mart. Cap. 2, § 160 fin.: et Junone calent hic arae praesule semper,Avien. Perieg. 519.
praesulatus praesŭlātus, ūs, m.praesulor, the office of a superintendent (eccl. Lat.), Cassiod. Hist. 2, 3 al.
praesulsus prae-sulsus, a, um, adj.salsus, salted very much, very salt (post-Aug.): adeps,Col. 6, 2, 7.
praesultator praesultātor, ōris, m.praesulto, one who leaps or dances before others, a public dancer (only in Livy), Liv. 2, 36, 2; cf. praesulto.
praesulto prae-sulto, āre, v. n.salto, to leap or dance before (only in Livy): praesultare hostium signis,Liv. 7, 10, 3 (cf. praesultator).
praesultor praesultor, ōris, m.praesilio, one who leaps or dances before others, a public dancer (post-class. for praesul), Lact. 2, 7, 20; Val. Max. 1, 7, 4.
praesum prae-sum, fūi, esse, v. n., to be before a thing; hence, to be set over, to preside or rule over, to have the charge or command of, to superintend (class.). With dat.: omnibus Druidibus praeest unus,Caes. B. G. 6, 12: qui oppido praeerat,id. ib. 2, 6: regionibus,id. ib. 5, 22: provinciae,Sall. C. 42, 3: censor factus, severe praefuit ei potestati,Nep. Cat. 2, 3: classi,
,Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 77, § 180.Transf.To be the chief person, to take the lead in any thing: non enim paruit ille Ti. Gracchi temeritati, sed praefuit,Cic. Lael. 11, 37: qui non solum interfuit his rebus, sed etiam praefuit,id. Fam. 1, 8, 1: illi crudelitati non solum praeesse, verum etiam interesse,id. Att. 9, 6, 7.To protect, defend (poet.): stant quoque pro nobis, et praesunt moenibus Urbis,Ov. F. 5, 135. Hence, praesens, entis (abl. sing. of persons usually praesente; of things, praesenti), adj.That is before one, in sight or at hand, present, in person (rarely of the immediate presence of the speaker or writer, for which the proper case of hic is used; cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 908, and v.infra): assum praesens praesenti tibi,
,id. Q. Fr. 2, 8, 1: praesens in praesentem multa dixerat,id. Att. 11, 12, 1; Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 34: praesente for praesentibus (ante-class.): praesente amicis, Pompon. ap. Don. ad Ter. Eun. 4, 3, 7; so, testibus, id. ap. Non. 154, 17: his,Att. ib. 154, 19: suis,Fenest. ib. 154, 20: omnibus,Nov. ib. 154, 23: legatis, Varr. ap. Don. Ter. Eun. 4, 3, 7: nobis, Ter. ib. Esp., of time: narratio praeteritarum rerum aut praesentium,Cic. Part. Or. 4, 13: non solum inopia praesentis, sed etiam futuri temporis,Caes. B. C. 1, 52 init.: praesens tempus futuri metu perdere,Sen. Ep. 24, 1: tempus enim tribus partibus constat, praeterito, praesente, futuro,id. ib. 124, 17. Esp. in opp. to other times referred to: quanta tempestas invidiae nobis si minus in praesens tempus ... at in posteritatem impendeat,Cic. Cat. 1, 9, 22: et reliqui temporis recuperandi ratio, et praesentis tuendi,id. Att. 8, 9, 3: et consiliorum superiorum conscientiā et praesentis temporis moderatione me consoler,id. Fam. 9, 16, 6; id. Fl. 1, 3. Very rarely alone, of the times of the writer or speaker. as opp. to the times of which he speaks: quod pietas principis nostri praesentium quoque temporum decus fecit,Quint. 3, 7, 9: vive moribus praeteritis, loquere verbis praesentibus,
now in use
,Gell. 1, 10, 4. Also of a time spoken of, present to the mind, existing: movit Scipionem cum fortuna pristina viri, praesenti fortunae conlata,Liv. 30, 13, 8: populo erat persuasum, et adversas superiores et praesentes secundas res accidisse, etc.,Nep. Alcib. 6, 2: praetor factus non solum praesenti bello,id. Them. 2, 1: et praesens aetas et posteritas deinde mirata est,Curt. 9, 10, 28: praesentem saevitiam melioris olim fortunae recordatione allevabant,Tac. A. 14, 63: in praesens tempus, and more freq. absol., in praesens, for the present: pleraque differat, et praesens in tempus omittat,Hor. A. P. 44; so (opp. in posteritatem) Cic. Cat 1, 9, 22: si fortuna in praesens deseruit,Tac. H. 4, 58; cf.: laetus in praesens animus,Hor. C. 2, 16, 25: ad praesens tempus, or simply ad praesens, for the present: Harpagus ad praesens tempus dissimulato dolore,
for the moment
,Just. 1, 5, 7: quod factum aspere acceptum ad praesens, mox, etc.,
,Plin. 8, 22, 34, § 80: praesenti tempore and in praesenti, at present, now: praesenti tempore,Ov. F. 3, 478: haec ad te in praesenti scripsi, ut speres,Cic. Fam. 2, 10, 4: in praesenti,Nep. Att. 12, 5; Liv. 34, 35, 11. Prov.: praesenti fortuna pejor est futuri metus, Ps.-Quint. Decl. 12, 15. Subst.: praesentĭa, ĭum, n., present circumstances, the present state of affairs: cum hortatur ferenda esse praesentia,Suet. Aug. 87: praesentia sequi,Tac. H. 4, 59: ex praeteritis enim aestimari solent praesentia,Quint. 5, 10, 28: sed penitus haerens amor fastidio praesentium accensus est,Curt. 8, 3, 6. Esp., in phrase in praesentia (sc. tempora), for the present, at this time, under present circumstances: hoc video in praesentia opus esse,Cic. Att. 15, 20, 4: providere quid oneris in praesentia tollant,Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 1, § 1: quae in praesentia in mentem mihi venerunt,id. Fam. 4, 5, 1; id. Fin. 5, 8, 21; Liv. 31, 22, 8; 33, 27, 10; 33, 28, 6; Tac. Agr. 31; 39; Suet. Tib. 22; id. Claud. 4; Ter. Phorm. 5, 2, 14; Plin. 12, 3, 7, § 14. Very rarely in praesentia, at hand, on hand, on the spot: id quod in praesentia vestimentorum fuit, arripuit,Nep. Alcib. 10, 5; cf.: in re praesenti, infra: in rem praesentem venire, to go to the place itself, go to the very spot, for the sake of a closer examination, Cic. de Or. 1, 58, 250: in rem praesentem venias oportet, quia homines amplius oculis quam auribus credunt,Sen. Ep. 6, 5: in rem praesentem perducere audientes, to transport one's hearers to thevery spot, Quint. 4, 2, 123: in re praesenti, in the place itself, on the spot: in re praesenti, ex copiā piscariā consulere, quid emam, aequom est,
,Nep. Them. 2, 1; so sup.: quod praesentissimis quibusque periculis desit,Quint. 10, 7, 1; and comp.: jam praesentior res erat,Liv. 2, 36, 5.That happens or is done immediately, immediate, instant, prompt, ready, direct: praesens poena sit,
,Tac. A. 1, 38: Maelium praesenti morte multavit,Flor. 1, 26: praesens debitum,Dig. 12, 1, 9; 20, 1, 13: praesenti die dari, in ready money: quoties in obligationibus dies non ponitur, praesenti die pecunia debetur,ib. 45, 1, 41: libertatem aut praesenti die, aut sub condicione dare,ib. 28, 7, 22. Hence, adv.: prae-sens (opp. in diem), forthwith, immediately: si, cum in diem mihi deberetur, fraudator praesens solverit,
in ready money
,
in cash
,Dig. 42, 9, 10: quod vel praesens vel ex die dari potest,ib. 7, 1, 4.That operates immediately or quickly, instant, prompt, efficacious, powerful (i. q. valens): praesens auxilium oblatum est,Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 49, § 107: non ulla magis praesens fortuna laborum est,
no more effective cure for their troubles
,Verg. G. 3, 452: quo non praesentius ullum, Pocula si quando saevae infecere novercae,id. ib. 2, 127: si quid praesentius audes,
praesumo praesūmo, mpsi and msi, mptum and mtum, 3, v. a., to take before, take first or beforehand, take to one's self (syn.: praeoccupo). Lit. (poet. and in post-Aug. prose): neve domi praesume dapes,Ov. A. A. 3, 757: allium,Plin. 25, 5, 21, § 50: praesumere cibis frigidam,id. 28, 4, 14, § 55: remedia,Tac. A. 14, 3: heres meus rem illam illum permitte praesumere, et sibi habere, Gai. Epit. Inst. tit. 13: praesumpto tegmine,Cael. Aur. Tard. 1, 1, 43; 2, 13, 160: praesumptum diadema,
assumed before the legal age
,Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 166: suam cenam praesumit,
takes his own supper first
,Vulg. 1 Cor. 11, 21.Trop.To take in advance: praesumere male audiendi patientiam,
to provide one's self with beforehand
,Quint. 12, 9, 9: inviti judices audiunt praesumentem partes suas,
who takes to himself
,
who encroaches upon
,id. 11, 1, 27; 1, 1, 19: differenda igitur quaedam, et praesumenda,id. 8, 6, 63: illa in pueris natura minimum spei dederit, in quā ingenium judicio praesumitur, in which wit is preceded by judgment,where judgment takes the place of the inventive faculty, id. 2, 4, 7.To perform beforehand, to anticipate: heredum officia praesumere,Plin. Ep. 6, 10, 5: hanc ego vitam voto et cogitatione praesumo, i. e. I imagine or picture to myself beforehand, id. ib. 3, 1, 11: gaudium, quod ego olim pro te non temere praesumo,id. ib. 2, 10, 6.To spend or employ beforehand: sementibus tempora plerique praesumunt,Plin. 18, 25, 60, § 224: Vitellius fortunam principatus inerti luxu ac prodigis epulis praesumebat,
enjoyed beforehand
,Tac. H. 1, 62.To imagine, represent, or picture to one's self beforehand: arma parate animis, et spe praesumite bellum,Verg. A. 11, 18: futura,Sen. Ep. 107, 3: semper praesumit saeva, perturbatā conscientiā,Vulg. Sap. 17, 10; hence, praesumptum habere,
to presuppose
,
take for granted
,Tac. A. 14, 64: utcunque se praesumit innocentem (sc. habendum esse),App. M. 7, 27, p. 200, 8.To foresee, to infer beforehand, anticipate: fortunam alicujus,Tac. A. 12, 41: eo instantius debita poscentes, quo graviorem militiam praesumebant,Just. 6, 2.To presume, take for granted, suppose, believe, assume: ab hostibus reverso filio, quem pater obiisse falso praesumpserat,Dig. 12, 6, 3: vulgo praesumitur, alium in litem non debere jurare, nisi, etc.,ib. 12, 3, 7.To undertake, venture, dare (post-class.): tantum animo praesumere, Auct. Pan. ad Const. 2: illicita,Sulp. Sev. Hist. Sacr. 1, 47: ad Italiam transire, Sex. Ruf. Brev. 7.To trust, be confident (late Lat.): quoniam non derelinquis praesumentes de te, et praesumentes de se ... humilias,Vulg. Judith, 6, 15: de tuā misericordiā,id. ib. 9, 17. Hence, praesumptus (praesumtus), a, um, P. a., taken for granted, assumed, presumed, preconceived (post-Aug.): praesumpta desperatio,Quint. 1 prooem.: opinio,
preconceived opinion
,
prejudice
,id. 2, 17: spes,Sil. 7, 582: suspicio,Tac. A. 2, 73. In neutr.: praesumptum est, it is supposed, imagined, presumed: praesumptum est, quosdam servos bonos esse,Dig. 21, 1, 31: quicumque haec noscent, praesumptum habeant, etc.,
praesumptio praesumptĭo, ōnis, f.praesumo. A taking beforehand, a using or enjoying in advance, anticipation: rerum, quas assequi cupias, praesumptio ipsa jucunda est,Plin. Ep. 4, 15, 11: bonae famae praesumptione perfrui,id. ib. 9, 3, 1. In rhet., a taking up and answering in advance, an anticipation of possible or suspected objections: mire in causis valet praesumptio, quae πρόληψις dicitur, cum id, quod obici potest, occupamus, Quint. 9, 2, 16; 9, 2, 18.A representing to one's self beforehand, a conception, supposition, presumption: multum dare solemus praesumptioni omnium hominum,Sen. Ep. 117, 5: cum contra praesumptionem suam annis decem in obsidione tenerentur,Just. 3, 4: non levi praesumptione credere,Dig. 41, 3, 44. In partic. Boldness, confidence, assurance, audacity, presumption (post-class.): illicitā praesumptione rex ad vicem sacerdotis holocaustum obtulit,Sulp. Sev. Hist. Sacr. 1, 33: timor fundamentum salutis, praesumptio impedimentum timoris,Tert. Cult. Fem. 2: cassa,App. Mag. p. 323, 17.Stubbornness, obstinacy: mirā contra plagarum dolores praesumptione munitus,App. M. 8, p. 214, 31: obfirmatus summā praesumptione,id. ib. 10, p. 243, 25.Prejudice, Tert. Apol. 49.
praesumptiosus praesumptĭōsus (-tŭōsus), a, um, adj.praesumptio, full of boldness, presumptuous (post-class.): juvenis (al. praesumptuosum),Sid. Ep. 1, 11. Transf.: vestigia,Sid. Ep. 1, 1.
praesumptive praesumptīvē, adv.praesumo, presumptuously (late Lat.), Cassiod. in Psa. 25, 2; Aug. c. Faust. 24, 1.
praesumptor praesumptor, ōris, m.id.. Onewho takes possession beforehand, a preoccupier (post-class.), Cassiod. Var. 1, 18.A bold, confident, reckless, or presumptuous person, Tert. Poen. 6: Petrus ex egregio praesumptore tam creber negator effectus,Aug. Ep. 120, c. 14; Hier. Ep. 89: praesumptor (Adam) senserit iram meritam,Sedul. 2, 4; cf. Cod. Th. 16, 2, 48: Leo, Ep. 10, 9.
praesumptorius praesumptōrĭus, a, um, adj.praesumptor, presumptuous (eccl. Lat.), Aug. Collat. c. Maxim, 13. Hence, praesump-tōrĭē, adv., boldly, confidently, presumptuously: praesumptorie aliquid elocutus,Tert. adv. Marc. 4, 41.
praesumptrix praesumptrix, īcis, f.id., a presumptuous person (eccl. Lat.), Petr. Chrysol. Serm. 109.
praesumptuose praesumptŭōsē, v. praesumptiose.
praesumptuosus praesumptŭōsus, a, um, v. praesumptiosus.
praesumptus praesumptus (praesumtus), a, um, Part. and P. a., from praesumo.
praesuo prae-sŭo, ūi, ūtum, 3, v. a., to sew over, sew up; hence, to cover over (poet. and in post-Aug. prose): hasta foliis praesuta,Ov. M. 11, 9: surculos recentibus coriis,Plin. 12, 19, 43, § 96.
praesurgo prae-surgo, rexi, 3, v. n., to rise beforehand (poet.), Avien. Prognost. Arat. 172.
praetectus praetectus, a, um, Part., from praetego.
praetego prae-tĕgo, texi, tectum, 3, v. a., to cover over, to shelter, protect (poet. and in postAug. prose): cavo praetegit aere caput (al. protegit),Prop. 3, 12 (4, 13), 12: quae somnium (tuum) saxa praetexerint,i. e.
the rocks that sheltered your repose
,Plin. Pan. 15: praetecto capite,Cael. Aur. Tard. 1, 5, 112. Trop.: vitia sua capillis et pallio, et (quod maximum est velamentum) divitiis praetegebat,Lact. 5, 2.
praetempto praetempto, v. praetento.
praetendo prae-tendo, di, tum (part. praetensus, Anthol. Lat. 3, 168, 5), 3, v. a., to stretch forth or forward, to extend (syn. obtendo). Lit.: praetenta Tela,
stretched forth
,
presented
,Ov. M. 8, 341: propagines e vitibus altius praetentos, shooting forth, Fab. Pict. ap. Gell. 10, 15, 13: ubi visum in culice natura praetendit? set out, stationed (i. e. extendit, et posuit in anteriore oris parte), Plin. 11, 1, 2, § 2.Transf.To spread before or in front: membrana, quae praecordia appellant, quia cordi praetenditur,Plin. 11, 37, 77, § 197; 9, 6, 5, § 15.To spread, draw, hold, or place a thing before another: segeti praetendere saepem,Verg. G. 1, 270: vestem tumidis praetendit ocellis,
,Liv. 3, 47: quicquid castrorum Armeniis praetenditur,Tac. H. 2, 6: ut adnexa classis et pugnae parata conversā et minaci fronte praetenderetur,id. ib. 2, 14. Of places: praetendi, to stretch out before or in front of, to lie over against or opposite to (poet. and post - Aug.; once in Liv.): praetentaque Syrtibus arva,Verg. A. 6, 60: tenue litus praetentum,Liv. 10, 2, 5: Armeniae praetentus Iber,Val. Fl. 5, 167: gens nostris provinciis late praetenta,Tac. A. 2, 56: Baeticae latere septentrionali praetenditur Lusitania,Plin. 3, 1, 2, § 6: a tergo praetendantur Aethiopes, id. 5, 9, 9, § 48; 6, 27, 31, § 134: Dardanis laevo Triballi praetenduntur,id. 4, 1, 1, § 3: extremis legio praetenta Britannis, i. e. opposita custodiae causa,Claud. B. Get. 416.Trop.To hold out or bring forward as an excuse, to allege, pretend, simulate (syn.: causor, praetexo): hominis doctissimi nomen tuis immanibus et barbaris moribus (soles) praetendere,
to allege in excuse for
,Cic. Vatin. 6, 14: praetendens culpae splendida verba tuae,Ov. R. Am. 240: legem postulationi suae praetendere,Liv. 3, 45, 1: quid honestum dictu saltem seditioni praetenditur muliebri?id. 34, 3, 8: meminisse, quem titulum praetenderitis adversus Philippum,id. 37, 54, 13: decem legatorum decretum calumniae inpudentissimae,id. 39, 28, 11: vultum, et tristitiam, et dissentientem a ceteris habitum pessimis moribus praetendebant, Quint. prooem. § 15; Plin. Ep. 4, 16, 3: ignorantia praetendi non potest,Quint. 7, 1, 35: haec a se factitari praetendebat,Tac. A. 6, 18: praetendere fessam aetatem et actos labores,id. ib. 3, 59; Flor. 3, 5, 3: plebeiam facie tenus praetendens humanitatem,App. M. 10, 23, p. 250, 9.To put forward, hold out, allege, assert a thing: nec conjugis umquam Praetendi taedas,
praetener prae-tĕner, ĕra, ĕrum, adj., very soft or tender (post-Aug.): capnos,Plin. 25, 13, 99, § 156.
praetentatus praetentātus or praetemptā-tus, ūs (only in abl. sing.), m.praetento, a groping or feeling out one's way (postAug.), Plin. 11, 37, 52, § 140.
praetento prae-tento or praetempto, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.To feel, search, or grope out beforehand, to examine previously, to estimate beforehand, anticipate (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose): praetentare baculo, luminis orbus, iter,Ov. Ib. 262: praetentat manu silvas,id. M. 14, 189: praetentat pollice chordas,id. ib. 5, 339: pedibus praetentat iter,Tib. 2, 1, 77: cochleae corniculis praetentant iter,Plin. 9, 32, 51, § 101: sinum,Suet. Aug. 35: culcitis et stragulis praetentatis et excussis,id. Claud. 35: fato pericula vestra praetentate meo,Luc. 9, 397.Trop., to test or try beforehand: vires,Ov. M. 8, 7: judicis misericordiam,Quint. 4, 1, 28.To hold before one's self: praetentat pallia laevā,Claud. B. Gild. 438.Trop., to make a pretext of: impia praetentans vulnera,Val. Fl. 6, 75.
praetentura praetentūra, ae, f.praetendo, a military guard on the boundaries of a province, a frontier-guard (post-class.): Mesopotamiae tractus praetenturis et stationibus servabantur agrariis,Amm. 14, 3, 2.A barricade, Amm. 14, 2, 4.
praetentus praetentus, a, um, Part., from praetendo.
praetepeo prae-tĕpĕo, ŭi, 2, v. n., to glow before; trop., of love (poet.): si tuus in quāvis praetepuisset amor,Ov. Am. 2, 3, 6.
praeter praeter, adv. and prep.prae, with the demonstrative suffix ter, as in inter, subter, propter, signifies motion by or past, and hence, also, beyond, or rest outside a thing. Adv., past, by, beyond (cf. praeterquam), in the trop. sense; i. e. Comparatively, before, beyond, above, more than (only ante-class.): quae praeter sapiet quam placet parentibus,Plaut. Pers. 3, 1, 38: quod mihi videre Facere, et praeter quam res te adhortatur tua,Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 8. Exceptionally, except, excepting, unless, save (class. but rare): etiam e Graecis ipsis diligenter cavendae sunt quaedam familiaritates, praeter hominum perpaucorum,Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 5, § 16: ne quis praeter armatus violaretur,Liv. 4, 59, 7 Weissenb. ad loc.: diem statuit, ante quam liceret sine fraude ab armis discedere, praeter rerum capitalium damnatis,Sall. C. 36, 2: religionum usquequaque contemptor, praeter unius deae Syriae,Suet. Ner. 56; id. Claud. 4 fin.: exsules, praeter caedis damnati, restituebantur,Just. 13, 5, 2: praeter hodie,Vulg. Gen. 21, 26: nil praeter salices cassaque canna fuit,Ov. F. 6, 406: uti pueri in curiam ne introeant, praeter ille unus Papirius,Gell. 1, 23, 13. In connection with the particles si, quod, que: praeter si aliter nequeas,
,App. M. 2, p. 122: montes in Arcadiā Cyllene, Lycaeus ... praeterque ignobiles octo,
and besides
,
and also
,Plin. 4, 6, 10, § 21: praeterque,id. 5, 1, 1, § 16; 8, 42, 67, § 166; 9, 39, 64, § 138; 11, 4, 3, § 10. For praeter quam and praeter propter, v. praeterquam and praeterpropter.Prep. with acc., past, by, before, in front of, along.Lit., of place (rare but class.): mustela murem mihi abstulit praeter pedes,Plaut. Stich. 3, 2, 7: magni montes solem succedere praeter,Lucr. 4, 139: praeter castra Caesaris suas copias transduxit,Caes. B. G. 1, 48: servi ejus praeter oculos Lollii haec omnia ferebant,
before the eyes of
,Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 25, § 62: Ligures praeter oram Etrusci maris Neapolim transmisit,Liv. 40, 41: praeter radices montis lapsus amnis,Plin. 6, 3, 4, § 10: praeter ora suorum,Tac. H. 4, 30: tela volant ... Praeter utrumque latus praeterque et lumen et aures,Ov. M. 5, 158: praeter majorum cineres rapitur Lateranus,Juv. 8, 146.Trop. In gen., over, beyond; against, contrary to, aside from: nihil praeter rem locuti sumus,
,id. Ps. 3, 2, 13: praeter naturam praeterque fatum,Cic. Phil. 1, 4, 10: praeter consuetudinem,id. Div. 2, 28, 60: cum lacus Albanus praeter modum crevisset,id. ib. 1, 44, 100: quod mihi videre praeter aetatem tuam Facere,Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 7. In partic. Comparatively, of that which goes beyond something else, beyond, above, more than; esp.: praeter ceteros, alios, omnes, etc.: illud praeter alia mira miror,Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 140: praeter ceteros laborabis,Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 15, § 43; id. Sull. 3, 7: quae me igitur res praeter ceteros impulit, ut, etc.,id. Rosc. Am. 1, 2: necesse est quod mihi consuli praecipuum fuit praeter alios, id jam privato cum ceteris esse commune,id. Sull. 3, 9: ut Argonautas praeter omnes candidum Medea mirata est ducem,Hor. Epod. 3, 9; Ter. And. 1, 1, 31. With neg.: nonne ostendis te vereri, quod praeter ceteros tu metuere non debeas,
less than the rest
,Cic. Rosc. Am. 50, 145. Of that besides which there is something else in addition, besides, together with, in addition to: ut praeter se denos ad colloquium adducerent,Caes. B. G. 1, 43: praeter imperatas pecunias,id. B. C. 3, 32: ut praeter auctoritatem vires quoque haberet,id. ib. 3, 57: praeter illud commodum, quod, etc., tum etiam, etc.,Col. 4, 18. Exceptionally, besides, except: nec nobis praeter me alius est servos,Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 244: hoc nemini praeter me videtur,Cic. Att. 1, 1, 2: omnibus sententiis praeter unam condemnatus est,id. Clu. 20, 55: neque vestitus, praeter pelles habeant,Caes. B. G. 4, 1: frumentum omne, praeter quod secum portaturi erant, comburunt,id. ib. 1, 5: nullas (litteras) acceperam praeter quae mihi binae redditae sunt, etc.,Cic. Att. 5, 3, 2: ex plurimis honoribus, praeter paucos non recepit,Suet. Tib. 26. Praeter haec, for praeterea, besides that, besides, moreover (ante- and postclass.), Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 61; Cels. 2, 4.!*? In composition, praeter has the signification of past, by, and beyond, or besides; e. g. praeterducere, praetermittere, praeterea.
praeterago praeter-ăgo, no perf., actum, 3, v. a., to drive by or past (poet. and post-class.): deversoria nota Praeteragendus (est) equus,Hor. Ep. 1, 15, 10; Jul. Val. Rer. Gest. Alex. M. 1, 3.
praeterbito praeter-bīto, ĕre, v. n. and a., to go by, to pass (Plautin.): ne inter vias praeterbitamus, metuo,Plaut. Poen. 5, 3, 43. With acc.: cave praeterbitas ullas aedes, quin, etc.,Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 1.
praetercurro praeter-curro, no perf., cursum, 3, v. n. and a., to run past or by (post-class.): equis praetercurrentibus, Veg. Mil. 3, 24: praetercursā Chalcedone,Amm. 22, 9, 3.
praeterduco praeter-dūco, ĕre, v. a., to lead past or by (Plaut.): pompam,Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 67.
praeterea praetĕr-ĕā, adv.is. Beyond this or that, besides: si eum reddis mihi, praeterea unum nummum ne duis,Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 81: nihilne vobis in mentem venit, quod praeterea Crasso requiratis?Cic. de Or. 1, 35, 60: haec duo praeterea oppida,Verg. A. 8, 355: auxiliis, equitatuque comparato, multisque praeterea viris fortibus Tolosā et Narbone evocatis,Caes. B. G. 3, 20: quicquid praeterea navium habebat,id. ib. 4, 22; Cic. Balb. 12, 29: si duo praeterea talis Idaea tulisset Terra viros,
two more
,Verg. A. 11, 285: praeterea quam (rare for praeterquam): nihil praeterea cum consule pacti, quam quod, etc.,Liv. 24, 47, 8. Distributively in succession, besides, moreover: multae sunt causae ... primum ... praeterea,Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 65: primum ... tum praeterea ...,id. Ad. 3, 2, 47: quicumque bona patria laceraverat; quique alienum aes grande conflaverat; praeterea omnes undique parricidae; ad hoc quos, etc.; postremo omnes, quos, etc.,Sall. C. 14, 2 sq.: nam et ... prudentiam mihi tuam exposuit: et praeterea suavitatem tuam adjunxit: praeterea summam erga se liberalitatem,Cic. Fam. 10, 3, 1: nunc ... praeterea ... tum porro,Lucr. 6, 617. In continuation, henceforth, hereafter; thenceforth, thereafter: et quisquam numen Junonis adorat Praeterea?Verg. A. 1, 49: neque illum ... praeterea vidit,id. G. 4, 502.
praetereo praetĕr-ĕo, īvi, and more freq. ĭi, ĭtum, īre (fut. praeteriet, Vulg. Sap. 1, 8; id. Ecclus. 39, 37; Juvenc. 4, 159), v. n. and a.Neutr.To go by or past, to pass by: si nemo hac praeteriit,Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 15: ut arbitri sint, qui praetereant per vias,id. Merc. 5, 4, 46: praeteriens modo,
,Hor. C. 4, 7, 3.Trop.To pass by an evil, to escape a danger: nescis, quid mali Praeterieris,Ter. Hec. 3, 4, 4. With neutr. adj., or a clause as subject, to escape one, i. e. to escape one's knowledge, be unknown to one: non me praeterit ... me longius prolapsum esse,Cic. Caecin. 35, 101: sed te non praeterit, quam sit difficile,id. Fam. 1, 8, 2: nec dubitamus multa esse, quae et nos praeterierint, Plin. H. N. praef. § 18.To pass by or over, i. e. To pass over, leave out, omit, not mention: quae nunc ego omnia praetereo ac relinquo,Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 44, § 106: ut hoc praeteream, quod, etc.,id. ib. 2, 3, 77, § 178: omitto jurisdictionem contra leges, caedes relinquo, libidines praetereo,id. Prov. Cons. 3, 6: et quod paene praeterii, Bruti tui causā feci omnia,
what I had nearly failed to mention
,id. Att. 6, 3, 5: aliquid silentio,id. Brut. 22, 88: praeteream, referamne tuum ... Dedecus?Ov. F. 6, 319: ut nihil praeteream,Plin. 2, 98, 101, § 220: ne quid praetereatur,id. 16, 10, 20, § 50.To pass over, omit, make no use of: locus, qui praeteritus neglegentiā est,Ter. Ad. prol. 14.To pass over, to omit, leave out, in reading or writing, Mart. 13, 3, 8: litteras non modo, sed syllabas praeterit,Suet. Aug. 88.To neglect or forget to do a thing, to omit, leave out, in action; with inf.: verum, quod praeterii dicere, neque illa matrem, etc.,Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 68: quod sciscitari paene praeterivi,App. M. 3, p. 139, 22. With acc.: nullum genus crudelitatis praeterire,
to leave unpractised
,Cic. Phil. 3, 2, 4. Pass.: tantā vi dixisse ut nulla pars orationis silentio praeteriretur,
left without applause
,Cic. Brut. 22, 88. In elections. legacies, invitations, donations, etc., to pass over, take no notice of, to neglect, reject, exclude any one: populus solet nonnumquam dignos praeterire: nec, si a populo praeteritus est, etc.,Cic. Planc. 3, 8: cum sapiens et bonus vir suffragiis praeteritur,id. Tusc. 5, 19, 54: Philippus et Marcellus praetereuntur,
,Ov. F. 5, 312: quid repente factum, Quod sum praeteritus vetus sodalis?Mart. 7, 86, 5: si eum (filium) silentio praeterierit, inutiliter testabitur,Gai. Inst. 2, 123.To go beyond, to surpass, excel: hos nobilitate Mago Carthaginiensis praeteriit,Varr. R. R. 1, 1: virtus alios tua praeterit omnes,Ov. P. 4, 7, 51: ut Ajax praeteriit Telamonem,Juv. 14, 214.To transgress: justum praeterit ira modum,
,Juv. 10, 235. In gram.: tempus praeteritum, the past or preterit tense: quaedam verba etiam mutantur, ut fero in praeterito,Quint. 1, 4, 29. Subst.: prae-tĕrĭta, ōrum, n., things gone by, the past: sevocatus animus a contagione corporis meminit praeteritorum, praesentia cernit, futura praevidet,Cic. Div. 1, 30, 63; id. Fat. 7, 14: monet ut in reliquum tempus omnes suspiciones vitet: praeterita se fratri condonare dicit,Caes. B. G. 1, 20: invidiam praeteritorum contemptu praesentium demere,Just. 21, 5, 10. Prov.: praeterita mutare non possumus,Cic. Pis. 25, 59 init. In partic., Praetĕrĭta, ōrum, n., things passed over (Gr. παραλειπόμενα), a name of the books of Chronicles, because they contain what had been omitted in the books of Kings, Hier. Ep. 18, n. 1.
praeterequitans praĕter-ĕquĭtans, antis, Part. [equito], riding by (only in Livy), Liv. 3, 61, 9.
praetereunter praetĕrĕunter, adv., v. praetereo fin. A.
praeterfero praeter-fĕro, no perf., lātum, ferre, v. a., to carry by or past. Pass., to come, run, drive, or fly past (rare, not in Cic.): latebras eorum praeterlata acies est,Liv. 21, 55, 9: pars vocum praeterlata,Lucr. 4, 569 (Lachm. separately, praeter lata).
praeterfluo praeter-flŭo, ĕre, v. n., to flow by or past (class.). Lit.: aqua quae praeterfluat,Varr. R. R. 3, 16. With acc.: flumen, quod Valentiam praeterfluit, Sall. Fragm. ap. Prisc. p. 680 P.: amnis praeterfluens moenia,Liv. 41, 11, 3.Trop., to go by or past, to pass away: eorum ego orationes sivi praeterfluere, Cato ap. Plin. H. N. praef. § 30 Jan. (Sillig, sibi praetereo): voluptatem praeteritam praeterfluere sinit,
praeterfugio praeter-fŭgĭo, ĕre, 3, v. a., to hasten by, pass over hastily: propositum exemplum,Ambros. Spirit. Sanc. 3, 11, 78.
praetergredior praeter-grĕdĭor, gressus, 3, v. dep. n. and a. [gradior], to walk or march by, to go or pass by (class.). Lit.: qui praetergrediebantur. Sall. ap. Non. 556, 19: ut rapiat praetergredientes,Ambros. Abrah. 1, 5, 32. With acc.: castra,
praeterhac praetĕr-hāc, also separate, praeter hac, adv.hic, beyond this, besides, furthermore, moreover (Plaut.): si praeterhac unum verbum faxis hodie, ego tibi comminuam caput,Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 73; id. Men. 1, 2, 3: non patiar praeterhac,id. ib. 5, 1, 25; id. Most. 1, 1, 72.
praeteriens praetĕrĭens, Part., from praetereo.
praeterinquiro praetĕr-inquīro, ĕre, v. a., to inquire further (post-class.): in negotium,Amm. 15, 5, 12.
praeteritio praetĕrĭtĭo, ōnis, f.praetereo. A passing over, omission (post-class.), Cod. Just. 6, 29, 4. Rhet. t. t., a passing over = παράλειψις, Mart. Cap. 5, § 523.
praeteritus praetĕrĭtus, a, um, Part. and P. a., from praetereo.
praeterlabor praeter-lābor, lapsus, 3, v. dep. n. and a.Lit., to glide or flow by, to fly or run past: praeterlabentia flumina,Quint. 10, 3, 24. With acc.: tumulum,Verg. A. 6, 874: hanc (tellurem) pelago praeterlabare necesse est,
to sail past
,id. ib. 3, 478.Trop., to slip away: (definitio) ante praeterlabitur, quam percepta est,Cic. de Or. 2, 25, 109.
praeterlambo praeter-lambo, ĕre, v. a., to lick, bathe, or touch in passing, to flow by (post-class.): oppidum, quod Mosa fluvius praeterlambit,Amm. 17, 2, 4.
praeterlatus praeterlātus, a, um, Part., from praeterfero.
praeterluens praeter-lŭens, entis, Part. [luo], washing as it flows past (post-class.): fluvius,App. M. 6, p. 177, 40.
praetermeo praeter-mĕo, āre, v. n. and a., to go by or past (poet. and post-class. prose): saepe salutantum tactu praeterque meantum (in tmesi),Lucr. 1, 317: amoenitas locorum invitet praetermeantem,Ambros. in Luc. 4, 2. With acc.: stellas (of comets),Sen. Q. N. 7, 6, 1: quos (tractus) praetermeat Ister,Amm. 31, 8, 6; 14, 8, 10: ripas,Claud. Cons. Mall. Theod. 234.
praetermissio praetermissĭo, ōnis, f.praetermitto. A leaving out, omission: sine ullius formae praetermissione,Cic. Top. 7, 31.A passing over, neglecting: praetermissio aedilitatis,Cic. Off. 2, 17, 58.
praetermissus praetermissus, a, um, Part., from praetermitto.
,Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 26: praetermittere et humanis concedere rebus,Lucr. 4, 1191 (by Lachm. written separately).To let over, carry over, transmit, transport: an facili te praetermiserit unda Lucani rabida ora maris?Stat. S. 3, 2, 84.
praetermonstrans praeter-monstrans, antis, Part. [monstro], pointing out besides, pointing out or showing another (post-class.), Gell. 20, 10, 6.
praeternavigatio praeternāvĭgātĭo, ōnis, f.praeternavigo, a sailing by (post-Aug.), Plin. 4, 12, 19, § 57 (al. praenavigatio).
praeternavigo praeter-nāvĭgo, āre, v. n. and a., to sail by or past (post-Aug.): vitans praeterpavigantium officia,Suet. Tib. 12; Flor. 3, 8, 3. With acc.: Baianum sinum,Suet. Ner 27: Seyllam,App. de Deo Socr. 24, p. 55, 30.
praetero prae-tĕro, trīvi, 3, v. a., to rub off or wear down in front (ante-class. and in postAug. prose): anum lima praeterunt,Plaut. Men. 1, 1, 9; Plin. 11, 37, 63.To rub down beforehand: oleum amygdali amari praetritum,Cael. Aur. Acut. 1, 17, 169.
praeterpropter praeterpropter, prep. with acc. [praeter-propter], thereabout, more or less (ante-class.), Enn., Cato, and Varr. ap. Gell. 19, 10, 10 (see the whole passage respecting the phrase, and Hand, Turs. 4, 544 sq.).
praeterquam praeter-quam (separate, praeter enim quam, Cic. Leg. 3, 19, 45; Plaut. Pers. 3, 1, 38 infra), adv., beyond, besides, except, save (class.): neque, praeterquam quas ipse amor molestias Habet, addas,Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 32: verbum si mihi unum, praeterquam quod to rogo, faxis, cave,id. And. 4, 4, 14: virgo quae praeter sapiet quam placet parentibus,Plaut. Pers. 3, 1, 38: nullum praemium postulo, praeterquam hujus diei memoriam sempiternam,Cic. Cat. 3, 11, 26: interrogari, num quo crimine esset accusatus, praeterquam veneni ejus,id. Clu. 38, 105: a quā (moneta), praeterquam de sue plenā, quid umquam moniti sumus?id. Div. 2, 32, 69: si nullam praeterquam vitae nostrae jacturam fieri viderem,Caes. B. G. 7, 77: sine ullis doloribus, praeterquam quos ex curatione capiebat,Nep. Att. 21, 3: nec quod nos ex conubio vestro petamus, quicquam est, praeterquam ut, etc.,Liv. 4, 4, 12: multitudo coalescere nullā re praeterquam legibus poterat,id. 1, 8, 1; 4, 17, 6; 4, 48, 3; 26, 42, 8: telum hastili abiegno et cetera tereti praeterquam ad extremum,id. 21, 8, 10: cuncta potest ... vetustas, Praeterquam curas attenuare meas,Ov. Tr. 4, 6, 17. With etiam, quoque, tum vero, besides, = not only ... but also: malum, praeterquam atrox, etiam novum,Liv. 22, 53, 6; 30, 6, 4 Weissenb. ad loc.; cf. id. 6, 24, 7: Syracusarum oppugnatio ad finem venit, praeterquam vi ac virtute ducis, intestinā etiam proditione adjuta,id. 25, 23: lusit ... praeterquam Decembri mense, aliis quoque festis ac profestis diebus,Suet. Aug. 71: declamaverat Antonius praeterquam semper alias, tum vero nimium quantum delectabiliter,Gell. 15, 1, 1: praeterquam si, except when, unless: hippopotamus tergoris impenetrabilis, praeterquam si umore madeat,Plin. 8, 25, 39, § 95: praeterquam quod, except that: omnes mihi labores fuere leves, praeterquam tui carendum quod erat,Ter. Heaut. 2, 4, 20: praeterquam quod sine te, ceterum satis commode, etc.,Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 14, 1: praeterquam quod ita Quintio placeret,Liv. 35, 25: amissio nullius animae, praeterquam navis,
praeterrado praeterrādo, ĕre, a false reading for praeterea radit, Lucr. 4, 528.
praetersum praeter-sum, esse, v. n., to be out of, not present at (eccl. Lat.): ipsis rebus praetersumus,Tert. Apol. 38.
praetervectio praetervectĭo, ōnis, f.praeterveho, a riding, sailing, or passing by: praetervectio omnium, qui, etc.,Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 66, § 170.
praetervectus praetervectus, a, um, Part., from praetervehor.
praetervehor praeter-vĕhor, vectus sum (separate, praeter erant vecti, Ov. M. 13, 713), 3, v. dep. n. and a.; prop., to be borne past, to drive, ride, or sail by (class.). Lit.: qui praetervehebantur,Cic. Fin. 5, 18, 49: praetervehens equo,
praeterverto praeter-verto, ĕre, v. a., to go or pass by (post-Aug.): solem,Plin. 2, 71, 73, § 181.
praetervolo praeter-vŏlo, āre, v. n. and a., to fly by or past (class.). Lit.: praetervolans aquila,Suet. Claud. 7. With acc.: quem praetervolat Ales,Cic. Arat. 412.Transf., to fly or sail over, fly across: hasta medias praetervolat auras,Sil. 10, 114: puppe lacum praetervolat,Claud. B. G. 321; in tmesi: Etrusca praeter et volate litora,Hor. Epod. 16, 40.Trop., to slip by, to escape: sententiae saepe acutae non acutorum hominum sensus praetervolant,Cic. de Or. 3, 59, 223: dum sententias animis attentis excipiunt, fugit eos et praetervolat numerus,
slips away
,
escapes
,id. Or. 58, 197: haec duo proposita non praetervolant, sed ita dilatant, ut, etc.,i. e.
do not pass over cursorily
,id. Ac. 2, 13, 42.
praetestor prae-testor, ātus sum, 1, v. dep. a., to bear witness to beforehand (eccl. Lat.): praetestata viam vitae,Tert. Carm. adv. Marc. 3, 176.
Praetetianus Praetetĭānus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to the Praetetii: vina,Plin. 14, 6, 8, § 61.
praetexo prae-texo, xŭi, xtum, 3, v. a., to weave before or in front, to fringe, edge, border.Lit. (mostly poet.): purpura saepe tuos fulgens praetexit amictus,Ov. P. 3, 8, 7: glaucas comis praetexere frondes,
,Col. 10, 297. In mid. force: utraeque nationes Rheno praetexuntur,
border on the Rhine
,Tac. G. 34.Transf.To place before or in front (syn.: praetendo, praepono): in his voluminibus auctorum nomina praetexui, Plin. praef. § 21: auctores quos praetexuimus volumini huic,id. 18, 25, 57, § 212: tibi maximus honor excubare pro templis, postibusque praetexi,i. e.
that your statues stand before the temples
,Plin. Pan. 52.To border, to furnish, provide, or adorn with any thing: ex primo versu cujusque sententiae primis litteris illius sententiae carmen omne praetexitur, the whole poem is bordered (like an acrostic) with the initial letters from the first verse of every sentence (oracle), Cic. Div. 2, 54, 112: omnia quae aguntur acerrime, lenioribus principiis natura praetexuit, has provided with, etc., id. de Or. 2, 78, 317: praetexta quercu domus,Ov. F. 4, 953; 5, 567: summaque praetexat tenuis fastigia chartae, Indicet ut nomen, littera facta, meum,
let my name be inscribed upon it
,Tib. 3, 1, 11.Trop.To allege as an excuse, to pretend, to assign as a pretext (syn. causor): cupiditatem triumphi,Cic. Pis. 24, 56: nomina speciosa,Tac. H. 1, 72. With acc. and inf.: ubicumque ipsi essent, praetexentes esse rempublicam,Vell. 2, 62, 3: Tigellinus T. Vinii potentia defensus, praetexentis, servatam ab eo filiam,Tac. H. 1, 72.To cover, cloak, conceal, disguise with any thing: hoc praetexit nomine culpam,Verg. A. 4, 172: funera sacris,id. ib. 4, 500: fraudem blando risu,Claud. Ruf. 1, 99. Hence, praetextus, a, um, P. a., clothed with or wearing the toga praetexta: praetextus senatus (for praetextā in dutus),Prop. 4 (5), 1, 11.pubes,Aus. Prof. 18, 7. In partic. Toga praetexta, and (post-Aug.) absol.: praetexta, ae, f., the outer garment, bordered with purple, worn at Rome by the higher magistrates and by free-born children till they assumed the toga virilis, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 14, § 36; 2, 1, 44, § 113; id. Q. Fr. 2, 12, 2; Liv. 27, 37; 33, 42; Plin. 9, 39, 63, § 136; 33, 1, 4, § 10 et saep.: praetextā pullā nulli alii licebat uti, quam ei, qui funus faciebat, Paul. ex Fest. p. 236 Müll. Hence, praetexta, ae, f. (sc. fabula), a tragedy, because celebrated Romans (like Brutus, Decius, Marcellus) were represented in it: nostri vestigia Graeca Ausi deserere, et celebrare domestica facta, Vel qui praetextas vel qui docuere togatas,Hor. A. P. 286; Pollio ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 32, 3: praetextam legere,id. ib. 10, 32, 5.praetextum, i, n.An ornament, as something wrought or fastened in front (post - Aug.): pulcherrimum reipublicae praetextum,Sen. Ep. 71, 9.A pretence, pretext, excuse (post-Aug.; cf.: species, simulatio): et praetextum quidem illi civilium armorum hoc fuit: causas autem alias fuisse opinantur,Suet. Caes. 30: ad praetextum mutatae voluntatis, under pretext or color of, id. Aug. 12: ipse Ravennam devertit praetexto classem alloquendi,
praetexta praetexta, ae, f., v. praetexo fin. B. 1.
praetextatus praetextātus, a, um, adj.praetexta, under praetexo fin. B. 1., clothed with or wearing the toga praetexta (class.): Clodius, qui numquam antea praetextatus fuisset,Cic. Pis. 4, 8: pupillus,Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 58, § 151; id. Phil. 2, 18, 44; 2, 43, 110: adulter,i. e.
,Mart. 10, 20, 4. Esp., subst.: praetextātus, i, m., one who wears the toga praetexta: delectu edicto, juniores ab annis septemdecim, et quosdam praetextatos scribunt,Liv. 22, 57; Suet. Rhet. 1: si quis praetextatum adsectatus fuerit,Gai. Inst. 3, 220; Juv. 10, 308. Transf., verba praetextata, prop., veiled or disguised words; hence, transf., equivocal, obscene, unchaste expressions (post-Aug.): praetextatis verbis abstinere,Suet. Vesp. 22: impudica et praetextata verba,Macr. S. 2, 1: non praetextatis, sed puris honestisque verbis,Gell. 9, 10, 4; cf. mores,Juv. 2, 170.
praetextum praetextum, i, n., v. praetexo, P. a. B. 2.
praetextus praetextus, a, um, Part. and P. a., from praetexo.
praetextus praetextus, ūs (but found only in abl. sing.; cf. praetextum, s. v. praetexo fin.), m.praetexo. Outward appearance, show, ornament, display, splendor, consequence (post-Aug.): majore praetextu,Tac. H. 1, 19: praetextu senatūs,id. ib. 1, 76: plurimorum et maximorum operum praetextu,Val. Max. 4, 4, 1; Manil. 3, 129. A pretence, pretext, color (not anteAug.): decretum sub leni praetextu verborum factum est,Liv. 36, 6, 5: sub praetextu,Petr. 97: hoc praetextu,
praetimeo prae-tĭmĕo, ŭi, 2, v. a. and n., to fear beforehand, to be in fear, be afraid (poet. and in post-Aug. prose): sibi praetimet,Plaut. Am. prol. 29: nil est miserius, quam praetimere,Sen. Ep. 98, 7: praetimens ne sibi desit (pecunia),Lact. 6, 17, 17: aeternitatem praetimendam,Tert. Res. Carn. 35 (in Tib. 3, 4, 14, the true reading is pertimuisse).
praetimidus prae-tĭmĭdus, a, um, adj., very fearful, very timid (late Lat.), Auct. Carm. de Jona et Ninive, 65.
praetingo prae-tingo, nxi, nctum, 3, v. a., to dip in or moisten beforehand (poet. and in postclass. prose): semina practincta veneno,Ov. M. 7, 123: aqua, in quā fuerit candens ferrum praetinctum,Cael. Aur. Tard. 1, 4.
praetondeo prae-tondĕo, tŏtondi, 2, v. a., to clip in front (post-class.): cum ejus pinnas praetotonderit,App. M. 5, p. 172, 30.
praetor praetor, ōris, m.for praeitor, from praeeo. Prop., a leader, head, chief, president: regio imperio duo sunto: iique praeeundo, judicando, consulendo, praetores, judices, consules appellantor,Cic. Leg. 3, 3, 8. So, in gen., of the chief magistrates in colonies, as in Capua: cum in ceteris coloniis duoviri appellentur, hi se praetores appellari volebant,Cic. Agr. 2, 34, 93; cf. the context. Of the Roman consul as chief judge, Liv. 3, 55. Of the dictator: praetor maximus,Liv. 7, 3: aerarii, president of the treasury, an office created by Augustus, Tac. A. 1, 75; id. H. 4, 9. Of the suffetes in Carthage, Nep. Hann. 7, 4. Of generals, commanders of foreign nations, Cic. Div. 1, 54, 123; id. Inv. 1, 33, 55; Nep. Milt. 4, 4 et saep. In partic., a prœtor, a Roman magistrate charged with the administration of justice; the office was first made distinct from the consulship A. U. C. 387. After the first Punic war, A. U. C. 490, there were two, praetor urbanus for Roman citizens, and praetor peregrinus for strangers, Cic. Lael. 25, 96; id. Mur. 20, 41: praetor primus centuriis cunctis renunciatus, i. e. appointed first, id. Imp. Pomp. 1, 2; id. Pis. 1, 2; Gai. lnst. 1, 6; 1, 78. The praetor had a tribunal where he sat on the sella curulis, with the judges on subsellia beside him. But he used to decide less important controversies wherever the parties found him: e plano,Suet. Tib. 33: in aequo quidem et plano loco,Cic. Caecin. 17, 50: Quid vis in jus me ire? tu's praetor mihi,Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 66.Transf. For propraetor, a proprœtor, an officer who, after the administration of the prœtorship, was sent as governor to a province, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 12, § 27; 2, 4, 25, § 56 al. For proconsul, q. v., Cic. Fam. 2, 17, 6; Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 54, § 125.
praetorianus praetōrĭānus, a, um, adj.praetorium, of or belonging to the body-guard, prœtorian (post-Aug.): praetorianus miles,
,Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 56, § 145: exercitus,Flor. 3, 19, 11.Of or belonging to a general: praetoria cohors, the cohort or body-guard attached to every general, a prœtorian cohort, Caes. B. G. 1, 40; cf.: praetoria cohors est dicta, quod a praetore non discedebat. Scipio enim Africanus primus fortissimum quemque delegit, qui ab eo in bello non discederent et cetero munere militiae vacarent et sesquiplex stipendium acciperent, Paul. ex Fest. p. 223 Müll. Hence, derisively: scortatorum cohors praetoria,Cic. Cat. 2, 11, 24. The emperors especially had cohorts as a body-guard: castra,
,Cic. Div. 1, 32, 68: porta, the gate of the camp that opened from before the general's tent directly towards the enemy (opp. the porta decumana, which was on the side farthest from the enemy), Caes. B. C. 3, 94: praetoria porta in castris appellatur, quā exercitus in proelium educitur, quia initio praetores erant, qui nunc consules, et hi bella administrabant, quorum tabernaculum quoque dicebatur praetorium, Paul. ex Fest. p. 223 Müll.
praetorqueo prae-torquĕo, no perf., tum, 2, v. a., to twist forwards, twist round (ante-class. and post-Aug.). Lit.: praetorto capite et recurvato,Col. 3, 18.Trop.: praetorquete injuriae collum,Plaut. Rud. 3, 2, 12.
praetorreo prae-torrĕo, ēre, 2, v. a., to heat beforehand (late Lat.): igne praetorrenda harena,Cael. Aur. Tard. 3, 8, 112.
praetorridus prae-torrĭdus, a, um, adj., very hot, very dry (poet.): aestas,Calp. Ecl. 2, 80.
praetortus praetortus, a, um, Part., from praetorqueo.
praetractatus prae-tractātus, ūs, m. (only in abl. sing.), a preliminary treatise, an introduction, preface (eccl. Lat.), Tert. Fuga in Persecut. 4.
praetrepidans prae-trĕpĭdans, antis, Part. [trepido], trembling greatly, very hasty or impatient (poet.): mens praetrepidans avet vagari,Cat. 46, 7.
praetrepidus prae-trĕpĭdus, a, um, adj., trembling very much (post-Aug.). Lit.: cor,
praetrunco prae-trunco, āre, v. a., to cut off before or in front, to cut off, clip (Plautin.): collos (for colla) tergoribus,Plaut. Capt. 4, 3, 2: linguam alicui,id. Mil. 2, 3, 47.
praetumeo prae-tŭmĕo, ēre, 2, v. n., to be puffed up beforehand (late Lat.). Trop.: eloquii supercilio,Cassiod. Hist. Tripart. 1, 10; id. in Psa. 75, 12.
praetumidus prae-tŭmĭdus, a, um, adj., much swollen, puffed up (poet.): furor,Claud. in Ruf. 1, 225: praetumidi supplex Orientis,id. II. Cons. Stil. 81: mens,Juvenc. 584.
praetura praetūra, ae, f.praetor, the dignity or office of a prœtor, the prœtorship (class.), Cic. Mur. 26, 53: praeturae jurisdictio,id. Fl. 3, 6: praeturā se abdicare,id. Cat. 3, 6, 14; Tac. A. 3, 30.The term of office of a prœtor: intra ejusdem praeturam agere,Gai. Inst. 4, 56; 122.
praeturinus praetūrīnus, a, um, adj.praetura, of or belonging to the prœtorship, prœtorian, Not. Tir. p. 61.
praeulceratus prae-ulcĕrātus, a, um, Part. [ulcero], caused to ulcerate or made sore beforehand (post-class.): loca praeulcerata,Cael. Aur. Tard. 5, 1, n. 18.
praeumbrans prae-umbrans, antis, Part. [umbro], casting a shade before. Trop., darkening, obscuring (post-Aug.), Tac. A. 14, 47.
praeunctus prae-unctus, a, um, Part., from praeungo.
praeungo prae-ungo, no perf., unctum, 3, v. a., to smear or anoint before (post-class.): praeungendum est vulnus,Theod. Prisc. 1, 19: digitus praeunctus adipe anserino,Cael. Aur. Tard. 4, 3, 45.
praeuro prae-ūro, ussi, ustum, 3, v. a., to burn before, burn at the end or point (class. but not in Cic.); esp. freq. in part. perf.: hasta praeusta,Liv. 1, 32: stipites ab summo praeacuti et praeusti,Caes. B. G. 7, 73, 6; cf.: multae praeustae sudes,id. ib. 5, 40: sudibus praeustis,Verg. A. 7, 524: praeusta et praeacuta materia,Caes. B. G. 7, 22 fin.: tela,
hardened in the fire
,Tac. A. 2, 14. In gen., to scorch, parch, wither: ne (uvae) praeurantur,Col. Arb. 11, 2 (dub.; al. perurantur). Also of cold: praeustis in transitu Alpium nive membris,
praevado prae-vādo, ĕre, 3, v. n., to pass before. Transf., to be discharged from, rid of any thing, with gen.: Quintius dictaturam properat praevadere,Sen. Brev. Vit. 17, 6.
praevalens prae-vălens, entis, Part. and P. a., from praevaleo.
praevalentia praevălentĭa, ae, f.praevaleo, superior force (post-class.), Dig. 6, 1, 23.
praevaleo prae-vălĕo, ŭi, 2, v. n. In gen., to be very or more able, to have distinguished power or influence; to have greater power or worth; to be superior or distinguished, have the superiority, prevail (not ante-Aug.; cf.: praesto, excello, praecedo): virtute semper praevalet sapientia,
,Tac. H. 2, 65: tuum erit consultare, utrum praevaleat, quod ex Arminio concepit, an quod ex me genita est,
which should have more weight
,id. A. 1, 58; Dig. 1, 5, 10. With inf.: praevaluit ire,Vulg. 1 Par. 21, 30. With contra, Vulg. Gen. 32, 28. With dat. (late Lat.): quae (mala) etiam praevalent bonis,Lact. Epit. 68, 21: portis inferi et mortis legibus praevalere, Leo M. p. 51, 1 fin. In partic., of medicines, to be of great virtue or efficacy: trifolium praevalet contra serpentium ictus,Plin. 21, 21, 88, § 152: lac praevalet ad vitia in facie sananda,id. 28, 7, 21, § 75. In law, to be settled, established, Just. Inst. 1, 6, 3. Hence, praevălens, entis, P. a., very strong, very powerful: populus, Liv. praef.: praevalens corpore,Vell. 2, 108, 2; Plin. 5, 24, 20, § 84.
praevalesco praevălesco, ĕre, v. inch. n. [praevaleo], to become or grow very strong (postAug.): ante, quam arbor praevalescat,Col. 5, 6, 17.
praevalide praevălĭdē, adv., v. praevalidus fin.
praevalidus praevălĭdus, a, um, adj.praevaleo, very strong (not in Cic. or Cæs.). Lit. Of persons: juvenis,Liv. 7, 5: legiones,Vell. 2, 69, 2: cohortes,Tac. H. 2, 28. Of things: manus,Ov. H. 9, 80: ramus,Suet. Vesp. 5.Trop., very strong, very powerful, prevailing, prevalent. Of persons, Tac. A. 3, 35. Of things: urbes,Liv. 27, 39: neu (terra) se praevalidam primis ostendat aristis,
praevallo prae-vallo, āre, v. a., to fortify in front (post-class.): pontem, Auct. B. Alex. 19; Claud. ap. I. Cons. Stil. 2, 188.
praevaporo prae-văpōro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to fumigate or perfume beforehand (post-class.): loca,Cael. Aur. Acut. 1, 3: praevaporata loca,Theod. Prisc. 1, 2.
praevaricatio praevārĭcātĭo, ōnis, f.praevaricor, a stepping out of the line of duty, a violation of duty; esp. of an advocate who has a secret understanding with the opposite party, the making of a sham accusation or defence, collusion, prevarication (class.), Cic. Part. 36, 124: de praevaricatione absolutus,id. Q. Fr. 2, 16, 3: praevaricatio est, transire dicenda; praevaricatio etiam, cursim et breviter attingere, quae sint inculcanda, infigenda, repetenda,Plin. Ep. 1, 20, 2: praevaricationis crimine corruere,id. ib. 3, 9, 34: praevaricationis damnatus,id. ib.Transgression, deviation from duty or law (eccl. Lat.): ubi enim non est lex, nec praevaricatio,Vulg. Rom. 4, 15: in redemptionem earum praevaricationum,id. Heb. 9, 15.
praevaricator praevārĭcātor, ōris, m.praevaricor, one who violates his duty; esp. of an advocate who is guilty of collusion with the opposite party, a sham accuser or defender, a prevaricator (class.): praevaricatores a praetergrediendo sunt vocitati, Paul. ex Fest. p. 226 Müll.: praevaricator significat eum, qui in contrariis causis quasi varie esse positus videatur,Cic. Part. 36, 126: praevaricatorem esse eum ostendimus, qui colludit cum reo, et translaticie munere accusandi defungitur, eo quod proprias quidem probationes dissimularet, falsas vero rei excusationes admitteret,Dig. 48, 16, 1: praevaricator autem est quasi varicator, qui diversam partem adjuvat, prodita causa sua,ib. 3, 2, 4; Cic. Div. in Caecil. 18, 58: praevaricatorem sibi apponere,id. Phil. 2, 11, 25. With gen.: praevaricator Catilinae,Cic. Pis. 10, 23: causae publicae, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 11, 1.A sinner, transgressor (eccl. Lat.): legis,Vulg. Rom. 2, 25; id. Gal. 2, 18. Esp., an apostate: nos praevaricatores eos existimamus qui susceptam fidem et cognitionem Dei adeptam relinquunt, Hilar. in Psa. 118, 15, 11: Dei,Lact. 2, 16; cf. Tert. ad Marc. 4, 43.
praevaricatrix prae-vārĭcātrix, īcis, f.praevaricator, she who transgresses or sins (eccl. Lat.), Aug. Ep. 89, 20; Hier. in Isa. 5, 12, 3; id. in Matt. 22, 7; Vulg. Jer. 3, 7.
praevaricor prae-vārĭcor, ātus, 1, v. dep., to walk crookedly, not to walk straight. * Lit.: arator praevaricatur,
makes a crooked furrow
,Plin. 18, 19, 49, § 179.Trop.To walk crookedly in the discharge of one's duty, not to act uprightly; esp. of an advocate who is guilty of collusion with the opposite party, to make a sham accusation or defence, to collude, prevaricate: qui praevaricatur, ex utrāque parte consistit, quinimo ex alterā,Dig. 47, 15, 1; cf. Plin. l. c. supra: a Catilina pecuniam accepit, ut turpissime praevaricaretur, Auct. Har. Resp. 20; Plin. Ep. 3, 9, 29. With dat., to favor collusively: interdum non defendere, sed praevaricari accusationi videbatur,Cic. Clu. 21, 58. Late Lat., to transgress, sin against, violate: pactum meum,Vulg. Jos. 7, 11: contra me,id. Deut. 32, 51: legem, id. Osee, 8, 1. Also in the form praevā-rĭco, āre: quod audivit, praevaricavit,Aug. Tract. in Joann. 99; cf. Prisc. 8, 6, 29.
praevarus prae-vārus, a, um, adj., very irregular or unsteady (very rare). Lit.: venarum pulsus praevaros (al. praeclaros, i. e. certos, distinctos),App. Flor. p. 362, 17.Trop., very perverse: quid enim tam praevarum? Cic. Fragm. ap. Isid. Orig. 10, 233.
praevectus praevectus, a, um, Part., from praevehor.
praevehor prae-vĕhor, ctus, 3, v. dep. n. and a.To ride, fly, or flow before, in front, or past (not in Cic. or Cæs.): equites Romani praevecti,
,id. ib. 4, 71.Lit., to rush or flow past: Rhenus servat nomen, quā Germaniam praevehitur,
flows by
,Tac. A. 2, 6.Trop., to flow forth: omnia haec mire placent, cum impetu quodam et flumine praevehuntur,Plin. Ep. 1, 16, 2.
praevello prae-vello, velli or vulsi, 3, v. a., to tear away before, to tear away (ante- and post-class.), Laber. ap. Diom. p. 369 P.; Tert. adv. Gnost. 13.
praevelo prae-vēlo, āre, v. a., to veil or cover over; to conceal by placing before (late Lat.): flammea praevelatura pudorem,Claud. Rapt. Pros. 2, 325: praevelans fronde secures,id. VI. Cons. Honor. 647: amnem Tiberis domibus amoenis,id. Laud. Stil. 2, 189.
praevenio prae-vĕnĭo, vēni, ventum, 4 (in tmesi: praeque diem veniens,Verg. E. 8, 17), v. n. and a., to come before, precede, get the start of, to outstrip, anticipate, to prevent (postAug.; for, in Cic. Off. 3, 7, 33, the correct reading is peremisset; cf.: antevenio, antecedo, praeverto); constr. absol. or with acc.Lit., absol.: hostis breviore viā praeventurus erat,Liv. 22, 24: praevenerat non fama solum, sed nuncius etiam ex regiis servis,id. 24, 21: Lucifero praeveniente,Ov. F. 5, 548. With acc.: talia agentem mors praevenit,
,Val. Max. 1, 3, 3. In pass., to be prevented, hindered, etc.: quae ipse paravisset facere, perfidiā clientis sui praeventa,Sall. J. 71, 5: quod non praeventum morte fuisse, dolet,
,Tac. A. 14, 7: si maritus sit in magistratu, potest praeveniri a patre,
the father can bring the accusation first
,Dig. 48, 5, 15.To come or go beforehand (late Lat.): ut praeveniant ad vos,Vulg. 2 Cor. 9, 5: praevenit ungere corpus meum,id. Marc. 14, 8.Trop., to surpass, excel, be superior (post-Aug.): Nomentanae vites fecunditate (Amineas) praeveniunt,Col. 3, 2, 14.
praeventio praeventĭo, ōnis, f.praevenio, an anticipating (eccl. Lat.), Aug. c. Gaudent. 1, 14; Primas in Gal. 6.
praeventor praeventor, ōris, m.id., a kind of soldiers, perh. those who began the attack (post-class.), Amm. 18, 9, 3.
praeventus praeventus, a, um, Part., from praevenio.
praeventus praeventus, ūs (only in abl. sing.), m.praevenio, a preventing (eccl. Lat.): mortis,Tert. adv. Marc. 5, 12.
praeverbium praeverbĭum, ii, n.prae-verbum. In gram., a preposition (ante- and postclass.), Varr. L. L. 6, §§ 38, 82 Müll.; Gell. 7, 7, 5.
praevernat prae-vernat, āre, v. impers., to be spring too early or before the time (postAug.): quando praevernat,
praeverro prae-verro, ĕre, v. a., to sweep or brush before (poet.): veste vias,Ov. Am. 3, 13, 24: praeverrit cauda silices (al. perverrit),Verg. M. 23.
praeverto prae-verto or -vorto, ti, 3, v. a., and (only in present tense) praevertor or -vortor (inf. pass. paragog. praevortier, Plaut. Am. 3, 2, 39), 3, v. dep.To prefer: ne me uxorem praevertisse dicant prae republicā,Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 29: si vacas animo, neque habes aliquid, quod huic sermoni praevertendum putes,Cic. Div. 1, 6, 10; Gell. 4, 3, 2.To go before, precede, outstrip, outrun.Lit. (poet.): cursu pedum ventos,Verg. A. 7, 807: equo ventos,id. ib. 12, 345: volucremque fugā praevertitur Eurum,id. ib. 1, 317: vestigia cervae,Cat. 64, 341; Stat. Th. 5, 691.Trop.To be beforehand with, to anticipate; with acc., to prevent, make useless: nostra omnis lis est: pulcre praevortar viros, will anticipate, be beforehand with them (cf. praevenio), Plaut. Cas. 2, 8, 75: aggerem et vineas egit, turresque admovit: quorum usum forte oblata opportunitas praevertit,
,Ov. M. 2, 657: celeri praevertit tristia leto,Luc. 8, 29: quae absolvi, quoniam mors praeverterat, nequiverunt,Gell. 17, 10, 6.To take possession of beforehand, to preoccupy, prepossess: vivo tentat praevertere amore Jampridem resides animos,
,Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 59.To surpass in worth, outweigh, exceed, to be preferable, of more importance: erilis praevertit metus,Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 16: quoniam pietatem amori tuo video praevortere, outweigh,exceed, id. Ps. 1, 3, 59: nec posse, cum hostes prope ad portas essent, bello praevertisse quicquam,Liv. 2, 24.To turn one's attention first or principally to, to do first or in preference to any thing else, to despatch first; used esp. in the dep. With dat.: rei mandatae omnes sapientes primum praevorti decet,
,id. Merc. 1, 2, 3: etsi ab hoste discedere detrimentosum esse existimabat, tamen huic rei praevertendum existimavit,Caes. B. G. 7, 33. With acc., to do or attend to in preference: hoc praevortar principio,Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 8: si quid dictum est per jocum, non aequom est, id te serio praevortier,
,id. 35, 33. Pass.: praevorti hoc certum est rebus aliis omnibus,Plaut. Cist. 5, 1, 8. With ad, to apply one's self particularly to any thing: si quando ad interna praeverterent,Tac. A. 4, 32; so, praevertor, dep.: nunc praevertemur ad nostrum orbem,Plin. 28, 9, 33, § 123: nunc praevertemur ad differentias aeris,id. 34, 8, 20, § 94: ad ea praeverti,Col. 3, 7: hostes ad occursandum pugnandumque in eos praevertentur,Gell. 3, 7, 6. With an adverb of place: illuc praevertamur,
let us first of all look at this
,Hor. S. 1, 3, 38. (ε) With a rel.-clause; proximum erat narrare glandiferas quoque, ni praeverti cogeret admiratio, quaenam esset vita sine arbore ullā, Plin. H. N. 16, praef. § 1. (ζ) Absol.: in rem quod sit, praevortaris, potius quam, etc.,
praevexatus prae-vexātus, a, um, Part. [vexo], ill-treated, abused, or impaired previously or very much (post-class.): aeger viribus praevexatus,Cael. Aur. Tard. 1, 1, 18: praevexatae vires,id. Acut. 2, 32, 166.
praevians prae-vĭans, antis, Part. [vio], going before (eccl. Lat.), Ambros. in Luc. 3, 21.
praeviator praevĭātor, ōris, m.id., a precursor, herald (eccl. Lat.), Ven. Fort., v. Hilar. 2, 9.
praevideo prae-vĭdĕo, vīdi, vīsum, 2, v. a., to see first or beforehand, to foresee.Lit. (poet.): ictum venientem a vertice,Verg. A. 5, 444: an, quia praevisos in aquā timet hostia cultros?Ov. F. 1, 327: cultri in liquidā praevisi undā,Ov. M. 15, 135.Transf., mentally, To foresee, anticipate, discern beforehand (class.): de re publicā, quam praevideo in summis periculis,Cic. Att. 6, 9, 5: praevisā locorum utilitate,Tac. A. 12, 63: nec praeviderant impetum hostium milites, nec, si praevidissent, satis virium ad arcendum erat,id. H. 4, 15; Plin. Ep. 1, 20, 13; Tac. A. 12, 40: non tantum praevisa, sed subita expedire,id. ib. 14, 55: praevisum periculum subterfugere,Suet. Aug. 10. To provide (late Lat.): quod ne fieret consilio solerti praevidit,Amm. 21, 8, 3.
praevincio prae-vincio, nxi, nctum, 4, v. a. (postclass.). Lit., to bind before or in front, to fetter: laqueo praevinctus,Gell. 15, 10, 2. Trop.: ferinis voluptatibus praevinctus,Gell. 19, 2, 3.
praeviridans prae-vĭrĭdans, antis, P. a.virido, being very green or verdant; transf., very blooming or vigorous (ante-class.), Laber. ap. Macr. S. 2, 7.
praeviridis prae-vĭrĭdis, e, adj., very green: color,Front. Aquaed. 7 dub. (al. perviridis).
praevise praevīsē, adv.praevideo, according to expectation (opp. inopinate), Aug. in Psa. 63, 7.
praevisus praevīsus, a, um, Part., from praevideo.
praevitio prae-vĭtĭo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to corrupt or vitiate beforehand (poet. and in post-class. prose): (gurgitem),Ov. M. 14, 55: ex alio morbo praevitiati,Cael. Aur. Tard. 2, 1, 15.
praevius praevĭus, a, um, adj.prae-via, going before, leading the way (poet.): praevius Aurorae, Solis Noctisque satelles, Cic. Arat. ap. Non. 65, 9: nunc praevius anteit, Ov. M. 11, 65: praevia luci Pallantias,id. ib. 15, 190; Stat. Th. 4, 485: cui (luci) praevius est sol,Aus. Idyll. Monosyllab. 12; Lact. 4, 24, 8; Amm. 14, 11, 18.
praevolo prae-vŏlo, āvi, 1, v. n., to fly before or in advance (class.): grues in tergo praevolantium colla et capita reponunt,Cic. N. D. 2, 49, 125: aquila velut dux viae praevolavit,Tac. H. 1, 62 (but the correct read., Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 41, is praeolat, v. praeolo).
praevulsus praevulsus, a, um, Part., from praevello.
pragma pragma, ătis, n., = πρᾶγμα, a matter, affair, business (post-class.), Jul. Vict. Art. Rhet. 3, 4.
pragmaticarius pragmătĭcārĭus, ii, m.pragmaticus, one who writes down and prepares imperial edicts, rescripts, and the like (postclass.), Cod. Just. 1, 23, 7.
pragmaticus pragmătĭcus, a, um, adj., = πραγματικός, prop., skilled in business, esp. experienced in matters of law: pragmatici homines omnibus historiis cavere jubent et vetant credere,Cic. Att. 2, 20, 1. Hence, Subst.pragmătĭcus, i, m., = πραγματικός, one skilled in the law, who furnished orators and advocates with the principles on which they based their speeches: itaque illi disertissimi homines (Graeci) ministros habent in causis juris peritos, cum ipsi sint imperitissimi, et qui pragmatici vocantur,Cic. de Or. 1, 59, 253 (dub.; bracketed by B. and K.): oratori pragmaticum adjutorem dare,id. ib. 1, 59, 253 (1, 45, 198, written as Greek); Quint. 12, 3, 4; Juv. 7, 123; Dig. 48, 17, 9.Pragmătĭca, ōrum, n., the title of a work by Attius, Gell. 20, 3; perh. the same which is called by Pliny Praxidica and Praxidicum,Plin. 1, ind. lib. 18; 18, 24, 55, § 200.Adj., relating to civil affairs. So in late jurid. Lat.: pragmatica sanctio, or jussio, or annotatio, or constitutio,
an imperial decree that referred to the affairs of a community
,
a pragmatic sanction
,Cod. Just. 1, 2, 10; called pragmaticum rescriptum, Aug. Collat. cum Donatist. 3, c. 2; and absol.: pragmătĭcum, i, n., Cod. Th. 6, 23, 3; 16, 5, 52.
pramnion pramnĭon, ĭi, n., a precious stone, the darkest kind of rock crystal, Plin. 37, 10, 63, § 173 (al. promnium).
Pramnium Pramnĭum vīnum = Πράμνιος οἶνος, a kind of wine in the neighborhood of Smyrna, Plin. 14, 4, 6, § 54.
prandeo prandĕo, di (prandidi, Diom. p. 364), sum, 2, v. n. and a. [prandium]. Neutr., to take breakfast, to breakfast (v. prandium; class.): hic rex cum aceto pransurus est et sale,Plaut. Rud. 4, 2, 32: prandi in navi,id. Men. 2, 3, 50: prandi perbene,id. ib. 5, 9, 81: Caninio consule scito neminem prandisse (because he was elected in the afternoon, and resigned his office on the following morning),Cic. Fam. 7, 30, 1: sic prandete, commilitones, tamquam apud inferos coenaturi,Val. Max. 3, 2, 3: ad satietatem,Suet. Dom. 21; Plin. 28, 5, 14, § 56: prandebat sibi quisque deus,Juv. 13, 46.Act., to breakfast on any thing, to take as a breakfast or luncheon; or, in gen., to eat: calidum prandisti prandium,Plaut. Poen. 3, 5, 14: luscinias prandere,Hor. S. 2, 3, 245: olus,id. Ep. 1, 17, 13. Hence, pransus, a, um, P. a., that has breakfasted (like potus, that has drunk): pransus non avide,Hor. S. 1, 6, 127; 1, 5, 25: pransa Lamia,id. A. P. 340. Because soldiers were accustomed to eat before an engagement; hence, pransus paratus, or curatus et pransus, of soldiers, fed, i. e. ready, fit for fighting: exercitus pransus, paratus, Cato ap. Gell. 15, 13, 5; Varr. ap. Non. 459, 2: ut viri equique curati et pransi essent,Liv. 28, 14: pransus, potus, overfed, gluttonous: adde inscitiam pransi, poti, oscitantis ducis,Cic. Mil. 21, 56.
prandiculum prandĭcŭlum, i, n.dim.id., breakfast: prandicula antiqui dicebant, quae nunc jentacula,Fest. p. 250 Müll.; cf.: prandicula, jentacula, Paul. ex Fest. p. 251 ib.
prandiolum prandĭŏlum, i, n.dim.id., a small breakfast, Not. Tir. p. 166.
prandium prandĭum, ii, n.Sanscr. prep-, pra-, before; Gr. πρῳην; Dor. πράν, early; and Lat. dies; hence, early in the day, sc. that taken or eaten, a late breakfast, luncheon (cf.: jentaculum, cena), usually taken at or soon after noon, composed of bread, fish, cold meats, etc. (it was thought gluttonous to have several dishes and wine at the prandium): ire ad prandium,Plaut. Capt. 3, 1, 18; id. Stich. 4, 2, 45: adducere aliquem ad se ad prandium,id. Poen. 5, 5, 3: coquere alicui prandium,id. Men. 2, 3, 37: funus prandio facere,id. ib. 3, 2, 27: apparare,
pransito pransĭto, āvi, 1, v. freq. n. and a. [prandeo]. Neutr., to breakfast, to eat breakfast or luncheon (mostly ante- and postclass.): ad rivum accumbentes viatores pransitare solent,Vitr. 8, 3: pransitans et cenitans,Lampr. Elag. 27.Act., to breakfast upon, eat at breakfast or luncheon: polentam,Plaut. As. 1, 1, 20: prolem,Arn. 4, 143. Impers. pass.: ut pransitaretur et cenitaretur,Macr. S. 2, 13.
pransor pransor, ōris, m.id., one that eats breakfast, that partakes of a meal in the forenoon, a guest (ante-class.): bonum anteponam prandium pransoribus,Plaut. Men. 2, 2, 2: cum jam manus pransores lavarent, Veran. ap. Macr. S. 3, 6, 14.
pransorius pransōrĭus, a, um, adj.pransor, of or belonging to breakfast or luncheon (postAug.): candelabrum pransorium, for humile, fit to breakfast by (when a lamp was not needed), Quint. 6, 3, 99.
pransus pransus, a, um, P. a., from prandeo.
prapedilon prapĕdīlon, i, and prapĕdĭon, ii, n., the herb lion's-foot, also called leontopo dion, App. Herb. 7.
Prasiae Prasĭae, ārum, f., = Πρασιαί, a township in Attica, Liv. 31, 45.
prasinatus prăsĭnātus, a, um, adj.prasinus, having a leek-green garment (post-Aug.): ostiarius prasinatus,Petr. S. 28.
prasinianus prăsĭnĭānus, a, um, adj.id., leekgreen, prasinian (post-class.): equus, i. e. of the leek-green party of charioteers in the circus, Capit. Ver. 6: si prasinianus es,Petr. 70.
prasinus prăsĭnus, a, um, adj., = πράσινος, leek-green, prasinous: pila prasina,Petr. 27: color,Plin. 37, 10, 67, § 181: de nostrā prasinā est synthesis empta toga,Mart. 10, 29, 4: flabellum,id. 3, 82, 11: factio, the party of charioteers at the games who dressed in leek-green (v. factio), particularly favored by Caligula and Nero, Mart. 13, 78: cf. Suet. Calig. 55; and id. Ner. 22. Hence, subst.: prăsĭnus, i, m., a charioteer of the leek-green party: de prasino conviva loquatur,Mart. 10, 48, 23. Also, a gem, Capitol. Max. J. 1.
pratulum prātŭlum, i, n.dim.pratum, a small meadow (class.): in pratulo consedimus,Cic. Brut. 6, 24: in Siciliae pratulis,Arn. 5, 173.
pratum prātum, i, n. (collat. form prātus, m., Gromat. Vet. p. 322, 5) [root prat-; Sanscr. prath, to spread out; cf. Gr. πλατύς, πλάτανος], a meadow (class.). Lit.: pratum irriguum, aut siccum,Cato, R. R. 8, 1: stercorare,id. ib. 8, 50: irrigua facere,id. ib. 8, 9; Varr. R. R. 2 prooem.: pratorum viriditas,Cic. Sen. 16, 57: irrigare,id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 2: cratire, secare, caedere, sicilire,Plin. 18, 28, 67, § 258; 18, 3, 4, § 20: cultus prati,Col. 2, 17, 1: siccaneum, aut riguum,id. 2, 17, 3; Inscr. Grut. 204.Transf.Meadow-grass (poet.): condita prata in patinis proferre,Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 22; Ov. A. A. 1, 299.A broad field, plain;poet., of the sea: rostro Neptunia prata secare,Cic. Arat. 129.
prave prāvē, adv., v. pravus fin.
pravicordius prāvĭ-cordĭus, a, um, and prāvĭ-cors, dis, adj.pravus-cor, that has a depraved heart (eccl. Lat.), Vulg. Ecclus. 3, 28; Aug. in Psa. 124, 2; 146, 7.
pravus prāvus, a, um, adj.cf. Sanscr. prahva, crooked, crooked, not straight, distorted, misshapen, deformed (opp. rectus; class.). Lit.: prava, cubantia, prona, supina atque absona tecta,Lucr. 4, 517: si quae in membris prava, aut debilitata aut imminuta sunt,Cic. Fin. 5, 17, 46: talus,Hor. S. 1, 3, 48. Absol.: in pravum, into crookedness (post-Aug.): elapsi in pravum artus,Tac. H. 4, 81: quae in pravum induruerunt,Quint. 1, 3, 12.Trop., perverse, irregular, improper, wrong, vicious, bad (syn.: improbus, malus, nequam). Of living beings: pravus factus est,Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 8: impulsores,Tac. H. 4, 68: pravissimus homo,Vell. 2, 80, 3: quae belua ruptis, Cum semel effugit, reddit se prava catenis? i. e. stulta, incauta,Hor. S. 2, 7, 71. With gen. (poet.): pravus fidei,
faithless
,Sil. 3, 253: pravus togae,id. 8, 260: audendi pravus,id. 12, 464. Of things: nihil pravum, perversum,Cic. Rosc. Com. 10, 30: affectio,id. Tusc. 4, 13, 29: dociles imitandis Turpibus et pravis omnes sumus,Juv. 14, 40: a rectis in vitia, a vitiis in prava, a pravis in praecipitia pervenitur,Vell. 2, 10, 1: ad honesta, seu prava juxta levis,Tac. A. 11, 33: aemulatio,id. H. 4, 48: spes,id. A. 3, 56. Comp.: quo pravius nihil esse possit, Cic. Tusc. 3, 33, 80. Sup.: pravissima consuetudinis regula,Cic. Brut. 74, 258. Absol.: in pravum, in perversity: frangas citius, quam corrigas, quae in pravum induruerunt,Quint. 1, 3, 12. Hence, adv.: prāvē, crookedly; trop., improperly, wrongly, amiss, ill, badly (opp. recte; class.): hoc mihi videtur factum prave,Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 24: prave (facta), opp. recte facta,Cic. Ac. 1, 10, 37: ille porro male, prave, nequiter, turpiter cenabat,id. Fin. 2, 8, 25: prave sectus unguis,Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 104: sive ego prave, Seu recte hoc volui,id. S. 2, 3, 87: prave facti versus,id. Ep. 2, 1, 266: pudens prave,id. A. P. 88: prave aliquid intellegere,Plin. 17, 9, 8, § 57: prave detorta verba,Tac. A. 6, 5: facundus,id. ib. 1, 53: prave et perperam appellare,Gell. 4, 9, 4. Sup.: pravissume, Sall. Or. Lepidi adv. Sull.
Praxagoras Praxăgŏras, ae, m., = Πραξαγόρας, a physician of Cos, instructor of Plistonicus, Cels. praef.; Plin. 20, 4, 23, § 52; 26, 2, 6, § 10.
Praxidicum Praxĭdĭcum and Praxĭdĭca, v. pragmaticus, I. B.
Praxilleus Praxillēus or Praxillīus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to the Sicyonian poetess Praxilla: Praxilleum metrum Ionicum majus trimetrum brachycatalectum,Serv. p. 1824 P.: id autem, quod trochaeum recipit, Praxillium dixerunt, ut metrum Praxillae poëtriae Sicyoniae, quod est trimetrum brachycatalectum, habens semper in secundā regione trochaicam basin post Ionicam primam, Marius Victor. ib. p. 2538 P.
precabilis prĕcābĭlis, e, adj.precor, entreating, praying: precabile, δεητικόν, εὐκτικόν, Gloss. Lat. Gr.
precabundus prĕcābundus, a, um, adj.id., entreating, beseeching (late Lat.), Pac. Pan. 36.
precamen prĕcāmen, ĭnis, n.id., a praying, prayer, entreaty (poet.): fundens precamina mille, Poët. ap. Wernsd. Poët. Latin. Min. 6, p. 386, v. 35.
precario prĕcārĭō, adv., v. precarius fin.
precarium prĕcārĭum, ii, n.precor, an oratory, a chapel (post-Aug.), Petr. 30 dub.
precarium prĕcārĭum, ii, n., v. precarius, II.
precarius prĕcārĭus, a, um, adj.id., obtained by begging, entreaty, or prayer (opp. debitus and pro imperio; not freq. till the Aug. per.; perh. used by Cic. only adverbially; v.infra). Lit.: non orare solum precariam opem, sed pro debitā petere,
obtained by entreaty
,
from mere favor
,Liv. 3, 47, 2; cf.: tribunicia potestas, precarium, non justum auxilium ferens,id. 8, 35: vita,Tac. H. 4, 76: precariam animam inter infensos trahere,id. A. 1, 42: imperium (quasi precibus concessum, ac propterea, quandocumque lubeat, rursus adimendum, Orell.),id. H. 1, 52. Hence, as subst.: prĕcārĭum, ii, n., any thing granted or lent upon request and at the will of the grantor: precarium est, quod precibus petenti utendum conceditur tam diu, quamdiu is qui concessit patitur: quod genus liberalitatis ex jure gentium descendit, et distat a donatione eo, quod qui donat sic dat, ne recipiat: qui precario concedit sic dat, quasi tunc recepturus, cum sibi libuerit precarium solvere,Dig. 43, 26, 1.Transf., depending on the will of another, doubtful, uncertain, transient, precarious: forma,Ov. M. 9, 76: sapiens corpus suum, seque ipsum inter precaria numerat,
,Liv. 38, 43. (κ) Absol.: fata deūm flecti precando,Verg. A. 6, 376; so freq. in part. pres.: mitis precanti,Stat. Th. 1, 189: verba precantia,Ov. M. 7, 590: manum precantem Protendere,Verg. A. 12, 930: oliva,Stat. Th. 2, 478: eum sororem dedisse Prusiae precanti,Liv. 42, 12, 4; and parenthetically: gnatique patrisque, Alma, precor, miserere,Verg. A. 6, 117: parce, precor,Hor. C. 4, 1, 2; Ov. H. 16, 11; id. Am. 3, 9, 67: per hoc decus, precor,Hor. Epod. 5, 7. In partic., to wish well or ill to any one, to hail, salute, or address one with a wish, alicui aliquid (class.). Of good wishes: sic exire e patriā, ut omnes sui cives salutem, incolumitatem, reditum precentur,Cic. Pis. 14, 33: cape, Roma, triumphum, Et longum Augusto salva precare diem,Prop. 3, 11 (4, 10), 50: nos perpetuam felicitatem reipublicae precari,Suet. Aug. 58: sibi et suis εὐθανασίαν similem precabatur, id. ib. 97: alicui immortalitatem,Curt. 8, 5, 16: permittamus vela ventis et oram solventibus bene precemur,Quint. Ep. ad Tryph. 3. Of evil wishes, imprecations; with mala, male, etc., to curse, invoke evil upon: neque, si umquam vobis mala precarer, morbum aut mortem aut cruciatum precarer,Cic. Pis. 19, 43: quod tibi evenit, ut omnes male precarentur,id. ib. 14, 33: (Ajax) mala multa precatus Atridis,Hor. S. 2, 3, 203: male precari,Plaut. Merc. 2, 1, 11: pergin' precari pessimo,id. As. 2, 4, 71; cf.: audisti quae malo principi precamur,Plin. Pan. 94, 2. (Act. form prĕco, āre, Prisc. p. 779 P.; partic. precatus, as passive, Juvenc. 3, 85; cf. Varr. ap. Non. 480, 27.)
prehendo prĕhendo (prae-) and sync. pren-do (praen-), di, sum, 3, v. a.prae-hendo; cf. Gr. γεντο, χανδάνω, to lay hold of, to grasp, snatch, seize, catch, take (class.). Lit. In gen.: prehende auriculis, take by the ear-laps, a form of affectionate salutation, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 78: sine te exorem, sine te prendam auriculis, sine dem savium,id. Poen. 1, 2, 163; cf. Tib. 2, 5, 92: fauces alicui,Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 62: quis me properantem prehendit pallio?
,Verg. A. 2, 322.To lay or catch hold of, to detain one in order to speak with him: tuos pater modo me prehendit: ait, etc.,Ter. And. 2, 2, 16: prendo hominem solum: Cur non, inquam,id. Phorm. 4, 3, 15: Syrus est prehendendus, atque exhortandus mihi,id. Heaut. 3, 1, 89: dextrā prehensum Continuit,Verg. A. 2, 592; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 11, 2: prende C. Septimium,Cic. Att. 12, 13, 2.To seize, take by surprise, catch in the act; constr. with in and abl., the simple abl., or gen.: in furto ubi sis prehensus,Plaut. As. 3, 2, 17: in patenti Prensus Aegaeo,Hor. C. 2, 16, 1: prensus manifesto furto,Gell. 11, 18, 7: eā nocte speculatores prensi servi tres, Auct. B. Hisp. 20, 5: quem mendaci praendit manufestum modo, caught in a lie, Plaut Bacch. 4, 4, 45. Of trees, to take root: quarum stirpes tellus amplexa prehendit,Cic. Arat. 116: ut cum (pirorum plantae) prehenderint, inserantur,Pall. 3, 25: vites transferre, sine ambiguitate prehendendi,id. 3, 10.To reach, attain, arrive at (poet.): tandem Italiae fugientes prendimus oras,Verg. A. 6, 61.Poet., to take in with the eye, to reach with the eye: prendere aliquid oculorum lumine,Lucr. 4, 1143: vix oculo prendente modum,
taking in
,
embracing
,Luc. 4, 20.Trop., of the mind, to seize, apprehend, comprehend (very rare): cum animus ipsum (res omnes) moderantem atque regentem paene praehenderit,Cic. Leg. 1, 23, 61.
prehensio prĕhensĭo or prensĭo, ōnis, f.prehendo, a seizing, apprenending. Lit. (ante-class.): tribuni plebis prensionem habent, the right of arresting any one, Atei. Cap. ap. Gell. 13, 12, 4: in magistratu habent alii vocationem, alii prensionem, Varr. ib. (in Caes. B. C. 2, 9, 6, the true reading is pressionibus).
prehenso prĕhenso, and more freq. prenso, āvi, ātum, 1, v. freq. a.id., to grasp, seize, catch, lay hold of (not freq. till after the Aug. period). In gen.: prensare manu bracchia,Hor. S. 1, 9, 64: fastigia dextris,Verg. A. 2, 444: tenaci forcipe ferrum,id. ib. 12, 404: lubrica prensantes effugit umbra manus,Ov. F. 5, 476: prehensare hostium tela,Tac. H. 3, 28. In partic., to take hold of, detain a person, in order to talk with him, thank him, entreat him, etc.: arma, genua, vestigia prensando, flexere militum animos,Tac. H. 1, 66: commanipularium pectora,id. ib. 4, 46: itaque prenso amicos, supplico, ambio domos,Plin. Ep. 2, 9: prensatas exeuntium manus,Liv. 4, 60.Transf., to sue or solicit for an office: circumire et prensare patres,Liv. 1, 47, 7. So absol.: prensat unus P. Galba,
solicits for the consulship
,Cic. Att. 1, 1, 1: nos initium prensandi facere cogitaramus,id. ib.
prehensus prĕhensus and prensus, a, um, Part., from prehendo.
Prelius Prelĭus or Prilĭus (Cod. Erf., Perelius) lăcus, a small lake in Etruria, now Lago di Castiglione, Cic. Mil. 27, 74.
prelum prēlum (prae-), i, n.premo, a press.A press-beam for pressing grapes, olives, etc.; also, meton., a wine-press, oil-press (class.), Cato, R. R. 31: cola prelorum,Verg. G. 2, 242 (prela trabes sunt, quibus uva jam calcata premitur, Serv.); Vitr. 6, 9; Plin. 18, 31, 74, § 317; Dig. 19, 2, 19.A press for smoothing clothes: tua collucent prela lacernis,Mart. 2, 46, 3; cf. id. 11, 8, 5.
Prema Prĕma, ae, f.id., a goddess presiding over newly-married persons, Aug. Civ. Dei, 6, 9, 3; Tert. ad Nat. 2, 11.
premo prĕmo, essi, essum, 3, v. a.etym. dub.; cf. prelum, to press (class.). Lit.: pede pedem alicui premere,Plaut. As. 4, 1, 30: et trepidae matres pressere ad pectora natos,Verg. A. 7, 518: veluti qui sentibus anguem Pressit humi nitens,id. ib. 2, 379: novercae Monstra manu premens,id. ib. 8, 288: pressit et inductis membra paterna rotis,i. e.
,Hor. C. 1, 27, 8. To make with any thing (poet.): aeternā notā,Ov. F. 6, 610: littera articulo pressa tremente,id. H. 10, 140: multā via pressa rotā,id. ib. 18, 134.To press down, let down, cause to sink down, to lower: nec preme, nec summum molire per aethera currum,Ov. M. 2, 135: humanaeque memor sortis, quae tollit eosdem, Et premit,id. Tr. 3, 11, 67: mundus ut ad Scythiam Rhiphaeasque arduus arces Consurgit, premitur Libyae devexus in Austros,
,Lact. 4, 13.Transf.To repress, hide, conceal (mostly poet.): dum nocte premuntur,Verg. A. 6, 827: curam sub corde,id. ib. 4, 332: odium,Plin. Pan. 62: iram,Tac. A. 6, 50: pavorem et consternationem mentis vultu,id. ib. 13, 16: interius omne secretum,Sen. Ep. 3, 4: dolorem silentio,Val. Max. 3, 3, 1ext.; cf. silentia, Sil. 12, 646: aliquid ore,Verg. A. 7, 103: jam te premet nox,Hor. C. 1, 4, 16.To lower, diminish, undervalue, disparage, depreciate: premendorum superiorum arte sese extollebat,Liv. 22, 12: arma Latini,Verg. A. 11, 402: opuscula ( = deprimere atque elevare),Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 36: famam alicujus,Tac. A. 15, 49: premere ac despicere,Quint. 11, 1, 16: premere tumentia, humilia extollere,id. ib. 10, 4, 1.To surpass, exceed: facta premant annos,Ov. M. 7, 449: ne prisca vetustas Laude pudicitiae saecula nostra premat,id. P. 3, 1, 116: quantum Latonia Nymphas Virgo premit,Stat. S. 1, 2, 115.To rule (poet.): dicione premere populos,Verg. A. 7, 737: imperio,id. ib. 1, 54: Mycenas Servitio premet,id. ib. 1, 285.To suppress, pull down, humble, degrade: quae (vocabula) nunc situs premit,Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 118: nec premendo alium me extulisse velim,Liv. 22, 59, 10; cf. id. 39, 41, 1: premebat reum crimen,id. 3, 13, 1.To compress, abridge, condense: haec enim, quae dilatantur a nobis, Zeno sic premebat,Cic. N. D. 2, 7, 20.To check, arrest, repress, restrain: cursum ingenii tui, Brute, premit haec importuna clades civitatis,Cic. Brut. 97, 332: sub imo Corde gemitum,Verg. A. 10, 464: vocem,
to be silent
,id. ib. 9, 324: sermones vulgi,
to restrain
,Tac. A. 3, 6.To store up, lay up in the mind, muse upon: (vocem) ab ore Eripuit pater ac stupefactus numine pressit,Verg. A. 7, 119. Hence, pressus, a, um, P. a.Moderate, slow, suppressed, kept down.Lit.: presso pede eos retro cedentes principes recipiebant,Liv. 8, 8, 9: presso gradu,id. 28, 14, 14; cf.: pressoque legit vestigia gressu,Ov. M. 3, 17.Trop. Of the voice or manner, subdued: haec cum pressis et flebilibus modis, qui totis theatris maestitiam inferant,Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 106. Of color, lowered, depressed; hence, dark, gloomy: color pressus,Pall. 4, 13, 4: color viridi pressior,Plin. 35, 6, 13, § 32: spadices pressi,Serv. Verg. G. 3, 82. Esp., of an orator or of speech. Compressed, concise, plain, without ornament (class.): fiunt pro grandibus tumidi, pressis exiles, fortibus temerarii, etc.,Quint. 10, 2, 16: cum Attici pressi et integri, contra Asiani inflati et inanes haberentur,id. 12, 10, 18. Of style: pressa et tenuia, et quae minimum ab usu cotidiano recedant,Quint. 10, 1, 102: pressus et demissus stilus,Plin. Ep. 1, 8, 5; Quint. 4, 2, 117. Comp.: in concionibus pressior, et circumscriptior, et adductior,more moderate, keeping more within bounds, Plin. Ep. 1, 16, 4.Close, exact, accurate: Thucydides ita verbis aptus et pressus, ut,Cic. de Or. 2, 13, 56: quis te fuit umquam in partiundis rebus pressior? more exact, more accurate, id. Fragm. ap. Non. 364, 24: sicuti taxare pressius crebriusque est, quam tangere,Gell. 2, 6, 5: quod (periculum) observandum pressiore cautelā censeo,
stricter
,
greater
,App. M. 5, p. 160, 36: cogitationes pressiores,id. ib. 5, p. 163, 32. So of sounds, precise, intelligible: (lingua) vocem profusam fingit atque sonos vocis distinctos et pressos facit,Cic. N. D. 2, 59, 149. Hence, adv.: pressē, with pressure, violently (class.): artius pressiusque conflictata, Atei. Capito ap. Gell. 10, 6, 2.Closely, tightly.Lit.: vites pressius putare,Pall. 12, 9: pressius colla radere,Veg. Vet. 1, 56.Trop. Of pronunciation, shortly, neatly, trimly: loqui non aspere, non vaste, non rustice, sed presse, et aequabiliter, et leniter,Cic. de Or. 3, 12, 45; id. Off. 1, 37, 133. Of the mode of expression, etc., concisely, not diffusely: definire presse et anguste,Cic. Or. 33, 117: abundanter dicere, an presse,Quint. 8, 3, 40: pressius et astrictius scripsi,Plin. Ep. 3, 18, 10.Without ornament, simply: unum (genus oratorum) attenuate presseque, alterum sublate ampleque dicentium,Cic. Brut. 55, 202: aliquid describere modo pressius, modo elatius,Plin. Ep. 4, 14, 3.Closely, exactly, correctly, accurately: mihi placet agi subtilius, et pressius,Cic. Fin. 4, 10, 24: definiunt pressius,id. Tusc. 4, 7, 14: anquisitius, et exactius pressiusque disserere,Gell. 1, 3, 21.
prendo prendo, ĕre, v. prehendo.
prensatio prensātĭo, ōnis, f.prenso; v. prehenso, a soliciting, suing, canvassing for an office: praepropera prensatio,Cic. Att. 1, 1, 1.
prensio prensĭo, ōnis, f.prendo, a seizing, grasping, taking hold of: quoniam moribus majorum tribuni plebis prensionem haberent, had the right or office of seizure, Att. Cap. ap. Gell. 12, 12, 4; 6.
prensito prensĭto, āre, v. freq. a.id., to take or catch hold of (post-class.): cum Libitinam ipsam flentes omnes prensitarent,Sid. Ep. 2, 8.
prenso prenso, āre, v. prehenso.
prensorium prensōrĭum, ĭi, n.prendo, a trap, mouse-trap: prensorium ίπος, Gloss. Lat. Gr.
prensus prensus, a, um, Part., from prehendo.
presbyter presbyter, ĕri, m., = πρεσβύτερος. In gen., an elder (eccl. Lat.), Tert. Cor. Mil. 15. In partic., an elder or presbyter in the Christian Church: quid facit, exceptā ordinatione, episcopus, quod presbyter non faciat?Hier. ad Evagr. Ep. 146; Tert. Baptism. 17; Hadr. ap. Vop. Sat. 8, 3; Vulg. Jacob. 5, 14.
presbyteratus presbytĕrātus, ūs, m.presbyter, the office of a presbyter or of a priest, presbyterate, priesthood (eccl. Lat.): diaconatum, et presbyteratum ambire,Hier. Ep. 22, n. 28.
pressicius pressīcĭus, a, um, adj.pressus, pressed, Not. Tir. p. 39.
pressim pressim, adv.id., with pressing, by pressing to one's self (post-class.): me pressim deosculato,App. M. 2, p. 121, 32: linteolo pressim agglutinato,i. e.
closely pressed
,id. ib. 2, p. 128, 23.
pressio pressĭo, ōnis, f.premo. Lit., a pressing, pressing down, pressure (only in Vitruvius): pressio cacuminis,Vitr. 10, 8. Transf., the prop or fulcrum under a lever while the burden is raised, Caes. B. C. 2, 9, 6: pressio, quod Graeci ὑπομόχλιον appellant, Vitr. 10, 8.
presso presso, āre, v. freq. a.premo, to press (poet.): vomicam,Plaut. Pers. 2, 5, 11: pressatur pede pes, mucro mucrone, viro vir, Furius Antias ap. Macr. S. 6, 3: cineres ad pectora pressant,Ov. M. 8, 538: ubera manibus pressanda,i. e.
pressor pressor, ōris, m.premo, a kind of hunter, Isid. Orig. 10 fin.
pressoriola pressōrĭŏla, ae, f.id., a repository (eccl. Lat.), Caes. Reg. ad Virg. 26.
pressorius pressōrĭus, a, um, adj.id.. That serves for pressing grapes, olives, etc. (postAug.): pressoria vasa,Col. 12, 18.Subst.: pressōrĭum, ii, n., a press, Amm. 28, 4, 19: exprimere in pressorio,Plin. Val. 2, 17.
pressule pressŭlē, adv., v. pressulus fin.
pressulus pressŭlus, a, um, adj. dim. [pressus], somewhat pressed in or compressed (postclass.): ampulla pressula rotunditate,App. Flor. p. 346, 26. Hence, adv.: pressŭlē, while pressing on, against, or to one's self (post-class.): filium pressule saviata,App. M. 4, p. 156, 38: lacinia adhaerens pressule,
closely
,id. ib. 10, p. 254, 10.
pressura pressūra, ae, f.premo, a pressing, pressure (post-Aug.). Lit.: pressura palpebrarum,App. M. 5, p. 166, 14. In partic., a pressing of wine, oil, etc.: pressura una culeos viginti implere debet,Plin. 18, 31, 74, § 317: oleum primae pressurae,Col. 12, 50.Transf.A pressure, burden: levare pressuram,App. M. 7, p. 195, 35.A press, throng, crowd of people: nimia densitas pressurae,App. M. 3, p. 130, 9.The downward pressure, fall, descent of water, Front. Aquaed. 18: aquarum,Sen. Q. N. 2, 6, 4.A too heavy, too long, unnatural sleep, Cael. Aur. Acut. 1 praef.That which is pressed out, juice (poet.): Corycii pressura croci, sic, etc.,Luc. 9, 809.Trop., oppression, affliction, distress (eccl. Lat.): pressuram persecutionemque perferre,Tert. ad Uxor. 1, 5; Lact. 5, 22, 17; 4, 26, 19; Vulg. 2 Cor. 1, 4.
pressus pressus, a, um, Part. and P. a., from premo.
pressus pressus, ūs, m.premo, a pressing, pressure (class.). With gen. subj.: animus intentione suā depellit pressum omnem ponderum,Cic. Tusc. 2, 23, 54. With gen. obj.: hic pressu duplici palmarum continet anguem, Cic. poët. N. D. 2, 42, 109: ipso oris pressu, i. e. a proper pressure of the lips, so as not to pronounce too broadly, id. de Or. 3, 11, 43.
prester prēster, ēris, m., = πρηστήρ [burning]. A fiery whirlwind, which descends in the form of a pillar of fire, a water-spout, sand-spout: presteras Graici quos ab re nominitarunt, etc.,Lucr. 6, 424: turbo ardentior accensusque dum furit, prester vocatur, amburens contacta pariter, et proterens,Plin. 2, 48, 50, § 133: spiritus cum majore vi torti sunt, fit procella terrestris, et a Graecis prester nomen accepit, App. de Mundo, p. 62 fin.A kind of serpent, whose bite causes a burning thirst: prester quem percusserit, distenditur, enormique corpulentiā necatur extuberatus,Sol. 27, 32: torridus prester,Luc. 9, 791; Plin. 20, 20, 81 § 210; 24, 13, 73, § 117.
pretium prĕtĭum, ii, n.Sanscr. root par-, pana (for parna), wager, loan; Gr. πι‐πράσκω, to sell; πρίαμαι, to buy; cf. πόρνος, that for or by which any thing is bought or sold (class.). Lit., money spent for any thing: nil pretio parsit, filio dum parceret,Plaut. Capt. prol. 32: femina ... urbem Exiguam pretio posuit,
,Hor. C. 3, 16, 8.Transf., worth, value, price. In gen.: nec mi aurum posco nec mi pretium dederitis, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38 (Ann. v. 200 Vahl.): pretium statuere merci,
,Cic. Rosc. Com. 12, 33. Esp. In phrases: magni, parvi pretii esse, to be high or low in price, of much or little worth, of great or of small value: nullus est tam parvi pretii, quin,Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 60: ne tu habes servum graphicum, et quantivis pretii!id. Ep. 3, 3, 29: agrum majoris pretii nemo habet,Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 12: noli spectare, quanti homo sit: parvi enim pretii est, qui jam nihil est,Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 2, 4: de illis potissimum jactura fit, quia pretii minimi sunt,Sall. Or. ad Caes. 2, 9: pretium habere, to have a value, to be worth something: vendat oleum, si pretium habeat,Cato, R. R. 2, 7: annona porro pretium nisi in calamitate fructuum non habet,Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 98, § 227; but also: pretium habere, to have a price, be for sale: quis ignorat quin id longe sit liberalibus disciplinis dignissimum, non vendere operam: cum pleraque hoc ipso possint videri vilia, quod pretium habent,Quint. 12, 7, 8; hence: pretium non habere, to have no price, be above price (late Lat.): nihil esse pretiosius, immo eum pretium non habere testatur,Aug. Serm. 36, 8: in pretio esse, to be of worth, value, or estimation, to be in repute: tum coquus in pretio esse (coeptus),Liv. 39, 6, 9: nec in pretio fertilis hortus erat,Ov. F. 5, 316; Plin. 33, 1, 6, § 22: in pretio habere, to regard as of value: in magno pretio habere,Sen. Ep. 75, 11: aurum et argentum in pretio habent,Tac. G. 5; for which cf.: pudebat libertatis majus esse apud feminas quam apud viros pretium,Curt. 8, 2, 28: pretium facere, to fix or set a price or value; of a seller: indica, fac pretium. Do. Tua merx est; tua indicatio est,Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 37; of a purchaser: quis faceret pretium, nisi qui sua perdere vellet Omnia?Mart. 1, 86, 7; Dig. 10, 3, 19.Wages, reward (mostly poet.): pro pretio facio ut opera appareat,Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 59: operam Epidici nunc me emere pretio pretioso velim,id. Ep. 1, 2, 17: reddere alicui pro benefactis,id. Capt. 5, 1, 20: palmae pretium victoribus,Verg. A. 5, 111.Trop., worth, value: quales ex hac die experiundo cognovit, perinde operae eorum pretium faceret,
would estimate their services
,Liv. 27, 17: sive aliquod morum Est pretium,Ov. Tr. 1, 9, 43: corticis etiam ad medicamenta pretium est, Plin, 12, 25, 54, § 118; 12, 19, 43, § 95.Transf., pay, hire, wages, reward, price (cf.: stipendium, merces). In a good sense: majores seorsum atque diversum pretium paravere bonis atque strenuis, decurionatus ... aliosque honores, Cato ap. Fest. s. v. optionatus, p. 201 Müll.; so, = praemium (opp. poena), ita et pretium recte facti triumphum haberet L. Paulus pro egregie bello gesto,Liv. 45, 37, 5: ut pretium honoremque debito beneficio addat,id. 45, 14, 1: cum pro cujusque merito consul pretia poenasque exsolvisset,id. 26, 40, 15 Weissenb. ad loc.: satis ampla pretia,
prizes
,id. 21, 43, 6: virtutum pretium,Sen. Clem. 1, 1, 1. Plur.: tam longā valetudine conflictabatur, ut haec tanta pretia vivendi mortis rationibus vincerentur, rewards of living, i. e. motives for living, Plin. Ep. 1, 12, 4. Esp. in phrase pretium curae, and more freq. pretium operae, a reward for trouble: mihi visum est pretium curae, ipsum, senatus consultum quaerere,
seemed to me worth the trouble
,
worth while
,Plin. Ep. 8, 6, 2: est pretium curae cognoscere, etc.,Juv. 6, 474: facturusne operae pretium sim, etc.,... nec satis scio, what will pay for the trouble, Liv. praef.: operae pretium habent libertatem, civitatemque,id. 25, 6; 21, 43: audire est operae pretium, etc., Enn. ap. Acron. ad Hor. S. 1, 2, 37 (Ann. v. 454 Vahl.); so Liv. 3, 26, 7: reddere opis pretium pro factis, Enn. ap. Sen. Ep. 108 (Epigr. v. 6 Vahl.): quo in genere est operae pretium diligentiam majorum recordari,
it is worth while
,Cic. Agr. 2, 27, 73: captā urbe, operae pretium fore,Sall. J. 81, 2; so without operae (post-Aug.): Germanico pretium fuit convertere agmen,
thought it of importance
,Tac. A. 1, 57: ni pretium foret Pisonis sententias noscere,
were it not worth while
,
were it not of importance
,id. ib. 2, 35: posse eum, si operae pretium faciat, principem popularium esse,
if he does any thing worth while
,
any thing of importance
,Liv. 25, 30: duos servos ad hostes transfugisse et operae pretium fecisse, have done valuable service, Quadrig. ap. Sen. Ben. 3, 23: scriptor minime utilis, cujus libro adtingere nullum pretium operae sit,Gell. 12, 2, 1; so, operis pretium est,Sil. 16, 45. In a bad sense (i. q. poena), reward, punishment, like the Gr. τιμή, μισθός (poet.): si malos imitabor, tum pretium pro noxā dabis, Liv. And. ap. Non. 365, 27: verbera, compedes, molae ... haec pretia sunt ignaviae,Plaut. Men. 5, 6, 10: ego pretium ob stultitiam fero,Ter. And. 3, 5, 4: et peccare nefas, aut pretium est mori,Hor. C. 3, 24, 24: ille crucem pretium sceleris tulit, hic diadema,Juv. 13, 105. Of bribery: adduci pretio ad hominem condemnandum,Cic. Caecil. 10, 29: pretio judicem corrumpere,id. ib. 25, 72: nec prece, nec pretio a rectā viā deduci,Auct. Her. 3, 3, 4.
prex prex, prĕcis (nom. and gen. sing. not in use; dat. and acc. sing. only ante-class.; most freq. in plur.), f.precor, a prayer, request, entreaty (class.). In gen.: nunc te oro per precem,Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 47: nihil est preci loci relictum,Ter. And. 3, 4, 22: prece te oro,Hor. S. 2, 6, 13: multā prece prosequi aliquem,id. C. 4, 5, 33: cum magnā prece ad aliquem scribere,Cic. Att. 11, 15, 2: prece et obsecratione humili ac supplici uti,id. Inv. 1, 16, 22: nec prece, nec pretio, nec gratiā, nec simultate a rectā viā deduci,Auct. Her. 3, 3, 4: omnibus precibus te oro et obtestor, ut, etc.,Cic. Att. 9, 11, A, § 3: omnibus precibus petere, ut, etc.,Caes. B. G. 5, 6; Liv. 28, 2: fatigare aliquem precibus,id. 1, 11: precibus flecti,Verg. A. 2, 689: moveri,Ov. H. 7, 3: vinci,id. M. 9, 401: adduci,Caes. B. G. 1, 16: ad miseras preces Decurrere,Hor. C. 3, 29, 59. In partic. A prayer to a deity: in prece totus eram,Ov. F. 6, 251: eorum preces et vota exaudiens,Cic. Planc. 41, 97: vota et preces repudiare,id. Clu. 70, 201: tribuunt ei successus petitionum a potestatibus, et a diis etiam precum,Plin. 29, 4, 19, § 66.A good wish, friendly greeting: tuis Kalendis damus alternas accipimusque preces,
Priamus Prĭămus, i, m., = Πρίαμος. A son of Laomedon, king of Troy, husband of Hecuba, and father of Hector, Helenus, Paris, Deiphobus, Polyxena, Cassandra, etc.; hewas slain by Neoptolemus or Pyrrhus, the son of Achilles, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 607 P. (Ann. v. 17 Vahl.): o pater, o patria, o Pria. mi domus! id. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 19, 44 (Trag v. 118 Vahl.); Verg. A. 1, 458; 3, 50 al.; cf. Cic. Tusc. 1, 35, 85; Ov. M. 13, 404 sq.; Juv. 10, 258; Hyg. Fab. 89 and 90.His grandson, named after him, the son of Polites, Verg. A. 5, 564. Hence, Prĭă-mēis, ĭdis, f., = Πριαμηΐς, Priam's daughter: Atrides visā Priameide,i. e.
Cassandra
,Ov. Am. 1, 9, 37: Priameida viderat ipsam,id. A. A. 2, 405.Prĭămēĭus, a, um, adj., = Πριαμήϊος, of or belonging to Priam: sceptra,Verg. A. 7, 252: virgo Cassandra,id. ib. 2, 403: conjux,i. e.
,id. A. A. 2, 5: heros, i. e. Hector, Auct. Pan. ad Pison. 162.Prīămĭdes, ae, m., = Πριαμίδης, a son of Priam: Priamiden Helenum regnare,Verg. A. 3, 295: Priamides Deiphobus,id. ib. 6, 494: nec quas Priamides in aquosae vallibus Idae Contulit,i. e.
,Mart. 14, 69; Petr. 60.A lecherous person, Cat. 47, 4; Ov. Am. 2, 4, 32. Hence, Prĭāpēĭus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Priapus, Priapian: metrum,Diom. p. 512 P. Prĭāpēĭa, ōrum, n. (sc. carmina), a collection of poems upon Priapus, by various authors.
Priaticus Campus Priaticus Campus, a place near Maronea, in Thrace, Liv. 38, 41.
pridem prīdem, adv.from the obsol. pri-, prei-, (= prae; whence prior, primus, pridie), with demonstrative suffix dem, long ago, long since, a long time ago; without a negative: ita me pridem facere atriensem voluerat,Plaut. Cas. 2, 8, 29; id. Rud. 4, 7, 23: quod ad me pridem scripseras,Cic. Fam. 5, 6, 2; Stat. Th. 3, 680. With a negative: non pridem, haud pridem, not long ago, a short time ago, lately (class.): hoc ego mali non pridem inveni,Ter. Heaut. 2, 1, 17: recens natura est mundi, neque pridem exordia cepit,Lucr. 5, 331: haud ita pridem,
not so very long ago
,Hor. S. 2, 2, 46: Themistocles fuit, nostrā civitate non ita pridem dominatu regio liberatā,
pridianus prīdĭānus, a, um, adj.pridie, of or belonging to the day before, that happened, was used, eaten, etc., the day before, yesterday's (post-Aug.): pridiana ac semesa opsonia apposuit,Suet. Tib. 34; id. Vit. 13: cibus,id. Calig. 58: balinea,Plin. 28, 19, 77, § 248: reliquiae, Cat. ap. App. Mag. p. 277, 13: pluvia,App. M. 7, p. 196, 34: pruina,id. ib. 11, p. 260, 19.
pridie prīdĭē, adv.from the obsol. pri (whence prior, primus, pridem) and dies. Lit., on the day before (class.; opp. postridie). Constr. absol., with acc. of the day from which the reckoning was made, or with quam (class.); also, with gen. (class. only in the phrase pridie ejus diei). Absol., Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 65: cui cum pridie frequentes essetis assensi, postridie ad spem estis inanem pacis devoluti,Cic. Phil. 7, 4, 14: postero die tropaeum posuit, quo loco pridie pugnatum est,Nep. Dat. 8, 3: pridie asservata materia,Plin. 18, 11, 26, § 104. With quam: si hic pridie natus foret, quam hic est,Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 91: pridie quam ego Athenas veni,Cic. Att. 5, 11, 6: haec epistula est pridie data quam illa,id. ib. 3, 8, 2. With gen.: pridie ejus diei,
,Tac. A. 15, 54: Kalendarum,Dig. 28, 1, 5. With acc., designating the day (v. Madvig. § 230, obs. 1): pridie Idus,Cic. Att. 13, 25, 2: Compitalia,id. ib. 2, 3, 3: Quinquatrus,id. ib. 9, 13, 2: eum diem,id. ib. 11, 23, 2: Parilia,Liv. 40, 2: Circenses,Suet. Calig. 55: constitutam diem,Just. 1, 10, 7: nuptiarum diem, Fest. s. v. Regillis, p. 286 Müll.: vindemias,Dig. 24, 3, 7: aequinoctium autumnale,ib. 43, 19, 1.Transf., the phrase pridie Kalendas (Nonas, etc.) is used as a subst.: nos in Formiano esse volumus usque ad pridie Nonas Maias,Cic. Att. 2, 11, 2: ex ante diem III. Non. Jun. usque ad prid. Kal. Sept.,id. ib. 3, 17, 1: gignit id maxime arcturi exortus ex a. d. pridie Idus Septembris,Plin. 11, 16, 15, § 41; cf.: EX. A. D. V. KAL. DEC. AD PR. KAL. JAN. SEXT., for six years, to the 31st December, Inscr. Orell. 594: litterarum datarum pridie Kal. Januar. suavem habuit recordationem clarissimi jurisjurandi, the 31st of December, Cic. Att. 6, 1, 22. With an acc., not designating a day: quod uxorem pridie sortitionem ductam postridie repudiasset,Suet. Tib. 35 fin. Roth (Oud. sortitione). In gen., before, a short time before (post-class.), Dig. 40, 5, 10 fin.; Vell. 2, 83, 3: Psyche, non ita, ut pridie, parvula,App. M. 5, p. 165.
Priene Prĭēnē, ēs, f., = Πριήνη, a maritime town of lonia, the birthplace of Bias, the mod. Samsoon, Cic. Par. 1, 1, 8: plures esse, Bias, pravos, quem clara Priene, etc.,Aus. VII. Sap. Lud. 11, and Biant. 1. Hence, Prĭēnaeus, a, um, adj., = Πριηναῖος, of or belonging to Priene, Prienian: Bias,Sid. Carm. 2, 161.Prĭēnensis, e, adj., of or belonging to Priene: scammonium,Plin. 26, 8, 38, § 60. In plur. subst.: Prĭ-ēnenses, ĭum, m., the inhabitants of Priene, the Prienians, Val. Max. 1, 5, 1.Prĭēneus (trisyl), i, adj. m., = Πριηνεύς, of Priene, Prienian; subst., a Prienian: Bias Prieneus dixit, οἱ πλεῖστοι κακοί, Aus. VII. Sap. Lud. 11, and Biant. 1.
Prilius Prilĭus Lăcus, a small lake in Etruria, now Lago di Castiglione, Cic. Mil. 24, 74.
primaevitas prīmaevĭtas, ātis, f.primaevus, the first period of life, youth, Inscr. Grut. 462, 1.
primaevus prīmaevus, a, um, adj. [primus-aevum, in the first period of life, young, youthful (poet. and late Lat.): primaevus Helenor,Verg. A. 9, 545: natus,Cat. 64, 401: Helix,Val. Fl. 6, 570: vix primaevus eras, cum, etc.,Claud. I. Cons. Stil. 1, 51: corpus,Verg. A. 10, 345; Luc. 6, 562: corpora,Val. Fl. 2, 653: flos,Verg. A. 7, 162: recepisti primaevus originis tuae florem,Amm. 15, 8, 11: adulescens,id. 16, 1, 5.
primanus prīmānus, a, um, adj.primus, of or belonging to the first legion: primanus tribunus apud Catonem ...,Fest. p. 235 Müll.; cf.: primanus tribunus erat, qui primae legioni tributum scribebat, Paul. ex Fest. p. 235 ib. (acc. to Mommsen: qui primam legionem tributim scribebat; v. Becker, Antiq. 3, 2, p. 131). Subst.: prīmāni, ōrum, m., soldiers of the first legion, Tac. H. 2, 43; 4, 37.
primarius prīmārĭus, a, um, adj.id., one of the first, of the first rank, chief, principal, excellent, remarkable (class.): primarius parasitus,Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 73: quoad primarius vir dicat,
primas prīmas, ātis, comm.primus, one of the first or principal, chief, excellent, noble (postclass.): apud primatem feminam,App. M. 2, p. 123, 1: primatis civitatis filius,id. ib. 2, p. 124, 35 (Oud. principum): notitia primatium urbium, Cod. Th. 7, 18, 13: periculo primatum officii,ib. 1, 12, 3; Vulg. 2 Macc. 4, 21.
primatus prīmātus, ūs, m.primas, the first place or rank, preference, pre-eminence, primacy (ante-class. and in post-Aug. prose): alii dant primatum bonis pratis,Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 10: primatum obtinere apud regem,Plin. 24, 17, 102, § 165: donare aliquem primatu,id. 8, 5, 5, § 12; 13, 12, 24, § 79 (opp. secundatus).
prime prīmē, adv., v. primus fin. C.
primiceriatus prīmĭcērĭātus, ūs, m.primicerius, the office of a chief (post-class.), Cod. Th. 12, 27, 1.
primicerius prīmĭcērĭus, ii, m.primus - cera; whose name stands first on the wax-coated tablets; hence, the first among those holding a similar office, a chief, head, superintendent (post-class.): primicerius in officio Praefectorum Praetorio,Veg. Mil. 2, 21: protectorum,
of the guard
,Amm. 18, 3, 5: notariorum, the chancellor or chief of the secretaries, Cod. Th. 11, 18, 1: sacri cubiculi,
the head-chamberlain
,Cod. Just. 12, 28, 1 et saep.
primiformis prīmĭformis, e, adj.primus - forma, of or belonging to the primary form, original, Mar. Victor. p. 2533 P.
primigenius prīmĭgĕnĭus, a, um, adj.primusgeno, gigno. First of all, first of its kind, original, primitive (ante- and post-class.): pecuaria,Varr. R. R. 2, 2: semina,id. ib. 1, 40: seminis fontes,Amm. 14, 6, 17: verba,
radical words
,
primitives
,Varr. L. L. 6, § 36 Müll.: primigenius sulcus dicitur, qui in condendā novā urbe tauro et vaccā designationis causā imprimitur, Paul. ex Fest. p. 236 Müll.Subst.prīmĭgĕnĭa, ōrum, n., the first principle or nature: rerum,Amm. 26, 10, 16.Prīmĭgĕ-nĭi, ōrum, m., an epithet of the Phrygians, who claimed to be the first men, App. M. 11, p. 259, 7.Prīmĭgĕnĭa, ae, f., an epithet of Fortuna, as the attendant of her favorite from birth, Cic. Leg. 2, 11, 28; Liv. 29, 36, 8; 34, 53, 5.
primigenus prīmĭgĕnus, a, um, adj.id., first of all, original (poet.): dies primigenus maris,Lucr. 2, 1106: mens,Avien. Arat. 13.
primipilaris prīmĭpīlāris or prīmōpīlāris, e, adj.primipilus. Of or belonging to the first maniple of the triarii, primipilar (postAug.): honor primipilaris, Fragm. Jur. Rom. Vat. 278 Huschke. (Vid. II. 2. infra.) Of or belonging to a commissary (post-Aug.): species,Cod. Just. 12, 58, 8.Subst.: prīmĭpīlāris, is, m. (sc. centurio), the captain or centurion of this company (postAug.): cessit primipilari,Sen. Const. 18, 4; Tac. H. 2, 22; 4, 15: testamenta primipilarium,Suet. Calig. 38; Inscr. Orell. 517; 748; 3568; Fragm. Jur. Rom. Vat. 141; 143 Huschke.Transf.One who has been primipilaris, an ex-primipilar, Quint. 6, 3, 92. (Post-Aug.) A commissary, Dig. 32, 1, 38, § 4; 50, 5, 18, § 24; Cod. Th. 8, 4, 6. In eccl. Lat., a bishop: conclamatissimus primipilaris,Sid. Ep. 6, 1.
primipilarius prīmĭpīlārĭus, ii, m.id., i. q. primipilaris, the centurion of the first maniple of the triarii (post-class.), Spart. Jul. 5; id. Nig. 2.
primipilatus prīmĭpīlātus, ūs, m.id., the office of chief centurion of the triarii, the primipilate (post-class.), Cod. Just. 12, 63, 1.
primipilum prīmĭpīlum, i, n.id., the office of chief centurion of the triarii (post-class.), Inscr. Murat. 799, 6.
primipilus prīmĭpīlus or prīmōpīlus, i, v. 2. pilus.
primipotens prīmĭpŏtens, entis, adj.primus-potens, the first in power (post-class.): Deus primipotens,App. Trism. p. 92, 3.
primiscrinius prīmīscrīnĭus, ii, m.primus-scrinium, the chief of an official department or college (post - class.), Cod. Just. 12, 50, 12; Inscr. Orell. 2953.
primiter prīmĭter, adv., v. primus fin. D.
primitiae prīmĭtĭae (prīmĭcĭae), ārum, f.primus, the first things of their kind, firstlings.Lit., first-fruits: primitias Cereri farra resecta dabant,Ov. F. 2, 520; id. M. 8, 274; Plin. 18, 2, 2, § 8: pomiferi Laribus consuevimus horti Mittere primitias,Calp. Ecl. 2, 64; Vulg. Exod. 22, 29.Transf., of other things: primitiae metallorum,
primitus prīmĭtus, adv.id., at first, originally, for the first time (ante- and post-class. and poet.): primitu', Lucil. ap. Non. 154, 29: primitus cum exit vitis,Varr. R. R. 1, 31, 2: primitus oritur herba,id. ib. 2, 2, 14; Verg. Cir. 490; Cat. 19, 10: primitus enim ex libamentis deos placabant,Val. Max. 2, 5, 5: proinde atque si primitus Latine fictum esset,Gell. 1, 18, 1; Amm. 14, 6, 12.
primivirgius prīmĭvirgĭus, ĭi, m.primus-virga, one who carries the rod first before the king, head verger: πρωτοραβδοῦχος, primivirgius, Gloss. Gr. Lat.: primivirgius, caballarius, quod primus est militiae in virgis, Gloss. Isid.
primo prīmō, adv., v. primus fin. A.
primocreatus prīmōcrĕātus, a, um, adj.primuscreo. first-created: primogenitus, non primocreatus, Ambros. de Fide, 1, 7, 48.
primogenitalis prīmōgĕnĭtālis, e, adj.primogenitus, the first of all as to origin, original (eccl. Lat.), Tert. adv. Val. 20.
primogenitus prīmōgĕnĭtus, a, um, adj.primusgenitus, first-born (post-Aug. for maximus natu, etc.), Plin. 11, 40, 95, § 234 (al. primis genitis): vitulus,Pall. 1, 39: primogenita omnia deo offerenda,Sulp. Sev. Chron. 1, 18, 8: filius,Lact. 4, 11, 7; 3, 6, 2. As subst.: prīmōgĕnĭta, ōrum, n., the right of the first-born, birthright, Vulg. Gen. 25, 33; Aug. Conf. 7, 9.
primopilus prīmōpīlus and prīmōpīlāris, v. primip-.
primoplastus prīmoplastus, i, m. [vox hibr., from primus - πλαστός, the first - created (eccl. Lat.), Prud. Cath. 9, 27.
primordia prīmordĭa, ōrum, v. primordius.
primordialis prīmordĭālis, e, adj.primordia, that is first of all, original, primordial (eccl. Lat.): lex,Tert. adv. Jud. 2: causa,Amm. 30, 1. Adv.: prīmordĭālĭter, from the beginning, originally (post-class.): in regiones suas, unde primordialiter exsistunt, corpore naturaliter feruntur,Claud. Mamert. Stat. Anim. 2, 5; Aug. Trin. 3, 9.
primordium prīmordĭum, ii, v. primordius.
primordius prīmordĭus, a, um, adj.primus-ordior, original (post-Aug.): primordii seminis mistu,Col. 6, 37, 7 dub. (al. primordiis seminum). Hence, as subst.: prīmor-dĭum, n., and more usually plur.: prī-mordĭa (gen. not in use; principiorum takes its place, Munro ad Lucr. 3, 262; separated and transposed, ordĭa prīma, Lucr. 4, 28), n.The first beginnings, origin, commencement (class.; syn.: principium, initium): primordia rerum, Cic. Part. 2, 7: a Jove Musarum primordia, id. poët. Leg. 2, 3, 7: mundi,Ov. M. 15, 67: gentis,Luc. 10, 177: veterum vocum,Pers. 6, 3: inquieta a primordiis vita,Sen. Brev. Vit. 6, 1: artis,Lact. 12, 10, 3: eloquentiae,Tac. Or. 12; Gell. 12, 1, 9; 17; Lact. 3, 29, 16; Just. 31, 5, 7: dicendi,Quint. 1, 9, 1: terrena,Col. 3, 10, 10: mundi,Sulp. Sev. Chron. 1, 4, 1: in primordiis,Pall. 4, 12. In sing.: a primordio urbis, Liv. init.; Col. 1, 1: in operum suorum primordio stare,
primus prīmus, a, um, adj. sup. [obsol. prep. pri (prei); whence also prior, priscus; cf.: privus, privo, etc., and v. pro], the first, first (properly only when three or more are referred to. The first, as opp. to the second, is prior; but primus is rarely used for prior,Cic. Sest. 19, 44 al.). In gen.: qui primus vulnus dicitur obligavisse,Cic. N. D. 3, 22, 57: primus sentio mala nostra: primus rescisco omnia: Primus porro obnuntio,Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 7: verum primum: verum igitur et extremum,Cic. Off. 3, 6, 27: primae litterae,id. Att. 9, 6, 5: primus inter homines nobilissimos,id. Sest. 3, 6: primi ex omnibus philosophis,id. Fin. 4, 7, 17: primus Graeciae in Thraciam introiit,Nep. Alcib. 7, 4: primus de mille fuisses,Ov. H. 17, 105: in primis,
among the first
,
in the foremost ranks
,Nep. Paus. 5, 3: in primis stetit,id. Epam. 10, 3: in primis pugnantes,Sall. C. 60, 6: leonem primus, aut in primis ferire, id. J. 6, 1: utque pedum primis infans vestigia plantis institerat (= ut primum, etc., poet.), Verg. A. 11, 573: primus post eos quos poëtae tradiderunt movisse aliqua circa rhetoricen Empedocles dicitur (= secundus or proximus ab iis),Quint. 3, 1, 8. In partic. In time or place, first, fore, foremost, the first part; sometimes to be translated, the end, extremity, etc.: in primā provinciā,
,Plin. 2, 13, 10, § 56. With quisque, the first possible, the very first: primo quoque tempore,
at the very first opportunity
,Cic. Fam. 13, 57, 1: primo quoque die,id. Phil. 8, 11, 33: me tibi primum quidque concedente,id. Ac. 2, 16, 49: fluit voluptas et prima quaeque avolat,id. Fin. 2, 32, 106. Subst.: prīma, ōrum, n., the first part, the beginning: quod bellum, si prima satis prospera fuissent,Liv. 8, 3. Of the first principles or elements of things, Lucr. 4, 186: prima consiliorum (for prima consilia),Tac. H. 2, 11: a primo, from the beginning, at first: multum improbiores sunt quam a primo credidi,Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 139; Ter. Phorm. 4, 2, 14; 4, 3, 37: in illā pro Ctesiphonte oratione submissius a primo: deinde pressius,Cic. Or. 8, 26: suam vim retinere a primo ad extremum,id. Fin. 4, 13, 32: hoc a primo cogitavit,id. Att. 8, 11, 2; id. Phil. 2, 30, 75 Halm ad loc.: id a primo rectissime dicitur,id. Fin. 3, 9, 32 Madv. ad loc.: in primo, in front, before, in the beginning, first: equites in primo late ire jubet,
in the van
,Sall. J. 68, 4: qui numerus in primo viget, jacet in extremo,Cic. Or. 64, 215. First in rank or station, chief, principal, most excellent, eminent, distinguished, noble (cf.: princeps, primores): evocat ad se Massiliensium quindecim primos,Caes. B. C. 1, 35: sui municipii facile primus,Cic. Rosc. Am. 6, 15: homo,Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 17, § 37: primis urbis placuisse,Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 23: juvenum primi,Verg. A. 9, 785: est genus hominum, qui esse primos se omnium rerum volunt Nec sunt,Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 17: quia sum apud te primus,
I am the first in your favor
,id. ib. 1, 2, 10: primus humani generis,Sil. 17, 255: urbem Italiae primam,Petr. 116: praedium,Cato, R. R. 1: suavia prima habere,
,Plin. 5, 25, 21, § 88. Also, most conspicuous, chief, in a bad sense: peccatores, quorum primus ego sum,Vulg. 1 Tim. 1, 15: primas partes, or primas agere,
to play the first part
,
to occupy the first rank
,Ter. Phorm. prol. 27: primas in causis agebat Hortensius,Cic. Brut. 90, 308; 47: primas dare, to give the first place, ascribe the greatest importance to a thing: actioni primas dedisse Demosthenes dicitur, cum rogaretur, quid in dicendo esset primum: huic secundas, huic tertias,Cic. de Or. 3, 56, 213: primas deferre, to transfer the first or principal part: amoris erga me tibi primas defero,i. e.
I assign to you the first rank among those who love me
,id. Brut. 95, 327: cum primis, and in primis (also written in one word, impri-mis), with or among the first, chiefly, especially, principally, particularly: homo domi suae cum primis locuples,Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 28, § 69: in primis lautus eques,Nep. Att. 13, 1: oppidum in primis Siciliae clarum,Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 35, § 86: homo in primis improbissimus,id. ib. 2, 3, 27, § 68: vir magnus in primis,id. N. D. 1, 43, 120: in primis hoc a se animadversum esse dicebat,id. de Or. 3, 5, 17: in primis nobis sermo de te fuit,id. Att. 5, 1, 3: in primis ... dein,
first
,
in the first place
,Sall. J. 26, 3. Hence, adv., primo and primum; also, ante- and post-class. and very rare, prime and primiter (the form primo is usually limited to that which is strictly first in time; primum in enumerations of contemporary facts, things, or arguments, where the order is at the speaker's choice; cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 920 sq.). prīmō, at first, at the beginning, first, firstly. In gen.: aedes primo ruere rebamur,Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 42: neque credebam primo mihimet Sosiae,id. ib. 2, 1, 50; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 9, § 26: primo non accredidit,Nep. Dat. 3, 4: Themistocles solus primo profectus est,id. Them. 6, 5: contemptus est primo a tyrannis,id. Thras. 2, 2; id. Ham. 2, 2. With dein, deinde, inde, post, postea, mox, denique, nunc: primo Stoicorum more agamus, deinde nostro instituto vagabimur,Cic. Tusc. 3, 6, 13: primo pecuniae, dein imperii cupido crevit,Sall. C. 10, 3: primo ... deinde ... tum ... tum,Cic. Fin. 1, 16, 50: primo ... deinde,Liv. 1, 27; Curt. 3, 12, 6; 4, 16, 21; 9, 10, 11: primo abstinentiā utendum: deinde danda, etc.,Cels. 5, 26, 34: primo ... inde, ... hinc,Liv. 30, 11, 6: haec primo paulatim crescere: post, etc.,Sall. C. 10, 6: dissuadente primo Vercingetorige, post concedente,Caes. B. G. 7, 15: primo ... postea ... postremo, etc.,Liv. 26, 39: primo ... mox,id. 1, 50: primo ... mox deinde,Just. 1, 3: primo negitare, denique saepius fatigatus, etc.,Sall. J. 111, 2: neque illi credebam primo, nunc vero palam est,Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 91. (Mostly post-Aug. for primum.) With iterum, rursus, secundo: primo ... iterum,Liv. 2, 51: primo ... rursus,Suet. Aug. 17: primo ... secundo,Phaedr. 4, 10, 16.prīmum, at first, first, in the first place, in the beginning (class.). In enumerations, with a foll. deinde, tum: Caesar primum suo, deinde omnium e conspectu remotis equis,Caes. B. G. 1, 25: primum ... deinde ... deinde,Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 58, § 143: primum ... deinde ... tum ... postremo,id. N. D. 2, 1, 3: primum ... deinde ... praeterea ... postremo,id. Div. 2, 56, 116: primum ... tum ... deinde ... post ... tum ... deinde ....,id. Fin. 5, 23, 65; id. Font. 14, 31; cf.: primum ... secundo loco ... deinde ... tum,id. Leg. 1, 13, 35; id. Inv. 2, 27, 79; Curt. 3, 6, 16; 8, 10, 9; Liv. 1, 28; Nep. Them. 2, 3; id. Epam. 1, 3: primum ... subinde,Hor. Ep. 1, 8, 15: primum ... mox,id. ib. 2, 2, 93. Without other adverbs. In gen.: quaerenda pecunia primum est,Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 53: te Quicumque primum Produxit,id. C. 2, 13, 2; id. S. 2, 3, 41. Strengthened with omnium, first of all, Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 13: primum omnium ego ipse vigilo,Cic. Cat. 2, 9, 19. With ut, ubi, simulac, cum. Ut primum, ubi primum, simul ac primum, cum primum, as soon as ever, as soon as: ut primum potestas data est augendae dignitatis tuae, etc.,Cic. Fam. 10, 13, 1: ubi primum potuit, istum reliquit,Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 20, § 48: simul ac primum niti possunt, etc.,id. N. D. 2, 48, 124: tum affuerat, cum primum dati sunt judices,Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 23, § 57. Nunc primum, now first, now for the first time (cf.: nunc demum, now at last): post illa nunc primum audio, Quid illo sit factum,Ter. And. 5, 4, 33. With dum (also by Plaut. joined in one word, pri-mumdum), in the first place, first (anteclass.): primum dum, si falso insimulas, etc. Iterum si id verum est, etc.,Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 26: omnium primumdum haed aedes jam face occlusae sicut,id. Most. 2, 1, 53; 1, 2, 39; id. Capt. 1, 2, 57: primum dum omnium male dictitatur tibi vulgo in sermonibus,id. Trin. 1, 2, 61. With adv. or other expression of time, for the first time: hodie primum ire in ganeum,Plaut. As. 5, 2, 37: quo die primum convocati su mus,Cic. Phil. 5, 11, 30.prīmē, es pecially: fabula prime proba, Naev. ap. Charis. p. 188 P.; cf. Prisc. p. 603 P.prīmĭter, at first, first of all (ante- and post-class.): eripis primiter dapes, Pompon. ap. Non. 154, 26; Inscr. (of the beginning of the third century of Christ) Lab. Epigr. Lat. Scop. in Egitto.
princeps princeps, cĭpis, adj. and subst. comm. [primus-capio], first in time or order (syn. primus). Lit., in gen.: ut quisque in fugā postremus, ita periculo princeps erat,Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 34, § 90: princeps in proelium ibat, ultimus conserto proelio excedebat,Liv. 21, 4: princeps Horatius ibat,
first
,
in front
,
in advance
,id. 1, 26 Weissenb. ad loc.: princeps fuit ad conatum exercitus comparandi,Cic. Phil. 10, 11, 24: Firmani principes pecuniae pollicendae fuerunt,
,id. ib. 1, 53: qui Formiarum moenia dicitur Princeps tenuisse,Hor. C. 3, 17, 7: matri Qui dederit princeps oscula,Ov. F. 2, 714: princeps turmas inducit Asilas,Verg. A. 11, 620: princeps ante omnes,
first of all
,id. ib. 5, 833. Of things: quoniam exordium princeps omnium esse debet,Cic. Inv. 1, 7, 19: qualitatum aliae sunt principes, aliae ex lis ortae,
original
,id. Ac. 1, 7, 26: mensis Romani anni,Col. 11, 2, 3: addere principi Limo particulam,Hor. C. 1, 16, 13: dies imperii princeps, vitae supremus,Tac. A. 1, 9.The first, chief, the most eminent, distinguished, or noble (syn. primores): longe omnium gravitate princeps Plato,Cic. Or. 19, 62: Eudoxus in astrologiā facile princeps,id. Div. 2, 42, 87: quaedam principes feminae,
certain noble ladies
,Plin. 8, 32, 50, § 119: principe loco genitus,id. 37, 2, 11, § 40. Prov.: principibus placuisse viris non ultima laus est,Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 35. Rarely of things: gemma princeps Sardonychus,Juv. 13, 138. As subst.: princeps, cĭpis, m., the first man, first person: princeps senatŭs,
the first senator on the censor's list
,
the first member of the Senate
,Liv. 34, 44. Esp., the first, chief, principal, most distinguished person: quales in re publicā principes essent, talis reliquos solere esse civis,Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 12: juventutis,
one of the noblest of the Roman knights
,id. Vatin. 10, 24: trecenti conjuravimus principes juventutis Romanae, i. e. high-born or patrician youths, Liv. 2, 12, 15 (= proceres juventutis, id. 10, 28, 7); 42, 61, 5. In the time of the emperors this was also a title of honor given to the prince, the heir to the empire, Tac. A. 1, 3: sacerdotum,
the high-priest
,Vulg. Act. 4, 6. A chief, head, author, originator, leader, contriver, etc.: princeps atque architectus sceleris,Cic. Clu. 22, 60: Zeno eorum (Stoicorum) princeps non tam rerum inventor fuit, quam verborum novorum,id. Fin. 3, 2, 5: princeps Argonautarum,i. e.
,Juv. 4, 32. Of ancestors: hinc Dardanus ortus Iasiusque pater, genus a quo principe nostrum,Verg. A. 3, 168 (cf., in this sense, principium, Sil. 15, 748; v. principium, II. B. 2.).A chief, superior, director (ante- and post-class.): principes, qui utrique rei praeponuntur,Varr. R. R. 1, 2; Lampr. Alex. Sev. 32.A prince, i. e. a ruler, sovereign, emperor (poet. and post-Aug.): hic ames dici pater atque princeps,Hor. C. 1, 2, 50; Ov. P. 1, 2, 123; Tac. A. 1, 1: quae non faciet quod principis uxor,Juv. 6, 617; 8, 224. In milit. lang.: princĭpes, um, m., the second line of soldiers, between the hastati and triarii, Liv. 8, 8; 22, 5; 30, 8; 37, 39; cf. Varr. L. L. 5, § 89; Veg. Mil. 1, 20; 2, 15; cf. Ov. F. 3, 129; and Becker, Antiq. 3, 2, p. 249 sq.; p. 269 sq. Princeps also signifies, A company or division of the principes: signum primi principis, of the first company of the principes, Liv. 26, 6, 1: octavum principem duxit,
was centurion of the eighth maniple
,Cic. ad Brut. 1, 8, 2.A centurion or captain of the principes: princeps prior, the first captain of the principes,Caes. B. C. 3, 64 fin.: princeps tertiae legionis,Liv. 25, 14; cf. id. 42, 34.The office of centurion of the principes, the centurionship or captaincy of the principes: mihi primus princeps prioris centuriae est adsignatus, the first captaincy of the principes, Liv. 42, 34, 8. Comp.: omnium priorum principum principiorem, si dici fas est,Cassiod. Hist. Eccl. 1, 1.
Princeps Princeps, cĭpis, m., a celebrated flute-player, Phaedr. 5, 7, 4.
principalis princĭpālis, e, adj.princeps. In gen., first, original, primitive (class.): causae,Cic. Fat. 5, 9: est igitur tropus sermo a naturali et principali significatione translatus ad aliam,Quint. 9, 1, 4: verba,Gell. 11, 15, 5. In partic. In rank, first in rank, station, or esteem, chief, principal: viri,App. Flor. p. 363, 38. Of things abstr. and concr.: pici principales in auguriis,Plin. 10, 18, 20, § 41: principalia in Arabiā tus, et myrrha,id. 12, 13, 30, § 51: principalia aquatilium,id. 31, 6, 38, § 72: causarum aliae sunt perfectae et principales, aliae adjuvantes et proximae,Cic. Fat. 18, 41: quaestio,Quint. 4, 4, 1: post haec duo principalia subjungebat illa non minus intuenda,
,id. 11, 15, 5: de culturā agri praecipere, principale fuit et apud exteros,
a principal thing
,Plin. 18, 3, 5, § 22: principalis obligatio, res (opp. accessio),Gai. Inst. 3, 126. Comp.: principalior,Tert. Anim. 43: principaliora quaeque, id. cont. Marc. 4, 36. As subst.: princĭpālis, is, m.The foremost, overseer, superintendent: officiorum, i. e. of attendants,Cod. Just. 9, 51, 1.The chief magistrate of a municipality, Symm. Ep. 9, 1; Dig. 48, 19, 27; Isid. Orig. 9, 4: principalis aut decurio,Cod. Just. 10, 31, 33; 10, 34, 2, § 1.An inferior officer, Dig. 49, 16, 13.Of or belonging to a prince or ruler, princely, imperial, the emperor's (post-Aug.): principalis quies,Vell. 2, 56, 3: fastigium,id. 1, 11, 6: opera,id. 2, 124, 3: curae,Plin. Pan. 79: copiae,id. ib. 82: apparatus arrogantiae principalis,id. ib. 76: beneficia,id. ib. 36: matrimonium,Tac. H. 1, 22: commentarii,id. ib. 4, 40: fortuna,id. ib. 2, 81: scortum,id. ib. 1, 13: majestas,Suet. Claud. 17: res,id. Calig. 39: bonum,Plin. 13, 3, 4, § 22: vox, Just. Inst. prooem. 3.Of or belonging to the principes, i. e. to the second line in the order of battle (post-class.), Cod. Th. 12, 1, 151; Veg. Mil. 2, 15, 1.Of or belonging to the principium in a camp: principalis castrorum porta nominatur, quod in eo loco est, in quo principes ordines tendunt, Paul. ex Fest. p. 224 Müll.: manipulos legionum principali viā inducit,Liv. 10, 33: porta principalis dextra,id. 4, 19; cf. id. 40, 27. Adv.: princĭpālĭter. In gen., chiefly, principally (post-class.): plurimae bestiae, sed principaliter leones,Sol. 27: negotium gerere,Dig. 3, 2, 4. In partic., like a prince, imperially (post-Aug.): gaudere,Sen. Cons. ad Polyb. 36: mores juventutis quam principaliter formas!Plin. Pan. 47: institutae leges,Arn. 1, 2, 2: non principaliter, incidentally, Mos. et Rom. Leg. Coll. 12, 7, 5.
principalitas princĭpālĭtas, ātis, f.principalis, the first place, superiority, pre-eminence, excellence (post-class.; opp. posteritas, the last place),Tert. Praescr. 31: animae,id. Anim. 13: genera principalitatis,Macr. Somn. Scip. 1, 3.
principaliter princĭpālĭter, adv., v. principalis fin.
principatus princĭpātus, ūs, m.princeps, the first place, pre-eminence, preference (class.). In gen.: omnem naturam necesse est .. habere aliquem in se principatum, ut in homine mentem ... in arborum autem radicibus inesse principatus putatur. Principatum autem id dico, quod Graeci ἡγεμονικόν vocant, quo nihil in quoque genere nec potest, nec debet esse praestantius, Cic. N. D. 2, 11, 29 sq.: animi,id. Tusc. 1, 10, 20: ut quisque aetate antecedit, ita sententiae principatum tenet,id. Sen. 18, 64: Gallia hujus belli sustinendi principatum tenet, i. e. in bello sustinendo,id. Phil. 12, 4, 9: eloquentiae dignitatis principatum dare,id. Off. 2, 19, 49: qui tibi detulerat ex latronibus suis principatum,id. Phil. 2, 3, 5: sol astrorum obtinet principatum, id. N. D. 2, 19, 49: principatum in oleo obtinuit Italia,Plin. 15, 2, 3, § 8; 16, 36, 64, § 156; 37, 13, 76, § 198. In partic. The chief place in the state or the army, the post of commander-in-chief: Cassio dominatum et principatum dari,Cic. Phil. 11, 14, 36: Cingetorigi principatus atque imperium est traditum,Caes. B. G. 6, 8 fin.: obtinere principatum totius Galliae,id. ib. 7, 4: se dejectos principatu,id. ib. 7, 63: de principatu contendere,Nep. Arist. 1. Of the empire (post-Aug.), reign, empire, dominion, sovereignty: Nero toto principatu suo hostis generis humani,Plin. 7, 8, 6, § 46: Fenestella, qui obiit novissimo Tiberii Caesaris principatu,id. 33, 11, 52, § 146: Nerva res olim dissociabiles miscuit, principatum et libertatem,Tac. Agr. 3; Plin. Pan. 36, 3; 45, 3; Suet. Calig. 22; id. Tib. 24.A beginning, origin (class. but very rare): an mundus ab aliquo temporis principatu ortus est?Cic. Univ. 2; cf.: totius opusculi principatus,
the beginning
,Diom. 375 P.The hosts of angels, good or bad (eccl. Lat.), Vulg. Rom. 8, 38; id. Col. 1, 16.
principialis princĭpĭālis, e, adj.principium, that is from the beginning, original (poet.): tempus,Lucr. 5, 246: levor,id. 2, 423.
principio princĭpĭo, āre, v. a.id., to begin to speak, to begin, commence (post-class.): hoc genus principiandi,Aug. Prin. Rhet. p. 328.
principium princĭpĭum, ii, n.princeps, a beginning, commencement, origin (class.; syn.: primordia, initium). In gen.: origo principii nulla est: nam ex principio oriuntur omnia,Cic. Tusc. 1, 23, 54: quid est cujus principium aliquod sit, nihil sit extremum?id. N. D. 1, 8, 20: nec principium, nec finem habere,id. Sen. 21, 78: cujus criminis neque principium invenire, neque evolvere exitum possum,id. Cael. 23, 56: hic fons, hoc principium est movendi,id. Rep. 6, 25, 27: bellorum atque imperiorum,id. Balb. 3, 9: principium pontis,Tac. A. 1, 69: principio lucis,
at daybreak
,Amm. 25, 5, 1: in principiis dicendi,
at the commencement of a speech
,Cic. de Or. 1, 26, 121; so of a declaration in a lawsuit,Juv. 6, 245: suave quoddam principium dicendi,Amm. 30, 4, 19: principia ducere ab aliquo, to derive, deduce: omnium rerum magnarum principia a dis immortalibus ducuntur,id. Vatin. 6, 14: principium urbis,id. Off. 1, 17, 54: scribendi recte sapere est et principium et fons,Hor. A. P. 309: omne principium huc refer,id. C. 3, 6, 6: a Jove principium,Verg. E. 3, 60: anni,Liv. 1, 4: a sanguine Teucri Ducere principium,Ov. M. 13, 705: capessere,
,Plaut. Merc. prol. 40; v. Ritschl ad h. l. Rarely of the boundaries of a country or people: adusque principia Carmanorum,Amm. 23, 6, 74. In partic. Plur., beginnings, foundations, principles, elements (class.): bene provisa et diligenter explorata principia ponantur,Cic. Leg. 1, 13, 37: juris,id. ib. 1, 6, 18: naturae,id. Off. 3, 12, 52; for which: principia naturalia,id. Fin. 3, 5, 17; cf. id. ib. 2, 11, 35: principia rerum, ex quibus omnia constant,
first principles
,
elements
,id. Ac. 2, 36, 117. Prov.: obsta principiis (cf. the French: ce n'est que le premier pas qui coute),Ov. R. Am. 91.That makes a beginning, that votes first: tribus principium fuit, pro tribu Q. Fabius primus scivit, Lex Thoria, Rudorff. p. 142; Lex Appar. ap. Haubold, Moment. Leg. p. 85; Plebissc. ap. Front. Aquaed. 129: Faucia curia fuit principium,
was the first to vote
,Liv. 9, 38 fin. In gen., a beginner, originator, founder, ancestor (poet.): Graecia principium moris fuit,Ov. F. 2, 37: mihi Belus avorum Principium,
ancestor
,
progenitor
,Sil. 15, 748. Here, too, prob. belongs PRINCIPIA SACRA, Æneas andhis successors in Lavinium, ancestors whom the Latins and Romans honored as deities, Inscr. Orell. 2276. In milit. lang.: princĭpĭa, ōrum, n.The foremost ranks, the front line of soldiers, the front or van of an army: post principia,
behind the front
,Liv. 2, 65; cf.: hic ero post principia, inde omnibus signum dabo,Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 11: post principia paulatim recedunt, Sisenn. ap. Non. 135, 31: deinde ipse paulatim procedere; Marium post principia habere,Sall. J. 50, 2: traversis principiis, in planum deducit,id. ib. 49, 6: equites post principia collocat,Liv. 3, 22; Tac. H. 2, 43. The staff-officers, members of the council of war (post-class.): mittere principia,Front. Strat. 2, 5, 30: a principiis salutari,Treb. Pol. Trig. Tyr. 10: advocatis legionum principiis et turmarum,Amm. 25, 5, 1; Cod. 12, 47, 1.A large open space in a camp, in which were the tents of the general, lieutenants, and tribunes, together with the standards, and where speeches were made and councils held; the general's quarters: jura reddere in principiis,Liv. 28, 24: in principiis ac praetorio in unum sermones confundi,id. 7, 12: castrorum,Just. 11, 6, 6: in castris,Varr. R. R. 3, 4, 1: in principiis statuit tabernaculum, eoque omnes cotidie convenire (jussit), ut ibi de summis rebus consilia caperentur,Nep. Eum. 7, 2; Suet. Oth. 1; 6; Flor. 3, 10, 12: primores centurionum et paucos militum in principia vocat,Tac. H. 3, 13; 1, 48; Dig. 49, 16, 12; cf. Front. Strat. 4, 1, 16.Precedence, preference, the first place: principium ergo, columenque omnium rerum preti margaritae tenent,Plin. 9, 35, 54, § 106. Plur., selections, selected passages: principiorum libri circumferuntur, quia existimatur pars aliqua etiam sine ceteris esse perfecta,Plin. Ep. 2, 5, 12. In partic., mastery, dominion (post-class.): ἀρχή, magisterium, magistratus, praesidatus, principium, Gloss. Philox.: in Graeco principii vocabulum, quod est ἀρχή, non tantum ordinativum, sed et potestativum capit principatum, Tert. adv. Hermog. 19.
principor princĭpor, āri, v. dep. a. [princeps], to rule (eccl. Lat.). Lit.: principari in nationes,Lact. 14, 13, 19: prolem ... principibus principantem,Sid. Carm. 9, 47; 23, 90.Transf.: sanguis in nostro corpore principatur,Aug. Prophet. 6.
prinus prīnus, i, f., = πρῖνος, i. q. ilex, the holmoak or great scarlet oak, Vulg. Dan. 13, 58.
prior prĭor and prĭus (old form also in neutr. prior, Val. Antias and Quadrig. ap. Prisc. p. 767), ōris, adj. comp. [from obsol. prep. pri; v. primus init.], former, previous, prior, freq. to be translated first; cf. superior; Cicero nearly always uses prior, opp. to posterior, in time; superior in sense of former, in gen. relation to the present, when no other time is expressed; v. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 921 sq. Lit.: ita priori posterius, posteriori superius non jungitur,Cic. Ac. 2, 14, 44: me quaestorem in primis, aedilem priorem, praetorem primum populus Romanus faciebat,id. Pis. 1, 2: qui prior has angustias occupaverit,
first
,Caes. B. C. 1, 66: prior proelio lacessere,id. ib. 1, 82: etsi utrique primas, priores tamen libenter deferunt Laelio,Cic. Brut. 21, 84: priore loco causam dicere,
,Plin. 11, 37, 47, § 131. Pleon.: cum prior Romanus exercitus praevenisset,Liv. 9, 23, 2: prius praecepta res erat,id. 21, 32, 7; cf. id. 9, 23, 2. Old neutr. prior: hoc senatusconsultum prior factum est, Val. Antias ap. Prisc. p. 767 P.: prior bellum, Quadrig. ib.: foedus prior,id. ib. (cf.: bellum Punicum posterior, Cass. Hem. ib.).Former, i. e. deceased (late Lat.): inter prieres fratres,Amm. 21, 6, 2.Subst.: prĭōres, um, m., forefathers, ancestors, the ancients (poet. and in post-Aug. prose): abiturus illuc, quo priores abierunt,Phaedr. 4, 18, 16: nomen dixere priores Ortygiam,Verg. A. 3, 693: nec ingeniis investigata priorum,Ov. M. 15, 146; 332: priores tradiderunt,Col. 1, 4, 3: nostri,Plin. Ep. 3, 4: more priorum,Ov. M. 10, 218; Sen. Ep. 52, 2.Trop., better, superior, preferable, more excellent or important (not in Cic. and Cæs.): bellante prior,Hor. C. S. 51: color puniceae flore prior rosae,id. C. 4, 10, 4; Ov. H. 18, 69: ut nemo haberetur prior,Liv. 27, 8: aetate et sapientiā,Sall. J. 10, 7: consilio et manu,id. ib. 96, 3: neque prius, neque antiquius quidquam habuit, quam, etc.,Vell. 2, 52, 4. Esp. with potior: potius quanto prius potiusque est Philippum nobis conjungere quam hos,Vell. 36, 7, 6: nulla (res) prior potiorque visa est,id. 8, 29, 2: nihil prius nec potius visum,id. 39, 47, 4: unus Plinius est mihi priores, i. e. worth more than they all, Sent. Augur. ap. Plin. Ep. 4, 27, 4: artium multitudine prior omnibus, eloquentiā nulli secundus,App. Flor. 2, p. 346. Hence, adv. comp.: prĭus. Before, sooner, first, previously (class.). Alone: quem fuit aequius, ut prius introieram in vitam, sic prius exire de vitā,Cic. Lael. 4, 15: regem prius Europā, post et Asiā, expellere,Liv. 37, 52, 4: ut vos prius experti estis, nunc Antiochus experitur,id. 36, 17, 8; so, prius ... nunc,Verg. G. 3, 362: prius ... tum,Cato, R. R. 135; Liv. 34, 55, 5: prius .... postea,id. 29, 12, 11. With quam, and often joined in one word, priusquam. Before that, before: prius quam lucet, assunt,
priorsum prĭorsum and prĭorsus, adv.prisversus, forwards (post-class.): corpus aut accedit priorsum, aut retrorsum recedit (al. prorsum),Macr. S. 7, 9: pergere,id. ib. 7, 13: movetur corpus priorsus ac retrorsus,Claud. Mam. Stat. Anim. 1, 18.
prisce priscē, adv., v. 1. priscus fin.
Priscianus Priscĭānus, i, m.A celebrated grammarian in the time of the emperor Justinian. Theodorus Priscianus, a physician in the time of the emperors Gratian and Valentinian II.
priscus priscus, a, um, adj.for prius-cus, like pris-tinus for prius-tinus, and magis for magius, a comparative form, of or belonging to former times, of many years ago, old, olden, ancient, primitive, antique. Like the Greek ἀρχαῖος, it denotes that which existed before our time, while pristinus is applied also to those things which have existed in our day (class.; cf.: vetus, antiquus). Lit.: credendum est veteribus et priscis viris,Cic. Univ. 11: prisca illa et antiqua rei publicae forma,Vell. 2, 89, 3: illud erat insitum priscis illis, quos cascos appellat Ennius,Cic. Tusc. 1, 12, 27: nam Joves pluris in priscis Graecorum litteris invenimus,id. N. D. 3, 16, 42: severitas,id. Har. Resp. 13, 27: et illud quod loquitur priscum visum iri putat,id. de Or. 3, 11, 42: priscae sanctimoniae virgo,Tac. A. 3, 69: prisci Latini proprie appellati sunt ii, qui prius quam conderetur Roma, fuerunt, Paul. ex Fest. p. 226 Müll.: priscae Latinae coloniae appellatae sunt, ut distinguerent a novis, quae postea a populo dabantur, Fest. p. 241 Müll.: tempus,Ov. F. 1, 197. Priscus has the accessory idea of venerable, and from the Augustan period is frequently applied to whatever dates from the earliest times, the golden age of Rome: prisca gens mortalium,Hor. Epod. 2, 2: priscus Inachus,id. C. 2, 3, 21: Pudor,id. C. S. 57: prisco more,Ov. F. 2, 282: prisco ritu,Plin. 12, 1, 2, § 3: priscum illud acumen, Brute, tuum,Juv. 4, 102: fides,Verg. A. 9, 79; Mart. 1, 40, 2. Subst.: prisci, ōrum, m., the ancients: cum colerent prisci studiosius agros,Ov. F. 3, 779.Transf.Former, previous (poet.): quid si prisca redit Venus?Hor. C. 3, 9, 17: nomen,Ov. M. 14, 850; Spart. Hadr. 5.Old-fashioned, i. e. strict, severe (poet.): prisci praecepta parentis,Cat. 64, 159: Cato, Hor. C. 3, 21, 11: prisca supercilia,Verg. Cop. 34. Hence, adv.: priscē, in the old-fashioned manner, strictly, severely (class. but rare): utrum me secum severe, et graviter, et prisce agere malit, an remisse, ac leniter, et urbane,Cic. Cael. 14, 33.
Priscus Priscus, i, m., a Roman surname, the elder. Of the first Tarquin: Priscus Tarquinius est dictus, quia prius fuit quam Superbus Tarquinius, Paul. ex Fest. p. 226 Müll.; Liv. 1, 34. Tarquinius Numicius Priscus, Liv. 2, 63. Helvidius Priscus, Suet. Vesp. 15. Two Latin poets: Priscus uterque,Ov. P. 4, 16, 10 Burm. ad loc.
prisma prisma, ătis, n., = πρίσμα, a geometrical figure, the prism, Mart. Cap. 6, § 722.
pristinus pristĭnus, a, um, adj.cf. priscus, former, early, original, primitive, pristine (class.): tua pristina dignitas et gloria,Cic. Fam. 1, 5, b, 2: labor meus pristinus,id. Sull. 9, 26: vestra pristina bonitas et misericordia,id. Rosc. Am. 52, 156: veterem consuetudinem fori et pristinum morem judiciorum requirere,id. Mil. 1, 1: odio pristino incensa mulier,id. Clu. 7, 18: pristinum animum erga populum Romanum conservare,Liv. 31, 2: pro pristina amicitiā,Nep. Eum. 4, 4: reminiscens pristini temporis,id. Alc. 6, 3: consuetudo,Caes. B. C. 1, 32: pristina omnium confirmatur opinio,id. ib. 3, 82: in pristinum statum redire,id. B. G. 7, 54; so, gloria,Verg. A. 10, 143: conjux,id. ib. 6, 473: mens,Ov. M. 3, 203: consulatus super pristinum quattuor gessit,Suet. Claud. 14: annotationes, Gell. praef.: pristina jura recipere,Gai. Inst. 1, 129. Subst.: pristĭ-num, i, n., a former condition: in pristinum restituere,Nep. Timol. 1, 1. In partic. Just past, preceding, previous, of yesterday: diei pristini perfidia,Caes. B. G. 4, 14: somnium pristinae noctis,Suet. Aug. 94. = priscus, old-fashioned, old, former, early (ante-class. and postAug.): in vobis resident mores pristini,Plaut. Truc. prol. 6: tribus pristinum nomen possident,Col. 5, 1, 7: aetas,Claud. II. Cons. Stil. 124.
pristinus pristīnus or pistrīnus, a, um, adj.pristis for pistrix, of or belonging to (the constellation of) the Whale (post-Aug.): ex occasu pristini sideris,Col. 11, 2, 5; id. 11, 2, 64.
pristis pristis, v. 1. pistris.
pristix pristix, icis, f., v. 1. pistris.
prius prĭus and prĭusquam, v. prior, adv.
privantia prīvantĭa, ĭum, n., v. privo, II. A.
privatarius prīvātārĭus, a, um, adj.privatus, private (post-class.), Edict. Dioclet. p. 22.
privaticius prīvātīcĭus, a, um, adj.id., privative, negative: privaticia, στερητικά, Gloss. Lat. Gr.
privatim prīvātim, adv.id.. In gen., apart from State affairs, for one's self, as an individual, in private, privately, in a private capacity (opp. publice; class.): eloquentiā et privatim et publice homines perverse abutuntur,Cic. Inv. 1, 4, 5: aut privatim gerere aliquid malunt, aut capessunt rem publicam,id. Fin. 5, 20, 57: privatim mandare rem alicui,id. Rosc. Am. 39, 114: in peregrino quaeritur, privatimne an publice venerit,id. Off. 1, 41, 149: nec societatem tibi quippiam debere nec privatim Quintium debuisse, id. Quint. 4, 15: privatim degeneres, in publicum exitiosi,Tac. A. 11, 17: privatim et publice rapere vasa caelata,Sall. C. 11, 6: publice privatimque gratiam petere,Caes. B. G. 5, 53: fidem sanctam habuit tam privatim, quam publice,
privilegiarius prīvĭlēgĭārĭus, ii, m.privilegium, one who has a privilege, a privileged person (post-class.), Dig. 14, 5, 3; cf. ib. 2, 14, 10; 42, 5, 24.
privilegium prīvĭlēgĭum, ii, n.privus-lex, a bill or law in favor of or against an individual (class.): in privatos homines leges ferri noluerunt; id est enim privilegium,Cic. Leg. 3, 19, 44; cf. id. Sest. 30, 65; id. Dom. 17, 43: de te privilegium tulit,id. Par. 4, 32; id. Brut. 23, 89: licuit tibi ferre non legem, sed nefarium privilegium,id. Dom. 10, 26: privilegia irrogare,id. ib. 10, 42: vim et crudelitatem privilegii publicis litteris consignavit,id. Red. in Sen. 11, 29. In the post-Aug. period, an ordinance in favor of an individual, privilege, prerogative (cf.: beneficium, jus praecipuum, immunitas): coloniam habuisse privilegium, et vetustissimum morem, arbitrio suo rempublicam administrare,Plin. Ep. 10, 47 (56), 1; Traj. ap. Plin. Ep. 10, 109 (110): quaedam privilegia parentibus data sunt, Sen. Ben. 3, 11, 1: privilegio munitus,Dig. 38, 17, 2: privilegium aetatis,Just. 2, 10, 2; Ambros. in Psa. 118, Serm. 13, 15: sacerdotum,Suet. Aug. 93: athletarum,id. ib. 45.
privo prīvo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.privus. To bereave, deprive, rob, strip of any thing (class.; cf.: orbo, viduo). With abl.: haec meretrix meum erum ... privavit bonis, luce, honore,Plaut. Truc. 2, 7, 20: donis privatus sum,id. ib. 2, 7, 56: aliquem approbatione,Cic. Ac. 2, 19, 61: praepositio in privat verbum eā vi, quam haberet, si in praepositum non fuisset,id. Top. 11, 48: aliquem somno,id. Att. 9, 10, 1: se oculis,id. Fin. 5, 29, 87: aliquem vitā,id. Phil. 9, 4, 8: aliquem communi luce,id. Quint. 23, 74: patriam aspectu suo,id. Fam. 4, 9, 3: cibo,Lucr. 1, 1038: lumine,Ov. P. 1, 1, 53: fide,Stat. Th. 2, 695. With gen. (anteclass.): me cum privares tui, Afran. ap. Non. 498, 17 (Com. Rel. p. 156 Rib.). With acc. (ante-class.): quod res vis hunc privari pulcras quas uti solet? Nov. ap. Non. 500, 16 (l. l. p. 224 Rib.).To free, release, deliver from any thing; with abl.: aliquem injuriā,Cic. Agr. 1, 4, 13: exsilio,id. Att. 1, 16, 9: molestiā,id. ib. 12, 26, 2: dolore,id. Fin. 1, 11, 37: dolore,Lucr. 1, 60: dominis superbis,id. 2, 1091: formidine,Hor. S. 2, 7, 77. Hence, prīvantĭa, ĭum, n., privatives, a transl. of the Gr. στερητικά: sunt enim alia contraria, quae privantia licet appellemus Latine, Graece appellantur στερητικά, Cic. Top. 11, 48.prīvātus, a, um, P. a.Apart from the State, peculiar to one's self, of or belonging to an individual, private (opp. publicus or communis; cf. domesticus; class.): nihil privati ac separati agri,Caes. B. G. 4, 1: utatur privatis ut suis,Cic. Off. 1, 7, 20: privatus illis census erat brevis, Commune magnum,Hor. C. 2, 15, 13: vestem mutare privato consensu, opp. publico consilio,Cic. Sest. 12, 27: de communi quicquid poterat, ad se in privatam domum sevocabat,id. Quint. 3, 13: res quae ipsius erant privatae,
private property
,id. ib. 4, 15: privatae feriae vocantur sacrorum propriorum, velut dies natales,Fest. p. 242 Müll. Esp., of persons, not in public or official life, private, deprived of office: cum projectis fascibus et deposito imperio, privatus et captus ipse in alienam venisset potestatem,Caes. B. C. 2, 32; Liv. 3, 41: vir privatus, a private individual, one who is not a magistrate, or in any public office: privato viro imperium extra ordinem dare,Cic. Phil. 11, 10, 25: Bibulus ex iis, qui privati sunt,id. Fam. 1, 1, 3: privatus an cum potestate,id. Inv. 1, 25, 35: privati, opp. reges,id. Div. 1, 40, 89. Of things: aedificia,
,Cic. Sen. 7, 22.Neutr. absol. in the phrases in privato, in private, opp. in publico, in public, Liv. 39, 18: in privatum, for private use: tabernas vendidit in privatum,id. 40, 51: ex privato, from one's private property: tributum ex privato conferre,id. 30, 44.Subst.: prīvātus, i, m. (sc. homo), a man in private life, citizen (opp. magistratus): hic qualis imperator nunc privatus est,Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 63: an vero P. Scipio pontifex maximus Ti. Gracchum privatus interfecit; Catilinam nos consules perferemus?Cic. Cat. 1, 1, 3. Plur., Cic. Leg. 3, 19, 43: consilium dedimus Sullae, privatus ut altum Dormiret,Juv. 1, 16. In the time of the emperors, private, i. e. not imperial, not belonging to the emperor or to the imperial family: id sibi (Domitiano) maxime formidolosum, privati hominis (i. e. Agricolae) nomen supra principis attolli,Tac. Agr. 39: ut summum fastigium privati hominis impleret, cum principis noluisset,Plin. Ep. 2, 1, 2: spectacula,
not given by the emperor
,Suet. Ner. 21. Adv.: prīvā-tō, at home (very rare for the class. privatim, q. v.): privato nos tenuissemus, Liv. Fragm. ap. Prisc. p. 1009 P.
privus prīvus, a, um, adj.Single (archaic): veteres priva dixerunt, quae nos singula dicimus,Gell. 10, 20, 4: in dies privos,Lucr. 5, 733: privas mutari in horas,id. 5, 274: in privas quoniam (vox) se dividit aures,id. 4, 566.Transf.Each, every individual: privam quamque particulam venti sentire, Lucr. 4, 261. Distributively, one each: item his discipulis privos custodes dabo,Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 75: ut privos lapides silices privasque verbenas secum ferrent, each a stone, Senatus Consultum ap. Liv. 30, 43, 9: abdomina thynni, Lucil. ap. Non. 35, 22: in praesentia bubus privis binisque tunicis donati,Liv. 7, 37, 2 Weissenb. ad loc.; cf.: privos privasque antiqui dicebant pro singulis, Paul. ex Fest. p. 226, 6.One's own, private, peculiar, particular: (viden' ut pauper) conducto navigio aeque Nauseat, ac locuples, quem ducit priva triremis?Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 92: turdus, Sive aliud privum dabitur tibi,id. S. 2, 5, 10: opercula doliis priva,Cato, R. R. 10, 4; cf. id. ib. 3, 5: privum aliquid da, quod possim titulis, incidere,Juv. 8, 68: Graeci ea dicunt privis vocibus,Gell. 11, 16, 1.Deprived of, without: privus ipse militiae,Sall. H. 1, 100 Dietsch: turba imperitorum priva verae rationis,App. de Deo Socr. 3, p. 43, 2.
pro prō (archaic collat. form, posi in posimerium; cf. pono, from posino; cf. Gr. ποτί and ποτ with πρός), adv. and prep.root in Sanscr. prep. pra-, before, as in prathamas, first; Gr. πρό; cf.: πρότερος, πρῶτος, etc.; Lat.: prae, prior, priscus, etc.; perh. old abl. form, of which prae is the loc., before, in front of; and, transf., for, with the idea of protection, substitution, or proportion. Adv., found only in the transf. comp. signif. (v. infra, II. B. 3.) in connection with quam and ut: pro quam and pro ut (the latter usually written in one word, prout), like prae quam and prae ut. * Pro quam, in proportion as, just as: nec satis est, pro quam largos exaestuat aestus,Lucr. 2, 1137. Pro ut or prout, according as, in proportion, accordingly, proportionably as, just as, as (class.): compararat argenti bene facti, prout Thermitani hominis facultates ferebant, satis,Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 34, § 83: tuas litteras, prout res postulat, exspecto,id. Att. 11, 6 fin.: id, prout cujusque ingenium erat, interpretabantur,Liv. 38, 50: prout locus iniquus aequusve his aut illis, prout animus pugnantium est, prout numerus, varia pugnae fortuna est,id. 38, 40 fin. With a corresp. ita: ejusque rationem ita haberi, prout haberi lege liceret,Cic. Phil. 5, 17, 46: prout sedes ipsa est, ita varia genera morborum sunt,Cels. 4, 4, 5: prout nives satiaverint, ita Nilum increscere,Plin. 5, 9, 10, § 51.Prep. with abl. (late Lat. with acc.: PRO SALVTEM SVAM,Inscr. Grut. 4, 12; 46, 9; Inscr. Orell. 2360), before, in front of.Lit., of place: sedens pro aede Castoris,Cic. Phil. 3, 11, 27: praesidia, quae pro templis cernitis,id. Mil. 1, 2: ii qui pro portis castrorum in statione erant,Caes. B. G. 4, 32: pro castris copias habere,id. ib. 7, 66: pro castris dimicare,id. ib. 5, 16: pro oppido,id. ib. 7, 71: pro opere consistere,Sall. J. 92, 9: castra pro moenibus locata,Liv. 2, 53; 4, 17: pro muro,id. 30, 10: pro castris explicare aciem,id. 6, 23: pro vallo,Plin. 2, 37, 37, § 101; Vell. 2, 19, 1. With verbs of motion: Caesar pro castris suas copias produxit,
before the camp
,Caes. B. G. 1, 48: hasce tabulas hic ibidem pro pedibus tuis obicito,
before your feet
,App. Mag. p. 337, 36; id. M. 4, p. 155, 2. In partic., with the accessory idea of presence on the front part, on the edge or brink of a place, on or in the front of, often to be translated by a simple on or in: pro censu classis iuniorum, Serv. Tullius cum dixit, accipi debet in censu, ut ait M. Varro, sicuti pro aede Castoris, pro tribunali, pro testimonio,Fest. p. 246 Müll.; cf.: pro significat in, ut pro rostris, pro aede, pro tribunali, Paul. ex Fest. p. 228 Müll.; and: pro sententia ac si dicatur in sententiā, ut pro rostris id est in rostris,id. p. 226 Müll.: hac re pro suggestu pronunciata, qs. standing on the front part of the tribune, or, as we would say, on the tribune, Caes. B. G. 6, 3: pro tribunali cum aliquid ageretur, was transacted before or at my tribunal, Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 21; so, pro tribunali,id. Pis. 5, 11; id. Sest. 15, 34: pro contione, before the assembled army; and, in gen., before the assembly: laudatus pro contione Jugurtha,Sall. J. 8, 2; cf. Curt. 9, 1, 1: pro contione laudibus legati militumque tollere animos,Liv. 7, 7: fortes viros pro contione donantis,Curt. 10, 5, 10: pro contione litteras recitare,id. 4, 10, 16; Liv. 38, 23 fin.: pro contione palam utrumque temptavit,Suet. Vesp. 7; Tac. A. 3, 9; Front. Strat. 1, 11, 3: 4, 5, 11; cf.: pro comitio,Suet. Aug. 43: uti pro consilio imperatum erat,
in the council
,Sall. J. 29, 6; cf.: supplicatio in triduum pro collegio decemvirūm imperata fuit,Liv. 38, 36: pontifices pro collegio decrevisse,Gell. 11, 3, 2: pro collegio pronuntiare,Liv. 4, 26, 9: suas simultates pro magistratu exercere,id. 39, 5: pro munimentis castelli manipulos explicat,
before
,
on the fortifications
,Tac. A. 2, 80; 12, 33: stabat pro litore diversa acies, in front of or upon the shore, id. ib. 14, 30: legionem pro ripā componere,id. ib. 12, 29: velamenta et infulas pro muris ostentant,
in front of
,
from the walls
,Tac. H. 3, 31; so, pro muris,id. A. 2, 81: ad hoc mulieres puerique pro tectis aedificiorum saxa et alia, quae locus praebebat, certatim mittere,
standing on the edge of the roofs
,
from the roofs
,Sall. J. 67, 1 Kritz.Transf. To signify a standing before or in front of, for defence or protection; hence an acting for, in behalf of, in favor of, for the benefit of, on the side of (opp. contra, adversum): veri inveniendi causā contra omnia dici oportere et pro omnibus,Cic. Ac. 2, 18, 60; cf.: hoc non modo non pro me, sed contra me est potius,id. de Or. 3, 20, 75: partim nihil contra Habitum valere, partim etiam pro hoc esse,id. Clu. 32, 88: difficillimum videtur quod dixi, pro ipsis esse quibus eveniunt ista, quae horremus ac tremimus,Sen. Prov. 3, 2: haec cum contra legem proque lege dicta essent,Liv. 34, 8: pro Romano populo armis certare, Enn. ap. Non. 150, 6 (Ann. v. 215 Vahl.); cf.: pro vostrā vitā morti occumbant, id. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 2, 62 (Trag. v. 176 Vahl.): quae ego pro re publica fecissem, Cato ap. Front. p. 149: nihil ab eo praetermissum est, quod aut pro re publicā conquerendum fuit, aut pro eā disputandum,Cic. Sest. 2, 3: omnia me semper pro amicorum periculis, nihil umquam pro me ipso deprecatum,id. de Or. 2, 49, 201: convenit dimicare pro legibus, pro libertate, pro patriā,id. Tusc. 4, 19, 43: dulce et decorum est pro patriā mori,Hor. C. 3, 2, 13; cf. id. ib. 3, 19, 2: pro sollicitis non tacitus reis,id. ib. 4, 1, 14: spondere levi pro paupere,id. A. P. 423: urbes, quae viris aut loco pro hostibus et advorsum se opportunissumae erant,Sall. J. 88, 4: nec aliud adversus validissimas gentes pro nobis utilius, quam, etc.,Tac. Agr. 12: et locus pro vobis et nox erit, Liv 9, 24, 8: et loca sua et genus pugnae pro hoste fuere,id. 39, 30, 3: pro Corbulone aetas, patrius mos ... erant: contra, etc.,Tac. A. 3, 31; id. H. 4, 78; Curt. 4, 14, 16. With the notion of replacement or substitution, in the place of, instead of, for. In gen.: numquam ego argentum pro vino congiario ... disdidi, Cato ap. Front. p. 149: ego ibo pro te, si tibi non libet,Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 10: ego pro te molam,Ter. And. 1, 2, 29; Cic. Leg. 2, 5, 13: mutata (ea dico), in quibus pro verbo proprio subicitur aliud ... ut cum minutum dicimus animum pro parvo, etc.,id. Or. 27, 92 sq.; cf.: libenter etiam copulando verba jungebant, ut sodes pro si audes, sis pro si vis ... ain' pro aisne, nequire pro non quire, malle pro magis velle, nolle pro non velle. Dein etiam saepe et exin pro deinde et exinde dicimus,id. ib. 45, 154: pro vitulā statuis dulcem Aulide natam, Hor S. 2, 3, 199: pro bene sano Ac non incauto fictum astutumque vocamus,id. ib. 1, 3, 61; cf. Suet. Caes. 70: pro ope ferendā sociis pergit ipse ire, etc.,Liv. 23, 28, 11 Weissenb. ad loc.; Zumpt, Gram. § 667; cf.: pro eo, ut ipsi ex alieno agro raperent, suas terras, etc.,Liv. 22, 1, 2. Esp. freq. in connection with the title of any officer, to denote his substitute' pro consule, pro praetore, pro quaestore, pro magistro, etc. (afterwards joined into one word, as proconsul, propraetor, proquaestor, promagister, etc.), proconsul, proprœtor, proquœstor, vice-director: cum pro consule in Ciliciam proficiscens Athenas venissem,Cic. de Or. 1, 18, 82; cf.: cum L. Philippus pro consulibus eum se mittere dixit, non pro consule,
instead of the consuls
,
not as proconsul
,id. Phil. 11, 8, 18: nec pro praetore, Caesarem (vocat),id. ib. 13, 10, 22; Liv. 35, 1. cum Alexandriae pro quaestore essem, Cic. Ac. 2, 4, 11' cf.: litteris Q. Caepionis Bruti pro consule ... Q. Hortensii pro consule opera, etc.,id. Phil. 10, 11, 26: P. Terentius operas in portu et scripturā Asiae pro magistro dedit, id. Att. 11, 10, 1; cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 70, § 169; id. Fam. 13, 65, 1; see also the words proconsul, promagister, propraetor, proquaestor, etc. So of price, penalty, etc., in exchange, in return for: tres minas pro istis duobus dedi,Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 138; id. Aul. 3, 3, 8: pro hujus peccatis ego supplicium sufferam,Ter. And. 5, 3, 17: dimidium ejus quod pactus esset, pro carmine daturum,Cic. de Or. 2, 86, 351: pro vitā hominis nisi hominis vita reddatur, non posse deorum inmortalium numen placari,Caes. B. G. 6, 16: id pro immolatis in foro Tarquiniensium Romanis poenae hostibus redditum,Liv. 7, 19, 3: vos, pro paternis sceleribus, poenas date,Sen. Med. 925; Lact. 2, 7, 21: pro crimine poenas,Ov. Ib. 621. Pro is also frequently used to denote the viewing, judging, considering, representing of a thing as something, for, the same as, just as, as: pro sano loqueris, quom me appellas nomine,Plaut. Men. 2, 2, 24: sese ducit pro adulescentulo,id. Stich. 3, 1, 65; id. Cist. 1, 3, 24: hunc Eduxi a parvulo, habui, amavi pro meo,
as my own
,Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 23: Cato ille noster qui mihi unus est pro centum milibus,
whose voice I regard as equal to that of thousands
,Liv. 39, 49: quoniam de adventu Caesaris pro certo habebamus, to consider as certain, Mat. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 15, 6 et saep.; v. certus. Esp. in certain phrases: pro eo, for the same thing, as just the same: ut si a Caesare, quod speramus, impetrarimus, tuo beneficio nos id consecutos esse judicemus: sin minus, pro eo tantum id habeamus, cum a te data sit opera, ut impetraremus,Cic. Fam. 13, 7, 5. With the particles of comparison: atque (ac), ac si, quasi, just the same as, even as, as though: pro eo ac debui, just as was my duty, Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 1: pro eo ac si concessum sit,Cic. Inv. 1, 32, 54: pro eo est atque si adhibitus non esset,Dig. 28, 1, 22: pro eo erit quasi ne legatum quidem sit,ib. 30, 1, 38: pro eo quod, for the reason that, because: pro eo quod ejus nomen erat magnā apud omnes gloriā,Cic. de Or. 2, 18, 75: pro eo quod pluribus verbis vos quam volui fatigavi, veniam a vobis petitam velim, Liv 38, 49 fin.On account of, for the sake of: dolor pro patriā,Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 24: tumultus pro recuperandā re publicā,id. Brut. 90, 311 dub. (B. and K. omit pro): dedit pro corpore nummos, i. e. to rescue his person,Hor. S. 1, 2, 43: aliquem amare pro ejus eximiā suavitate,Cic. de Or 1, 55, 234: pro quibus meritis quanto opere dilectus sit,Suet. Aug. 57: cum pro incolumitate principis vota susceperunt,Tac. A. 4, 17: pro bono (= bene),Sall. J. 22, 4. Pro is used in its most general sense in stating the relation between two objects or actions, in proportion, in comparison with, according to or as, conformably to, by virtue of, for, etc.: meus pater nunc pro hujus verbis recte et sapienter facit,
according to his story
,Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 133: tu pro oratione nec vir nec mulier mihi's,id. Rud. 4, 4, 71: pro viribus tacere ac fabulari, according to one's ability, Enn. ap. Non. 475, 4 (Trag. v. 181 Vahl.): facere certum'st pro copiā ac sapientiā,Plaut. Merc. 3, 1, 8: agere pro viribus,Cic. Sen. 9, 27: aliquem pro dignitate laudare,id. Rosc. Am. 12, 33: proelium atrocius quam pro numero pugnantium fuit,Liv. 21, 29: pro imperio, by virtue of his office or authority: quia pro imperio palam interfici non poterat,Liv. 1, 51, 2; hence, imperatively, dictatorially, summarily: nec illum ipsum submovere pro imperio posse more majorum,id. 2, 56, 12' hem! satis pro imperio, quisquis es, Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 18: pro tuā prudentiā,Cic. Fam. 4, 10, 2; 11, 12, 2: cum in eam rationem pro suo quisque sensu ac dolore loqueretur,Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 27, § 69: quibus aliquid opis fortasse ego pro meā, tu pro tuā, pro suā quisque parte ferre potuisset,id. Fam. 15, 15, 3: pro virili parte, according to one's ability, id. Sest. 66, 138; Liv. praef. 2; Ov. Tr. 5, 11, 23. Esp. freq.: pro ratā parte and pro ratā, in proportion, proportionably; v. ratus: pro se quisque,
,Caes. B. G. 5, 8: pro facultatibus,Nep. Epam. 3, 5. Pro eo, quantum, or ut, in proportion to, as, according to, according as: eāque pro eo, quantum in quoque sit ponderis, esse aestimanda,Cic. Fin. 4, 21, 58: equidem pro eo, quanti te facio, quicquid feceris, approbabo,id. Fam. 3, 3, 2: tamen pro eo ut temporis difficultas tulit, etc., L. Metell. ap. Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 54, § 126.!*? In composition the o is long in some words, in others short (through the influence of the Gr. προ-): prōdeo, prŏfiteor; and even in words borrowed from the Greek, as prōlogus. Its signification has reference either to place, before, forwards; or to protection, for; procedo, procurro, profanus; procuro, propugno, prosum, protego.
proaedificatum prŏaedĭfĭcātum, i, n.pro-aedifico, a balcony: proaedificatum dicitur, quod ex privato loco processit in publicum solum,Fest. p. 242 Müll.
proagorus prŏāgŏrus, i, m., = προήγορος, a director, the highest magistrate in some towns of Sicily, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 23, § 50; 2, 4, 39, § 85.
proapodosis prŏăpŏdŏsis, is, f., = προαπόδοσις, a figure of speech so called: proapodosis redditio orationis, id est, cum nomen in postremā parte membri, aut eadem quaecumque pars orationis redditur, ex quā idem membrum coepit: ut si dicas: Publicas tibi calamitates imputare debet respublica,Mart. Cap. 5, 175 Grot. (Kopp, § 533, prosapodosis); so Aquila Fig. Sentent. p. 24 Capper.
proarche prŏarchē, ēs, f., = προαρχή, one of the Æons of the Valentinians, Tert. adv. Val. 7, 35.
proauctor prŏ-auctor, ōris, m., a remote ancestor, founder (post-Aug.): generis sui proauctor,Suet. Claud. 24.
proavia prŏ-ăvĭa, ae, f, a grandfather's or grandmother's mother, a great-grandmother (post-Aug.), Suet. Calig. 10; cf. Dig. 38, 10, 1; 10.
proavitus prŏăvītus, a, um, adj.proavus, of or belonging to a great-grandfather, or to one's ancestors, ancestral (poet.): regna,
probabilis prŏbābĭlis, e, adj.id.. Lit., that may be assumed, believed, or proved; likely, credible, probable (class.): probabile est id, quod fere fieri solet, aut quod in opinione positum est, aut quod habet in se ad haec quandam similitudinem, sive id falsum est, sive verum,Cic. Inv. 1, 29, 46: quae probabilia videantur,id. Fin. 5, 26, 76: est enim in his rebus aliquid probabile,id. ib. 3, 17, 58; id. Ac. 2, 11, 33; 2, 63, 154: nihil est tam incredibile, quod non dicendo fiat probabile, id. Par. praef. 1: ratio,id. Off. 1, 3, 8: conjectura et ratio,id. Div. 2, 6, 16: probabilis et prope vera disputatio,id. de Or. 1, 56, 240: causa,Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 67, § 173: mendacium,Liv. 40, 29: Causae,Tac. A. 6, 14.Transf., in gen., worthy of approval, pleasing, agreeable, acceptable, commendable, laudable, good, fit (class.). Of persons: C. Licinius probabilis orator: jam vero etiam probatus,Cic. Brut. 76, 263: voce peracutā atque magnā, nec alia re ulla probabilis,id. ib. 68, 241: discipulus,id. de Or. 1, 28, 129: jucundior et probabilior populo orator,id. ib. 2, 36, 153; Nep. Cat. 3, 1. Of things concr. and abstr.: materia,Cic. Fam. 3, 6, 18: nomen,id. Caec. 25, 71: boves non minus probabiles animis, quam corporibus,Col. 6, 1, 2: aqua maxime probabilis,Plin. 31, 3, 23, § 38: gustus,Col. 3, 2, 24: soli et caeli qualitas,id. ib. 3, 1, 10: rosa nec odore, nec specie probabilis,Plin. 21, 4, 10, § 18: genus orationis,Cic. Part. 6, 19; Liv. 2, 13: mores,Col. 6, 2, 14: vir ingenio sane probabili,Cic. Brut. 48, 180. Hence, adv.: prŏ-bābĭlĭter. Probably, credibly (class.): rem breviter exponere et probabiliter,Cic. Or. 35, 122: rationem reddere,id. Fin. 3, 17, 58: dicere,id. de Or. 2, 82, 337: multa probabiliter argumentatus,Liv. 33, 28: justius et probabilius accusare,Cic. Inv. 2, 46, 136: defendere,Liv. 42, 48.Laudably, fitly, well (post-Aug.): consulatum gerere,Vell. 2, 46, 4: eleganter et probabiliter hoc dictum est,Gell. 9, 16, 6: recte et probabiliter dici,id. 1, 16, 9. Comp.: probabilius Lutatius,Val. Max. 2, 8, 2.
probaticus prŏbătĭcus, a, um, adj., = προβατικός, of or belonging to sheep, sheep- (eccl. Lat.): probatica porta Hierosolymis, the sheep-gate, near which the sheep destined for sacrifice were washed in a pool, Hier. de situ et nomine loc. Hebr. ex Joann. 5, 2.
,Val. Max. 2, 2, 9. In partic. Approbation, approval, assent (class.): ob probationem pretium datum,Cic. Font. 4, 17: tale visum nullum esse ut perceptio consequatur, ut autem probatio, multa,i. e.
,Plin. 2, 2, 2, § 5. In partic., in rhet., the third part of a discourse, also called confirmatio or fides orationis, in which the orator enumerates his arguments, Quint. 3, 9, 1.
probation prŏbătĭon, ii, n., = προβάτιον, a plant, also called arnoglossa, App. Herb. 1.
probativus prŏbātīvus, a, um, adj.probo, of or belonging to proof, probative (post-class.): quaestiones, Auct. Quint. Decl. 299.
probator prŏbātor, ōris, m.id., an approver (rare but class.): quid interest inter suasorem facti et probatorem?Cic. Phil. 2, 12, 29: rationis,id. Caecin. 29, 85: ingenii,Ov. P. 2, 2, 106: malorum improbator, bonorum probator,App. de Deo Socr. 16.A trier, examiner (eccl. Lat.), Vulg. Jer. 20, 12.
probatoria prŏbātōrĭa, ae, f. (sc. epistula) [id.], a letter of recommendation (from the emperor), a certificate of qualification (postclass.): sacra probatoria,Cod. Just. 12, 58, 2: emissa sacri scrinii probatoria,ib. 12, 60, 6; 12, 36, 7.
probatus prŏbātus, a, um, Part. and P. a., from probo.
probito prō-bīto, ĕre, v. a., to move forward: gradum, Pac. ap. Non. 154, 3; v. Trag. Rel. p. 101 Rib.
problema problēma, ătis (gen. plur. problematorum, Gell. 3, 6, 1; abl. plur. problematis, id. 19, 6, 1), n., = πρόβλημα, a question proposed for solution, a problem, enigma, riddle, puzzle (post-Aug.), Suet. Gram. 4: problemata φιλοσοφούμενα, Sen. Contr. 1, 3, 8: Aristotelis libri sunt, qui Problemata physica inscribuntur,Gell. 19, 4, 1: Aristoteles in septimo problematorum,id. 3, 6, 1; 2, 30, 11; App. Mag. 51: in problematis Aristotelis,Gell. 19, 6, 1: proponam vobis problema,Vulg. Judic. 14, 12. Hence, problēmătĭcus, a, um, adj., = προβληματικός, problematic; as subst.: problē-matĭca, ōrum, n., problems, cases set forth as problems (the title of a medical work), Cael. Aur. Tard. 3, 3, 46.
probo prŏbo, āvi, ātum, āre, v. a.1. probus. To try, test, examine, inspect, judge of any thing in respect of its goodness, fitness, etc. (rare in class. Lat.; not in Cic. or Cæs.; in eccl. Lat. very freq.). Lit.: militem neque a moribus neque a fortunā probabat, sed tantum a viribus,Suet. Caes. 65: tus probatur candore, etc.,Plin. 12, 14, 32, § 65: mucronem cultri ad buccam,Petr. 70: terram amaram sive macram,Plin. 17, 5, 3, § 33: denarios,id. 33, 9, 46, § 132: pecuniam,Dig. 46, 3, 39; cf.: sicut probavi ipse,
have learned
,
proved by experience
,Pall. 12, 7, 22: aurum per ignem probatur,Vulg. 1 Pet. 1, 7: juga boum,id. Luc. 14, 19.Trop.: tuo ex ingenio mores alienos probas,
judge of
,Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 30; id. Trin. 4, 3, 42: amicitias utilitate,Ov. P. 2, 3, 8. So, to test, try, prove, examine the mind or heart: ipsi vos probate,Vulg. 2 Cor. 13, 5; cf. id. Zach. 13, 9; id. Psa. 138, 1 et saep.To esteem as good, serviceable, fit, just, etc.; to be satisfied with, to approve a thing (class.; cf. comprobare): quis est, qui non probet, qui non laudet?Cic. Mil. 28, 77: istam rationem laudo vehementer et probo,id. Fam. 7, 1, 5: Cato ea sentit, quae non probantur in vulgus, id. Par. prooem.; id. Fin. 2, 1, 1: Asia picem Idaeam maxime probat,Plin. 14, 20, 25, § 128. With objectclause: Caesar maxime probat coactis navibus mare transire et Pompeium sequi,Caes. B. C. 1, 29. In partic. (mil. t. t.), to approve for military service, to recruit, enlist: quo (die) primum probati sunt, Traj. ap. Plin. Ep. 10, 30, 2.To declare any thing well done, to express approbation of, to approve a thing: laudant fabrum atque aedes probant,Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 20: domum,Cic. Fam. 5, 6, 3: villam,Liv. 4, 22: petentibus, ut ad opera probanda, anni et sex mensium tempus prorogaretur,id. 45, 15: plausu probatae puellae,Juv. 11, 164.To approve a person, torecognize as fit or worthy: ad unum Vercingetorigem probant imperatorem,Caes. B. G. 7, 63, 6: quā impudentiā est, eumne testem improbabit quem judicem probarit?Cic. Rosc. Com. 15, 45.To represent or show a thing to be good, serviceable, fit, right, etc., to make acceptable, to recommend; and: aliquid alicui, to convince one of any thing: quos (libros), ut spero, tibi valde probabo,Cic. Att. 4, 14, 1: officium meum P. Servilio,Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 38, § 82: causam alicui,id. Quint. 30, 92: nostrum officium ac diligentiam,id. Div. in Caecil. 22, 72: factum suum alicui,id. Att. 16, 7, 4: omnia facta dictaque mea sanctissimis moribus tuis,Plin. Ep. 10, 3 (20), 3. With de: quibus de meo celeri reditu non probabam,Cic. Att. 16, 7, 4: se alicui, to make one's self acceptable: (Epicurus) multis se probavit,id. Fin. 2, 25, 81: quā in legatione (Ligarius) et civibus et sociis ita se probavit, ut, etc.,id. Lig. 1, 2. Pass.: mihi egregie probata est oratio tua,
has pleased
,Cic. Tusc. 4, 4, 8. In partic., to make a thing credible, to show, prove, demonstrate: crimen,Cic. Fl. 37, 93: his ego judicibus non probabo, C. Verrem contra leges pecunias cepisse?Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 4, § 10: causam paucis verbis,id. Balb. 21, 49: se memorem probare,
,Ov. M. 2, 91: sicut Thrasvmachi probat exitus,Juv. 7, 204. With se: malo praesens observantiā, indulgentiā, assiduitate memorem me tibi probare, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 24, 1.To represent, pass off a person for another: loquebantur suppositum in ejus locum, quem pro illo probare velles,Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 30, § 78: quod tu istis lacrumis te probare postulas, Non pluris refert quam, etc.,Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 101. So absol.: forma et aetas ipsast, facile ut pro eunucho probes, pass for one, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 84. Hence, prŏbātus, a, um, P. a.Tried, tested, proved, of approved goodness, good, excellent (syn. spectatus). Of persons: ceterarum homines artium spectati et probati,Cic. de Or. 1, 27, 124: ingeniosos et opulentos, et aetatis spatio probatos,id. Top. 19, 73: operum probatissimi artifices,Col. 11, 1, 6: probatissima femina,
probole prŏbŏlē, ēs, f., = προβολή, a putting forth, production (eccl. Lat.), Tert. Praescr. 46.
proboscis prŏboscis (-moscis, Sol. 24, 14; -muscis, Cassiod. Var. 10, 30), ĭdis, f., = προβοσκίς, a trunk, proboscis, a snout. In gen., Varr. ap. Non. 49, 11; Auct. B. Afr. 84, 2. In partic., the trunk or proboscis of an elephant: proboscidem amputare,Plin. 8, 7, 7, § 18; 28, 8, 24, § 88: proboscide abscissā,Flor. 1, 18, 9.
probrachys probrăchys, yos, m., = προβραχύς (sc. πούς), a metrical foot, consisting of one short and four long syllables (e. g. rĕdūndāvērūnt), Diom. p. 478 P.
probriperlecebrae probriperlĕcĕbrae, v. perlecebra.
probrosus prŏbrōsus, a, um, adj.probrum, shameful, ignominious, infamous (class.). Of persons: vitā probrosus, et opertus infamiā,Tac. A. 3, 68: feminae,Suet. Dom. 8: sordidissimus, et probrosissimus,Claud. Mamert. Grat. Act. ad Jul. 19. Of things: crimen,Cic. Font. 12, 37: o magna Carthago, probrosis Altior Italiae ruinis!Hor. C. 3, 5, 39: natura,Suet. Calig. 11: carmina,
probrum prŏbrum, i, n.cf. Gr. προφέρειν, to reproach; and opprobrium, a shameful or disgraceful act (class.; syn.: dedecus, flagitium). Lit. In gen.: qui, nisi probrum, omnia alia indelicta aestimant, Att. ap. Fest. p. 229 Müll.: flagitium probrumque magnum expergefacis,Plaut. Curc. 1, 3, 42: ignaviae luxuriaeque probra,Sall. J. 44, 5: emergere ex paternis probris ac vitiis,Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 69, § 162. In partic., unchaste or immodest conduct, lewdness, unchastity, adultery: Alcumenam insontem probri Amphitruo accusat,Plaut. Am. 3, 1, 9: exsequi,id. Truc. 2, 5, 8: vitii probrique plena,id. Mil. 2, 5, 13: probri insimulasti pudicissimam feminam,Cic. Phil. 2, 38, 99; Ov. M. 10, 695: probri suspicio,Suet. Caes. 43; cf.: aliquam habere cum summo probro,Ter. And. 5, 3, 10; Liv. 25, 3; Tac. A. 3, 56: probrum virginis Vestalis ut capite puniretur,Fest. p. 241 Müll.Transf., the disgrace arising from an infamous act, shame, reproach, disgrace, dishonor, infamy: ea tum compressa parit huic puerum, sibi probrum, Caecil. ap. Fest. p. 229 Müll.: nemo id probro ducet Alcumenae,Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 30: ego jam tua probra aperibo omnia,id. Truc. 4, 2, 50: in probro esse,Ter. Phorm. 5, 4, 6: quem (Curium) censores senatu probri gratiā moverant,Sall. C. 23, 1: vita rustica, quam tu probro et crimini putas esse oportere,
probrus probrus, a, um, adj.probrum, disgraceful, ignominious, infamous: animalia spurca atque probra,Gell. 9, 2, 9.
probus prŏbus, a, um, adj.Sanscr. prabhus, prominent, strong, from pra (v. pro) and bhu = fio, good, proper, serviceable, excellent, superior, able; esp. in a moral point of view, upright, honest, honorable, excellent, virtuous, etc. (class.). Of persons: frugi et probum esse,Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 53: probum patrem esse oportet, qui gnatum suom esse probiorem, quam ipsus fuerit, postulat,id. Ps. 1, 5, 23: cantores probos,
,id. Sest. 13, 68; cf.: Jugurthae obvius procedit,Sall. J. 21, 1: obviam,id. ib. 53, 5: procedat vel Numa,Juv. 3, 138. In partic., to issue from the mouth, to be uttered: sed interdum voces procedebant contumaces et inconsultae,Tac. A. 4, 60 init.; Vulg. 1 Cor. 14, 36. Of stars, etc., to rise, come into view: Ecce Dionaei processit Caesaris astrum,Verg. E. 9, 47: vesper,id. ib. 6, 86. Of the moon, to wax, increase, Pall. 7, 3. Of plants, to put forth, spring forth, grow (ante-class. and in post-Aug. prose): antequam radices longius procedere possint,Varr. R. R. 1, 23, 5: plerumque germen de cicatrice procedit,Col. 4, 22, 4: gemma sine dubio processura,Pall. 7, 5, 3; 8, 3, 1 et saep. Of place, to project, extend: ita ut in pedes binos fossa procedat,Plin. 17, 21, 35, § 159: Lydia super Ioniam procedit,id. 5, 29, 30, § 110: promuntorium, quod contra Peloponnesum procedit,id. 4, 2, 3, § 6; Cels. 8, 1.Trop. Of time, to advance, pass, elapse (class.): ubi plerumque noctis processit,Sall. J. 21, 2; Nep. Pel. 3, 3: jamque dies alterque dies processit,Verg. A. 3, 356: dies procedens,Cic. Tusc. 3, 22, 53: procedente tempore,
,Sall. J. 5, 2: Adherbal, ubi intellegit eo processum,id. ib. 21, 1; so, processit in id furoris,Vell. 2, 80, 2: eoque ira processit, ut, etc.,Liv. 9, 26, 2: ex infimā fortunā in ordinem senatorium, et ad summos honores,Suet. Rhet. 1, 10.To run on, continue, remain: et cum stationes procederent, prope obruentibus infirmum corpus armis,i. e.
guard duty returned so frequently as to seem continuous
,Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 22: si processit,Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 98, § 227: quod si consilia Andranodoro processissent,Liv. 24, 26, 5.To turn out favorably for, to result in favor of, to benefit, be of use to one: totidem dies emptori procedent,Cato, R. R. 148: benefacta mea reipublicae procedunt,Sall. J. 85, 5; Ov. H. 9, 109.To be effectual: venenum non processerat,Tac. A. 15, 60: medicina processit,Col. 6, 6, 4.To go or pass for, to be counted or reckoned as any thing (anteand post-class.): ut binae (oves) pro singulis procedant,
shall be reckoned as one
,Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 5; Dig. 5, 3, 32: quod ita procedit, si ea, cui donabatur, eum interposuit,ib. 24, 1, 11.To happen, take place, occur (ante-class.): numquid processit ad forum hodie novi?Plaut. Most. 4, 3, 7.To come or proceed from, to be derived from (post-class.): res, quae a sacratissimis imperatoribus procedunt,Cod. Just. 7, 37, 3. In part. pass.: in processā aetate,
proceleusmaticus prŏcĕleusmătĭcus, i, m., = προκελευσματικὸς (πούς), a metrical foot of four short syllables; as, ănĭmŭlă, mĭsĕrŭlă, Diom. 513 P.; cf. Mar. Victorin. p. 2546 P.
procella prŏcella, ae, f [pro and root kel; Gr. κέλης, runner; cf.: celer, celox], a violent wind (by which things are prostrated), a storm, hurricane, tempest (class.). Lit.: procella distat latitudine a vortice et a turbine disjectā nube verius quam ruptā,Plin. 2, 49, 50, § 133: turbinis inmanem vim provomit atque procellae,Lucr. 6, 447: imbres, nimbi, procellae, turbines,Cic. N. D. 3, 20, 51; Plaut. Trin. 4, 1, 17: creber procellis Africus,Verg. A. 1, 85: stridens Aquilone procella,id. ib. 1, 102: si mugiat Africis Malus procellis,Hor. C. 3, 29, 58; 2, 9, 3: praecipites,Ov. Tr. 4, 6, 35: navis quassata procellā,id. ib. 5, 5, 17: raperent mea poma procellae, id. Nux, 163: procella nivem effuderat,Curt. 3, 13, 7: imbrem excusserant procellae,id. 4, 7, 14: Thalle, turbidā rapacior procellā,Cat. 25, 4. With gen.: validi venti collecta procella,Lucr. 6, 124.Transf. (Mostly in plur.) A storm, tumult, violence, commotion, vehemence: tempestates et procellas in illis fluctibus concionum,Cic. Mil. 2, 5 (also cited ap. Quint. 8, 6, 48, and particularly mentioned as a figure, id. 8, 6, 48, § 7): vita tranquilla et quieta remota a procellis invidiarum,Cic. Clu. 56, 153: ut procellam temporis devitaret,Cic. Verr. 1, 3, 8: patriae,id. Dom. 53, 137: agitari tribuniciis procellis,Liv. 2, 1; cf.: seditionum procellae,id. 28, 25: procellae civiles,
procello prō-cello, ĕre, v. a.cf.: percello, procella, celer, to throw or cast down (anteclass.): procello, περιτρέπω, Gloss. Philox.: procellunt sese in mensam, i. e. lie down (at table), Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 167 Ritschl N. cr.; cf.: procellunt, procumbunt, Paul. ex Fest. p. 225 Müll.
procellose prŏcellōsē, adv., v. procellosus fin.
procellosus prŏcellōsus, a, um, adj.procella, full of storms, stormy, tempestuous, boisterous (perh. not ante - Aug.): ver procellosum,Liv. 40, 2: status caeli,Col. 9, 4, 1: mare,Val. Fl. 3, 621; cf. in the sup.: procellosissimum pelagus, Aug. Civ. Dei, 5, 22 fin.: Noti, stormy winds, i. e. which raise storms, Ov. H. 2, 12; id. Am. 2, 6, 44. Adv.: prŏcellōsē, boisterously (late Lat.): genus humanum procellose tumidum,Aug. Conf. 13, 20.
procer prŏcer, ĕris, in sing. only Juv. 8, 26, and Capitol. Max. 2; prŏcĕres, um (anteclass. collat. form prŏcus, i, in the gen. plur.: procum patricium in descriptione classium quam facit, Serv. Tullius, significat procerum,Fest. p. 249 Müll.; cf.: jam (ut censoriae tabulae loquuntur) fabrum et procum audeo dicere, non fabrorum et procorum,Cic. Or. 46, 156), m.pro and root kar- of creo; cf. procērus. Lit., a chief, noble; plur., the leading men, chiefs, nobles, princes (class.; syn.: primores, optimates, primi): scindunt proceres Pergamum, the Grecian chiefs, princes, * Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 130: audiebam nostros proceres clamitantes,Cic. Fam. 13, 15, 1: Latinorum,Liv. 1, 45, 2: Etruscorum,id. 2, 10: ego proceribus civitatis annumeror,Tac. A. 14, 53: Caecina Largus e proceribus,Plin. 17, 1, 1, § 5: delectos populi ad proceres,Verg. A. 3, 58: castrorum,Luc. 7, 69: in procerum coetu,id. 8, 261; Juv. 2, 121; 3, 213: proceres rerum,Sil. 11, 142. Transf., of bees: procerum seditio,Col. 9, 9, 6. In sing.: agnosco procerem,Juv. 8, 26: in pueritiā fuit pastor nonnumquam et procer,
proceritas prōcērĭtas, ātis, f.procerus, a high growth, height, tallness.Lit. (good prose): candor hujus te et proceritas, vultus oculique perpulerunt,
processio prōcessĭo, ōnis, f.procedo, a marching onwards, an advance; in sing.: a militibus nostris reditus magis maturus quam processio longior quaereretur,Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 24; so in plur., Veg. Mil. 2, 22; of the formal entrance of the consul upon his office,Cod. Just. 12, 3, 4; of the public appearance of the emperor,Capitol. Pertin. 11, 3.A religious procession (late Lat.), Sid. Ep. 5, 17.
processus prōcessus, a, um, Part., from procedo.
processus prōcessus, ūs, m.procedo, a going forwards, advance, course, progression, progress, process. In gen. (class.): processus dicendi,Cic. Brut. 65, 232: processum vult,
the progress of the discourse
,id. Or. 62, 210: in Graecis litteris magnum processum habere, Attei. Philol. ap. Suet. Gram. 10: sin in processu coepit crudescere morbus,
,Vulg. Ecclus. 20, 9. In partic. The ceremonious appearance of the consul on assuming office, Dig. 24, 1, 41.The public appearance of the emperor (opp. to recensus), Treb. Pol. Gall. 17, 3.An attack: rapidus turmarum,Amm. 19, 2, 6.Transf.A projection, process, Cels. 8, 1. Of time, a passing away, elapsing, lapse (post-class.): ternis dierum ac noctium processibus,Prud. Cath. 7, 121: temporis, Firm. 3, 4; Amm. 14, 1, 2; cf. id. 31, 16, 6; Cod. 31, 2, 3.
procestria procestrĭadicuntur, quo proceditur in muro. Aelius procestria aedificia dixit esse extra portam, Artorius procestria, quae sunt ante castra, Paul. ex Fest. p. 225, 12.
prochos prŏchos agrĭos, m., = πρόχος ἄγριος, a plant, perh. pure Lat. saxifraga, App. Herb. 97.
procidentia prōcĭdentĭa, ĭum, n., v. 1. procido fin.
procidentia prōcĭdentĭa, ae, f.1. procido, a falling down or forwards of a part of the body out of its place, a procidence, prolapse: ani,Cels. 6, 6, 8 fin.: vulvarum,Plin. 23, 9, 81, § 161: sedis,id. 26, 8, 58, § 90; cf. procido, P. a. Gram. t. t. = ἀντίπτωσις, the substitution of one case for another, Prisc. 1099 P.
procieo prō-cĭĕo, no perf., cĭtum, 2, v. a., to call forth, demand (post-class.): matrem procitum plurimi venerunt, Liv. Andron. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 225 Müll. (a transl. of the Homeric τόσσοι μητέρ’ ἐμὴν μνῶνται, Od. 1, 248). Procitum testamentum dicebatur velut procatum, provocatum, id est irritum ac ruptum, Paul. ex Fest. p. 225 Müll.
Procilla Procilla, ae, f., or Julia Procilla, the mother of Agricola, Tac. Agr. 1.
procinctualis prōcinctŭālis, e, adj.procinctus. of or belonging to the setting out of an army (late Lat.): ornatus,Cassiod. Var. 6, 22.
procinctus prōcinctus, a, um, Part., from procingo.
procinctus prōcinctus, ūs, m.procingo, prop. a girding up; hence, transf., milit. t. t., a being prepared or equipped for battle, readiness for action: procinctum, ὅταν εἰς πόλεμον συγκαλέσωνται, Gloss. Philox.: oratorem armatum semper ac velut in procinctu stantem,Quint. 12, 9, 21; cf. id. 10, 1, 2: neque in procinctu et castris habitos,Tac. H. 3, 2: in procinctu bellorum excubare,Plin. 6, 19, 22, § 66: testamentum facere in procinctu, to make one's will on the battle-field (one of the three ways of making a will), Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 228; id. N. D. 2, 3, 9; Gell. 15, 27, 2 sq.; Gai. Inst. 2, 101; Just. Inst. 2, 10. Prov.: in procinctu habere aliquid, to have a thing ready or at hand: severitatem abditam, clementiam in procinctu habeo,Sen. Clem. 1, 1, 4; cf.: nisi in procinctu paratamque ad omnes casus habuerit eloquentiam,Quint. 10, 1, 2. Transf., a military enterprise (late Lat.): et Lentiensibus indictum est bellum; ad quem procinctum imperator egressus,Amm. 15, 4, 1; 15, 9, 1. Esp., a battle, an engagement: procinctu omisso,Amm. 17, 9, 1; 27, 4, 1: post procinctus ancipites,id. 27, 4, 11: in procinctu versari,Dig. 37, 13, 1.
procingo prō-cingo, no perf., cinctus, 3, v. a., to gird up, to prepare, equip; only in part. perf.: prōcinctus, a, um, prepared for battle, ready for action, in fighting order: cum procinctae classes erant,Gell. 1, 11, 3: classis, i. e. an army ready to engage, an army, Lex ap. Fest. s. v. opima, p. 198, a Müll.; Fab. Pict. ap. Gell. 10, 15, 4; Just. Inst. 2, 10, 1.
procitant procĭtant, provocitant. Citare enim vocitare est: unde procet et procit et procat dicebant pro poscit, Paul. ex Fest. p. 225 Müll.: procitat, προκαλεῖται, Gloss. Philox.
procitare procitāre, saepe prolicere, id est producere, Paul. ex Fest. p. 226 (perh. more correctly, prolicitare).
procitum prōcĭtumtestamentum, v. procieo.
procitus prōcĭtus, a, um, Part., from procieo.
proclamatio proclāmātĭo, ōnis, f [proclamo]. In gen., a calling out, crying out, outcry (post-class.), Quint. Decl. 8, 21: trux,id. ib. 18, 16. In partic., an appeal to a judge to assert one's liberty, Dig. 40, 12, 25; 14; 34; 23.
proclamator proclāmātor, ōris, m.id., a crier, bawler, vociferator, said of a bad advocate: non enim causidicum nescio quem neque proclamatorem aut rabulam hoc sermone nostro conquirimus,Cic. de Or. 1, 46, 202 Orell. (dub.; B. & K. clamatorem, ex conj. Ellendt).
proclamo pro-clāmo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to call or cry out, to vociferate. In gen. (class.): assunt, defendunt, proclamant,Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 42, § 108: patre proclamante, se filiam jure caesam judicare,Liv. 1, 26: magnā proclamat voce Diores,Verg. A. 5, 345: quid non proclames, si, etc., Juv. 2, 75. In partic., in jurid. lang. To defend, to clamor in defence: proclamando pro sordidis hominibus,Liv. 22, 26, 2 (cf. proclamator). Proclamare ad or in libertatem, to assert one's liberty, to appeal to the judge to maintain one's liberty: ad libertatem,Dig. 40, 12, 42; 40, 13, 1; cf.: ad ingenuitatem,ib. 40, 14, 4: in libertatem,ib. 40, 12, 7; 40, 4, 59.
Procles Procles, is or i, m., = Προκλῆς, the twinbrother of Eurysthenes, king of the Lacedœmonians, Cic. Div. 2, 43, 90; Nep. Ages. 1, 2.
proclinatio prōclīnātĭo, ōnis, f.proclino, a bending or inclining forwards: in concreto, a slope, declivity (Vitruvian), Vitr. 5, 12, 4. In plur.: ne structurae habeant ullā in parte proclinationes,Vitr. 6, 11.
proclino prō-clīno, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to bend or incline forwards, to bend, incline (not in Cic.). Lit.: tum mare in haec magnus proclinet litora Nereus,Ov. Am. 2, 11, 39; Vitr. 2, 8, 20: curvatura montis proclinata ad mare,id. 2, 10, 1: proclinatum latus,id. 5, 12, 3.Trop., in part. pass., inclining or verging to a consummation, tottering to its fall: adjuvat rem proclinatam Convictolitanis,Caes. B. G. 7, 42, 2: proclinatā jam re, id. ap. Cic. Att. 10, 8, B, § 1.
proclive prōclīvē, adv., v. proclivis fin.
proclivis prōclīvis, e (ante- and post-class. and poet.; collat. form prōclīvus, a, um, Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 27; Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 7; Cat. 64, 270; Front. Strat. 2, 2, 2; v. Neue, Formenl. 2, p. 91), adj.proclivus, sloping, steep, going downwards or downhill.Lit. (rare; not in Cic. or Cæs.: solum,Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 7: per proclivem viam duci,Liv. 35, 30: omnia procliva sunt; facile descenditur,Sen. Apoc. 13. Subst.: prō-clīve, is (or prōclīvum, i), n., a slope, descent, declivity: pelli per proclive,
downhill
,
downwards
,Liv. 5, 43, 2: adjuvante proclivo impetum militum,Front. Strat. 2, 2, 2 (al. proclivio): in proclive detrudi, Auct. B. Alex. 76: per proclivia devolare,Col. 9, 5, 1. Of persons, going downwards or downhill (poet.), Claud. III. Cons. Honor. 178.Trop.Downwards, descending, downhill, declining (rare but class.): proclivi cursu et facili delabi,Cic. Rep. 1, 28, 44: jam proclivi senectute,
declining
,
drawing to a close
,App. Fl. 4, p. 361; cf.: Junius mensis est jam proclivus in Julium,Sen. Ep. 86, 16. Absol.: proclivi currit oratio,
flows precipitately
,Cic. Fin. 5, 28, 84; v. Madv. ad h. l.Inclined or disposed to a thing, liable, prone, subject; ready, willing (freq. and class.; mostly in a bad sense; cf. Cic. Tusc. 4, 12, 27, s. v. proclivitas; syn. propensus); constr. usually ad aliquid, more rarely with dat. or circa. With ad: ingenium Hominum proclive ad lubidinem,Ter. And. 1, 1, 50: ad aliquem morbum proclivior,Cic. Tusc. 4, 37, 81: ergo et invidi et malevoli...quia proclives ad eas perturbationes,id. ib. 4, 12, 28: amicitia debet esse ad omnem comitatem facilitatemque proclivior,id. Lael. 18, 66. With dat. (poet.): sceleri proclivis egestas,Sil. 13, 585. With circa (post-Aug.): eritque judex circa modestiam juris probatione proclivior,Quint. 4, 5, 21.Steep, unsafe, untrustworthy; and hence, obscure, unintelligible: fecisti modo mi ex proclivo planum,
you make it plain
,Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 28: faciam hanc rem planam ex proclivā tibi,id. Rud. 4, 4, 90: nam iste proclive'st quod jubes me plane conlocare,id. As. 3, 3, 73.Transf., easy to be done: proclivia anteponuntur laboriosis,Cic. Top. 18, 69: illa facilia, proclivia, jucunda,id. Part. 27, 95: ut fingendi proclivis esset ratio,id. Rep. 2, 10, 17: proclivus impetus,Lucr. 6, 728: cum proclivior faciliorque jactus sit ex supernis in infima,Gell. 9, 1, 2: dictu quidem est proclive,
,Sall. Or. ad Caes. 2, 8; v. planum. Hence, adv., in two forms, prōclīvē and prō-clīvĭter (cf. Gell. 10, 24; Macr. S. 1, 4). Downwards: proclive labuntur,
rush downwards
,Cic. Tusc. 4, 18, 42 Kühn. and Moser N. cr. (B. and K. proclivi); Lucr. 2, 455 Lachm.; cf. sublime ferri, under sublimis. Comp.: labi verba proclivius,i. e.
proclivitas prōclīvĭtas, ātis, f.proclivis. A steep descent, declivity (post-class.): parvulam proclivitatem digressus, Auct. B. Afr. 37.A tendency, disposition, proneness, propensity, proclivity (class.): ad morbos proclivitas...proclivitas ad suum quodque genus, ad aegrotandum proclivitas. Sed haec in bonis rebus facilitas nominetur, in malis proclivitas, ut significet lapsionem,Cic. Tusc. 4, 12, 27 and 28.
procliviter prōclīvĭter, adv., v. proclivis fin.
proclivium prōclīvĭum, ii, a false read. for proclivo, Front. Strat. 2, 2, 2; v. proclivis.
proclivus prōclīvus, a, um, v. proclivis init.
procludo prō-clūdo, ĕre, 3, v. a., to shut up (post-class.), Pall. 3, 26 (al. praecludat).
Procne Procnē, ēs, v. Progne.
proco prŏco, āre, v. a., and prŏcor, āri, v. dep.cf. precor, to ask, demand (very rare): parere mea vos majestas procat, Liv. And. ap. Non. 24, 7: a procando, id est poscendo, procacitas nominata est,Cic. Rep. 4, 6, 6 (ap. Non. 24, 3): procare, poscere, unde procaces meretrices ab assidue poscendo, et proci uxorem poscentes in matrimonium, Paul. ex Fest. p. 224 Müll.: poscere procare dictum,Varr. L. L. 7, § 80 ib.: perit, inquit, procari, si latet,Sen. Q. N. 4, praef. 5.
procoeton prŏcoeton, ōnis, m., = προκοιτών, an anteroom, antechamber (post-Aug.), Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 10 and 23 (in Varr. R. R. 2, prooem. § 2, written as Greek).
procomion procŏmĭon, ĭi, n., = προκόμιον, the hair on the front part of the head, the front hair (pure Lat. antiae), Veg. Vet. 3, 11, 4 Schneid. N. cr. (al. protocomia).
proconsul prō-consul (also separately, prō consŭle; v. pro, II. B. 2.; and abbreviated, procos.), is, m.One who at the close of his consulship in Rome became governor of a province, or military commander under a governor; a proconsul, Cic. Div. 2, 36, 76: Domitium proconsulem arcessivit, Sall. Fragm. ap. Prisc. p. 902 P.: agendas pro praetoribus, prove consulibus grates,Tac. A. 15, 22: L. Manilius Procos.,Caes. B. G. 3, 20.Transf., of an ex-prœtor made governor of a province: (Gellius) cum pro consule ex praeturā in Graeciam venisset,Cic. Leg. 1, 20, 53; Liv. 37, 46. = propraetor, Liv. 39, 29, 4 Weissenb. ad loc.; 33, 25, 9; 35, 22, 6 al. Under the emperors, who shared the provinces with the Senate, a governor in one of the provinces of the Senate, Suet. Aug. 47; Gai. Inst. 4, 139. Of municipal officers, Vulg. Act. 19, 38.
proconsularis prōconsŭlāris, e, adj.proconsul, of or belonging to a proconsul, proconsular (not in Cic. or Cæs.): proconsularis vir,i.e.
procrastinatio prōcrastĭnātĭo, ōnis, f.procrastino, a putting off to the morrow or from day to day, procrastination: tarditas et procrastinatio,Cic. Phil. 6, 3, 7.
procrastino prōcrastĭno, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.pro crastinus, to put off till the morrow, hence, in gen., to put off, defer, delay, procrastinate (class.; cf. differo): rem differre cotidie ac procrastinare,Cic. Rosc. Am. 9, 26; Front. Ep. ad Amic. 2, 6 med. Mai. In pass.: res non procrastinatur,Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 45, § 100: quae procrastinata sunt ab eo,Gell. 17, 10, 6.
procreabilis prōcrĕābĭlis, e, adj.procreo, of or belonging to generation (late Lat.): sacramentum,Cassiod. Var. 2, 10.
procreatio prōcrĕātĭo, ōnis, f.id., a begetting, generation, procreation (class.): procreatio liberorum,Cic. Tusc. 1, 14, 31: hominum procreationes,id. Div. 2, 46, 96.Transf., that which is begotten, Vitr. 2, 9, 1.
procreator prōcrĕātor, ōris, m.id., a begetter, producer, creator (class.): ille procreator mundi deus,
procreatrix prōcrĕātrix, Icis, f.procreator, she that brings forth, a mother (class.): philosophia artium procreatrix quaedam et quasi parens,Cic. de Or. 1, 3, 9; Auct. Pervig. Ven. 64.
procreo prō-crĕo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to bring forth, beget, generate, procreate, produce (class.). Lit.: procreare liberos lepidum est onus,Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 88: multiplices fetus,Cic. N. D. 2, 5, 128: de matrefamilias duo filios,id. Rep. 2, 19, 34: liberos ex tribus uxoribus,Nep. Reg. 2, 3: hoc solum, in quo tu ortus et procreatus es,Cic. Leg. 2, 2, 4; id. Fin. 3, 19, 62; Plin. Pan. 26, 6: natura hinc sensus animantum procreat omnes,Lucr. 2, 880: terra ex minutissimis seminibus tantos truncos ramosque procreat,Cic. Sen. 15, 52.Trop., to produce, make, cause, occasion (class.): usum,Lucr. 4, 835: tribunatus, cujus primum ortum inter arma civium procreatum videmus,Cic. Leg. 3, 8, 19: vetus verbum est: Leges bonae ex malis moribus procreantur,Macr. S. 2, 13.
procresco prō-cresco, ĕre, 3, v. inch. n.To grow forth, spring up, arise, proceed (ante- and post-class.): quattuor ex rebus posse omnia procrescere,Lucr. 1, 715.Trop.: vis morbi procrescit,Lucr. 6, 664.To continue to grow, to grow up, grow larger, increase. * Lit.: res progigni et genitas procrescere posse,Lucr. 2, 566.Trop.: qui (amor) si officiorum ratione coleretur, non ultra myrtos laurusque procresceret,Front. Ep. ad M. Caes. 1, 2 Mai.
Procris Procris, is and ĭdis, f., = Πρόκρις, a daughter of the Athenian king Erechtheus, wife of Cephalus, who shot her in a wood, mistaking her for a wild beast, Ov. M. 7, 707 sq., and 795 sq.; id. A. A. 3, 727; acc. Procrim, Verg. A. 6, 445.
Procrustes Prŏcrustes, ae, m., = Προκρούστης, a noted highwayman in Attica. He had a bed upon which he compelled travellers to lie down; when they were longer than the bed he cut off as much of their limbs as would suffice to make the length equal; and when they were shorter he stretched them out to its length. He was slain by Theseus: vidit et immitem Cephisias ora Procrusten,Ov. M. 7, 438: torvus,id. H. 2, 69; Sen. Clem. 2, 4, 1; cf. Hyg. Fab. 38.
procubitores prōcŭbĭtōresdicuntur fere velites, qui noctu custodiae causā ante castra excubant, cum castra hostium in propinquo sunt, ut M. Cato in eo, quem de re militari scripsit, the night-watch, Fest. p. 253 Müll.
procubo prō-cŭbo, āre, 1, v. n., to lie stretched out, to lie along (poet.): ubi saxea procubet umbra,Verg. G. 3, 145: procubat horrendus Getico Gradivus in Haemo, Claud. Consol. Prob. et Olyb. 119.
procudo prō-cūdo, di, sum, 3, v. a., to fashion or make by hammering, to forge a thing. Lit. (poet.): in acuta et tenuia posse Mucronum duci fastigia procudendo,Lucr. 5, 1265: enses, Hor C. 4, 15, 19: vomeris obtusi dentem,Verg. G. 1, 261.Transf., in gen., to bring forth, produce: ignem,Lucr. 2, 1115: prolem propagando,id. 5, 856.Trop., to form, cultirate (rare but class.): legendo et scribendo vitam procudito, Varr. ap. Non. 156, 28: non solum acuenda nobis, neque procudenda lingua est, sed, etc.,Cic. de Or. 3, 30, 121: ingenium,Amm. 15, 2, 8.Transf., in gen., to forge, contrive, bring forth, produce (ante-class.): haec mihi incus est; procudam ego hinc hodie multos dolos, to forge artifices, Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 20: voluptatem,Lucr. 3, 1081.
procul prŏcul, adv.procello, to drive away, in the distance, at a distance, a great way off, far, afar off, from afar.Lit., of place (class.; cf.: longe, eminus); constr. absol.; with adv. of place; with ab and abl. (not in Cic., Cæs., or Sall.); with abl. alone: cuja vox sonat procul?Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 18: sequi procul,id. Poen. 3, 3, 6: non jam procul, sed hic praesentes sua templa dii defendunt,Cic. Cat. 2, 13. 29: ubi turrim constitui procul viderunt,Caes. B. G. 2, 30: jubet, ut procul tela coniciant, neu propius accedant,id. ib. 5, 34: procul attendere,Cic. de Or. 2, 36, 153: procul e fluctu Trinacria,Verg. A. 3, 554: est procul in pelago saxum,id. ib. 5, 124: procul et e longinquo,Plin. 27, 3, 2, § 9: omnibus arbitris procul amotis,Sall. C. 20, 1: procul o, procul este, profani,
keep aloof!
Verg. A. 6, 258: cui procul astanti, Pettalus irridens dixit,Ov. M. 5, 114; cf.: adstans non procul,App. M. 7, p. 183, 14. With other particles of place, as hinc, inde, alicunde, longe, etc.: procul hinc stans,
,Sall. J. 85, 38: pauperies immunda domus procul absit, i.e. pauperies domestica procul absit,Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 199: durabisne procul dominoque legere superstes, Thebai?Stat. Th. 12, 810: non procul est quin, it does not want much of, etc., almost, nearly, Sil. 2, 335: haud procul est quin Romam agnosceret,Liv. 1, 5, 6. In partic. (post-Aug. and very rare), in estimation of value, far removed from, much inferior to: aes suo colore pretiosum, procul a Corinthio (est), is far beneath or inferior to, much poorer than, Plin. 34, 2, 3, § 8.
Procula Prŏcŭla, ae, f., name of a Roman woman, Juv 2, 68; 3, 203.
proculcatio prōculcātĭo, ōnis, f.proculco, a treading down (post-Aug.). Lit.: obturbata proculcatione aqua,Plin. 8, 18, 26, § 68.Trop.: ruina et proculcatio,Sen. Tranq. 11, 8.
proculcator prōculcātor, ōris, m.id., one who treads down obstacles; hence, in plur.: proculcatores, advanced troops, scouts (post-class.), Amm. 27, 10, 10 (al. procursatores).
proculcatus prōculcātus, a, um, Part. and P. a., from proculco.
proculiunt proculĭunt, promittunt, ait significare Antistius de jure pontificali L. VIIII., Fest. p. 253 Müll.
Proculus Prŏcŭlus, i, m., a Roman surname: Proculum inter cognomina eum dicunt, qui natus est patre peregrinante a patriā procul. Proculos sunt qui credant ideo dictos, quia patribus senibus quasi procul progressā aetate nati sunt, Paul. ex Fest. p. 225 Müll. Esp., Proculus, a Roman senator, to whom Romulus is said to have imparted his desire to be worshipped as Quirinus, Cic. Rep. 2, 10, 20; id. Leg. 1, 1, 3; Liv 1, 16.A celebrated Roman jurist, whose disciples are calledPrŏcŭ-lĭāni or Prŏcŭleiāni, Dig. 37, 14, 17; 1, 2, 2, § 53.
procumbo prō-cumbo, cŭbŭi, cŭbĭtum, 3, v. n.Lit., to fall forwards, fall or sink down, to prostrate one's self; of the wounded, the dying, suppliants, etc. (class.; cf.; cado, ruo): procumbunt Gallis omnibus ad pedes Bituriges, ne pulcherrimam urbem succendere cogerentur,Caes. B. G. 7, 15: genibus, Ov M. 13, 585: ad genua alicujus, Liv 25, 7: ad pedes alicujus,Gell. 10, 15, 10: ante pedes,Ov. M. 10, 415; Petr. 30: templis,Tib. 1, 5, 41 (1, 2, 83): qui vulneribus confecti procubuissent,Caes. B. G. 2, 27; so, in genua,Curt. 9, 5, 13: Coroebus Penelei dextrā Procumbit,Verg. A. 2, 424. With dat. (post-Aug.): sibi tres legiones procubuisse,
had yielded
,Tac. A. 1, 59: veteranae cohortes, quibus nuper Othonis legiones procubuerint,id. H. 4, 17. Poet., to fall upon, attack, Mart. 1, 60, 3. To lean or bend forwards: olli certamine summo Procumbunt,i.e.
they bend to their oars
,Verg. A. 5, 197.Transf., of inanimate subjects, to lean forwards, bend down, sink, to be beaten or broken down (class.): tigna prona ac fastigiata, ut secundum naturam fluminis procumberent,Caes. B. G. 4, 17: frumenta imbribus procubuerant,i.e.
were beaten down
,id. ib. 6, 43: ne gravidis procumbat culmus aristis,Verg. G. 1, 111: ulmus in aram ipsam procumbebat,Plin. 16, 32, 57, § 132. Of buildings: (domus) in domini procubuit caput,Ov. P. 1, 9, 14: tecta super habitantes,Quint. 2, 16, 6; Plin. Pan. 50, 3; Ov. M. 13, 176.To be upset, break down; of a vehicle: nam si procubuit qui saxa Ligustica portat Axis, Juv 3, 257.Trop., to fall or sink down (poet. and post-Aug.): procumbere in voluptates, to sink into sensuality, Sen. Ep. 18, 2: procumbentem rem publicam restituere,
procupido prō-cŭpīdo, ĭnis, f., a previous desire (post-class.): amoris, i. e. anteceptus amor,Min. Fel. Octav. 26.
procuratio prōcūrātĭo, ōnis, f.procuro. In gen. A caring for, taking care of, having the charge of a thing; a charge, superintendence, administration, management, procuration (class.): dum me rei publicae non solum cura, sed quaedam etiam procuratio multis officiis implicatum et constrictum tenebat,Cic. Ac. 1, 3, 11: dum necesse erat, unus omnia poterat: qui, postea quam magistratus creavit, sua cuique procuratio auctoritasque est restituta,id. Rosc. Am. 48, 139: procuratio templi,Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 2: mearum rerum existimationisque meae,Cic. Fam. 15, 13, 3: rerum humanarum,id. N. D. 1, 1, 3: ministerii,Liv. 4, 8: annonae,Cic. Att. 4, 1, 6: male gesta,Quint. 7, 4, 35. In plur.: ad amplissimas procurationes promotus,
charges
,
offices
,Plin. Ep. 7, 31, 3.An effort, aim, seeking for any thing (post-class.): quia benignitas eum per sese ipsa delectet, sine ullā recipiendae gratiae procuratione,Gell. 17, 5, 4. In partic., of religious acts, an averting or expiating of an evil omen or crime by offering the proper sacrifices, an expiatory sacrifice, expiation (class.): cum terrae motus factus esset, ut sue plena procuratio fieret,Cic. Div. 1, 45, 101: prodigii,Liv. 7, 6: procurationes incesti,Tac. A. 12, 8.
procuratiuncula prōcūrātĭuncŭla, ae, f.dim.procuratio, a small charge or administration (post-Aug.), Sen. Ep. 31, 8.
procurator prōcūrātor (the first o short, Ov. A. A. 1, 587), ōris, m.procuro, a manager, overseer, superintendent, agent, administrator, deputy, procurator, keeper. In gen. (class.): procurator peni,Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 14: procurator, alieni juris vicarius,Cic. Caecin. 20, 57: agere aliquid per procuratorem,id. Att. 4, 16, 9 (15): regni,
procuratorius prōcūrātōrĭus, a, um, adj.procurator, belonging to an agent or manager, procuratory (post-class.): nomen,Dig. 3, 3, 31; 34: exceptio,ib. 3, 3, 62.
procuratrix prōcūrātrix, īcis, f.id., a governess, protectress: sed cum sapientiam totius hominis custodem et procuratricem esse vellent,Cic. Fin. 4, 7, 17.
procuro prō-cūro (the first o scanned short, Tib. 1, 5, 13; Ov. A. A. 1, 587), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. and n., to take care of, attend to, look after any thing. In gen. (class.; syn.: curam gero). Act.: nunc tu te interim, quasi pro puerperā, hic procuras,Plaut. Truc. 2, 4, 59: pueros,id. Poen. prol. 28; cf.: nunc puero utere et procura,id. Truc. 4, 4, 25: hic sunt trecenti nummi ... hinc me procura,id. Poen. 3, 4, 5: corpora,Verg. A. 9, 158: sacrificia,Caes. B. G. 6, 13: sacra,Nep. Them. 2, 8: arbores,Cato, R. R. 43: semina,Pall. 7, 9: plantas,id. 12, 7, 11.Neutr., with dat., to look after, care for (ante- and post-class.): bene procuras mihi,Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 37: victui potuique,Arn. 3, 115. In partic., to take care of, to manage one's affairs (class.). Act.: procurat negotia Dionysii,Cic. Fam. 12, 24, 3: hereditatem,id. Att. 6, 9, 2. Hence, of religious acts, to avert or expiate (evil omens) by sacrifice (cf.: expio, lustro): monstra,Cic. Div. 1, 2, 3: procurare atque expiare signa, quae a diis hominibus portenduntur,id. ib. 2, 63, 130; Liv. 1, 21; 5, 18; 27, 37: ostentum,Phaedr. 3, 3, 16: fulgur,Suet. Galb. 4: sacrificio ostentorum ac fulgurum denuntiationes procurantur,Val. Max. 1, 1, 1.Neutr., to hold a charge or administration, to be procurator: cum procuraret in Hispaniā,Plin. Ep. 3, 5, 17: procurante Pontio Pilato Judaeam,Vulg. Luc. 3, 1; Dig. 29, 2, 86. With dat. of person (post-class.): procurare patri,
to act as agent for
,Dig. 32, 1, 34, § 1; 27, 1, 44. With dat. of thing: operibus publicis,Dig. 43, 8, 2. Of religious acts, to make expiation or atonement: VT CONSVL HOSTIIS MAIORIBVS IOVI ET MARTI PROCVRARET, S. C. ap. Gell. 4, 6, 2. With ne: ipse procuravi, ne possent saeva nocere Somnia, ter sancta deveneranda mola,Tib. 1, 5, 13. Impers. pass.: simul procuratum est, quod tripedem mulum Reate natum nuntiatum erat,Liv. 40, 2.
procurro prō-curro, cŭcurri and curri, cursum, 3, v. n., to run forth, rush forwards.Lit. (class.), freq. of armies: si Romani ferocius procucurrissent,Liv. 25, 11: infestis pilis,Caes. B. C. 3, 93: in proximum tumulum,id. B. G. 6 39: ad repellendum, et prosequendum hostem,id. B. C. 2, 8: longius,
to rush farther on
,Verg. A. 9, 690: adversos telum contorsit in hostes Procurrens,id. ib. 12, 267. Of animals: qui et procurrentem (bovem) retrahat et cunctantem producat,Col. 6, 2, 9; 7, 3, 26.Transf. Of locality, to run or jut out, to extend, project (poet. and in post-Aug. prose): infelix saxis in procurrentibus haesit,Verg. A. 5, 204: terra procurrit in aequor,Ov. F. 4, 419: mons procurrit in occidentem,Col. 6, 27, 7: procurrens per medium Euxinum promontorium,Plin. 4, 12, 26, § 86: Clupea procurrit a Punico litore,Flor. 2, 2, 19; Curt. 5, 4, 5; Plin. Ep. 6, 20, 11. Of plants, to extend: radix in longitudinem procurrens,Plin. 18, 13, 34, § 130. Of money, to increase: in ipso procurrentis pecuniae impetu raptus,Sen. Ep. 101, 4. * Trop., to go on, advance: ut productus studio, ultra facile procurras,
that you may advance beyond it
,Auct. Her. 4, 47, 60.
procursatio prōcursātĭo, ōnis, f.procurso, in milit. lang., a charge, sally, onset (only in Livy): ubi a velitibus per procursationem commissa pugna esset,Liv. 28, 33: Numidarum,id. 22, 44.
procursator prō-cursātor, ōris, m.id., a forerunner; in military lang., procursatores, skirmishers, sharp-shooters (very rare; not ante-Aug.),Liv. 42, 64, 6.
procursio prōcursĭo, ōnis, f.procurro, a running forward, stepping forth. * Lit., of an orator: procursio opportuna, brevis, moderata, rara,Quint. 11, 3, 126.Trop., a digression: necessaria post narrationem,Quint. 4, 3, 9.
procurso prōcurso, āre, v. freq. n. [id.], to run forth, to sally out, make attacks or onsets. Of skirmishers: cum ab stationibus procursaretur,Liv. 27, 2; Plin. 8, 5, 5, § 15; Amm. 27, 10, 9.Transf., to advance: in pulcra facinora,Amm. 27, 6, 9.
procursorius prōcursōrĭus, a, um, adj.id., that runs forth or before (late Lat.): index,Amm. 31, 3, 6 (al. praecursorius).
procursus prōcursus, ūs, m.id.. Lit., a running forth or forwards; esp., in milit. lang., a sallying forth, charge, onset (not in Cic. or Cæs.): procursu militum,Liv. 22, 41: faciles sternit procursibus herbas,Stat. Th. 4, 787; Lucr. 2, 455.Transf., a jutting out, projection (post-Aug.): angulosus,Plin. 5, 10, 11, § 62.Trop. (postclass.): initia procursusque virtutis patefacere,
procurvo prō-curvo, āre, 1, v. a., to bend or curve forwards (poet.): aliquem,Stat. Th. 6, 852: pomiferique simul procurvant bracchia rami, Auct. Carm. de Genesi, 14.
procurvus prō-curvus, a, um, adj., curred forwards, crooked, winding (poet.): falx,Verg. G. 2, 421: litora,id. A. 5, 765.
procus prŏcus, i, v. procer init.
procus prŏcus, i (gen. plur. procūm, Cic. Or. 46, 156), m.A wooer, suitor: proci dicuntur, qui poscunt aliquam in matrimonium, Graece μνηστῆρες. Est enim procare poscere, etc., Fest. p. 249 Müll.: me natam nulli veterum sociare procorum Fas erat,Verg. A. 12, 27: Penelope difficilis procis,Hor. C. 3, 10, 11: apotheca procis intacta est,id. S. 2, 5, 7; 78; Ov. M. 4, 794; 9, 10; 14, 670: proci loripedes, said of slow people,Plaut. Poen. 3, 1, 7.Trop., of canvassers, a suitor: impudentes proci,Cic. Brut. 96, 330.
prodeambulo prō-dĕambŭlo, āre, v. n., to walk abroad, take a walk, Ter. Ad. 5, 1, 4.
prodeo prōdĕo, ĭi, ĭtum, īre (lengthened anteclass. form, prodinunt, for prodeunt, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 229 Müll.; post-class., prodient, for prodibunt,Lact. 7, 16 fin.), v. n.pro-eo, to go or come forth (class.; cf.: proficiscor, progredior). Lit.: prodinunt famuli, Enn. l. l.: prodi atque ostium aperi,Plaut. Aul. 2, 6, 1: foras,
prodicius prōdīcĭus or -tĭus, a, um, adj.prodo, treacherous (eccl. Lat.), Tert. ad Nat. 1, 7.
Prodicius Prŏdĭcĭus, a, um, adj., v. Prodicus, II.
prodico prō-dīco, xi, ctum, 3, v. a.To say beforehand, to fix or appoint beforehand (very rare): prodictā die,Cic. Dom. 17, 45 (dub.).To put off, defer (not in Cic. or Cæs.): diem prodicere,
prodictator prō-dictātor, ōris, m., a vice-dictator (only in Livy): prodictatorem populus creavit Q. Fabium Maximum,Liv. 22, 8, 6; instead of which: pro dictatore,id. 22, 31 fin.
prodictio prōdictĭo, ōnis, f.prodico, II., a deferring, adjournment, Fest. p. 253, b fin. Müll.
prodictus prōdictus, a, um, Part., from prodico.
Prodicus Prŏdĭcus, i, m., = Πρόδικος, a Grecian sophist of Ceos, contemporary with Socrates, author of the story of The Choice of Hercules, Cic. Brut. 8, 30; id. de Or. 3, 32, 128; Quint. 3, 1, 12. Hence, Prŏdĭcĭus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Prodicus: Prodicius Hercules,Cic. Off. 1, 32, 118.
prodigium prōdĭgĭum, ii (gen. plur. prodigiūm, Pac. ap. Cic. Or. 46, 155), n.for prodicium, from prodico. Lit., a prophetic sign, token, omen, portent, prodigy, in a good and (more freq.) in a bad sense (syn.: portentum, ostentum, monstrum): mittere, Att. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 26, 68: multa prodigia vim ejus numenque declarant,Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 49, § 107: (lunam deficientem) nullum esse prodigium,id. Rep. 1, 15; Verg. A. 5, 639: laetum,Plin. 11, 37, 77, § 197: P. Clodius fatale portentum prodigiumque rei publicae,Cic. Pis. 4, 9: (Catilina) monstrum atque prodigium,id. Cat. 2, 1, 1: non mihi jam furtum, sed monstrum ac prodigium videbatur,i. e.
prodigo prōdĭgo, ēgi, actum, 3, v. a.pro-ago, to drive forth, to drive to a place. Lit. (ante-class.): sues in lutosos limites,Varr. R. R. 2, 4: in pabulum,id. ib. 2, 7med.: pulli prodigendi in solem,id. ib. 3, 9med.Transf., to get rid of. In a good sense, to use up, consume (post-class.): esculentum potulentumve,Dig. 1, 18, 18. In a bad sense, to squander, to lavish, waste, dissipate (not in Cic. or Cæs.; cf.: effundo, profundo, consumo): festo die si quid prodegeris,Plaut. Aul. 2, 8, 10: suom,id. Merc. 5, 4, 60: aliena bona, Sall. Or. Lepidi contra Sull.: opes, Suet. ner. 30: sua,Tac. H. 1, 20: illi prodigere vitam pro victoriā contendentes,Amm. 16, 12, 50: singulos artus suos fortunae prodigendos dare quaestu atque compendio gloriarum,Gell. 2, 27, 5.
prodiguae prōdĭgŭae, hostiae vocantur, ut ait Veranius, quae consumuntur: unde homines quoque luxuriosi prodigi,Fest. p. 250 Müll. [prodigo].
prodigus prōdĭgus, a, um, adj.prodigo, wasteful, lavish, prodigal.Lit. (class.; syn.: largus, munificus): omnino duo sunt genera largorum, quorum alteri prodigi, alteri liberales. Prodigi, qui epulis et viscerationibus et gladiatorum muneribus, ludorum venationumque apparatu, pecunias profundunt in eas res, quarum memoriam aut levem aut nullam omnino sint relicturi,Cic. Off. 2, 16, 55: femina,Juv. 6, 362. With gen.: peculii sui prodigus,Plaut. Most. 4, 1, 19: aeris,Hor. A. P. 164; Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 500. As subst.: prōdĭgus, i, m., a wasteful person, a spendthrift, prodigal: largitor et prodigus,Cic. Cat. 4, 5, 10: lege XII. tabularum prodigo interdicitur bonorum suorum administratio,Dig. 27, 10, 1 prooem.; Ulp. Reg. 12, 3; Gai. Inst. 1, 53 fin.: prodigus ad bonos mores reversus,Paul. Sent. 3, 4, a, 12.Transf.Causing great expense, costly, expensive (post-Aug.): margaritae, prodiga res,Plin. 37, 2, 6, § 15.Rich, abounding in any thing (poet.); with gen.: locus prodigus herbae,Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 42. Absol.: tellus,
,Aus. Idyll. 10, 104.Trop., lavish, prodigal, profuse; with gen.: prodigus suae alienaeque et fortunae et pudicitiae,Vell. 2, 48, 3: arcanique Fides prodiga,Hor. C. 1, 18, 16: judicii sui,Gell. 11, 5, 4: animaeque magnae Prodigum Paulum,
careless of life
,Hor. C. 1, 12, 38; cf.: prodiga gens animae,Sil. 1, 225. With in and acc.: libidines in cibos atque in Venerem prodigae,Gell. 19, 2, 3: sed finem impensae non servat prodiga Roma,Juv. 7, 138: prodiga corruptoris Improbitas,id. 10, 304: prodigis oculis intueri, with greedy eyes, with voluptuous glances, Auct. Quint. Decl. 292. Hence, adv.: prōdĭgē, lavishly, extravagantly, prodigally (class.): prodige vivere,Cic. Phil. 11, 6, 13: uti aliquā re,Sen. Ep. 88, 30.
prodinunt prōdinunt, v. prodeo init.
proditio prōdĭtĭo, ōnis, f.prodo. A discovering, betraying; a discovery, betrayal, treason, treachery (class.): multorum in nos perfidiam, insidias, proditionem notabis,Cic. Fam. 5, 12, 4: amicitiarum proditiones,id. Ac. 2, 9, 27: arcanorum,Plin. 7, 45, 46, § 150: id nefas proditione discussum est,Flor. 3, 18, 9: timor est proditio cogitationis auxiliorum,Vulg. Sap. 17, 11. A putting off, deferring; the right of deferring (ante-class.), Cato ap. Fest. s. v. prodidisse, p. 242 Müll.
proditio prōdĭtĭo, ōnis, f.prodeo, a going or coming forth, an appearance (post-class.), Sid. Ep. 5, 13. Esp., a sally by a besieged garrison: tempestiva,Amm. 15, 5, 33.
proditor prōdĭtor, ōris, m.prodo, a betrayer, traitor (class.): cum senatus duces nullos ac pro ducibus proditores haberet,Cic. Sest. 15, 35: proditor patriae,id. Fin. 3, 19, 64; id. Fam. 12, 3, 2: disciplinae,Liv. 2, 59. Poet., transf.: risus proditor latentis puellae,
,Liv. 1, 11, 7. In partic. To bring forth, bear, produce (poet.): parvā prodite patriā, Att. ap. App. de Deo Socr. p. 55: quae tam festa dies ut cesset prodere furem, Perfidiam, fraudes,Juv. 13, 23.To put forth in writing, i. e. to publish, make known, relate, report, record: cum decretum proditur, lex veri rectique proditur,Cic. Ac. 2, 9, 27: Procilius non idem prodidit, quod Piso,Varr. L. L. 5, § 148: ea, quae scriptores Graeciae prodiderunt,Cic. Tusc. 1, 13, 29: haec monumenta nobis litterae prodiderunt,id. Planc. 39, 94: Thucydides ossa ejus clam ab amicis esse sepulta, memoriae prodidit, has handed down to memory, i. e. has recorded, Nep. Them. 10, 5: hujus bella gesta multi memoriae prodiderunt,id. Hann. 13, 3: ut produnt,
prodoceo prō-dŏcĕo, ēre, v. a., to teach before, i. e. to show by teaching, to inculcate (= docere altā voce et palam): haec Janus summus ab imo Prodocet,Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 55 (perh. imitation of the Greek προδιδάσκειν).
prodormio prō-dormĭo, īvi or ĭi, 4, v. n., to sleep before (post - Aug.): sive prodormias, sive pervigiles,Front. Ep. ad M. Caes. 1, 4 Mai; so id. ib. 4, 6; 5, 22.
producibilis prōdūcĭbĭlis, e, adj., which lengthens out (late Lat.): incus,Hier. Interpr. Orig. in Jer. Hom. 3, 1.
produco prō-dūco, xi, ctum, 3 (produxe, for produxisse, Ter Ad. 4, 2, 22), v. a., to lead or bring forth, to lead forward or out.Lit. (class.): fidicinam intus,Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 40: aliquem foras ante aedes,id. Capt. 2, 2, 2: aliquem e latebris,Petr. 126: castris omnem exercitum,Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 62: copias pro castris,Caes. B. G. 1, 48. Esp. To bring before the people, senate, or a court: aliquem in conspectum populi Romani,Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 47, § 122: quempiam in contionem,id. Pis. 6, 14: cum tribunis plebis Curionem et Octavium consules produxisset, id. Brut. 60, 217; Liv. 27, 7, 4: harum rerum omnium auctores testesque,Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 50, § 131: productus pro rostris,
to give evidence
,Suet. Jul. 20 fin.: producti in circo Flaminio in contionem,Cic. Sest. 14, 33: in judicium,
,Col. 6, 2, 9.To bring to light, disclose, expose: occulta ad patres produxit crimina servus,Juv. 8, 266. In partic. To bring forth, bring into the world, to bear or beget: ego is sum qui te produxi pater,Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 129: liberos,id. Capt. 3, 5, 105; Lucil. ap. Non. 373, 2: magnanimos nos natura produxit,Sen. Ep. 104, 23: quam te Thersitae similem producat Achilles,Juv. 8, 271. Of other subjects, to produce, make (postAug.): cibis utendum est carnem producentibus,Cels. 8, 7, 7: cum folia producere incipiunt fici,Pall. 4, 10, 30. = adduco in indicium, to bring forth to trial, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 12, § 32 (Zumpt); Quint. 11, 3, 174.To make to grow, to advance, promote (poet.): subolem. Hor. C. S. 17. In pronunciation, to lengthen, prolong (class.): inclitus dicimus brevi primā litterā, insanus productā,Cic. Or. 48, 159: syllabam,Ov. P. 4, 12, 13; Quint. 1, 5, 18.Trop.To bring forward (to distinction), to raise, promote, advance (class.): producere aliquem ad aliquam dignitatem. Cic. Fin. 3, 16, 52: aliquem omni genere honoris,Liv. 40, 56: quem tu non pro illius dignitate produxeras,Cic. Dom. 9, 21: a quibus producti sunt, exsistunt eorum ipsorum tyranni,
,Hor. A. P. 189.Subst.: prōducta, ōrum, n., preferable things (a transl. of the Gr. τἁ προηγμένα): in vitā non ea, quae primario loco sunt, sed ea, quae secundum locum obtinent, προηγμένα, id est producta nominantur; quae vel ita appellemus (id erit verbum e verbo), vel promota, et remota, vel, ut dudum diximus, praeposita, vel praecipua; et illa rejecta,Cic. Fin. 3, 16, 52; cf. Sen. Ep. 74, 17. Hence, adv.: prōductē, in a lengthened manner, long (class.): producte dicere litteram, opp. breviter,Cic. Or. 48, 159: producte dicere syllabam, opp. correpte,Gell. 2, 17, 5. Comp.: syllaba productius pronunciata,Gell. 4, 17, 8.
productilis prōductĭlis, e, adj.produco. That may be drawn out, ductile, productile: productile, ἐλατόν, Gloss.Of beaten work, of highly wrought metal: Cherubim aurei et productiles,Vulg. Exod. 25, 18: tubae,id. Ecclus. 50, 18.
productivus prōductīvus, a, um, adj.id., fit for prolongation: nomina,Cassiod. Hist. Eccl. 1, 14.
producto prōducto, āre, v. freq. a.id., to draw one thing before another, to interpose: ut huic malo aliquam productem moram,Ter. And. 3, 5, 9 Fleck.
productor prōductor, ōris, m.id., a leader away, an enticer (perh. a pander): productor, προαγωγός, Vet. Gloss.
productus prōductus, a, um, Part. and P. a., from produco.
produx prōdux, dŭcis, m.produco, a twig, shoot, layer; trop. (eccl. Lat.), Tert. Carn. Chr. 20.
proebia proebĭa, ōrum, n., v. praebia.
proegmenon prŏēgmĕnon, i, n., = προηγμένον (in pure Lat. productum; v. producta, in produco fin.), a preferable thing, acc. to the Stoic philosophy, Cic. Fin. 3, 4, 15 (as Greek, id. ib. 3, 15, 51 al.).
proelialis proelĭālis, e, v. procliaris.
proeliaris proelĭāris (prael-) and proelĭā-lis, e, adj.proelium, of or belonging to a battle (ante- and post-class.): pugnae proeliares,
pitched battles
,Plaut. Curc. 4, 4, 17: acies,App. M. 8, p. 208, 40: proeliares dies appellantur, quibus fas est hostem bello lacessere, Paul. ex Fest. p. 266 Müll.; called also proeliales dies,Macr. 1, 16: proeliaris dea,i. e.
proeliator proelĭātor (prael-), ōris, m.id., a fighter, warrior, combatant (post - Aug.), Tac. A. 2, 73: proeliator insignis,Just. 15, 4 fin.; in appos.: proeliator miles,Amm. 19, 7, 8: vir,Vulg. Isa. 42, 13.
proelio proelĭo, āre, 1, v. a. (ante-class.; collat. form of proelior): mortales inter sese pugnant, proeliant, Enn. ap. Non. 472, 31 (Trag. v. 26 Vahl.); cf. Prisc. p. 799 P. Impers. pass.: proeliatum est,Just. 19, 1, 9.
proelium proelĭum (prael-), ii, n.etym. dub.; perh. for provilium, pro-dvilium; cf. duellum (bellum), a battle, combat (class.; syn.: pugna, dimicatio). Lit.: induperatores pugnare ac proelia obire,Lucr. 4, 967: non proeliis, neque acie bellum gerere,Sall. J. 54, 5: exitus proeliorum,Cic. Fam. 6, 4, 1: proelium facere,
,Juv. 14, 162.Transf. Of animals (poet.): proelia dant cervi,Verg. G. 3, 265: (taurorum),id. ib. 3, 220; cf. Hor. C. 3, 20, 4; 3, 13, 5. Of inanimate subjects (poet.): ventorum proelia,Verg. G. 1, 318.A warrior: Colchis flagrantes adamantina sub juga tauros Egit et armigera proelia sevit humo,Prop. 3, 11 (4, 10), 10: trepidum si Martis operti agricolam infandis condentem proelia sulcis expediam,Stat. Th. 1, 8.Trop.Contest, strife (class.): proelia te meā causā sustinere,Cic. Fam. 9, 11, 2: committere proelia voce,Ov. M. 5, 307; id. Am. 1, 8, 96. Humorously, of a struggle with food and drink: in eo uterque proelio potabimus,Plaut. Men. 1, 3, 3: sed quid cessamus proelium committere?id. Pers. 1, 3, 32. In mal. part., Prop. 2, 1, 45: veneris,App. M. 5, p. 168, 6.
proemineo pro-ēmĭnĕo, ēre, 2, v. n., to project: προκύπτω, proemineo, Gloss. Gr. Lat.
Proerna Prŏërna, ae, f., = Πρόερνα, a town of Thessaly, the mod. Ghynekokastro, Liv. 36, 14.
Proetus Proetus, i, m., = Προῖτος, a king of Tiryns, brother of Acrisius, Ov. M. 5, 238 sq. Proetĭdes, um, f., = Προιτιδες, his daughters, who being punished with madness by Juno for their pride, imagined themselves to be cows: Proetides implerunt falsis mugitibus agros,Verg. E. 6, 48; Ov. M. 15, 326; Plin. 25, 5, 21, § 47.
profano prōfāno, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.pro-fanum, to bring any thing to a god before the temple, i. e. to dedicate, consecrate, offer in sacrifice (ante-class.): daps profanata,Cato, R. R. 50: profanato sine contagione,id. ib. 132: decimam Herculi, Massur. Sabin. ap. Macr. S. 3, 6: ad aram decimam bovum, Fest. s. v. potitium, p. 237 Müll.; Aur. Vict. Orig. Gent. Rom. 6: polluctum cum profanatum dicitur, id est proinde ut sit fani factum; itaque olim fano consumebatur omne quod profanum erat,Varr. L. L. 6, § 54 Müll. (the passage is corrupt).
profano prŏfāno, āvi, atum, 1, v. a.profanus. Lit., to render unholy, deprive of sanctity, to unhallow, desecrate, profane (perh. not ante - Aug.): dies festos, sacra, sacerdotes,Liv. 31, 44: sacrum,Ov. Am. 3, 9, 19: festum,id. M. 4, 390: sacra,Petr. 89: funus,Stat. Th. 9, 8: sabbata,Vulg. Ezech. 23, 38: justitias,id. Psa. 88, 32.Transf.To violate, pollute: pudorem,Curt. 5, 1, 38: os,Quint. 11, 1, 84: nomen,id. Decl. 10.To disclose, reveal, betray: secreta,App. M. 5, p. 164, 13: res profanata non valeat,Pall. 1, 35, 1.
profanus prŏfānus, a, um, adj.pro - fanum; prop. before the temple, i. e. outside of it; hence, opp. to the temple as a sacred object, unholy, not sacred, common, profane.Lit.: profanum quod non est sacrum, Plautus: Sacrum an profanum habeas parvi penditur, Paul. ex Fest. p. 228 Müll.; cf.: profanum est, quod fani religione non tenetur,Fest. p. 253 ib.: Trebatius profanum id proprie dici ait, quod ex religioso vel sacro in hominum usum proprietatem conversum est, Macr. S. 3, 3, 2: loci consecrati an profani,Cic. Part. 10, 36; opp. sacrum,Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 27 cum omnia illā victoriā suā profana fecisset, Cic. Verr 2, 4, 55, § 122: res profanae et usu pollutae,Tac. A. 13, 57: flamma,Ov. F. 6, 440: usus,Plin. 15, 30, 40, § 135. Of persons: procul o, procul este, profani, Conclamat vates, ye uninitiated, Verg A. 6, 258: Cereris ritus vulgare profanis, Ov A. A. 2, 601 profanum vulgus,Hor. C. 3, 1, 1: vulgus, Gell. N A. praef. fin.Transf.Wicked, impious (poet.): mens profana, Ov M 2, 833: verba,id. Tr. 3, 5, 48: odia,Stat. Th. 1, 1: profanus Phorbas, Ov M. 11, 413 sit spes fallendi, miscebis sacra profanis, Hor Ep. 1, 16, 54. Subst.prŏfānum, i, n., wickedness, impiety (post-Aug.): civilium bellorum profano,Plin. 16, 4, 3, § 7.Unlearned, ignorant (post-class.); with gen.: litterarum profani (opp.: doctrina initiati),Macr. Somn. Scip. 1, 18; Min. Fel. Oct. 5: qui profani sunt a sacramento veritatis,
strangers to
,Lact. 2, 15, 2: a veritate,id. 2, 16, 13; 7, 24, 10.Ill-boding (poet.): profanus bubo, Ov M 6, 431 avis,id. ib. 5, 543. Hence, adv.: prŏfānē, wickedly, profanely (post-class.); illudere,Lact. 6, 23, 10: de divinitate disputare,Min. Fel. Oct. 8.
profatum prŏfātum, i, n., v profor fin.
profatus prŏfātus, ūs (only in abl. sing.), m.profor, a speaking out, uttering, saying, pronouncing (post-Aug.): effreno nimbos aequare profatu,Stat. S. 5, 3, 103: vocis,Sen. Apoc. 7: voces dictu profatuque ipso tetrae,Gell. 18, 11, 2.
profecticius prŏfectīcĭus or -tĭus, a, um, adj.proficiscor, that proceeds from some one (post-class.); profecticia dos est, quae a patre vel parente profecta est, de bonis vel facto ejus,Dig. 23, 3, 5, §§ 1, 6, 14; Ulp. Fragm. 6, 3; 4, 6.
profectio prŏfectĭo, ōnis, f.id.. Lit., a going away, setting out, departure (class.): profectione laeti, Pac. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 14, 24: profectio et reversio alicujus,Cic. Phil. 1, 1, 1: profectionem parare, to prepare for setting out, Caes B. C. 1, 27. Cethegi profectio in Hispaniam, Cic. Sull. 25, 70; id. Fam. 2, 16, 6; Liv 2, 14; 38, 59.Transf., of things, the source whence any thing is obtained: profectio ipsius pecuniae requiratur,Cic. Clu. 30, 82.
profecto prŏfectō, adv.pro-facto, a particle of affirmation, confirmation, and declaration, actually, indeed, really, truly, surely, assuredly, by all means, certainly, etc. (very freq. and class.): neque di regunt neque profecto deūm summus rex omnibus curat, Att. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1, 59 (Trag. Rel v 142 Rib.): profecto edepol,Plaut. Ps. 5, 1, 7: profecto, ut loquor, res ita est,id. Am. 2, 1, 19: non est ita, judices, non est profecto,Cic. Fl. 22, 53: retorquet oculos profecto,id. Cat. 2, 1, 2: profecto negare non potes,id. Verr 2, 2, 18, § 44: nunc quidem profecto Romae es,id. Att. 6, 5, 1 init.: si modo di sunt, ut profecto sunt,id. N. D. 2, 31, 78: meministi enim profecto,id. Lael. 1, 2; Hor. A. P. 315; Curt. 8, 3, 4; cf. Cic. Fin. 1, 6, 20; 1, 12, 41; 4, 24, 66; id. Sest. 7, 17; id. Cat. 3, 10, 23; Liv 1, 15; 44, 2; 54, 1. Strengthened by other particles; profecto hercle,Plaut. Cas. 5, 2, 29: vere enim profecto,Eum. Pan. Const. 7
profector prŏfector, ōris, m. [proficiscor), a traveller: Ἔκδημος, profector, Gloss. Gr. Lat.
profectus prōfectus, a, um, Part., from proficio
profectus prŏfectus, a, um, Part., from proficiscor
profectus prōfectus (with the first syllable short, Aus. ldyll. 4, 70), ūs, m.proficio, advance, progress, effect, increase, growth, profit, success (poet. and in post-Aug. prose): sine profectu, Ov M. 9, 50: verbaque profectu dissimulata carent,id. P. 3, 9, 40; Col. 1, 4, 5; Varr. R. R. 1, 223; Quint. 10, 3, 2; 12, 6, 4; 1, 2, 26: in quo quantum esset ingenii, quantum etiam profectus, sermo primus ostendit,
Profera Prōfĕra, ae, f.prefero, she that presents, makes known, i. e. the goddess of Arithmetic, Mart. Cap. 8, § 803 Kopp ad loc.
profero prō-fĕro, tŭli, lātum, ferre (inf. pass. parag. proferrier, Lucr. 1, 207; proferis for profers,Firm. Mat. 22, 3), v. a.Lit.To carry or bring out, to bring forth (class.; cf.: prodo, produco, adduco): Al. Vin' proferri pateram? Am. Proferri volo. Al. Fiat: tu, Thessala, intus pateram proferto foras,Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 137: arma tormentaque ex oppido,Caes. B. C. 2, 22: (nummos) ex arcā,Cic. Rosc. Com. 11, 29.To extend, stretch, or thrust out: linguam in tussiendo,Plaut. As. 4, 1, 50: manum,id. Ps. 3, 2, 72: digitum,Cic. Caecin. 25, 71. Se proferre, to raise one's self, show one's self, appear (post-Aug.): draco e pulvino se proferens,Suet. Ner. 6.To offer, proffer: alicui minas viginti argenti,Plaut. As. 3, 3, 60. Esp., Proferre gradum or pedem, to go on, proceed: gradum proferam, progredi properabo,Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 2: gradum pedum proferre, Enn ap Fest. p. 249: passus, Lucr 4, 874: longe pedem,Quint. 11, 3, 160; cf.: pedem, Hor A. P 135. As milit. t. t.: signa proferre, to advance the standards, march on, Liv 4, 32, 10; so, proferre inde castra,id. 10, 33, 7: quidquid ab urbe longius proferrent arma,id. 7, 32, 6. Also, Nautical t t.: pedibus profatis in contrarium navigare,
to sail close to the wind
,Plin. 2, 47, 48; cf.: prolato pede transversos captare notos,Sen. Med. 321.Transf.To bring forth, produce, cause to grow, of plants (postAug.): caelum laurum patitur, atque etiam nitidissimam profert,Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 4: semen,Plin. 17, 13, 20, § 95 (al. perfert). Of pronunciation, to utter, pronounce (post-Aug.): extremas syllabas,Quint. 11, 3, 33.To extend, enlarge (class.): castra, Caes, B. C. 1, 81: et proferre libet fines,Juv. 14, 142: pomoerium,Gell. 13, 14, 2.To put off, defer, adjourn, etc. (class.): rem aliquot dies, Cat. ap. Gell. 7, 3, 14: auctionis diem laxius proferre,Cic. Att. 13, 14, 1: aliquid in diem posterum,Gell. 1, 23, 5; cf. Liv. 3, 20, 6. Of a painter, to bring out, to represent distinctly (post-Aug.); venas protulit,Plin. 35, 8, 34, § 56.Trop. With se, to raise, elevate one's self (post-Aug.): qui se ipsi protulerunt,
,Suet. Ner 25To bring forth, produce, invent, discover, make known, reveal (class.): artem,Cic. Ac. 2, 1, 2: palam proferre aliquid, Ter Ad. 3, 2, 41: cum illa indicia communis exitii indagavi, patefeci, protuli,Cic. Mil. 37, 102: aliquid foras,id. Cael. 23, 57: rem in medium,id. Fam. 15, 2, 6: secreta animi,Plin. 14, 22, 28, § 141: Montanum, quia protulerit ingenium, extorrem agi,
displayed his genius
,Tac. A. 16, 29 fin.To bring forward, quote, cite, mention (class.); libros,Cic. N. D. 1, 40, 113: testes, legatos,id. Balb. 18, 41: auctores,id. de Or 2, 71, 290: nominatim multos,id. Rosc. Am 16, 47; paucos belli duces praestantissimos,id. de Or 1, 2, 7: vinolentiam alicujus,id. Phil. 2, 39, 101: vim, potentiam, factiones, divitias, clientelas, affinitates adversariorum,Auct. Her. 1, 5, 8: aliquid in medium,Cic. Verr 2, 4, 52, § 115; id. Fin. 2, 23, 76; Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 41: memoriter Progeniem suam usque ab avo atque atavo, Ter Phorm. 2, 3, 48: exempla omnium nota,Cic. Div 1, 46, 103.To extend, enlarge: fines officiorum,Cic. Mur. 31, 65: memoriam alicujus,
to prolong
,Plin. Ep. 5, 12, 2: ut vita ejus debuerit inmortalitate proferri,id. ib. 2, 7, 4; 3, 7, 14.To impel: si paulo longius pietas Caecilium protulisset,Cic. Sull. 23, 64. With se: cum se ad clarissimorum civium strages caedesque proferret,Plin. Pan. 48.To lengthen out, prolong (class.): beatam vitam usque ad rogum proferre,Cic. Fin. 3, 22, 76: ut depositi proferret fata parentis,Verg. A. 12, 395.
professio prŏfessĭo, ōnis, f.profiteor, a public acknowledgment, declaration, expression, profession, promise (mostly post-Aug.). In gen.: professio bonae voluntatis, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 8, 2: Canidius timidius decessit, quam professioni ejus congruebat,Vell. 2, 87, 3: memores professionis, of our promise (of brevity), id. 2, 89, 6: aperta,Plin. 27, 3, 2, § 9: suae opinionis,
expression
,Gell. 7, 3, 24: summa stultitiae,id. 7, 3, 24: flagitii,Tac. A. 2, 85: pietatis,id. Agr. 3.Transf., a sign, token (post-class.): vitiorum,Pall. 3, 9. In partic., a public declaration or specification of one's person, name, property, business, etc. (class.): IS. APVD. QVEM. EA. PROFESSIO FIET, etc., Tab. Her. in Haubold, Mon. Leg. p. 101 sq.; Liv. 35, 7: tu vero confice professionem, si potes. Etsi haec pecunia ex eo genere est, ut professione non egeat,Cic. Fam. 16, 23, 1: post professionem de fideicommisso factam,Dig. 49, 14, 2; Tert. Apol. 42; Vulg. Act. 5, 37.Transf.A public register of persons or property thus given in (class.): in Leontino jugerum subscriptio ac professio non est plus triginta millium,Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 47, § 113.A business or profession which one publicly avows (class.): professio bene dicendi,Cic. de Or. 1, 6, 21: grammaticae,Suet. Gram. 8: sapientiae,Plin. 7, 30, 31, § 112: magicae artis,Curt. 7, 4, 8: professionem honestarum artium malis corruperant moribus,id. 8, 5, 7: ista salutaris, the art of healing, medicine, Cels. praef.: ultimae professionis homines, i. e. vilissimi artificii,Lampr. Elag. 20; Dig 2, 13, 9.
professionarius prŏfessĭōnārĭus, ii, m.professio, perh. a registrar of wares, one who fixed the duties on imported goods, Inscr. Marin. Frat. Arv. p. 151.
professor prŏfessor, ōris, m.profiteor, a public teacher, professor, one who makes instruction in any branch a business (post-Aug.): sapientiae professores, Cels. praef. init.: ceterarum artium,Quint. 12, 11, 20: Latinae simul Graecaeque eloquentiae,Suet. Rhet 5; id. Gram. 9: astrologiae,Col. 1, 1, 4; 11, 1, 12: juris civilis,Dig. 50, 13, 1. Absol.: opus etiam consummatis professoribus difficile,Quint. 1, 9, 3: circa scholas professorum,Suet. Tib. 11.Transf., in gen., a professor, teacher: veritatis, Amm 30, 5, 9; 22, 4, 1: adulandi professores jam docti,id. 17, 11, 1: non obscurus professor atque auctor,Quint. 2, 15, 36; cf. Plin. Ep. 4, 11, 2; Spart. Hadr 15; Dig. 50, 13, 6. Of a physician, Cels. 2, 6, 1; 6, 4; cf. Cod. 10, 52.
professorius prŏfessōrĭus, a, um, adj.professor, of or belonging to a public teacher, professorial (post-Aug.): professoria lingua,Tac. A. 13, 14 fin.
professus prŏfessus, a, um, Part. and P. a., from profiteor
profestus prŏ-festus, a, um, adj.pro-festus; cf. profanus. Lit., non-festival, not kept as a holiday, common; of days, workingdays: profestum diem dicebant qui festus non erat, Paul. ex Fest. p. 252 Müll.: profesti dies a festivitate vacui,Non. 434, 3; Plaut. Aul. 2, 8, 11: ut carpentis, festis profestisque diebus, per urbem vectemur,Liv. 34, 3; Hor. S. 2, 3, 144: pejor, qui profestis diebus ageret, quod feriatis deberet, Cato ap Plin. 18, 6, 8, § 40. luces, working-days, Hor C. 4, 15, 25; so, lux,id. S. 2, 2, 116: profestum facere est tamquam profanum facere, id est facere, quod feriis facere non licet, etc.,Fest. p. 253 Müll.Transf., like profanus, uninitiated, uncultivated, uneducated (post-class.): profestum et profanum vulgus, Gell. praef. fin.
proficienter prōfĭcĭenter, adv., v. proficio fin.
proficio prōfĭcĭo, fēci, fectum, 3, v. n and a. [pro-facio], to go forward, advance, gain ground, make progress.Lit. (very rare): cum quinqueremis sola non proficeret,Plin. 32, 1, 1, § 4.Trop., to go on, advance, make progress; to profit, derive advantage; to perform, effect, accomplish, obtain, etc. (class.; cf. procedo). Of persons: si nihil in oppugnatione oppidi profecisset,Caes. B. G. 7, 20: ubi diligentiā nostrorum nihil his rebus profici posse intellexerunt,id. ib. 3, 21: plus multitudine telorum,id. ib. 7, 82: loci opportunitate,id. B. C. 3, 23: antesignani tantum profecere, ut pellerent omnes,id. ib. 3, 75: multum profecit,Nep. Eum. 10, 1: si modo in philosophiā aliquid profecimus, have made any progress, Cic. Off. 3, 8, 37: ea,id. de Or. 2, 21 fin. Of the sick, to get better: si quidquam profecerint, Cael. Aur Acut. 2, 10, 71 proficiens aegrotus,id. ib. 2, 11, 81 Of manim subjects, to grow, increase (mostly post-Aug.): id (vitis genus) quod umore proficit,Col. 3, 20: proficiente pretio,
,Vulg. 2 Tim. 3, 13. In partic., to be useful, serviceable, advantageous, etc., to effect, accomplish; to help, tend, contribute, conduce (class.; cf. prosum) ea suo quaeque loco, ubi plurimum proficere et valere possent, collocabat,Cic. Brut. 37, 139: nulla res tantum ad dicendum proficit, quantum scriptio,id. ib. 24, 92; Liv 3, 61: profectura aliquid tum tua verba puta, Ov P. 3, 1, 138: aut nihil in melius tot rerum proficit usus?Juv. 13, 18. Of remedies: radice vel herbā Proficiente nihil,Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 150; nec alia res celerius proficit, is of service, Plin 27, 11, 72, § 96: axungia proficit ad strumas,id. 28, 9, 37, § 140; pirorum ligni cinis contra fungos efficacius proficit,id. 23, 7, 62, § 116: radix anethi vel in febribus proficit,id. 20, 23, 98, § 260. Impers.: multum proficiet illud demonstrare, quemadmodum scripsisset,Cic. Inv. 2, 41, 120. Hence, prōfĭcĭenter, adv., successfully (eccl. Lat.), Aug Ep. 80: incedere, Hil. Trin. 1, 22; Cassiod in Psa. 133, 2.
proficisco prŏfĭcisco, ĕre, v. proficiscor fin.
proficiscor prŏfĭciscor, fectus, 3, v. dep. n. [profacio, facesso, faciscor; orig., to make, i. e. put one's self forward; hence], to set out, start, go, march, travel, depart, etc. (class.; cf. progredior). Lit.: proficisci ad dormiendum,
,Caes. B. C. 1, 78: e castris,id. ib. 1, 12: domo,Sall. J. 79, 4; Liv. 2, 26; 2, 4: portu,id. 9, 26: regno,Just. 37, 3, 4: Athenis,Nep. Milt. 1, 5: de Formiano,Cic. Att. 2, 8, 2.Transf., to be going or about to go, to intend to go to a place, to start (ante-class.): potin' ut me ire, quo profectus sum, sinas?Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 2: tu profectus alio fueras, Ter Eun. 2, 2, 49: cum proficisceretur,Caes. B. G. 3, 1; Cic. Cat. 2, 7, 15; Hor. Ep. 1, 13, 1; 2, 2, 20.Trop. In gen., to go, come, proceed: nunc proficiscemur ad reliqua,Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 5, § 10. In partic. To set out, begin, commence: ut inde oratio mea proficiscatur, unde, etc.,Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 4: cum omnis haec quaestio ab eo proficiscatur,id. Fin. 5, 8, 23; a philosophiā profectus Xenophon scripsit historiam,id. de Or. 2, 14, 58: ei proficiscendum est ab omni mundo,id. Fin. 3, 22, 73.To come forth, spring, arise, proceed, originate: cum omnia officia a principiis naturae proficiscantur, ab iisdem necesse est proficisci ipsam sapientiam,Cic. Fin. 3, 7, 23; 1, 12, 42; 3, 6, 22: falsis initiis profecta,id. ib. 1, 21, 72: ex medicinā nihil oportet putare proficisci, nisi quod ad corporis utilitatem spectet,id. Inv. 1, 38, 68: quaecumque a me ornamenta ad te proficiscentur, shall pass from me to you, i. e. you shall receive from me, id. Fam. 2, 19, 2: omnia quae a me profecta sunt in te, tibi accidisse gratissime, all you have received from me, id. ib. 3, 1, 1: ut plura a parente proficisci non potuerint,Nep. Att. 9, 4: qui a Zenone profecti sunt,
who have proceeded from him
,
his disciples
,Cic. Div 1, 3, 5; cf.: omnes ab Aristotele profecti,id. ib. 1, 35, 61. So, to express descent (poet.): Tyriā de gente profecti,Ov. M. 3, 35; Verg. A. 8, 51. Act. collat. form prŏfĭcisco, ĕre, to set out, go, etc. (anteclass.): priusquam proficisco,Plaut. Mil. 4, 8, 19; hortatur hominem, quam primum proficisceret, Turp. ap. Non. 471, 2.
proficuus prōfĭcŭus, a, um, adj [proficio], beneficial, advantageous, conducive (late Lat): quibus mora potest esse proficua,Cassiod. Var. 1, 39.
profiteor prŏfĭtĕor, fessus, v (old form of the inf. PROFITEREI, and of the imper. PROFITEMINO, several times in the Tab. Her, in Haubold, Mon. Leg. p. 99 sq.), v. dep. a. [pro-fateor], to declare publicly, to own freely, to acknowledge, avow, confess openly, profess (class.). In gen. Absol.: neque vis tuā voluntate ipse profiteri,Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 80: ita libenter confitetur, ut non solum fateri, sed etiam profiteri videatur,Cic. Caecin. 9, 24: fateor atque etiam profiteor et prae me fero,id. Rab. Perd. 5, 17. With acc.: profiteri et in medium proferre aliquid,Cic. Fin. 2, 23, 76: cur ea non profitenda putabas?Ov. H. 21, 129. With obj. clause: profitentur Carnutes, se nullum periculum recusare,Caes. B. G. 7, 2; Cic. N D. 1, 5, 12. With de: de parricidio professum,Suet. Calig. 12: de semet professo,id. Dom. 8. In partic. Profiteri se aliquem, to declare one's self or profess to be something: profiteri se grammaticum,Cic. Tusc. 2, 4, 12; Poët. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 26, 42; profiteri se patrem infantis,Suet. Calig. 25: se legatum,id. Galb. 10: se candidatum consulatūs,id. Aug. 4: professus amicum,Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 2. With esse: triduo me jure consultum esse profitebor,Cic. Mur. 13, 28: me omnium provinciarum defensorem esse profitebor,Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 93, § 217. Profiteri aliquid, to profess an art, science, etc.: profiteri philosophiam,
to declare one's self a philosopher
,Cic. Pis. 29, 71; medicinam, to profess medicine, to practise as a physician, Cels. praef.; Suet. Caes. 42; jus,Ov. A. A. 3, 531. In pass.: rem non professam apud nos tenemus,Quint. Decl. 341. Absol.: profiteri, to be a teacher or professor (post-Aug.): cum omnes qui profitentur, audiero,Plin. Ep 2, 18, 3: translatus est in Siciliam, ubi nunc profitetur,id. ib. 4, 11, 14. Profiteri indicium, to give evidence, make a deposition against accomplices: multis hortantibus indicium profitetur,Sall. J. 35, 6; Hirt. B. Afr 55, Curt. 8, 6, 23; Plin. Ep. 3, 16, 9: summum supplicium decernebatur, ni professus indicium foret,Tac. A. 6, 3.To offer freely, propose voluntarily, to promise: quis profitetur? who volunteers? Plaut Capt. 3, 1, 20: se ad eam rem adjutorem,Caes. B. G. 5, 38: ego vero tibi profiteor atque polliceor eximium et singulare meum studium in omni genere officii,Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 4: si vos in eam rem operam vestram profitemini,id. Rosc. Am. 53, 153: Varro profitetur se alterā die ad colloquium venturum,Caes. B. C. 3, 19: sumunt gentiles arma professa manus,
arms that promise a combat
,Ov. F. 2, 198: magna, Hor A. P. 14; Ov. F. 5, 351: grandia,Hor. A. P. 27.To disclose, show, display, make a show of; dolorem, Just. 8, 5, 11: sola Jovem Semele vidit Jovis ora professum,Nemes. Ecl. 3, 22: vitate viros cultum formamque professos,Ov. A A. 3, 433.To make a public statement or return of any thing (as of one's name, property, business, etc.): censum (one's estate),Ulp. Fragm. 1, 8; Tab. Her. in Haubold, Mon. Leg. p. 99 sq. (q. v.): ut aratores jugera sationum suarum profiterentur,Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 15, § 38: apud decemviros, quantum habeat praedae,id. Agr. 2, 22, 59: greges ovium ad publicanum,Varr. R. R. 2, 1: frumentum, Liv 4, 12: furtum,Quint. Decl. 341: rem alienam,id. ib. 341: rem apud publicanum,id. ib. 359; Dig. 39, 4, 16, § 12. Absol.: ne decipiat (publicanus) profiteri volentes,Dig. 39, 4, 19, § 6; Vulg. Luc. 2, 3 and 5: nomen,
to give in one's name
,
announce one's self
,Liv. 26, 18; also without nomen: Catilina prohibitus erat petere consulatum, quod intra legitimos dies profiteri nequiverit,Sall. C. 18, 3: nam et quaesturam petentes, quos indignos judicavit, profiteri vetuit,Vell. 2, 92, 3: professae (sc. feminae), i. e. common prostitutes, who had to give in their names to the aedile, Ov. F. 4, 866. Trop.: in his nomen suum profitetur,
among these he reckons himself
,Ter. Eun. prol. 3. Hence, prŏ-fessus, a, um, P. a., in passive signif., known, manifest, confessed (poet. and in post-Aug. prose): culpa professa,Ov. Am. 3, 14, 6: dux,Just. 8, 4, 4. Ex or de professo, openly, avowedly, intentionally, professedly: non ex professo eam (potentiam) non petere,Sen. Ep. 14, 8: vir ex professo mollis, Macr S. 2, 9. De professo (postclass.): ac ne id quidem de professo audet,
openly
,App. Mag. p. 274, 11.
proflamen prō-flāmen, ĭnis, m., a flamen's substitute, proflamen, Inscr. Orell. 2270.
profligator prōflīgātor, ōris, m.id., a spendthrift, prodigal (post-Aug.): ganeo et profligator,Tac. A. 16, 18: justitiae,Ennod. Dict. 18.
profligatus prōflīgātus, a, um, Part. and P. a., from 1, profligo.
profligo prō-flīgo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to strike or dash to the ground, to cast down utterly, overthrow, overcome, conquer (class.; syn.: sterno, prosterno). Lit.: inimicos profligare,Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 75: copias hostium,Cic. Phil. 14, 14, 37: classem hostium,Caes. B. C. 2, 32: hostes,Nep. Dat. 6, 8: proelia,i. e.
,Just. 20, 4, 13; cf. Front. Strat. 2, 3, 20. Hence, prōflīgātus, a, um, P. a.Wretched, miserable, vile (class.; syn. perditus): senatoria judicia perdita profligataque,Cic. Verr. 1, 3, 8. In a moral sense, corrupt, dissolute, abandoned, profligate (class.): tu omnium mortalium profligatissime ac perditissime,Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 26, § 65: homines,id. Arch. 6, 14: omnia ad perniciem profligata atque perdita,id. Rosc. Am. 13, 38: profligatissimus quisque,Suet. Tib. 35. Of time, advanced (post-Aug.): profligatae aetatis (homo),Sen. Ot. 2, 2 (al. Vit. Beat. 29, 2). In neutr. absol.: in profligato esse,
proflo prō-flo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to blow forth, breathe out.Lit. (poet.): leo proflat ferus ore calores, Q. Cic. poët. ap. Aus. Ecl.: flammas,Ov. F. 1, 573; Val. Fl. 7, 571: pectore sanguineos rivos,Stat. Th. 11, 266.Transf., to melt, liquefy by blowing (postAug.): massa proflatur in primis, mox in proflatum additur, etc., Plin. 34, 9, 20, § 97. Trop., to blow or breathe out (poet. and post-Aug.): noctem Tartaream pectore,Val. Fl. 6, 435: toto proflabat pectore somnum,i.e.
profluens prōflŭens, Part. and P. a., from profluo.
profluenter prōflŭenter, adv., v. profluo, P. a. fin.
profluentia prōflŭentĭa, ae, f.profluo, a flowing forth (trop.): inanis quaedam profluentia loquendi,
a stream of words
,
fluency
,Cic. Part. 23, 81.
profluo prō-flŭo, xi, xum, 3, v. n., to flow forth or along (class.). Lit.: Mosa profluit ex monte Vogeso,Caes. B. G. 4, 10: si lacrimae ab oculis et pituita a naribus profluent,Col. 6, 7, 11: umor profluit,Verg. G. 4, 25: sanguis profluens, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 16, 38: sudor,Just. 15, 4, 17: per fossas,Plin. 33, 4, 21, § 76: ad mare,Cic. Div. 1, 44, 100.Transf.To cause a running or flow: gravedo profluit,Plaut. As. 4, 1, 51.To be relaxed: videndum est an adstrictum corpus sit, an profluat,Cels. 3, 6: si venter profluit,id. 3, 6.Trop., to flow forth, issue, proceed (class.): quae ab hoc fonte profluant,Varr. L. L. 8, § 62 Müll.: cujus ore sermo melle dulcior profluebat,Auct. Her. 4, 33, 44: equidem ab his fontibus profluxi ad hominum famam,Cic. Cael. 3, 6: ad incognitas artes, to proceed to, to fall or hit upon, Tac. A. 11, 26. Hence, prōflŭens, entis, P. a., flowing along (class.). Lit.: aqua profluens,Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 2.Subst.: prōflŭens, entis, f. (sc. aqua), running water (class.): in profluentem deferri,Cic. Inv. 2, 50, 149; cf. Auct. Her. 1, 13, 23; Flor. 1, 1, 2; 4, 12, 9.Trop., of speech, flowing, fluent: genus sermonis affert non liquidum, non fusum ac profluens, sed exile, aridum, concisum,Cic. de Or. 2, 38, 159: profluens et perennis loquacitas,id. ib. 3, 48, 185: profluens atque expedita celeritas,id. Brut. 61, 220: profluens quiddam habuit Carbo et canorum,id. de Or. 3, 7, 28: eloquentia,Tac. A. 13, 3. Sup.: manuum suarum profluentissima largitas,Arn. in Psa. 104. Hence, adv.: prōflŭenter, flowingly; trop., easily (class.): ergo omnia profluenter, absolute, prospere,Cic. Tusc. 5, 18, 53. Comp., of speech, more fluently (postclass.): profluentius exsequi,Gell. 14, 1, 32.
profluvius prōflŭvĭus, a, um, adj.id.. Flowing; trop., fluctuating, inconstant: profluvia fides, Caecil. ap. Prisc. p. 699 P.Subst.: prōflŭvĭus, ii, m., for profluvium, a flux, Veg. Vet. 1, 17, 19; 1, 38, 4.
profor prŏ-for, fātus, 1 (inf. profarier, Prud. στεφ. 10, 939), v. dep. a., to say or speak out, to say, speak (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose). In gen.: veteres Casmenas cascam rem volo profari, tell, relate, Att. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 28 Müll.: quod jam et mehe Piget paternum nomen, maternum pudet Profari, Pac. ap. Non. 424, 4 (Trag. Rel. v. 145 Rib.): pudor prohibebat plura profari,Hor. S. 1, 6, 57: tum breviter Dido, vultum demissa, profatur,Verg. A. 1, 561: et sic accensa profatur,id. ib. 4, 364: quibus ille profatur: Forsitan, etc.,Ov. M. 11, 289: vera profari,Petr. 121: sic ille profatus,Luc. 9, 251: clamore magno,Sil. 11, 211. In partic., to foretell, predict, prophesy: quando dies adveniet, quem profata Morta est, Liv. And. ap. Gell. 3, 16, 11 (acc. to Hom. Odyss. 2, 99): Pythia quae tripodi a Phoebi lauroque profatur,Lucr. 1, 739; 5, 112: Delio profante,Petr. 89; Dig. 21, 1, 1. Hence, prŏfātum. i, n., a statement, proposition, axiom (post-class.): ἀξιώματα, quae M. Varro alias profata, alias proloquia appellat, Gell. 16, 8, 2.
profringo prŏ-fringo, ĕre, v. a.frango, to break up: inarata,i. e.
profundo prō^-fundo, fūdi, fūsum, 3, v. a., to pour out or forth, to shed copiously, to cause to flow (class.). Lit.: sanguinem suum profundere omnem cupit, dummodo profusum hujus ante videat,Cic. Clu. 6, 18: sanguinem pro patriā,id. Fin. 2, 19, 60; 2, 30, 97: vim lacrimarum,id. Rep. 6, 14, 14: lacrimas oculis,Verg. A. 12, 154; Ov. M. 9, 679; 7, 91; Sen. Med. 541: sanguinem ex oculis,Plin. 10, 60, 79, § 164: aquam,Plaut. Aul. 2, 4, 29: vinum,id. Curc. 1, 1, 92: vina deo tamquam sitienti,Lact. 2, 4, 13; 6, 1, 5: aquas sub mensas,Plin. 28, 2, 5, § 26. With se, to burst or gush forth: lacrimae se subito profuderunt,Cic. Ac. 11, 7, 6.Transf.To stretch at full length, to prostrate (poet.): cum somnus membra profudit,Lucr. 4, 757: praecipites profusae in terram,id. 6, 744. Mid.: profusus, abjectus jacens. Pacuvius: profusus gemitu, murmure, stretched at full length, Paul. ex Fest. p. 228 Müll. (Trag. Rel. v. 321 Rib.). To pour or cast out, bring forth, produce (class.): posticā parte profudit, Lucil. ap. Non. 217, 16: (puerum) ex alvo matris natura profudit,Lucr. 5, 225: sonitus,id. 6, 401: ignes,id. 6, 210: omnia ex ore,id. 6, 6: pectore voces,
,Cic. de Or. 2, 21, 88: profundit se supra modum numerus palmitum,Col. 7, 24, 4.Trop., to cast or throw away: ventis verba profundere,Lucr. 4, 931: quae si non profundere ac perdere videbor,Cic. Fam. 5, 5, 17. In partic. To throw away. In a bad sense, spend uselessly; to lavish, dissipate, squander: profundat, perdat, pereat,Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 54; Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 67, § 155: patrimonia,id. Cat. 2, 5, 10: pecunias in res,id. Off. 2, 16, 55. In a good sense, to spend, sacrifice: non modo pecuniam, sed vitam etiam profundere pro patriā,Cic. Off. 1, 24, 84. Esp., of life, to yield, give up: animam,Cic. Marc. 10, 32: si pateretur natura, vel denas animas profundere praestabat in pugnā, quam, etc.,Amm. 26, 10, 13: spiritum in acie,Val. Max. 6, 3, 3.To pour out, vent; to expend, exert, employ; to set forth, show, explain: odium in aliquem,Cic. Pis. 7, 16: omnes profudi vires animi atque ingenii mei,id. Att. 1, 18, 2: res universas,
to set forth
,
explain
,id. Ac. 2, 27, 87. With se, to pour itself forth, i. e. to rush forth, break out: voluptates cum inclusae diutius, subito se nonnumquam profundunt atque eiciunt universae,Cic. Cael. 31, 75: si totum se ille in me profudisset,
had wholly poured himself out to me
,
had been liberal
,id. Att. 7, 3, 3: in questus flebiles sese in vestibulo curiae profuderunt,Liv. 23, 20, 5. Hence, prŏ-fūsus, a, um, P. a.Lit., spread out, extended, hanging down (ante- and postclass.): cauda profusa usque ad calces,Varr. R. R. 2, 5. Comp.: equi coma et cauda profusior,
longer
,Pall. 4, 13.Trop.Lavish, extravagant, profuse (class.; cf. prodigus): perditus ac profusus nepos,Cic. Quint. 12, 40: reus,Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 7, § 20. With gen.: alieni appetens, sui profusus,
lavish of his own
,Sall. C. 5, 4. With in and abl.: simul ad jacturam temporis ventum est, profusissimi in eo, cujus unius honesta avaritia est,Sen. Brev. Vit. 3, 2. Of things abstr. and concr.: profusis sumptibus vivere,Cic. Quint. 30, 93: profusa luxuria in aedificiis,Vell. 2, 33, 4. In a good sense, liberal (poet.): mens profusa,Stat. S. 3, 1, 91: homo,Mart. 8, 38, 11.Costly, expensive: amare profusas epulas,Cic. Mur. 36, 76: convivia,Suet. Tit. 7.Immoderate, excessive, extravagant: profusa hilaritas,Cic. Tusc. 4, 7, 15: genus jocandi,id. Off. 1, 29, 103: cupido,Tac. H. 1, 52. Sup.: profusissima libido,Suet. Claud. 53. Adv.: prŏfūsē. Lit., lavishly, extravagantly, profusely (post-Aug.): aedes profuse exstructa,
at an immoderate expense
,Suet. Aug. 72. Sup.: festos et solemnes dies profusissime celebrabat,Suet. Aug. 75.Trop.In disorder, confusedly: consul obstitit profuse tendentibus suis in castra,Liv. 10, 36.Immoderately, excessively: profuse prolixeque laudare,Gell. 5, 1, 2. Comp.: eo profusius sumptui deditus erat,Sall. C. 13, 5.
,Hor. C. 4, 2, 7: scientia,Macr. S. 3, 2, 7: cum me somnus profundus in imum barathrum demergit,App. M. 2, p. 125 fin.: in profundam ruinam cupidinis se praecipitare,id. ib. 8, p. 202, 1.Deep, obscure, unknown (post-Aug.): in profundo esse,
to be unknown
,Dig. 32, 15.Subst.: prŏfun-dum, i, n., a depth, abyss (class.): in profundo veritatem penitus abstrudere,Cic. Ac. 2, 10, 32: Democritus (dixit) in profundo veritatem esse demersam,id. ib. 1, 12, 44: in profundum ultimarum miseriarum abjectus,Val. Max. 2, 10, 6: immergere aliquem miserabiliter profundo cladium,id. 2, 6, 9, ext. 7: in profundum injuriarum et turpitudinis decidere,id. 2, 9, 1, ext. 2; cf.: de profundis clamavi ad te,Vulg. Psa. 129, 1. Hence, adv.: prŏfun-dē, deeply (post-Aug.): in bibendo profundius nares mergere,Plin. 8, 42, 66, § 165; Vulg. Osee, 9, 9.
progener prō-gĕner, i, m., a granddaughter's husband: progenerum appellat avus neptis suae virum, Paul. ex Fest. p. 228 Müll.; cf.: socer dicitur uxoris meae pater: ego illius sum gener: socer magnus dicitur uxoris meae avus: ego sum illius progener. Item prosocrus mihi uxoris meae avia est: ego illius sum progener. Dig. 38, 10, 5; Suet. Aug. 19: nihil illi profuisset puer Agrippa et Tiberius progener, Sen. Ep. 21, 4; Tac. A. 6, 45; id. H. 5, 9.
progenero prō-gĕnĕro, āre, v. a., to beget, engender, generate (rare; not in Cic. or Cæs.): nec imbellem feroces Progenerant aquilae columbam,Hor. C. 4, 4, 31. Of bees: fetus,Plin. 11, 16, 16, § 46. In pass.: qui (vituli) ex his progenerantur,Varr. L. L. 9, § 28 Müll.: si res exigit, ut plurimi mares progenerandi sint,Col. 7, 3, 12; 9, 14, 4; 6: patrueles, id est qui ex duobis fratribus progenerati sunt, Gai,Inst. 3, 10. Absol.: ut progenerare possit,Col. 3, 10, 15.
progenetrix prōgĕnē^trix, v. progenitrix.
progeniculo prŏgĕnĭcŭlo, ārepro-geniculum, to fall on the knees, to beg on one's knees: progeniculo, γουνοῦμαι, Gloss. Lat. Gr.: progeniculat, γονυπετεῖ, ib.
progenies prōgĕnĭes, ēi (archaic gen. sing. progenii, Pac. ap. Gell. 9, 14, 13; and id. ap. Non. 490, 6), f.progigno, descent, lineage, race, family.Lit.: in abstracto (very rare but class.): progeniem vestram usque ab avo atque atavo proferens,Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 48: antiquitas quo propius aberat ab ortu et divinā progenie, hoc melius, etc.,Cic. Tusc. 1, 12, 26; id. Rep. 1, 24, 38: virtutem, non progeniem quaeri oportere (preceded by qui modo esset Herculis stirpe generatus),id. ib. 2, 12, 24: progeniem sed enim Trojano a sanguine duci,Verg. A. 1, 19.Transf., in concr. Descendants, posterity, offspring, progeny, a son or daughter, a child (the predom. signification of the word; syn.: proles, suboles), Epitaphs of the Scipios: veteres, qui se progeniem deorum esse dicebant,Cic. Univ. 11: Priamum tantā progenie (i.e. quinquaginta filiis) orbatum,id. Tusc. 1, 35, 85: progenies mea, Claudia,id. Cael. 14, 33; so, Sarpedon, mea progenies,Verg. A. 10, 470: Bacchum Progeniem negat esse Jovis, Ov M. 4, 3; Liv. 1, 16, 3: progenies quoque, ut Apollo ac Diana Latonae,Quint. 3, 7, 8: ex magnā progenie liberorum (preceded by ex tantā stirpe liberūm),Liv. 45, 41 fin.; cf. id. 1, 13, 2: cum se matura levabit progenies (avium),Juv. 14, 84. In plur.: duces ducumque progenies,Sen. Cons. ad Polyb. 11 (30), 4.A generation of men (eccl. Lat.): una,Lact. 2, 10, 10; Vulg. Exod. 34, 7. Of animals, offspring, young, etc., Verg. G. 1, 414; 4, 56; Col. 7, 5, 6; 7, 9, 1. Transf., of plants: vitis progenies,Col. 3, 9, 7.Trop., of poems, as offsprings of the poet's mind (poet.): stirps haec progeniesque mea est,Ov. Tr. 3, 14, 14.
progenitor prōgĕnĭtor, ōris, m.id., the founder of a family, an ancestor, progenitor (very rare; not in Cic. or Cæs.): si tui veretur te progenitoris, Att. ap. Non. 497, 2: Eurysthenes progenitor majorum suorum,Nep. Ages. 7, 4: deūm, Val. Soran. ap. Aug. Civ. Dei, 7, 11; Ov. M. 11, 319; plur., Isid. Orig. 9, 6, 22; Vulg. 2 Tim. 1, 3.
progenitrix prōgĕnī^trix (-ē^trix), īcis, f.progenitor, the foundress or general mother of a tribe or family, Isid. 9, 6, 22.
progenitus prōgĕnĭtus, a, um, Part., from progigno.
progermino prō-germĭno, āre, v. n., to shoot forth, germinate (post-Aug.): surculus progerminat,Col. 4, 10, 1; 4, 15, 3.
progero prō-gĕro, gessi, gestum, 3, v. a.To carry forth or out, to clear out, cast out (post-Aug.): defunctas (apes),Plin. 11, 18, 20, § 63: formicae ova progerentes,id. 18, 35, 88, § 364: fimum stabulis,Col. 1, 6, 22: urcei, quibus oleum progeritur,i.e.
is laded out
,id. 12, 50, 80.To carry before, bear in front (post-class.), App. M. 11, p. 264, 35: divinas effigies,id. ib. p. 265, 11.
progesto progesto, āre, v. freq. a.progero, to carry before one (post-class.): nucleos,App. M. 6, p. 185, 23.
progigno prō-gigno, gĕnŭi, gĕnĭtum, 3, v. a., to beget, bear, bring forth, produce (rare but class.): neque natus est neque progignetur,Plaut. True. 4, 1, 1: in seminibus vis inest earum rerum, quae ex iis progignuntur,Cic. Div. 1, 56, 128: illam terra parens Progenuit,Verg. A. 4, 180: te saevae progenuere ferae,Ov. H. 7, 38: sensum progignere acerbum,Lucr. 4, 670: novos motus rerum,id. 2, 81: quia nolebam ex me morem progigni malum,Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 77; v. Ritschl ad h. l.: Eurotae progignunt flumina myrtus,Cat. 64, 89.
prognare prō-gnārē, adv.gnarus, notoriously, openly: invenimus prognare significare aperte, Paul. ex Fest. p. 95 Müll.
prognariter prō-gnārĭter, adv.id., very skilfully, very expertly (ante-class.): prognariter armis Certare, Enn. ap. Non. 150, 6 (Ann. v. 215 Vahl.): age, indica prognariter,
prognatus prō-gnātus, a, um, Part. [gnatus, natus, from nascor], born, descended, sprung from some one; of children or descendants. Lit.: CORNELIVS LVCIVS SCIPIO BARBATVS GNAIVOD PATRE PROGNATVS, first Epitaph of the Scipios; SO, PROGNATVM PVBLIO, ninth Epitaph of the Scipios: corpore Tartarino (i. e. Chao) prognata Paluda virago (i. e. Minerva, Aër), Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 37 Müll. (Ann. v. 510 Vahl.): Sosiam Davo prognatum patre,Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 209: a meo patre prognatus,id. Men. 5, 9, 20: bonis prognatam,Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 65; Hor. S. 1, 6, 78; 1, 2, 70: Romulus deo prognatus,Liv. 1, 40. As subst.: prōgnātus, i, m., a child, descendant (ante-class.): parentes, Patria et prognati,
prognosis prognōsis, is, f., = πρόγνωσις. Foreknowledge, Isid. 12, 7, 19. Esp., as med. t. t., prognosis, forecast, in disease, Cael. Aur. Tard. 4, 8, 112.
prognosticon prŏgnōstĭcon or -um, i, n., = προγνωστικόν, a sign or token of the future, a prognostic; hence, prŏgnōstĭca, ōrum, n., the signs of the weather, Quint. 5, 9, 15. Also as the title of Cicero's translation of the Προγνωστικά of Aratus, Cic. Div. 1, 8, 13; v. the fragments, id. Op. v. XI. p. 96 sqq. B. and K.
programma prŏgramma, ătis, n., = πρόγραμμα, a proclamation, an edict, manifesto (postclass.), Vulc. Avid. Cassiod. 6; Cod. Just. 1, 14, 3; Inscr. Fabr. p. 529, n. 382.
,Cic. de Or. 3, 30, 119: procedere et progredi in virtute,id. Fin. 4, 23, 64: cum autem progrediens confirmatur animus, agnoscit ille quidem naturae vim, sed ita ut progredi possit longius, id. ib. 5, 15, 43; so, longius progredi,
to go on
,id. Phil. 2, 4, 9: quoad progredi potuerit feri hominis amentia,id. ib. 11, 3, 6: videamus, quatenus amor in amicitiā progredi debeat,id. Lael. 11, 36: divinatio conjecturā nititur, ultra quam progredi non potest,id. Div. 1, 14, 24: progredientibus aetatibus,id. Fin. 5, 15, 41: paulum aetate progressus,
advanced in age
,
become older
,id. Sen. 10, 33: in adulationem progressus,Tac. A. 3, 47: quo amentiae progressi sunt,Liv. 28, 27: paulum aliquid ultra primas litteras progressi,Quint. 1, 1, 8; cf.: incipientibus aut paulum progressis,id. 11, 3, 149. Hence, prōgressus, a, um, P. a., advanced: progressā aetate,Suet. Claud. 2. Comp.: ut progressior reverteretur anima,Tert. Anim. 31: progressioris aetatis sum,Vulg. Josh. 23, 2. Act. collat. form, prōgrĕdĭo, īre, to go forward, etc. (ante-class.): age, move te, in navem primus progredi, Nov. ap. Non. 473, 27.
progressio prōgressĭo, ōnis, f.progredior, a going forth or forward, progression; trop., advancement, progress, growth, increase (a favorite word with Cicero). In gen.: omnium rerum principia parva sunt, sed suis progressionibus usa augentur,Cic. Fin. 5, 21, 58; cf. id. Ac. 1, 5, 20: progressionem, virtutem persequi,id. Fin. 4, 7, 17: progressio admirabilis ad omnem excellentiam,id. Tusc. 4, 1, 1: progressionem facere ad virtutem,id. Fin. 4, 24, 66: discendi,id. Off. 3, 3, 14. In partic., a figure of speech, a progression, climax, i. e. a progressive strengthening of expressions, Cic. de Or. 3, 54, 206; Quint. 9, 1, 33.
progressor prōgressor, ōris, m.id., one that goes forward, advances (late Lat.), Aug. Mus. 6, 6.
progressus prōgressus, a, um, Part. and P.a., from progredior.
progressus prōgressus, ūs, m.progredior, a going forward, advance, progress (class.). Lit.: (Antonium) Brutus progressu arcuit,Cic. Phil. 11, 2, 4. Of the planets: progressus et regressus constantes,Cic. N. D. 2, 20, 51: progressum praecipitem, inconstantem reditum videt,id. Att. 2, 21, 3. Transf., concr., a jetty, pier, mole, Vitr. 5, 12, 2.Trop.Advancement, progress, growth, increase, etc.: aetatis,Cic. Phil. 5, 17, 47: primo progressu, at the first outset, i. e. at the very commencement, id. Ac. 2, 28, 92: in studiis progressus facere,id. Tusc. 4, 19, 44; cf.: progressus habere in Stoicis,id. N. D. 1, 6, 15: tantum progressum facere,Nep. Cat. 3, 2. In partic., course, progress, of events: homo causas rerum videt, earumque progressus et quasi antecessiones non ignorat,Cic. Off. 1, 4, 11.
progubernator prō-gŭbernātor, ōris, m., an under-pilot, Caecil. ap. Non. 536, 11.
progymnastes prŏgymnastes, ae, m., = προγυμναστής, a slave who performs gymnastic exercises before his master, Sen. Ep. 83, 4.
proh proh, interj., v. 2. pro.
prohibeo prŏ-hĭbĕo, ŭi, ĭtum, 2 (old forms, prohibessis, Cato, R. R. 141, 2; Enn. ap. Prob. ad Verg. E. 6, 31 (Trag. v. 323 Vahl.): prohibessit,Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 11: prohibessint,Cic. Leg. 3, 3 fin.), v. a.habeo, to hold in front, i. e., To hold back, keep in check, to restrain, hinder, prevent, avert, keep or ward off, debar (class.; cf.: inhibeo, arceo). In gen.; usually constr. aliquem or aliquid, with abl.; alone or ab and abl.; with ut, ne, quominus, or an obj.-clause; also with simple acc.; less freq. with de, the dat., or gen. With ab: quo illum ab illā prohibeas,Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 103: prohibete a vobis vim meam,id. Capt. 4, 2, 24: praedones procul ab insulā Siciliā,Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 64, § 144: hostem a pugnā,Caes. B. G. 4, 34: aliquem a familiaritate, congressione, patrio jure et potestate,Cic. Phil. 2, 18, 46: vim hostium ab oppidis,Caes. B. G. 1, 11: se suosque ab injuriā,
to restrain themselves
,
refrain from
,id. ib. 2, 28fin.: ita prohibendo a delictis magis quam vindicando exercitum brevi confirmavit,Sall. J. 45, 3; 22, 4. With de: vim de classe, Lucil. ap. Non 528, 10. With abl.: cum suis finibus eos prohibent,Caes. B. G. 1, 1: itinere exercitum,
to impede its march
,id. ib. 1, 10: hostem rapinis, pabulationibus populationibusque,id. ib. 1, 15. With abl. without an object: non prohibere aquā profluente, Cic. Off. 1, 16, 52. With dat.: aliquem alicui,
to withhold from one
,Plaut. Curc. 5, 2, 7; cf.: aditum alicui, Auct. B. Afr. 31: captae prohibere nequiret Cum Poenos aquilae,
could not prevent the Carthaginians from capturing the standard
,Sil. 6, 27 (but the gen., Cic. Cat. 2, 12, 26; Caes. B. C. 3, 44, depends on the acc. object of prohibere; v. 7 infra). With ut, ne, quominus; rarely with quin: dii prohibeant, ut, etc.,Cic. Rosc. Am. 52, 151: qui tu id prohibere me potes, ne suspicer,Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 50 Brix ad loc.: quod potuisti prohibere, ne fieret,Cic. Div. in Caecil. 10, 33: ne lustrum perficeret, mors prohibuit P. Furi,Liv. 24, 43, 4: hiemem credo adhuc prohibuisse, quo minus, etc.,Cic. Fam. 12, 5, 1: prohibere quominus sumerent, non poterant,Hirt. B. G. 8, 34: si prohibere, quominus in unum coirent, non posset,Liv. 25, 35, 6: nec, quin erumperet, ubi vellet, prohiberi poterat,id. 26, 40, 4. With obj.-clause: qui peregrinos urbibus uti prohibent,Cic. Off. 3, 11, 47: qui Bibulum exire domo prohibuissent,id. Fam. 1, 9, 7: jam se ad prohibenda circumdari opera Aequi parabant,Liv. 3, 28, 7: prohibuit migrari, Veios,id. 5, 49, 8: prohibete jus de pecuniis dici,id. 6, 18, 14; 6, 20, 6: audeat Canuleius proloqui, se delectum haberi prohibiturum,Liv. 4, 2, 12; 25, 4, 4; 25, 14, 7: qui Cimbros intra fines suos ingredi prohibuerint,Caes. B. G. 2, 4; Verg. A. 6, 606. With simple acc.: Mars pater, ut tu morbos visos invisosque, viduertatem vastitudinemque ... prohibessis, defendas averruncesque, an old formula of prayer in Cato, R. R. 141: neque munitiones Caesaris prohibere poterat,Caes. B. G. 3, 44: motus conatusque alicujus prohibere,Cic. Cat. 2, 12, 26: prohibenda maxime est ira in puniendo,id. Off. 1, 25, 89: quod uti prohibitum irem, quod in me esset, meo labori non parsi, Cato ap. Fest. s. v. parsi, p. 242 Müll.: prohibere comitia dicitur vitiare diem morbo,Fest. p. 236 ib.; Cato ap. Fest. l. l.: quod di prohibeant, which may the gods forbid or avert, Ter. And. 3, 3, 36; and in the same sense: dii mala prohibeant,id. Hec. 2, 1, 10; cf.: di, prohibete minas; di, talem avertite casum,Verg. A. 3, 265; and: deos quaeso, ut istaec prohibeant,Ter. Ad. 2, 4, 11. In partic., to forbid, prohibit a thing (syn.: interdico, veto): tu modo ne me prohibeas accipere, siquid det mihi,Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 89: nemo hic prohibet nec vetat,id. Curc. 1, 1, 33: lex recta imperans prohibensque contraria,Cic. N. D. 1, 14, 36: sed dii et homines prohibuere redemptos vivere Romanos,Liv. 5, 49, 1; Quint. 5, 10, 104; cf.: Athenis affectus movere per praeconem prohibebatur orator,
the orator was forbidden
,id. 6, 1, 7: prohibitis abstinere,Sen. Ep. 83, 18.To keep away from a thing for the sake of safety (cf. defendo, II.), to keep, preserve, defend, protect (rare but class.); with ab: a quo periculo prohibete rem publicam,Cic. Imp. Pomp. 7, 19: adultam virginem ab armatorum impetu,id. Brut. 96, 330. With abl.: haec damna multa mulierum Me uxore prohibent,
,Caes. B. C. 2, 32, 8: Deum,Vulg. 1 Reg. 10, 19. With se, to rush into any thing: si qui se in hoc judicium forte projecerint,Cic. Cael. 9, 22. In partic. To rush into danger: epistulae tuae monent et rogant, ne me proiciam,Cic. Att. 9, 6, 5: non integrā re, sed certe minus infractā, quam si una projeceris te,id. ib. 9, 10, 8; cf.: in miserias projectus sum,Sall. J. 14, 21.To degrade one's self: se in muliebres et inutiles fletus,Liv. 25, 37, 10.To obtrude itself: quae libido non se proripiet ac proiciet occultatione propositā,Cic. Fin. 2, 22, 73.To put off as to time, to defer, delay (post-Aug.): quantum odii fore ab iis qui ultra quinquennium proiciantur,Tac. A. 2, 36. Hence, prōjectus, a, um, P. a.Lit., stretched out, extended, jutting out, projecting: urbs projecta in altum,Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 10, § 21: projecta saxa,Verg. A. 3, 699: ova,Liv. 22, 20; and: insula a septentrione in meridiem projecta,Plin. 3, 6, 12, § 80: ventre projecto,
projecting
,
prominent
,Suet. Ner. 51; cf. in comp.: ventre paulo projectiore,id. Tit. 3. Hence, Subst.: prō-jectum, i, n., a jutty, projection, projecture in a building, Dig. 50, 16, 242; 43, 17, 6; 43, 24, 22.Trop.Prominent, manifest: projecta atque eminens audacia,Cic. Clu. 65, 183; id. Rep. 3, 7, 11 (from Non. 373, 25): cupiditas,id. Dom. 44, 115.Inclined, addicted to any thing, immoderate in any thing: homo ad audendum projectus,Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 1, § 2: homines in verba projecti,Gell. 1, 15, 20: in libidinem, Just. 41, 3, 9. Sup.: projectissima ad libidinem gens,Tac. H. 5, 5.Thrown away; hence, abject, mean, base, contemptible, = abjectus, contemptus: non esse projectum consulare imperium,Liv. 2, 27: projecta patientia,Tac. A. 3, 65 fin.: projectā vilior algā,Verg. E. 7, 42. Comp.: quid esse vobis aestimem projectius? Prud. στεφ. 10, 153.Downcast: vultus projectus et degener,Tac. H. 3, 65. Hence, adv.: prō-jectē, carelessly, indifferently (post-class.): Tert. Pud. 13.
proiecte prōjectē, adv., v. proicio, P. a. fin.
proiecticius prōjectīcĭus or -tĭus, a, um, adj.proicio, cast out, exposed (ante- and postclass.). Lit.: puella,Plaut. Cist. 1, 3, 43; cf. Argum. Cist. 8.Trop.: Palladius projecticius,
rejected
,
despised
,Amm. 28, 6, 26.
proiectio prōjectĭo, ōnis, f.id., a throwing forward, a stretching out.Lit.: brachii, i e. extension (opp. contractio), Cic. Or. 18, 59: projectiones aquae, jets, Fest. s. v. tullios, p. 352 Müll.Transf., concr., like projectura, a projection, in buildings; also,
proiecto prōjecto, āre, v. freq. a.id.. Lit., to drive forth, drive out (post-class.): homines in aperta pericula,Amm. 14, 5, 7.Trop., to reproach, accuse (ante-class.): aliquem probris,Plaut. Bacch. 3, 6, 38: ego projector quod tu peccas, Enn. ap. Rufin. Figur. Sent. p. 222 Ruhnk.
proiectorius prōjectōrĭus, a, um, adj.id., ejecting, detergent (in later medicine): vis, Theod.Prisc. Diaet. 5: herba projectoriae virtutis,Aem. Mac. 4, 1.
proiectura prōjectūra, ae, f.proicio, a jutty, projecture in buildings, Vitr. 3, 2; 3.
proiectus prōjectus, a, um, Part. and P. a., from proicio.
proinde prŏ-indē (abbrev. proin, like dein for deinde; usually monosyl.,Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 155; id. Capt. prol. 63; 3, 4, 20 et saep.; Ter. And. 2, 4, 5; id. Eun. 1, 1, 11; id. Heaut. 1, 2, 3; dissyl.,Cat. 20, 16), adv.Just so, in the same manner, in like manner, equally, just, even; usually with a foll. atque (ac), quasi, or ut, rarely quam: tibi nunc, proinde ac merere, summas habeo gratias,Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 33; cf. Cic. Tusc. 5, 2, 6; and: Scipiades ... Ossa dedit terrae, proinde ac famul infimus esset,Lucr. 3, 1035; so, proinde atque (ac) si, Lex Rubr. lin. 17, ap. Haubold, Monum. Leg. p. 146; cf.: quā de re quoniam nihil ad me scribis, proinde habebo ac si scripsisses nihil esse,
prolabor prō-lābor, lapsus, 3, v. n., to glide forward, to slide or slip along, to fall down (class.; in Cic. most freq. in a trop. sense). Lit.: at Canis ad caudam serpens prolabitur Argo, Cic. poët. N. D. 2, 44, 114; Prop. 1, 20, 47: ruit prolapsa moles, of the sea, Att. ap. Cic. N. D. 2, 35, 89: collapsus pons, usque alterius initium pontis prolabi eum leniter cogebat: alii elephanti pedibus insistentes, alii clunibus subsidentes prolabebantur,
to slide along ... slide forward
,Liv. 44, 5 sqq.: velut si prolapsus cecidisset, terram osculo contigit. id. 1, 56: equus prolapsum per caput regem effudit,
,Verg. A. 2, 555: Laodicea tremore terrae prolapsa,Tac. A. 14, 27.Trop.To go forward, go on, to proceed or come to, fall into any thing: me longius prolapsum esse, quam ratio vestri judicii postularit, have gone farther, i. e. have said more, Cic. Caecin. 35, 101: libenter ad istam orationem tecum prolaberer,
prolapsio prōlapsĭo, ōnis, f.prolabor. A slipping, falling: ingredi sine casu aut prolapsione,Cic. Cael. 17, 41.A falling or tumbling down: aedificiorum prolapsiones,Suet. Aug. 30.Trop., an error, misstep (late Lat.): intempestiva temeritas et prolapsio,Amm. 20, 4, 15; Ambros. de Noë, 14, 49; id. Bon. Mort. 10, 47.
prolecto prōlecto, āvi, ātum, 1, v. freq. a.id., to allure or entice forth (cf.: illicio, invito). Lit. (post-class.): lacrimae redeunt, prolectante gaudio,App. M. 5, p. 162, 8: mox prolectante studio,id. ib. 5, p. 159; 11, p. 259, 33: aviculae prolectatae verno vapore,id. ib. 11, p. 260, 21.Transf., to allure, entice, incite (rare but class.): egentes spe largitionis, * Cic. Fl. 8, 18: praeda puellares animos prolectat,Ov. F. 4, 433: sensus legentium,Vitr. 5 praef.: aliquam veneficiis ad nuptias,App. Mag. p. 331, 28: nuptialis gratiae nomine prolectatus,Mart. Cap. 8, § 804.To provoke: etiamne ultro tuis me prolectas probris?Plaut. Bacch. 3, 6, 38.
prolegatus prō-lēgātus, i, m., a lieutenant-governor's substitute, a prolegate, Inscr. Maff. Mus. Veron. 119, 6; Inscr. Don. 137, 1.
prolepos pro-lĕpos, ōris, m., a substitute for agreeableness, Not. Tir. p. 80.
prolepsis prŏlepsis, is, f., = πρόληψις, in rhetoric, a mentioning a thing by a name which it has not yet received, anticipation, prolepsis (pure Lat. occupatio), Diom. p. 438 and 439 P.; or an allusion to a thing as having happened before it has actually come to pass,
an anachronism
,Ascon. ad Cic. Verr. 1, 45 fin.; or a refuting of an objection by anticipation (written as Greek),Quint. 4, 1, 49; 9, 2, 16.
proles prōles, is (gen. plur. prolum, Mart. Cap. 3, § 301), f.pro and root al- of alo, to nourish, whence olesco in ad-olesco, etc.; cf.: suboles, indoles. Lit., that which grows forth; esp. of human beings, offspring, progeny, child, descendant; and collect., descendants, race, progeny, posterity (mostly poet.; but cf.: nec fugerim dicere prolem, aut subolem aut effari, etc.,Cic. de Or. 3, 38, 153; cf. Quint. 8, 3, 26, and v.in the foll. the passages from Cic.; syn. progenies). Poet.: propagando procudere prolem,
,Verg. G. 2, 3; cf.: naturae contenta manu Zephyrique favore Parturit (tellus), et tantā natorum prole superbit, Alan. Anti-Claud. 1, 79. In plur.: privignasque rogat proles, Col. poët. 10, 163.Transf.Youth, young men, Cic. Leg. 3, 3, 7: sternitur Arcadiae proles,Verg. A. 10, 429.The testicles (post-class.): polimina sunt ea, quae nos proles verecundius dicimus,Arn. 7, 230; 5, 172.
proletaneus prōlētāneus, i, m., i. q. proletarius, q. v.
proletarius prōlētārĭus, ĭi, m.proles. According to a division of the people by Servius Tullius, a citizen of the lowest class, who served the State not with his property, but only with his children (proles), a proletary: qui aut non plus mille quingentum aeris aut omnino nihil in suum censum praeter caput attulissent, proletarios nominavit, ut ex iis quasi proles [id est quasi progenies] civitatis exspectari videretur,Cic. Rep. 2, 22, 40; cf Liv. 1, 43; Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 16, 10, 1; Enn. ib. (Ann. v. 189 Vahl.): proletarios lucrari plures,Amm. 19, 11, 7: proletarium capite censum, dictum quod ex his civitas constet, quasi proles progenie: iidem et proletanei,Fest. p. 228 Müll.Transf., adj., low, common: sermo,Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 157.
prolevo prō-lĕvo, āre, v. a., to draw forth, trop.: aliquem peccatorum fluctibus mersum,Tert. Poen. 4.
proliceo prō-lĭcĕo, cui, 2, v. n.liqueo, to run or flow forth: prolicere, emanare, effluere. Varro: demum ubi prolicuit dulcis unda, Gloss. Isid.
prolicio prō-lĭcĭo, lixi (Not. Tir. p. 149), 3, v. a.lacio, to allure or entice forth, to entice, incite (poet. and in post - Aug. prose): ejus amos cupidam me huc prolicit per tenebras,Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 2: voluptas tardā prolicienda morā,Ov. A. A. 2, 718: aliquem ad spem,Tac. A. 3, 73 fin.
prolicito prolicito, āre, v. ‡ procitare.
prolimen prō-līmen, ĭnis, n., a space before the threshold, Hier. in Ezech. 12, 40, 8
proliquatus prō-lĭquātus, a, um, Part. [liquo], liquefied, liquid, App. Mag. p. 283, 39.
prolixe prōlixē, adv., v. prolixus fin.
prolixitas prōlixĭtas, ātis, f.prolixus. Great length, breadth, or width, great extension (post-class.): terrae, App. de Mundo, p. 60, 21: colubra prolixitatis immensae,Arn. 7, 250: temporis,
length of time
,Dig. 36, 1, 22. Of speech, prolixity: ne forte prolixitas fastidium audientiae pariat,Arn. 4, 138: litterarum,Symm. Ep. 2, 8.
,App. M. 8, p. 205, 15. In partic. in speech, prolix (post-class.): cujus exemplum, ne sim prolixus, omisi,Macr. S. 3, 7 fin.Comprehensive in meaning (post-class.): existimo longe esse amplius, prolixius, fusius in significandā totius prope civitatis multitudine mortales quam homines dixisse,Gell. 13, 28, 3 Of circumstances, favorable, fortunate (class.): rebus secundis atque prolixis atque prosperis, Cato ap. Gell. 7, 3, 14: cetera spero prolixa esse his duntaxat,Cic. Att. 1, 1, 2. Of disposition and conduct, well-disposed, obliging, courteous (Ciceron.): prolixa beneficaque natura,Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 8: animus libens et prolixus,id. Att. 16, 16, C, 4: Ariobarzanes in Pompeium prolixior,id. ib. 6, 3, 5. Hence, adv.: prō-lixē, largely, abundantly, copiously (class.): capillus passus prolixe et circum caput Rejectus neglegenter,Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 49 Fleck. (Umpfenb. passus prolixus): prolixe cumulateque facere aliquid,Cic. Fl. 36, 89: prolixe et celeriter facere aliquid,id. Att. 16, 16, A, § 6: prolixe fuseque laudare,Gell. 5, 1, 2: promittere,Cic. Fam. 7, 5, 1: in quo (delectu) parum prolixe respondent Campani coloni,
prologium prŏlŏgĭum, ĭi, n., = προλόγιον, a preface, introduction: prologium, principium, proloquium. Pacuvius: quid est? nam me exanimasti prologio tuo, Paul. ex Fest. p 226 Müll.
prologus prolŏgus, i, m., = πρόλογος. Lit., a preface or introduction to a play, a prologue, Ter. Phorm. prol. 14: in prologis scribundis operā abutitur,id. And. prol. 5: in Hydriae (Menandri) prologo,Quint. 11, 3, 91: in prologo Adelphorum,Suet. Vit. Ter. 2.Transf., the player who delivers the prologue: oratorem esse voluit me, non prologum,Ter. Heaut. prol. 11; id. Hec. prol. alt. 1 (prō-, v. Wagn. ad Ter. Heaut. prol. 11).
proloquium prōlŏquĭum, ĭi, n.proloquor. * An introduction, preamble, Paul. ex Fest. p. 226 Müll.; v. prologium.An assertion, proposition, axiom (class. Lat. pronunciatum), the Gr. ἀξίωμα, Varr. ap. Gell. 16, 8, 1; cf. App. Dogm. Plat. 3, p. 29, 15: disjunctivum,Gell. 5, 11, 9.A judicial sentence: sub uno proloquio cunctos jubet occidi,Amm. 29, 1, 38; 28, 1, 11.
proloquor prō-lŏquor, cūtus (quūtus), 3, v. dep. n. and a. In gen., to speak out, utter, declare, say (mostly ante-class. and poet.; not found in Cic., Cæs., or Quint.): prolocutum (dicimus), cum animo quod habuit, extulit loquendo,Varr. L. L. 6, § 56 Müll.: hoc profiteri et proloqui advorsum illam, Enn. ap. Non. 232, 24 (Trag. v. 384 Vahl.): miserias Medeai caelo atque terrae, id. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 26, 63 (Trag. v. 291 Vahl.): cogitata,Ter. Phorm. 2, 1, 53: verbum,id. And. 1, 5, 21; cf.: proloqui quicquam verborum,Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 92: aliquid apud aliquem,id. Capt. prol. 6; so, apud aliquem,id. Ep. 3, 4, 28: vera,id. Aul. 2, 1, 18: falsum,id. ib. 3, 5, 45: pervagatissimus ille versus, qui vetat Artem pudere proloqui quam factites,Cic. Or. 43, 147: nunc quam rem oratum huc veni, primum proloquar,Plaut. Am. prol. 50; so with interrog.-clause: quid sentiatis proloquimini, Auct. B. Afr. 44 fin.; with acc. and inf., Liv. 4, 2, 13. Absol.: ut occepisti, perge porro proloqui,Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 125. In partic., to foretell, predict: proloquar, atque utinam patriae sim vanus haruspex,Prop. 3, 13 (4, 12), 59.
proloquutor prōlŏquūtor, ōris, v. prolocutor.
proloquutus prōlŏquūtus, a, um, Part., from proloquor.
prolubido prō-lŭbīdo, ĭnis, f., will, desire, inclination: prolubium (al. prolubiem) et prolubidinem dici ab eo quod lubeat, Varr. ap. Non. 64, 13.
prolubium prō-lŭbĭum, ĭi, n.lubet. Subject.,will, desire, inclination (ante- and post-class.): muliebre ingenium, prolubium, occasio, Att. ap. Non. 64, 8; Novat. and Laber. ib. 10 and 12; Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 28; Gell. 16, 19, 12. Object., pleasure (postclass.): majus,Gell. 5, 10, 12: libidinis,App. M. 10, p. 249, 4.
proludium prōlūdĭum, ĭi, n.proludo, preliminary exercise, training (late Lat.): cum quasi in proludiis negotium spectaretur,Amm. 28, 1, 10: cotidiana proludia exercitūs,id. 14, 11, 3: disciplinae castrensis,id. 16, 5, 10.
proludo prō-lūdo, si, sum, 3, v. n., to play or practise beforehand, to prelude.Lit.: et sparsā ad pugnam proludit harenā,Verg. G. 3, 234. Absol.: sic ubi prolusit, etc.,Ov. A. A. 3, 515; Flor. 3, 22, 6.Trop.: sententiis, quibus proluserint, which served them for previous exercise, * Cic. de Or. 2, 80, 325: jurgia proludunt,Juv. 5, 26: per has mortalis aevi moras illi meliori vitae longiorique proluditur,Sen. Ep. 102, 23: cum per ista prolusum est, crescunt maria,id. Q. N. 3, 28, 3: prima per legatos habita certamina, cum hinc Domitius et Thorius, inde Hirtulei proluderent,
prolugeo prō-lūgĕo, ēre, v. n., to mourn greatly: prolugere dicuntur qui solito diutius lugent, Paul. ex Fest. p. 226 Müll.
proluo prō-lŭo, lŭi, lūtum, 3, v. a., to wash forth or out, to cast out (mostly poet. and in postAug. prose; not found in Cic.; once in Cæs.; v.infra). Lit.: genus omne natantum Litore in extremo ... fluctus Proluit,Verg. G. 3, 543; ventrem,i. e.
,Sil. 15, 304: cruor proluit pectora,Stat. Th. 8, 711. Poet., of drinking: leni praecordia mulso Prolueris melius,Hor. S. 2, 4, 26: se pleno auro,Verg. A. 1, 739; multā prolutus vappā,Hor. S. 1, 5, 16: nec fonte labra prolui caballino,Pers. prol. 1. In comic lang.: cloacam (i. e. ventrem), to wash out the stomach, i. e. to drink one's fill, Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 29.To overflow, inundate (postclass.): prolutas esse regiones imbribus, App. de Mundo, p. 73, 26.
proluvies prōlŭvĭes, ēi, f.proluo, an overflow, inundation (class.): Romae et maxime Appia ad Martis mira proluvies,Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 7, 1 (Bait.); Lucr. 5, 950: alvi,i. e.
proluvio prōlŭvĭo, ōnis, f.id., an inundation, App. de Mundo, p. 73, 33.
proluviosus prōlŭvĭōsus, a, um, adj.proluvio, overflowing: pestis, i. e. spreading in all directions, Auct. ap. Fulg. p. 564, 13.
proluvium prōlŭvĭum, i, n.prolus, an overflow; trop., an excess, abundance: castitatis,Ambros. Virg. 1, 4, 18; cf.: proluvium, profusio,Non. p. 373; Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 28 (Umpfenb. and Fleck. prolubium); id. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 3, 217.
prolytae prŏlytae, ārum, m., = προλύται, jurists who, after studying five years, were dismissed by their instructors with credit, Dig. praef. § 5.
promagister prō-măgister, tri, m., one who presides, rules, etc., in the place of another, a vice-president, vicegerent, vice-director (in class. Lat. pro magistro), Inscr. Fabr. p. 442, 49; Inscr Grut. 426, 5; 607, 1 al.
promagisterium prōmăgistĕrĭum, ĭi, n.pro-ma gister, the office of a promagister, a vicepresidency, lieutenancy, etc., Inscr. Grut. 173, 5.
promagistratus prō-măgistrātus, ūs, m., administration by a substitute or deputy, S. C. de Bacchan.; Inscr. Grut. 629 fin.; Inscr. Murat. 582, 1.
promereo prō-mĕrĕo, ŭi, ĭtum, 2, v. a., and prō-mĕrĕor, ĭtus, 2, v. dep. a.To deserve, be deserving of, merit, in a good or bad sense (class.) In gen.: retineri nequeo, quin dicam ea, quae promeres,Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 15; id. Am. 5, 2, 12: quid mali sum promeritus,id. ib. 2, 1, 20: ita velim me promerentem ames,Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 47: reus levius punitus quam sit ille promeritus,Cic. Inv 2, 28, 83: poenam,Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 63. In a good sense: promeruisti, ut ne quid ores, quin impetres,Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 41: promerenti optime hoccine pretii redditur,id. As. 1, 2, 2; deorum indulgentiam,Plin. Pan. 74, 5: amorem,Suet. Calig. 3: omnium voluntatem,id. Tit. 1 dies qui primus videre Promeruit nasci mundum, Sedul. 5, 318. Esp., to deserve of one any thing (good or bad); constr. usu. with de or absol., rarely with acc.: numquam referre gratiam possum satis, proinde ut tu promeritus de me,Plaut. Capt. 5, 1, 12: paratiores erunt ad bene de multis promerendum,Cic. Off 2, 15, 53.Transf., to acquire, gain, earn, get, win homines tenues unum habent in nostrum ordinem aut promerendi aut proferendi beneficii losum, Cic. Mur. 34, 70 socios, Suet. Aug. 3: principem,Plin. Pan. 62: ego te numquam negabo Promeritam,Verg. A. 4, 335: per hostias deos laevos,i. e.
to render favorable
,
to propitiate
,Arn. 7, 229; cf. pass.: talibus enim hostiis promeretur Deus,
is won
,
conciliated
,Vulg. Heb. 13, 6. Hence, prō-mĕrĭtum, i, n, desert (good or evil), merit. In good sense, Pac. ap. Non. 307, 10 (Trag. Rel. p. 79 Rib.); Lucr 2, 651; Cic. Red. ad Quir. 4, 8; Ov. F 4, 394. In bad sense, Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 49; Auct. B. Afr. 90.
Prometheus Prŏmētheus (trisyl.), ĕi and ĕos, m., =Προμηθεύς (the Forethinker), a son of Iapetus and Clymene, brother of Epimetheus, and father of Deucalion. He formed men of clay, and animated them by means of fire brought from heaven; for which he was fastened to Caucasus, where a vulture, or, as some say, an eagle, fed upon his entrails, until, at last, it was slain by Hercules,Cic. Tusc. 3, 31, 76; Auct. Her. 4, 6, 9; Hor. C. 1, 16, 13; Ov. M. 1, 82; Hyg. Fab. 54; 144; Verg. E. 6, 42; Prop. 3, 3, 29 (4, 4, 7); Mart. 11, 85, 9; Stat. Th. 11, 478; Lact. 2, 10, 5. Poet., transf., of a skilful potter, Juv. 4, 133. Hence, Prŏmēthēus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Prometheus, Promethean: juga,i. e.
promico prō-mĭco, āre, v. n. and a.Neutr., to gleam forth; transf., to spring forth, start forth (post-class.): promicant molles plumulae,i. e.
grow out
,App. M. 3, p. 138, 30: rosae,id. ib. 10, p. 253, 9: lacrimae, burst or gush forth, id. ib. 3, p. 133, 40.Act., to throw out, deliver with vehemence: orationem, Naev. ap. Non. 65, 6 (promicare extendere et porro jacere, Non.).
prominens prōmĭnens, entis, Part. and P. a., from promineo.
prominenter prōmĭnenter, adv., v. promineo, P. a. fin.
prominentia prōmĭnentĭa, ae, f.prominens, a jutting out, projection, prominence (postAug.): ita uti summam habeant prominentiam (anterides), Vitr. 6, 11; praecordiorum,Cael. Aur. Acut. 3, 5, 50; in plur. of promontories, Sol. 27, 1.
promineo prō-mīnĕo, ŭi, 2, v. n., to stand or jut out, be prominent, to overhang, project (not in Cic.; cf. Moser ad Cic. Rep. 3, 7, p. 352ext.; syn.: exsto, emineo). Lit.: Phaselis prominet penitus in altum,Liv. 37, 23: collis prominens,id. 27, 48: in pontum,Ov. M. 13, 778: coma prominet in vultus,id. ib. 13, 845: ante frontem,Plin. 8, 32, 50, § 176: ursis ungues prominent,id. 8, 36, 54, § 126: qui (dentes elephantorum) prominent,id. 11, 37, 62, § 165: nemorum coma gelido prominet Algido, Hor C. 1, 21, 6: cum promineret ore, quantum, etc.,id. Epod. 5, 35; Val. Fl. 7, 30: matres familiae pectore nudo prominentes, bending forward, * Caes. B. G. 7, 47, 5.Trop., to reach out, extend to any thing, come forth: quae (justitia) nec sibi tantum conciliata sit nec occulta, sed foras tota promineat,Cic. Rep. 3, 7, 10: maxima pars ejus (gloriae) in memoriam ac posteritatem promineat,Liv. 28, 43, 5. Hence, prōmĭnens, entis, P. a., prominent: oculi,Plin. 11, 37, 53, § 141: figurae signorum, Vitr 6, 2. Comp.: prominentiore caudā,Plin. 10, 3, 3, § 7. Subst.: prōmĭnens, entis, n., a prominent part: in prominenti litoris,Tac. A. 1, 53. Plur.: prominentia montium,Tac. A. 2, 16. Adv.: prōmĭnenter, in a prominent manner. Comp.: prominentius a lecto,Cael. Aur. Acut. 1, 11, 90; id. Tard. 2, 4, 73.
promino prō-mĭno, āre, v. a., to drive forward or along: jumenta ad lacum bibendi causā,App. M. 9, p. 229, 24.
prominulus prōmĭnŭlus, a, um, adj.promineo, projecting a little, rather prominent (postclass.): venter,Capitol. Pert. 12: mammae,Sol. 27 fin.: labra,Mart. Cap. 3, § 261.
promiscam prōmiscam, prōmiscē, and prō-miscŭē, advv., v. promiscuus fin., A., B., and C.
promiscus prōmiscus, a, um, v. promiscuus init.
promiscuus prō-miscŭus (collat. form prōmis-cŭs, Gell. 11, 16, 8; 16, 13, 4; Liv. 5, 13, 7; prob. also ante-class.; v. below the adv. promiscam), a, um, adj.misceo. Lit., mixed, not separate or distinct, without distinction, in common, indiscriminate, promiscuous (as adj. not in Cic. or Cæs.): opera promiscua,Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 138: conubia, i. e. between patricians and plebeians, Liv 4, 2; cf.: consulatum promiscuum patribus ac plebi facere,id. 7, 21. multitudo, of patricians and plebeians, Tac. A. 12, 7: vulgus,Vulg. Exod. 12, 38: promiscua omnium generum caedes,Liv. 2, 30 fin.: sepultura,Tac. A. 16, 16 fin.: jus,id. ib. 4, 16: spectaculum,
to which all are admitted without distinction
,id. ib. 14, 14: divina atque humana promiscua habere,Sall. C. 12, 2: privatae et promiscuae copiae,
common
,
general
,
public
,Tac. H. 1, 66: promiscuos feminarum concubitus permittere,Just. 3, 4, 5. With object-clause: muta ista et inanima (sc. tecta) intercidere ac reparari promiscua sunt,
may be destroyed and restored again
,Tac. H. 1, 84 fin. In neutr. absol.: in promiscuo licentiam atque improbitatem esse voluit,
,Tac. G. 44. In partic., in gram., epicene: promiscuum nomen, i. e. epicoenum,Quint. 1, 4, 24.Transf., common, usual (very rare and not ante-Aug.): promiscua ac vilia mercari,Tac. G. 5 fin.: varia promiscaque cogitatio,Gell. 11, 16, 8 (al. promiscua): opinionis tam promiscae errores,id. 16, 13, 4. Hence, adv., in three forms. Form prōmiscam (acc. form from promiscus), in common, indiscriminately, promiscuously (ante-class.): promiscam dicebant pro promiscue, Paul. ex Fest. p. 224 Müll.: ut meā laetitiā laetus promiscam siet,Plaut. Ps. 4, 5, 11: cetera promiscam voluit communia haberi, Varr. ap. Non. 361, 25. Form prōmiscē, in common, indiscriminately, indifferently (post-class.), Cic. de Or. 3, 19, 72 B. and K.; Cic. Font. 6, 12; Liv. 3, 47, 5 Weissenb.: indistincte atque promisce annotare, Gell. praef. § 2; 7, 3, 52: promisce atque indefinite largiri,id. 2, 24, 7: verbo uti,id. 10, 21, 2. Form prōmiscŭē (the class. form), in common, promiscuously: (mares et feminae) promiscue in fluminibus perluuntur, * Caes. B. G. 6, 21 fin.: promiscue puberes atque negotiatores interficere,Sall. J. 26, 3: promiscue toto quam proprie parvā frui parte (Campi Martii) malletis,Cic. Agr. 2, 31, 85; id. Font. 6, 22; Liv. 5, 55; Plin. 11, 37, 47, § 130 al.
promissio prōmissĭo, ōnis f.promitto. In gen., a promising, promise (class. only in sing.; prop. the act of promising; cf. promissum, the thing promised): provinciae,Cic. Att. 8, 9, 4: auxilii,id. Fam. 4, 13, 1: scelerum,id. Phil. 8, 3, 10; cf. Don. Ter. And. 2, 3, 27. In partic., rhet. t. t., a promising: tum promissio, si audierint, probaturos,Cic. de Or. 2, 83, 339; 3, 53, 205.
promissive prōmissīvē, adv., v. promissivus fin.
promissivus prōmissīvus, a, um, adj.promitto, promising, promissive; in gram.; promissivum tempus, i. e. the future tense, Cons. p. 2061 P.: modus,Diom. p. 328 P.: sententiae,Isid. 2, 21, 18. Adv.: prōmissīvē, by way of promise, with a promise (postclass.), Tert. adv. Marc. 4, 10.
promissor prōmissor, ōris, m.id., a promiser, esp. who promises great things (very rare), Hor A. P 138; Quint. 1, 5, 6 Zumpt.
promissum prōmissum, i, n., v. promitto fin.
promissus prōmissus, a, um, Part. and P. a., from promitto.
promissus prōmissus, ūs, m.promitto, a promise, Manil 5, 577.
promitto prō-mitto, mīsi, missum, 3 (sync. forms: promisti for promisisti,Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 17; Cat. 110, 3: promisse for promisisse,id. 110, 5: promissem,Plaut. Bacch. 5, 1, 12; archaic inf. pass. promittier, id. ib. 4, 8, 32), v. a.Lit., to let go forward, to send or put forth, to let hang down, let grow, etc. (rare; not in Cic.): ramos vel ferro compescunt vel longius promittunt,
suffer to grow longer
,Col. 5, 6, 11. Reflex., to grow: nec ulla arborum avidius se promittit,Plin. 16, 26, 44, § 107. Of the hair, the beard, to let hang down, let grow: satis constat multos mortales capillum ac barbam promisisse,Liv. 6, 16, 4; 5, 41; cf.: pogoniae, quibus inferiore ex parte promittitur juba,Plin. 2, 25, 22, § 89. Transf.: (Sonus lusciniae) promittitur revocato spiritu,
is drawn out
,
prolonged
,Plin. 10, 29, 43, § 82; Gallia est longe et a nostris litoribus huc usque promissa,Mel. 1, 3; v.infra, P. a.Trop., of speech. To say beforehand, to forebode, foretell, predict, prophesy (very rare): praesertim cum, si mihi alterum utrum de eventu rerum promittendum esset, id futurum, quod evenit, exploratius possem promittere,Cic. Fam. 6, 1, 5: ut (di) primis minentur extis, bene promittant secundis,id. Div. 2, 17, 38. Of signs or omens, to forebode, portend: pari in meliora praesagio in Caesaris castris omnia aves victimaeque promiserant,Flor. 4, 7, 9: promittunt omina poenas,Val. Fl. 6, 730: clarum fore (Servium) visa circa caput flamma promiserat, Flor 1, 6, 1; 1, 7, 9. Also, in gen., to denote beforehand: stella ... vindemiae maturitatem promittens,Plin. 18, 31, 74, § 309.To promise, hold out, cause to expect, give hope or promise of, assure (class. and freq.; syn.: polliceor, spondeo, recipio), constr. with acc., an object-clause, or de: domum,Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 28: sestertia septem,Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 81: carmen,id. Epod. 14, 7, dona, Ov Tr. 4, 2, 7: auxilium alicui,id. M. 13, 325: opem,id. F 5, 247: salutem,Luc. 4, 235: ea quae tibi promitto ac recipio,Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 5: si Neptunus quod Theseo promiserat, non fecisset,id. Off. 1, 10, 32: dii faxint, ut faciat ea quae promittit!id. Att. 16, 1, 6. With inf. (usu. fut. inf.): promitto, recipio, spondeo, C. Caesarem talem semper fore civem, qualis hodie sit,Cic. Phil. 5, 18, 51; cf.: promitto, in meque recipio fore eum, etc.,id. Fam. 13, 10, 3: quem inimicissimum futurum esse promitto et spondeo,id. Mur. 41, 90: surrepturum pallam promisit tibi,Plaut. As. 5, 2, 80; id. Aul. 2, 2, 42; cf. id. Men. 5, 4, 6: promisit Apollo Ambiguam tellure novā Salamina futuram,Hor. C. 1, 7, 28; id. S. 1, 6, 34. With inf. pres.: si operam dare promittitis,Plaut. Trin. prol. 5; id. Bacch. 4, 8, 79; id. Rud. 2, 6, 56: magorum vanitas ebrietati eas resistere promittit, Plin. 37, 9, 40, § 124; cf.: se remedium afferer tantamque vim morbi levaturum esse promisit,Curt. 3, 6, 2 monstrare, Amm. 22, 7, 5: promittere oratorem,
,Cic. Top 4, 22. With ut and subj.: promiserat ut daret,Vulg. 2 Par. 21, 7. Of things' terra ipsa promittit (aquas), gives promise of, leads one to expect water, Plin. 31, 3, 27, § 45: debet extremitas (picturae) sic desinere, ut promittat alia post se,
,Col. 3, 12, 1.Trop. In gen., to bring, put, or draw forth est aliquid, quod non ex usu forensi...sit promendum et assumendum, Cic. de Or 1, 14, 59: loci, e quibus argumenta promuntur,id. Top. 2, 7: nunc promenda tibi sunt consilia,id. Att. 9, 18, 2: promere et exercere justitiam,Plin. Ep. 1, 10, 10: nunc illas promite vires,Verg. A. 5, 191. In partic., to bring to light, disclose, utter, tell, express, relate, etc.: percuntanti promere omnia. Plaut. As. 1, 1, 10: rerum ordinem,Vell. 2, 48, 6: magnificam orationem de semet ipso prompsit,Tac. H. 2, 90. verba, quae sensum animi nostri optime promunt, Quint. 8 praef. § 32: animi voluntatem,id. 12, 10, 40: promere aliquid loquendo, id. 2, 16, 15: quid ipse sim secutus promam,id. 7, 1, 3: qui pueris utile carmen prompturus est, wishes to publish, App. Flor. p 358 med.; cf.: insignem attenuat deus, Obscura promens,
raising into notice
,Hor. C. 1, 34, 14. Hence, promp-tus (promtus), a, um, P. a., prop. brought to light, exposed to view; hence, Visible, apparent, evident, manifest (rare but class.): inimicitiam atque amicitiam in frontem promptam gero, Enn. ap. Gell. 19, 8, 6 (Trag. v 8 Vahl.): aliud clausum in pectore, aliud promptum in linguā habere,Sall. C. 10, 5: tametsi hoc minime latet, quod ita promptum et propositum est, ut, etc.,Cic. Rosc. Am 40, 118 prompta et aperta, id. Fin. 1, 9, 30: eminentia et prompta,id. de Or. 3, 57, 215: consilia, locos, prompta, occulta noverat,Tac. A. 2, 20. Sup.: nihil se tam clausum neque tam reconditum posse habere, quod non istius cupiditati apertissimum promptissimumque esset,Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 20, § 42.Transf.At hand, i. e. prepared, ready, quick, prompt, inclined or disposed to or for any thing = paratus, expeditus. Absol.: laudat promptos, segniores castigat,Caes. B. C. 1, 3: promptissimus homo,Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 17, § 37: cetera, quae tibi a multis prompta esse certo scio, a me sunt paratissima,id. Fam. 4, 13, 6: fidem alicui promptam expositamque praebere,id. Caecin. 27, 78: quorum cognoverat promptam audaciam,Sall. C. 32, 2: quod cuique promptum, arma, equos, aurum offerentes,Tac. A. 1, 71: sagittae,Ov. M. 3, 188: prompta et profluens eloquentia,Tac. A. 13, 3. Sup., Just. 22, 2, 12. With ad or in aliquid (rarely in aliquū re): ad bella suscipienda Gallorum aiacer et promptus est animus,Caes. B. G. 3, 19 fin.: animus ad defendendam rem publicam, Cic Fam. 3, 11, 4. esse animo prompto ad jocandum,id. Q. Fr. 2, 13, 1: homines ad vim prompti, ad seditionem parati,id. Agr 2, 30, 82: paratior ad usum forensem promptiorque esse,id. Div. in Caecil. 13, 41: promptiores ad nostra pericula,id. Off. 1, 24, 83: promptus ad lacessendum certamen, Liv 44, 4, 2: ad injurias vicinorum,Just. 23, 1, 3: promptus in pavorem,Tac. A. 15, 25 fin.: in adulationes,id. ib. 15, 61: in latrocinia, Flor 4, 12, 10; cf. in comp.: promptior in spem,Tac. Agr. 35 fin.; and in sup.: Dalmatae in latrocinia promptissimi, Flor 4, 12, 10: celeritas prompta et parata in agendo,Cic. Brut. 42, 154: in rebus gerendis promptus,Nep. Them. 1, 4. With pro or adversus (very rare): utemini nobis etiam promptioribus pro patriā,Liv. 22, 59, 11: promptus adversus insontes,Tac. A. 6, 48 fin. With abl.: non promptus ingenio,Liv. 4, 3: linguā promptus,id. 2, 45 fin.; cf.: sermone promptus,Tac. H. 2, 86: promptus audaciā,id. A. 1, 57; 14, 40: promptus animo,id. ib. 14, 58. Comp.: haud quisquam manu promptior erat,Liv. 2, 56: promptior linguā quam manu,Sall. J. 44, 1. (ε) With gen.: promptus animi,Tac. H. 2, 23. Sup.: belli promptissimos delegebant, Sall. Fragm. ap. Arus Mess. (H. 2, 13 Dietsch): Plato veritatis omnibus exhibendae promptissimus,Gell. 10, 22, 1. (ζ) With dat. (rare except in Tacitus): promptus libertati aut ad mortem animus,Tac. A. 4, 46: seditioni,id. ib. 1, 48: cuicumque fiagitio,id. ib. 15, 45: ultioni,id. ib. 11, 32: nullam gentem promptiorem veniae dandae fuisse,Liv. 25, 16, 12. (η) With inf. (poet.): promptus metuenda pati,Luc. 7, 105: scis ipse, quam promptae superos incessere Thebae,Stat. Th. 7, 209. In gen., brave, courageous: maxime vellem, rem publicam in periculis a promptissumo quoque defendi, Sall. Or. Phil. cont. Lep. (H. 1, 48 Dietsch); Tac. Agr. 3; id. H. 2, 25; 3, 69.Easy, practicable: facilis et prompta defensio,Cic. de Or. 1, 56, 237: moenia haudquaquam prompta oppugnanti,Liv. 23, 1 fin.: regnum,Just. 29, 2, 5: expugnatio,Tac. A. 1, 68: possessio,id. ib. 2, 5: aditus, obvia comitas,id. ib. 2, 2fin.: promptissima mortis via,id. ib. 16, 17: promptum est, with inf., it is easy: sed nec mihi dicere promptum, Nec facere est illi, Ov M. 13, 10; Tac. A. 15, 41. Hence, adv.: promptē (perh. not ante-Aug.). Readily, quickly, without delay, willingly, promptly: dare operam,Tac. A. 15, 52: distribuere pecuniam legatis, Val. Max. 4, 3, 9. Comp.: promptius adversari,Tac. A. 2, 38: dirumpere imagines (opp. cunctanter),id. H. 1, 55. Sup.: promptissime adesse alicui,Plin. Ep. 4, 17, 11.Easily: promptius expediam,Juv. 10, 220: victoria promptissime licentiam sumministrat,Val. Max. 6, 5, 1.
promoneo prō-mŏnĕo, ŭi, ĭtum, 2, v. a., to warn or admonish further: ibi te igitur videbo et promonebo,Cic. Att. 4, 12 fin. B. and K. (dub.; al. promovebo).
promonstra prōmonstra, prodigia, Paul. ex Fest. p. 224 Müll
promonturium prōmontŭrĭum, v. promunturium.
promota prōmōta, ōrum, n., v. promoveo, P. a. fin.
promotus prōmōtus, a, um, Part. and P. a., from promoveo.
promotus prōmōtus, ūs, m.promoveo, advancement, promotion (post-class.), Tert. Coron Mil. 3 fin.
promoveo prō-mōvĕo, mōvi, mōtum (pluperf. promorat. Hor Epod. 11, 14: promosset,Ov. Am 2, 9, 17 Jahn), 2, v. a., to move forward, cause to advance, push onward, advance.Lit. In gen.: saxa vectibus, Caes B. C. 2, 11: onera,Col. 11, 1, 8; Plin. 19, 5, 23, § 64: assa in alterum apodyterii anguium,Cic. Q. Fr 3, 1, 1, § 2: legiones,Hirt. B. G. 8, 16: castra ad Carthaginem, to move onward, Liv 28, 44 fin.: exercitu in Aetoliam promoto,Just. 14, 1, 6: cornua utrimque (in acie),Quint. 2, 13, 3: scalas et machinamenta,Tac. A. 15, 4 fin.: calculum,
,Cic. Att. 4, 12 fin. In partic., to extend, enlarge. moenia Ostia tenus, Suet Ner 16: imperium, Ov P 2, 2, 72: vires in immensum orbem,id. Am. 2, 9, 17. Med. t. t., to put out of joint, dislocate, displace: in palmā quoque ossa interdum suis sedibus promoventur,Cels. 8, 18 init.: femur in omnes quattuor partes promovetur, saepissime in interiorem,id. 8, 20 init.Trop. In gen., to bring to pass, effect, accomplish (ante- and post-class.): promovere parum,Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 81: aliquis dicat, Nihil promoveris,id. And. 4, 1, 17: meditatio nihil ad vitam tuendam promovens,Gell. 10, 22, 24; cf. in a lusus verbb. with movere se,Ter. Eun. 5, 3, 4. Absol.: cum in studio facundiae abunde promovisset,Gell. 5, 10, 7. In partic. To enlarge, increase: doctrina vim promovet insitam, Hor C. 4, 4, 33; so, promovere aliquem, to advance, prefer, promote (post-Aug.; cf.: perduco, produco, proveho): vetus miles ad eum gradum promotus,Curt. 6, 11, 1: promotus ad amplissimas procurationes,Plin. Ep. 7, 31, 3; Suet. Oth. 1; id. Vesp. 16; Lampr. Elag. 12; 20; Plin. Pan. 90, 6; Vulg. Dan. 3, 97.To bring to light, reveal: arcana promorat loco (i. e. ex intimo corde), Hor Epod. 11, 14.To put off, defer, postpone: nuptias alicui,Ter. And. 4, 2, 28. Hence, prōmōtus, a, um, P a. Of time, advanced, i. e. late: nocte promotā,
late at night
,
far into the night
,App. M. 4, p. 152, 38; 7, p. 190, 30.Subst.: prōmōta, ōrum, n., in the lang. of the Stoics, things that are to be preferred, pref. erable things, as being next in degree to absolute good; a literal transl. of the Gr. προηγμέυα, Cic. Fin. 3, 16, 52.
promptarium promptārĭum, ii, v. promptuarius, II. B. fin.
prompte promptē, adv., v. promo, P. a. fin.
promptim promptim, adv.1. promptus, quickly, suddenly (post-class. for the usual prompte), Tert. Carm. in Gen. 98.
promptuarium promptŭārĭum, ii, v. promptuarius, II.
promptuarius promptŭārĭus (promt-), a, um, adj.promo, of or belonging to distribution (sc. of things stored up), distributing: arca vestiaria, armarium promptuarium,i. e.
storehouse
,
repository
,Cato, R. R. 11, 3: cella,App. Mag. p. 309, 20; and, in comic lang., of a prison, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 4.Subst.: promptŭārĭum, ĭi, n., a storeroom, repository, promptuary (late Lat.; cf. horreum): e promptuario oleum profer,App. M. 1, p. 113, 2; Ambros. Cantic. 1, 20. In plur., Vulg. Psa. 143, 13.Transf.: ornatissimum linguae tuae,i. e.
the mouth
,Symm. Ep. 9, 67: promptuarium rectae rationis et orationis,App. Dogm. Plat. 1, p. 212 Oud.: cum omnes quasi vetustatis promptuarium Albini memoriam laudavissent,Macr. S. 1, 4, 1. Collat. form (from metrical necessity), promptārĭum, ii, Aus. Ep. 21 fin.
promptulus promptŭlus, a, um, adj. dim. [1. promptus], ready, prompt (late Lat.): ad loquendum promptulus, Hier. in Daniel, praef. fin.
promptus promptus, a, um, Part. and P. a., from promo.
promptus promptus (promtus), ūs, m.promo, prop. a taking forth; hence, An exposing to view, a being visible, visibility; only in the phrase in promptu (esse, habere, ponere, etc.), public, open, visible, manifest, before the eyes: ut (decorum) non reconditā quādam ratione cernatur, sed sit in promptu,Cic. Off. 1, 27, 95; so (opp. reconditiora) id. Ac. 2, 4, 10; (opp. interiora) id. Div. 2, 60, 124: aliquid ponere in promptu (opp. contegere atque abdere),id. Off. 1, 35, 126: ingenium in promptu habere,
to display
,Sall. C. 7, 1: iram in promptu gerere,Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 33: in promptu scrinia Brutus habet,Ov. P. 1, 1, 24: in promptu gerunt ova,Col. 8, 11, 8: in promptu est, with a subject-clause, it is clear, plain, evident: omnibus in promptu manifestumque esse videmus, etc.,Lucr. 2, 149; 246; 868.Readiness; only in the phrase in promptu esse, habere, to be at hand, to have ready: ea dicam, quae mihi sunt in promptu,Cic. Ac. 1, 2, 4; Liv. 25, 29 fin.: in promptu habere, quantum natura hominis pecudibus antecedat,Cic. Off. 1, 30, 105. Ease, facility; only in the phrase in promptu esse, to be easy, Sall. Or. ad Caes. 2: quadrupedes In promptu regere est,Ov. M. 2, 84: quam quae comprendere dictis In promptu mihi sit,id. ib. 13, 161.
promtus promtus, = promptus, v. promo, Part. and P. a., and 2. promptus.
promulcum promulcum, i, n., a tow-rope: promulco agi dicitur navis, cum scaphae ducitur fune, Paul. ex Fest. p. 224 Müll.; v. remulcum.
promulgatio prōmulgātĭo, ōnis, f.promulgo, a making publicly known, a proclaiming, publishing, promulgation: leges nullā promulgatione latae,Cic. Phil. 1, 10, 25; 5, 3, 8; id. Fam. 1, 5, a, 2; id. Leg. 3, 19, 43.
promulgator prōmulgātor, ōris, m.id., one that publishes or proclaims a thing, a promulgator: Numa feriarum promulgator,Front. de Feriis Als. 3 Mai.
promulgo prōmulgo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.etym. unknown, in publicist's lang., Lit., to expose to public view (as a proposed new law, etc.), to make known, publish, promulgate (cf.: edico, pronuntio): promulgari leges dicuntur, cum primum in vulgus eduntur, quasi provulgari, Paul. ex Fest. p. 224 Müll.: leges cum quae latae sunt, tum quae promulgatae fuerunt,Cic. Sest. 25, 55: legem,id. Q. Fr. 2, 3, 1: leges,id. Phil. 1, 10, 25; 2, 42, 109; 5, 3, 7; Liv. 3, 9; Vulg. Num. 36, 6: rogationem,Cic. Att. 1, 14, 2; id. Sest. 10, 25; Sall. J. 40, 1: res multos dies promulgata et cognita,Cic. Fl. 7, 15: proelia,id. Mur. 14, 30: dies fastos,Plin. 33, 1, 6, § 17.Transf., in gen., to make known, to teach (very rare): majores oculorum medicamentis aconitum misceri saluberrime promulgavere,Plin. 27, 3, 2, § 9.
promulsidare prōmulsĭdāre, is, n.promulsis, a tray on which the promulsis was served: in promulsidari,Petr. 31. In plur.: promulsidaria,Dig. 34, 2, 19, § 10.
promulsis prō-mulsis, ĭdis, f.mulsum. Lit., a relish of eggs, salt fish, mead, etc., servedfirst at a Roman banquet, a whet, antepast, Cic. Fam. 9, 16, 8; 9, 20, 1.Transf.A foretaste: libidinis,Petr. 24 fin. For promulsidare, the tray for the antepast, Tert. Pall. 5.
promulsus prō-mulsus, a, um, Part. [mulceo], stroked forward, smoothed down in front: caproneae,App. Flor. 1, p. 342, 2.
promunctorium promunctōrĭum, προμυκτήριον, Gloss. Gr. Lat.
promus prōmus, a, um, adj.promo. In economic lang., of or belonging to giving out, distributing. cella, a store-room, larder, Tert. Res. Carn. 27.Subst.: prō-mum, i, a store-room, Tert. ad Uxor. 2, 4 fin. Much more freq., Subst.: prō-mus, i, m., a giver out, distributor of provisions (opp. condus, the keeper of them); and hence, in gen.,
pronitas prōnĭtas, ātis, f.pronus, inclination, propensity, proneness: naturae ad malum, Sen. Contr. praef., dub. (the phrase is wanting in several MSS.).
prono prōno, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.id., to bend forward, to bow (post-class.): ipsi latrones ad pavimentum defuncti ora pronaverant,Sid. Ep. 8, 11 fin.; 5, 17.
pronoea prŏnoea, ae, f., = πρόνοια, providence (pure Lat. providentia), Cic. N. D. 2, 64, 160 (id. ib. 1, 8, 18; 2, 22, 58, written as Greek).
pronominalis prōnōmĭnālis, e, adj.pronomen, of or belonging to a pronoun, pronominal: constructio,Prisc. p. 1069 P.
pronominatio prō-nōmĭnātĭo, ōnis, f., a figure of speech, by which another epithet is substituted for a proper name (e. g. Africani nepotes, for Gracchi), Auct. Her. 4, 31, 42.
pronomino prōnōmĭno, āre, v. a.pronomen; in gram.,
to designate a person by a pronoun
,Prisc. p. 1064 P.
pronubans prōnŭbans, antis, Part. [pronuba], arranging a marriage: pronubante nobis maestitia, Hier. Vit. Malch. n. 6.
pronubus prōnŭbus, a, um, adj.pro-nubo, of or belonging to marriage, bridal, promoting marriage: canes,
pimps
,Tert. ad Nat. 1, 2: anulus,
wedding-ring
,id. Apol. 6: nox,
the bridal night
,Claud. Cons. Honor. 642: flamma,
a bridal torch
,id. Rapt. Pros. 1, 131: dextra,id. Epigr. 2, 53. Hence, as subst.prōnŭbus, i, m., = παράνυμφος, auspex (2. b.), the promoter of a marriage, a groomsman, Anthol. Lat. 6, 50, 2: accepit maritum suum de amicis ejus et pronubis,Vulg. Judic. 14, 20.prōnŭ-ba, ae, f., a woman who attended to the necessary arrangements of a wedding on the part of the bride, a bridewoman (corresp. to the auspex on the part of the bridegroom), Varr ap. Serv. Verg. A. 4, 166; Fest. p. 242 Müll., Paul. ex Fest. p. 244 ib.; Tert. Exhort. ad Cast. 13; Cat. 61, 186; Stat. S. 1, 2, 11. Hence, Pronuba, an epithet of Juno, the patron goddess of marriage, Verg. A. 4, 166; Ov. H. 6, 43. Transf., of Bellona, as the presider over a marriage in which the bride is obtained by war, Verg. A. 7, 319; also, of one of the Furies, Ov. H. 2, 117; Luc. 8, 90; App. M. 8, p. 207, 3.
pronumero prō-nŭmĕro, āre, v. a., to count up, reckon, enumerate (post-class.): versiculos pro morarum mercede,Sid. Ep. 2, 10.
pronuntiabilis prōnuntĭābĭlis (prōnunc-), e, adj.pronuncio, declarative, enunciative: oratio,i. e.
a complete sentence
,
a proposition
,
enunciation
,App. Dogm. Plat. 3, p. 29 med.
pronuntiatio prōnuntĭātĭo (prōnunc-), ōnis, f.id.. A public declaration, publication, proclamation: quā pronuntiatione factā,Caes. B. C. 2, 25 fin. Of the decision of a judge, Cic. Clu. 20, 56; Petr. 80; Dig. 48. Of the proclamation of a public crier, Val. Max. 4, 8, 5.Expression, speech: cujus opera Graeca pronuntiatione strategemata dicuntur,Val. Max. 7, 4, 1: certum est, quod ex ipsā pronuntiatione apparet,Dig. 45, 1, 74. In partic. In rhet., delivery, action, manner, Cic. Inv. 1, 7, 9; Auct. Her. 3, 11, 19: bona,id. 3, 15, 27; Quint. 11, 3, 1 et saep.; Suet. Calig. 53; Val. Max. 8, 10, 1; Plin. Ep. 2, 14, 12. In logic, a proposition: quid est, cur non omnis pronuntiatio aut vera aut falsa sit?Cic. Fat. 11, 26.Transf., a single articulate sound: elementa proprie dicuntur ipsae pronuntiationes,Prisc. 539 P.
pronuntiative prōnuntĭātīvē (prōnunc-), adv., v. pronuntiativus fin.
pronuntiativus prōnuntĭātīvus (prōnunc-), a, um, adj.pronuntio, of or belonging to declaration, declarative, enunciative; in gram.: pronuntiativus modus,i. e.
the indicative mood
,Diom. p. 329 P. Adv.: prōnuntĭātīvē, declaratively, affirmatively, Don. ad Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 7.
pronuntiator prōnuntĭātor (prōnunc-), ōris, m., id.. One who delivers any thing, a reciter: meae orationi M. Caesar actor contigit et pronuntiator,Front. Ep. ad M. Caes. 1, 6 Mai. In gen., a relater, narrator: Thucydides rerum gestarum pronuntiator sincerus et grandis etiam fuit,Cic. Brut. 83, 287.
pronuntiatum prōnuntĭātum (prōnunc-), i, n., v. pronuntio fin.
pronuntiatus prōnuntĭātus (prōnunc-), ūs (only in abl. sing.), m.pronuntio, pronunciation (post-class.): ratio in pronuntiatu,Gell. 4, 17, 8; 15, 3, 1.
pronuntio prō-nuntĭo (prōnunc-), āvi, ātum, 1, v. n. and a., to make publicly known, to publish, proclaim, announce (cf.: edico, promulgo). Lit. In gen.: palam de sellā ac tribunali pronuntiat, sese ejus nomen recepturum, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 38, § 94: cum consules amplius de consilii sententiā pronuntiavissent,id. Brut. 22, 86: sententiam,
,Cic. Off. 3, 16, 66: jusserunt pronuntiare, ut, etc.,Caes. B. G. 5, 33, 3; cf.: pronuntiare jusserunt, ne quis ab loco discederet,id. ib. 5, 34: rerum omnium maximus judex, cujus est non argumentari sed pronuntiare verum,Lact. 3, 1, 11. Of a public crier: pronuntiare victorum nomina,Cic. Fam. 5, 12, 8; Suet. Dom. 10. In partic. To nominate, appoint as public officer: aliquem praetorem,Liv. 24, 27; Suet. Caes. 41.To sentence (post-class.); with inf.: protectores pronuntiati vertere solum in exilio,Amm. 15, 3, 12; cf.: ad bestias,Tert. Res. Carn. 16; Dig. 40, 1, 23.To promise, proclaim, offer as a reward: praemia militi,Liv. 2, 20; 31, 45: pecuniam,Cic. Clu. 29, 78: tribunis vocatis nummos,Sen. Ep. 118, 3; Suet. Caes. 19: militibus donativum,id. Galb. 16: beneficia,id. Ner. 24: munus populo,id. Caes. 26: quippe Darius mille talenta interfectori Alexandri daturum pronuntiari jusserat,Curt. 3, 5, 15. Absol.: pronuntiasse (sc. nummos),Cic. Planc. 18, 45.Transf.To speak any thing in public, to recite, rehearse, declaim, deliver, pronounce, etc.: versus multos uno spiritu pronuntiare,Cic. de Or. 1, 61, 261; 1, 19, 88; 2, 19, 79; id. Div. 2, 5, 14; Auct. Her. 4, 56, 69; Quint. 11, 3, 12 sq.; Plin. Ep. 3, 5, 12 et saep. Esp., to act, perform on the stage: intente instanterque,Plin. Ep. 5, 19, 16: actores pronuntiare dicuntur,Varr. L. L. 6, § 58 Müll.: Lucceia mima centum annis in scenā pronuntiavit,Plin. 7, 48, 49, § 158.To tell, announce, relate, narrate, report: cum eam rem scisset et non pronuntiasset,Cic. Off. 3, 16, 66: mercatores quibus ex regionibus veniant, pronuntiare cogunt,Caes. B. G. 4, 5, 2: quae gesta sunt pronuntiare,id. ib. 7, 38: aliquid sincere,id. ib. 7, 20: alius jam capta castra pronuntiat,id. ib. 6, 36.To utter, pronounce (cf.: appello, dico): neque tamen ad particula accentu acuto pronuntiatur,Gell. 6 (7), 8, 8, § 2: Castorem mediă syllabă productă,Quint. 1, 5, 60; 9, 4, 34: verba corrupte,Gell. 13, 30, 2. Hence, prōnuntĭātum (prōnunc-), i, n. In logic, a proposition, axiom; a translation of the Gr. ἀξίωμα, Cic. Tusc. 1, 7, 14; cf. Gell. 16, 8, 8.
pronuper prō-nūper, adv., in a supposititious verse, ap. Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 26; v. parerga, I. p. 528 Ritschl sq.
pronurus prō-nŭrus, ūs, f., a grandson's wife, Dig. 38, 10, 4; Paul. ex Fest. p. 224 Müll.: pronurus et magni Laomedontis ero,i. e.
pronus prōnus, a, um (archaic form of fem. pronis, Varr. ap. Non. 494 fin.), adj. [like Gr. πρᾶνής = πρηνής, from root pra-, πρό; cf. prae). Lit., turned forward, bent or inclined, leaning or hanging forward, stooping, bending down (class.; opp. supinus; cf. cernuus). Of living beings: puerum imponere equo pronum in ventrem,Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 13: pronus pendens in verbera,
leaning forward to strike
,Verg. A. 10, 586: ipsum Pronum sterne solo,id. ib. 11, 485: pronus magister Volvitur in caput,id. ib. 1, 115: pecora, quae natura prona finxit,Sall. C. 1, 1; Ov. M. 8, 379. Poet., of those running swiftly, Ov. M. 10, 652: leporem pronum catulo sectare sagaci,
flying swiftly
,id. R. Am. 201. Of things, bending forward or downward, going or inclined downward: ilex paulum modo prona, dein flexa,Sall. J. 93, 4: prona ac fastigiata tigna,Caes. B. G. 4, 17: pronae atque vergentes ampullae,Plin. Ep. 4, 30, 6: demissus inde pronusque pulvinus,id. ib. 5, 6, 16: (urbs) prona in paludes,
,id. 1, 5, 8. With ad: campo patente et ad solem prono,Col. 2, 9, 3.Trop., inclined, disposed, prone to any thing (class.); usu. constr. with ad, in aliquid, or dat.;poet. also with gen. In gen. With ad: rei publicae genus inclinatum et quasi pronum ad perniciosissimum statum,Cic. Rep. 2, 26, 47: anxitudo prona ad luctum,id. ib. 2, 41, 68 (from Non. 72, 31): boves ad domandum proni,Varr. R. R. 1, 2: pronus ad omne nefas,Luc. 6, 147: pronus ad cujusque necem,Suet. Vit. 14: ad poëticam,id. Ner. 50: ad simultates,Plin. Pan. 84. Sup.: ad indulgentias pronissimus, Capit. Anton. 10, 8. With in and acc.: in obsequium plus aequo pronus,Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 10: in libidines,Suet. Caes. 50: saeculum in omnia mala,Flor. 4, 12. Prov.: prona est timori semper in pejus fides,Sen. Herc. Fur. 316. With dat.: pronus deterioribus,Tac. Agr. 41fin. Comp.: aures offensioni proniores,Tac. A. 4, 29 fin. With gen. (poet.): ruendi In ferrum mens prona viris,Luc. 1, 461. Comp.: unus audendi pronior,Claud. Ruf. 2, 400. In partic. Inclined to favor, favorable to any thing (post-Aug.). With dat.: si modo prona bonis invicti Caesaris assint Numina,Stat. S. 4, 8, 61. Comp.: cohors Cn. Dolabellae pronior,Suet. Galb. 12. With in and acc.: prona in eum aula Neronis,Tac. H. 1, 13. Comp.: ut quis misericordiā in Germanicum pronior,Tac. A. 2, 73: in verum nepotem,Suet. Cat. 19.Absol.: prona sententia,Val. Fl. 8, 340: pronis auribus accipere aliquid,Tac. H. 1, 1; Luc. 5, 501. Comp.: quos pronior fortuna comitatur,Vell. 2, 69, 6.Easy, without difficulty (mostly post - Aug.): omnia virtuti suae prona esse,Sall. J. 114, 2: omnia prona victoribus,Tac. Agr. 33: pronum ad honores iter,Plin. Ep. 8, 10, 3: via ad regnum,Just. 1, 5, 9: pronum est, it is easy: agere memoratu digna pronum erat,Tac. Agr. 1: invitos praebere deos,Luc. 6, 606: facile et pronum est agere,Juv. 9, 43. Comp.: id pronius ad fidem est,
prooeconomia prŏoecŏnŏmĭa, ae, f., = προοικονομία, a previous arrangement, Serv. Verg. A. 5, 858; 9, 468.
prooemior prŏoemĭor, āri, v. dep.prooemium, to make an introduction or preface (postAug.): prooemiatur apte,Plin. Ep. 2, 3, 3; Sid. Ep. 4, 3.
prooemium prŏoemĭum, ii, n., = προοίμιον. An introduction, preface, proem (class.; syn.: exordium, principium): quod principium Latine vel exordium dicitur, majore quădam ratione Graeci videntur προοίμιον nominasse: quia a nostris initium modo significatur, illi satis clare partem hanc esse ante ingressum rei, de quă dicendum sit, ostendunt ..certe prooemium est, quod apud judicem, priusquam causam cognoverit, prosit,Quint. 4, 1, 1; cf. id. 4, 1, 53; 2, 13, 1; 3, 9, 1; 3, 11, 28 et saep.: citharoedi prooemium,
propagatio prō^pāgātĭo, ōnis, f.1. propago, a propagating, propagation.Lit. (class.): propagatio vitium,Cic. Sen. 15, 53: propagationum genera tria sunt in usu maxime,Col. Arb. 7: propagationes facere,Dig. 19, 2, 24.Transf.: quae propagatio et soboles origo est rerum publicarum, Cic. Off. 1, 17, 54.Trop.An extending, prolonging; an extension, enlargement, prolongation (class.): finium imperii nostri propagatio,Cic. Prov. Cons. 12, 29: miserrimi temporis,id. Fam. 5, 15, 3: vitae,id. Tusc. 1, 35, 86: victoriam, triumphum, propagationem imperii portandi,Liv. 42, 30, 9. An establishing, honoring: nominis,Cic. Tusc. 1, 14, 31.
propagator prō^pāgātor, ōris, m.1. propago, a propagator; trop., an enlarger, extender (class.): provinciae propagator,Cic. Att. 8, 3, 3 (al. prorogator). An epithet of Jupiter, as the enlarger of boundaries, App. de Mundo, p. 75, 10: ORBIS AC REI PUBLICAE ROMANAE,Inscr. Grut. 271, 4.
propages prō^pāges, is, f.id.A set, layer; for the usual propago: propages progenies a propagando: ut faciunt rustici, eum vitem vetulam supprimunt, ut ex eā unā plures faciant, Paul. ex Fest. p. 227 Müll.Transf., offspring, progeny, posterity (ante- and post-class.): mea propages sanguinis, Pac. ap. Non. 64, 30; Paul. Col. Carm. 5, 19.
propago prō^pāgo, āvi, ātum, āre, v. a.pro and root pag- of pango, πήγνυμι. Lit.To set or fasten down; hence, to set slips, propagate by slips, Cato, R. R. 52, 1: castanea melius ex vicino pertica declinata propagatur,Col. 4, 33, 3: vitem, ficum, oleam, Punicam, malorum genera omnia, laurum, prunos,Plin. 17, 13, 21, § 96: abrotonum cacumine suo se propagat,id. 21, 10, 34, § 60. Hence, In gen., to propagate, generate, continue by procreation: stirpem,Cic. Phil. 1, 6, 13: cum ipse sui generis initium ac nominis ab se gigni et propagari vellet,Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 70, § 180: prolem,Lucr. 2, 996.Transf. In gen., to extend, enlarge, increase: fines imperii,Cic. Rep. 3, 12, 21: finis imperii propagavit,Nep. Ham. 2, 5: eo bello terminos populi Romani propagari,Liv. 36, 1, 3: terminos Urbis,Tac. A. 12, 23: augere et propagare imperium,Suet. Ner. 18: propagatae civitates,Vell. 1, 14, 1: sumptus cenarum,Gell. 2, 24, 15: notitiam Britanniae,Plin. 4, 16, 30, § 102: fidem Christianam propagare, Greg. M. in Job, 27, 37. In time, to prolong, continue, extend, preserve (syn.: prorogo, produco): victu fero vitam propagare,Cic. Inv. 1, 2, 2: haec posteritati propagantur,
are transferred to posterity
,id. Sest. 48, 102: meus consulatus multa saecula propagarit rei publicae,
,id. Fin. 5, 11, 32: memoriam aeternam alicui,Plin. 15, 14, 15, § 49: imperium consuli in annum, to prolong, = prorogare, Liv. 23, 25, 11: hereditarium bellum, sic facta hominis vita est temporaria, sed longa, quae in mille annos propagaretur,Lact. 2, 12, 21.To add as an appendix or extension, in writing: Carum cum liberis,i. e.
propalo prōpălo, no perf., ātum, 1, v. a.propalam, to make public or manifest, to divulge (post-class.), Sid. Ep. 9, 11: propalata et publica veritas,Oros. 6, 5: divinitus propalatum,Aug. Ep. 137: nondum propalatam esse sanctorum viam,
propansus prō-pansus and prō-passus, a, um, Partt. [pando], spread out, extended (postclass.): propansis pinnis,App. M. 6, p. 179, 14: propassis pennis,id. Flor. p. 365, 35 (or de Deo Socr. p. 109 Hild.).
propatior prō-pătĭor, ti, v. dep. a., to endure before (post-class.), Schol. Juv. 2, 50.
propator prŏpător, ŏris, m., = προπάτωρ, a forefather, ancestor (eccl. Lat.), Tert. Praes. 49.
propatruus prō-patrŭus, i, m., a great-grandfather's brother, Dig. 38, 10, 1; 10.
propatulus prō-pătŭlus, a, um, adj.Open in front, not covered up, open, uncovered (class.): in aperto ac propatulo loco,Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 49, § 110. More freq., Subst.: prōpătŭlum, i, n., an open or uncovered place. In phrase in propatulo (class.): in propatulo ac silvestribus locis, in the open air (opp.: domi sub tecto), Cic. Fragm. ap. Col. 12, 1: in propatulo aedium, in the open court, Liv 24, 16, 17. Trop.: in propatulo, publicly (not in Cic. or Cæs.): pudicitiam in propatulo habere,
prope prŏpe, adv. and prep.pro and demonstr suff. -pe (cf.: nempe, quippe), = Sanscr. -pa. Adv. (comp. propius, and sup. proxime, v. under propior), near, nigh (class.). Lit., in space: quaenam vox mihi prope hic sonat? Quis hic loquitur prope?Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 10: prope ad aliquem adire,id. Cas. 3, 5, 32: aedes accedere,id. Most. 2, 2, 16: prope alicubi esse,Cic. Fam. 9, 7, 1: intueri aliquid (opp. procul),id. Sen. 14, 48. With ab, near to, near by, hard by: bellum tam prope a Siciliā,Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 2, § 6: prope a meis aedibus,id. Pis. 11, 26: prope ab domo detineri,Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 3, § 6. So, comp.: stellae, aliae propius a terris, etc.,Cic. N. D. 1, 31, 87: propius visere mala reipublicae,Tac. A. 6, 26.Transf. In time, near, not far off: partus instabat prope, was near at hand, Ter Ad. 3, 2, 9. Esp. with quando, cum, ut, the time is near or not far off, when, etc.: prope est, quando herus pretium exsolvet,Plaut. Men. 5, 6, 25: prope adest, quom alieno more vivendum est mihi,Ter. And. 1, 1, 125: partitudo prope adest, ut fiat palam,Plaut. Aul. 2, 3, 9; Flor. 3, 17, 2: nox prope diremit colloquium,i. e.
,Sen. Herc. Oet. 162; cf.: orationem propellere dialecticorum remis,Cic. Tusc. 4, 5, 9: si paulo largius L. Caecilium pietas et fraternus amor propulisset,id. Sull. 23, 64.Trop.To push or thrust forward (post-Aug.): cruda studia in forum,Petr. 4.To drive on, impel, incite, urge (poet. and in post-Aug. prose): corpus,Lucr. 3, 160: terrore carceris ad voluntariam mortem,Tac. A. 11, 2: agmina voce,Sil. 7, 530.To drive away, to keep or ward off: periculum vitae ab aliquo,Liv. 40, 11 fin.: famem,Hor. S. 1, 2, 6: injurias hominum ac ferarum,Col. 7, 12, 2.
propemodo prŏpĕ-mŏdŏweakened from propemodum; cf. postmodo, nearly, almost: tenes jam? Ca. propemodo, Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 50 (cf. Ritschl ad loc.); id. Ps. 1, 3, 42 (Ritschl and Fleck. propemodum.)
propempticon prŏpemptĭcon, i, n., = προπεμπτικόν, a farewell poem, in which a prosperous journey is wished: propempticon Metio Celeri,Stat. S. 3, 2in lemm.;Sid. Carm. 24in lemm.
propendeo prō-pendeo, di, sum, 2 (in Plaut. As. 2, 2, 39, the correct reading is propendes), v. n., to hang forth or forward, hang down.Lit. (class.): ex ramis propendens,Plin. 26, 7, 20, § 36; Suet. Galb. 21: lanx propendet,Cic. Tusc. 5, 17, 51.Trop. (The figure borrowed from the descending scale of a balance.) To weigh more, haec the preponderance: nec dependes nec propendes,
weighest neither less nor more
,Plaut. As. 2, 2, 39: si bona propendent,Cic. Tuse. 5, 31, 86.To be inclined or disposed to any thing: si suā sponte quo impellimus, inclinant atque propendent,Cic. de Or. 2, 44, 18.To be well disposed, favorable: inclinatione voluntatis propendere in aliquem,Cic. de Or. 2, 29, 129. Hence, prō-pensus, a, um, P. a.Lit., hanging down (post-class.): propensum labrum,Sol. 20: propenso sesquipede,Pers. 1, 57 dub. Transf., = magno pene praeditus (post-class.), Capitol. Gord. 19.Trop.Inclining towards, coming near, approaching (class.); with ad: disputatio ad veritatis similitudinem propensior,Cic. N. D. 3, 40, 94: ad veritatem,id. Div. 1, 5, 9. Heavy, weighty, important (class.): illa de meā pecuniā ramenta fiat plumea propensior,Plaut. Bacch. 3, 4, 15: id fit propensius,
more weighty
,
important
,Cic. Par. 3, 2, 24.Inclined, disposed, prone to any thing (syn. proclivis); usually constr. with ad or in and acc.; rarely with dat. With ad: non tam propensus ad misericordiam, quam inclinatus ad severitatem videbatur,Cic. Rosc. Am. 30, 85: ad dicendum,id. Fin. 3, 20, 66: animus propensus ad salutem alicujus,id. Fam. 4, 13, 5: ad liberalitatem,id. Lael. 9, 31. Comp.: paulo ad voluptates propensior,Cic. Off. 1, 30, 105: ad lenitatem,id. Mur. 31, 64: animus alius ad alia vitia propensior,id. Tusc. 4, 37, 81: sunt propensiores ad bene merendum quam ad reposcendum,id. Lael. 9, 32. With in and acc.: propensus in alteram partem,Cic. Att. 8, 3, 4. Comp.: propensior benignitas esse debebit in calamitosos,Cic. Off. 2, 18, 62: in neutram partem propensiores,id. Fin. 5, 11, 30. With dat.: in divisione regni propensior fuisse Alexandro videbatur,
more disposed to favor Alexander
,Just. 16, 1, 2 (al. pro Alexandro).Absol., well-disposed, favorable, willing, ready (class.): propenso animo aliquid facere,Cic. Att. 13, 21, 7; Liv. 37, 54: propensum favorem petiit,Ov. M. 14, 706. Sup.: propensissimā civitatum voluntate, Auct. B. Alex. 26. Hence, adv.: prōpensē, willingly, readily, with inclination (class.): conspiratio propense facta, Lentulus ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 15, 3. Comp.: propensius senatum facturum,Liv. 37, 52: eoque propensius laudandus est,App. Flor. p. 98 Oud.
propendo prōpendo, ĕre, v. propendeo init.
propendulus prō-pendŭlus, a, um, adj.propendeo, hanging forth or forward, hanging down (post-class.): propenduli crines,App. Flor. 1, p. 342, 2.
propense prōpensē, adv., v. propendeo, P. a. fin.
propensio prōpensĭo, ōnis, f.propendeo, inclination, propensity: propensio ad summum bonum adipiscendum,Cic. Fin. 4, 17, 47.
propensus prōpensus, a, um, Part. and P. a., from propendeo.
properans prŏpĕrans, antis, Part. and P. a., from propero.
properanter prŏpĕranter, adv., v. propero, P. a., A. fin.
properantia prŏpĕrantĭa, ae, f.propero, a hastening, haste (very rare; not in Cic. or Cæs.): ex tantā properantiā,Sall. J. 36, 3: periculum ex properantiā,Tac. A. 12, 20.
,id. Att. 4, 4, a. Comp.: rotam solito properantior urget,Claud. in Ruf. 2, 337. Hence, adv.: prŏpĕran-ter, hastily, speedily, quickly (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose; cf.: propere, cito, festinanter, celeriter, etc.),Lucr. 5, 300: properanter accepit codicillos,Tac. A. 16, 24. Comp.: beneficia properantius, quam aes mutuum, reddere,Sall. J. 96, 2; 8, 2: ire,Ov. F. 4, 673. Sup.: properantissime aliquid afferre, Cod. Th. 11, 30, 8.prŏpĕrātus, a, um, P. a., hurried, accelerated, rapid, quick, speedy (mostly poet.): tabellae,Ov. M. 9, 586: mors,id. Tr. 3, 3, 34: gloria rerum,id. M. 15, 748: meta curribus,i. e.
rapidly approached
,Mart. 10, 50, 7: naves,Tac. A. 2, 6: tela,id. ib. 2, 80. Comp.: properatius tempus,Sol. 26. Absol.: properato opus est, there is need of haste: accurato et properato opus est,Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 210: erat nihil, cur properato opus esset,Cic. Mil. 19, 49. Hence, adv.: prŏpĕrā-tō, quickly, speedily (Tac.): properato ad mortem agitur,Tac. A. 13, 1.
properus prŏpĕrus, a, um, adj.root par-, to make; whence parare, parĕre, quick, speedy, hastening (mostly poet. and in postAug. prose): properam pro celeri ac strenuā dixisse antiquos, testimonio est Cato, Fest. p. 253 Müll.: properi aurigae,Verg. A. 12, 85: Telamon,Ov. M. 7, 647: pede,Cat. 62, 34: gressus,Val. Fl. 4, 176: spe ac juventā properus,Tac. H. 4, 68: agmen,id. ib. 4, 79: sibi quisque properus,
each one hastening for himself
,Tac. A. 1, 65. With gen. (Tacitean): Agrippina oblatae occasionis propera,
propes prŏ-pēs, ĕdis, m., a rope, the loose part of the sheet with which a sail is trimmed to the wind (ante-class.), Turp. ap. Isid. Orig. 19, 4.
propetrare prōpetrāre, mandare quod perficiatur; nam impetrare est exorare, et perpetrare perficere, Paul. ex Fest. p. 227 Müll.
propexus prō-pexus, a, um, Part. [pecto], combed forward, combed down in front, hanging down (poet.): crines, Att. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 12, 605: propexam in pectore barbam,Verg. A. 10, 838: propexam ad pectora barbam,Ov. F. 1, 259: propexa mento Canities,Stat. Th. 2, 97: propexis in pectora barbis,Sil. 13, 310.
propheta prŏphēta and prŏphētes, ae, m., = προφήτης, a foreteller, soothsayer, prophet (post-class.; cf. vates): prophetas in Adrasto Julius nominat antistites fanorum oraculorumque interpretes,Fest. p. 229 Müll. (Trag. Rel. p. 194 Rib.): prophetae quidam, deorum majestate completi, effantur ceteris, quae divino beneficio soli vident, App. de Mundo, p. 56, 29: sacerdotes Aegyptiorum, quos prophetas vocant,Macr. S. 7, 13, 9: Aegyptius, propheta primarius,App. M. 2, p. 127, 3. Of the Jewish prophets, Lact. 1, 4, 1; 4, 11, 1; 7, 24, 9; Vulg. Luc. 1, 70.
prophetalis prŏphētālis, e, adj.propheta, prophetic, prophetical (eccl. Lat.): os,Hier. Ep. 54, n. 17: habitus, Hilar. in Matt. 2, 2: scriptura,id. ib. 23, 4; Cassiod. in Psa. 16.
prophetatio prŏphētātĭo, ōnis, f.propheto, a soothsaying, prophesying, Aug. Civ. Dei, 10, 32; 18, 14.
prophetia prŏphētīa, ae, f., = προφητεία, prediction, prophecy (eccl. Lat.), Tert. Anim. 35 fin.; Vulg. 1 Tim. 1, 18.A body of prophets or singers, Vulg. 1 Par. 15, 27 et saep.
prophetialis prŏphētĭālis, e, adj.prophetia, of or belonging to prophecy, prophetic (eccl. Lat.): patrocinium,Tert. adv. Val. 28.
prophetice prŏphētĭcē, adv., v. propheticus fin.
propheticus prŏphētĭcus, a, um, adj., = προφητικός, predicting, prophetic, prophetical (eccl. Lat.): Moyses propheticus, non poëticus pastor,Tert. Cor. Mil. 7: sermo,Vulg. 2 Pet. 1, 19. Adv.: prŏphētĭcē, prophetically (eccl. Lat.): prophetice dictum,Tert. Mon. 4; Aug. Civ. Dei, 18, 44.
,id. Stich. 3, 2, 15: propino hoc pulchro Critiae,Cic. Tusc. 1, 40, 96: suum calicem alicui,Mart. 2, 15, 1.Transf.To give one to drink (post-class.): propinas modo conditum Sabinum,Mart. 10, 49, 3; 3, 82, 25; Vulg. Jer. 25, 15. Of medicines, to give to drink, to give, administer: aquam comitialibus morbis,Plin. 28, 1, 2, § 7.To give to eat, to set before one (post - class.): venenatam partem fratri edendam propinans,Capitol. M. Aurel. 15. In gen., to give, deliver, furnish to one (ante- and post-class.): mortalibus Versus flammeos, Enn. ap. Non. 33, 8 (Sat. v. 7 Vahl.); Veg. 5, 54, 3: hunc comedendum et deridendum vobis propino, pass him on to you (as a cup was passed), Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 57: puellas alicui,
to furnish
,
procure
,App. M. 5, p. 172, 16.Trop., to water plants, supply with water; with dat. vineae, Vulg. Isa. 27, 3.
propinque prŏpinquē, adv., v. propinquus fin.
propinquitas prŏpinquĭtas, ātis, f.propinquus, nearness, vicinity, proximity, propinquity (class.). Lit., of place: ex longinquitate, propinquitate,Cic. Inv. 1, 26, 38: hostium,Caes. B. G. 2, 20: loci,id. ib. 7, 19: ex propinquitate pugnare,
from a short distance
,
close at hand
,id. ib. 2, 31: nimis imminebat propter propinquitatem Aegina Piraeo,Cic. Off. 3, 11, 46; id. Phil. 3, 6, 15. In plur.: silvarum ac fluminum petunt propinquitates,Caes. B. G. 6, 29.Trop.Relationship, affinity, propinquity: si pietate propinquitas colitur,Cic. Quint. 6, 26: vinculis propinquitatis conjunctus,id. Planc. 11, 27: nobilis propinquitas,Nep. Dion, 1, 2: arcta,
near relationship
,Plin. Ep. 4, 4, 1: jus propinquitatis,Vulg. Ruth, 3, 13; Tac. G. 7. Plur.: si propinquitates summo bono non contineantur,Cic. Fin. 5, 24, 69.Intimacy, friendship (anteclass.): ad probos propinquitate se adjungere,Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 59. Concr., a kinsman (late Lat.): in propinquitatis perniciem inclinatior,Amm. 14, 11, 7 al.
propinquo prŏpinquo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. and n.propinquus. Act., to bring near, bring on, hasten, accelerate (poet.): tu rite propinques Augurium,Verg. A. 10, 254: mortem,Sil. 2, 281.Neutr., to draw near, come nigh, approach (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose for appropinquo); with dat. or acc. Of persons. With dat.: scopulo propinquat,Verg. A. 5, 185: fluvio,id. ib. 6, 384: ripae,id. ib. 6, 410. With acc.: amnem, Sall. Fragm. ap. Arus. Mess. p. 254 Lindem. (H. 4, 62 Dietsch): campos,Tac. A. 12, 13init. Absol.: armis,Stat. Th. 10, 385. Of things: Parcarumque dies et vis inimica propinquat,Verg. A. 12, 150: et triste propinquat supplicium,Stat. Th. 5, 493; Amm. 14, 2, 19: domui ejus ignis propinquat,Tac. A. 15, 39: turris propinquans praetoriae portae,id. H. 4, 30; 2, 18; 2, 58; 3, 82; Gell. 2, 23, 8: mortale immortali propinquare non potest,Lact. 2, 8, 68: dies propinquat ad vesperum,Vulg. Judic. 19, 9.
propinquus prŏpinquus, a, um, adj.prope, near, neighboring (class.). Lit., of place: rus,Ter. Eun. 5, 5, 1: loca,Sall. J. 12, 2; 48, 4: nimium propinquus Sol,Hor. C. 1, 22, 21: propinquum praedium,Cic. Rosc. Am. 46, 133: provinciae,id. Phil. 11, 13, 34: insulae propinquae inter se, Sall. Fragm. ap. Non. 495, 33. With gen.: in propinquis urbis montibus,Nep. Hann. 5, 1: ex propinquis itineris locis,Liv. 6, 25, 7 (al. itineri). Comp.: exsilium paulo propinquius,Ov. Tr. 4, 4, 51. Subst.: prŏpinquum, i, n., neighborhood, vicinity: ex propinquo cognoscere,
propio prŏpĭo, no perf., ātum, 1, v. n.prope, to draw near, approach (post-class.): nec domibus nostris propient mala,Paul. Nol. Carm. 23, 412; in pass., id. ib. 27, 405.
propior prŏpĭor, ĭus, gen. ōris, adj. comp., and proxĭmus, a, um, adj. sup. (v. below, II.) [from the obsol. propis; whence prope]. Comp., nearer, nigher.Lit., of place: portus propior,Verg. A. 3, 530: tumulus,Liv. 22, 24: ut propior patriae sit fuga nostra,Ov. P. 1, 2, 130: domus,Sall. H. 2, 40 Dietsch: cum propior caliginis aër Ater init oculos,Lucr. 4, 338 (314). With acc.: propior montem suos collocat,Sall. J. 49, 1: propior hostem,Hirt. B. G. 8, 9. With ab: quisquis ab igne propior stetit,Sen. Ep. 74, 4. With inf.: propior timeri,Stat. Th. 12, 223. Neutr. plur, subst.: prŏpĭōra, um, places lying near: propiora fluminis,Tac. H. 5, 16: tenere,Verg. A. 5, 168.Trop. Of time, nearer, later, more recent: veniunt inde ad propiora,Cic. Tusc. 1, 48, 116: venio ad propiorem (epistulam),id. Att. 15, 3, 2: propior puero quam juveni,Vell. 2, 53, 1: septimus octavo jam propior annus,Hor. S. 2, 6, 40; id. C. 3, 15, 4: mors,Tib. 2, 3, 42: propiore aut longiore tempore aliquid facere,Dig. 23, 4, 17. Of relationship, nearer, more nearly related; with dat.: quibus propior P. Quintio nemo est,Cic. Quint. 31, 97: ille gradu propior sanguinis,Ov. H. 3, 28; 16, 326; 20, 158: amicus,Hor. Ep. 1, 9, 5. Of resemblance, more nearly resembling, more like (class.); with dat.: quae sceleri propiora sunt, quam religioni,Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 50, § 112: tauro,Verg. G. 3, 57: vero est propius,
,Liv. 4, 17: quod tamen vitium propius virtutem erat,Sall. C. 11, 1. Of relation or connection, nearer, more nearly related, affecting or concerning more nearly, of greater import, closer, more intimate: hunc priorem aequom'st me habere: tunica propior pallio est, proverbially,
,Tac. A. 16, 9: oderat Aenean propior Saturnia Turno, more inclined or attached to, Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 7. Hence, adv.: prŏpĭus, more nearly, nearer, closer (class.). Lit.Absol.: propius accedamus,Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 11; Ov. M. 2, 41: res adspicere,Verg. A. 1, 526: propius spectare aliquid,Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 67; stare,id. A. P. 361. With dat., nearer to: propius grammatico accessi, Cic. ap. Diom. p. 405 P. (not elsewhere in Cic.): propius Tiberi quam Thermopylis,Nep. Hann. 8, 3: propius stabulis armenta tenerent,Verg. G. 1, 355. With acc.: ne propius se castra moveret,Caes. B. G. 4, 9: pars insulae, quae est propius solis occasum,id. ib. 4, 28: propius aliquem accedere,id. ib. 5, 36: propius urbem,Cic. Phil. 7, 9, 26: mare,Sall. J. 18, 9. With ab: propius a terris,Cic. N. D. 1, 31, 87: antiquitas quo propius aberat ab ortu et divinā progenie, hoc melius ea cernebat,id. Tusc. 1, 12, 26: ab Urbe,Plin. 17, 25, 38, § 243.Trop.: ut propius ad ea accedam, quae a te dicta sunt,Cic. Fin. 4, 10, 24; Sen. Ira, 3, 42, 4; Cic. Part. 36, 124: propius accedo: nego esse illa testimonia,id. Fl. 10, 23: a contumeliā quam a laude propius fuerit post Vitellium eligi,Tac. H. 2, 76: nec quicquam propius est factum, quam ut illum persequeretur,
he was within an ace of following him
,Cic. Clu. 21, 59; so, propius nihil est factum, quam ut occideretur,id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 5, § 15.Sup.: proxĭmus (PROXVMVS and PROXSVMEIS, Tab. Bant.; late comp. proximior, Sen. Ep. 108, 16; Ulp. ap. Prisc. p. 607 P.; v. below, B. 2. and 3.; cf. in adv. 2. c.), a, um, adj., the nearest, next (class.). Lit., of place: proxima oppida,Caes. B. G. 3, 12: via,Lucr. 5, 103; cf.: via ad gloriam proxima et quasi compendiaria,Cic. Off. 2, 12, 43: ad proximum mare, dein Romam pergerent,Sall. J. 23, 2: in proximos collis discedunt,id. ib. 54, 10: proximum iter in Galliam,Caes. B. G. 1, 10: paries cum proximus ardet,Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 84: agri termini,id. C. 2, 18, 23: proximus vicinus,
,Ter. Hec. 3, 2, 6: huic locum in proximum conduxi,Cic. Fil. Fam. 16, 21, 4: per impluvium huc despexi in proximum,
into our neighbor's
,Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 16. Plur.: traicit in proxima continentis,Liv. 31, 46, 12.Trop. Of time, the next preceding or following, the previous, last, the next, the following, ensuing: quid proximā, quid superiore nocte egeris,Cic. Cat. 1, 1, 1: his proximis Nonis, cum in hortos Bruti venissemus,id. Lael. 2, 7: Gabinius quem proximis superioribus diebus acerrime oppugnasset,id. Fam. 1, 9, 20: se proximā nocte castra moturum, on the next, i.e. the following night, Caes. B. G. 1, 40 fin.; 2, 12; 3, 18; Liv. 2, 7, 1: proximo anno,Sall. J. 35, 2; Plin. 17, 23, 35, § 208: in proxumum annum (se) transtulit,Cic. Mil. 9, 24: proximo, altero, tertio, denique reliquis consecutis diebus,id. Phil. 1, 13, 32: bello tanto majore quam proximo conatu apparatum est,Liv. 4, 23, 6 Weissenb. ad loc.: IN DIEBVS V. PROXSVMEIS QVIBVS QVISQVE EORVM MAG (istratum) INIERIT, Tab. Bantin. lin. 14; so ib. lin. 12; Cic. Fam. 10, 26, 2; id. Att. 11, 11, 1: censor qui proximus ante me fuerat,id. Sen. 12, 42: die proximi, old abl. form for proximo, Cato ap. Gell. 10, 24, 10, and ap. Non. 153, 11; cf.: crastinus, pristinus, etc., but proximo a. d. VI. Kal. Octobr.,
recently
,
last of all
,Cic. Att. 18, 5. In order of succession, rank, estimation, worth, etc., the next: summa necessitudo videtur esse honestatis: huic proxima incolumitatis: tertia ac levissima commoditatis,Cic. Inv. 2, 58, 173: observat L. Domitium maxime, me habet proximum,id. Att. 1, 1, 3: proximos dentes eiciunt,Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 2: prima vulnera ... Proxima,Ov. M. 3, 233: proximos illi tamen occupavit Pallas honores,Hor. C. 1, 12, 19: proximum est, ut, it follows that, remains that, the next point is: proximum est ergo, ut, opus fuerit classe necne quaeramus, we must next inquire, Cic. Fl. 12, 27: proximum est, ut doceam, deorum providentiā mundum administrari,id. N. D. 2, 29, 73. Of value or quality, the next, most nearly approaching, most like or similar: id habendum est antiquissimum et deo proximum, quod est optimum,Cic. Leg. 2, 16, 40: ficta voluptatis causā sint proxima veris,Hor. A. P. 338: proxima Phoebi Versibus ille facit,Verg. E. 7, 22. Comp.: ut quorum abstinentiam interrupi, modum servem et quidem abstinentiae proximiorem,Sen. Ep. 108, 16. In relationship, connection, or resemblance, the nearest, next, most nearly or closely related, next of kin, most like: AGNATVS PROXIMVS, Fragm. XII. Tabularum: hic illi genere est proximus,Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 17: proximus cognatione,Cic. Inv. 2, 49, 144: id des proximum,id. Leg. 2, 16, 40: proxima virtutibus vitia,Quint. 10, 2, 16: propinquitate,Nep. Ages. 1, 3: proximae necessitudines,Petr. 116. Comp.: si quis proximior cognatus nasceretur, Ulp. ap. Prisc. p. 607 P. Subst.: proxĭmi, ōrum, m., one's nearest relatives, next of kin: injuriosi sunt in proximos,Cic. Off. 1, 14, 44; Caes. Fragm. ap. Gell. 5, 13, 6; Phaedr. 5, 1, 16: cum haec omnia cumulate tuis proximis plana fecero,i.e.
,Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 64. Adv.: proxĭmē (proxume; comp. proximius, v. below, 2. c.), nearest, very near, next.Lit., of place, with dat. (not in Cic., rare in Livy): quam proxime potest hostium castris castra communit,Caes. B. C. 1, 72 fin.; Liv. 25, 14, 4. With acc.: exercitum habere quam proxime hostem,Cic. Att. 6, 5, 3: proxime Pompeium sedebam,id. ib. 1, 14, 3: proxime Hispaniam Mauri sunt,Sall. J. 19, 4. With ab: a Surā proxime est Philiscum oppidum Parthorum,Plin. 5, 26, 21, § 89: omnes tamen quam proxime alter ab altero debent habitare,Col. 1, 6, 8.Trop. Of time, shortly before or after, last, next: civitates quae proxime bellum fecerant,Caes. B. G. 3, 29: Tito fratre suo censore, qui proximus ante me fuerat,Cic. Sen. 12, 42; id. Part. 39, 137; Plin. Ep. 4, 13, 3: cum proxime judices contrahentur,id. ib. 5, 7, 3. With acc.: proxime abstinentiam sumendus est cibus exiguus,Cels. 3, 2: proxime solis occasum,Pall. 9, 8, 5. Of order, rank, estimation, condition, etc., next to, next after, next: proxime et secundum deos homines hominibus maxime utiles esse possunt,Cic. Off. 2, 3, 1: me huic tuae virtuti proxime accedere,id. Fam. 11, 21, 4: proxime a nobilissimis viris,Vell. 2, 124, 4; id. 2, 127, 1: proxime valent cetera lauri genera,Plin. 23, 8, 80, § 158: utilissimum esse omphacium; proxime viride,id. 23, 4, 39, § 79. With acc.: esse etiam debent proxime hos cari, qui, etc., Cass. ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 13, 2: proxime morem Romanum,
closely following the Roman method
,Liv. 24, 48, 11: erat res minime certamini navali similis, proxime speciem muros oppugnantium navium,
closely resembling
,id. 30, 10. In this sense also with atque: proxime atque ille aut aeque,
nearly the same as he
,Cic. Fam. 9, 13, 2.Very closely, nicely, accurately: ut proxime utriusque differentiam signem,Quint. 6, 2, 20 Spald.; cf.: analogia, quam proxime ex Graeco transferentes in Latinum proportionem vocaverunt,id. 1, 6, 3. Comp.: nonne apertius, proximius, verius?Min. Fel. Oct. 19.
propitiabilis prŏpĭtĭābĭlis, e, adj.propitio, that is easy to be appeased, propitiable (anteand post-class.): animus, Enn. ap. Non. 155, 31 (Com. v. 6 Vahl.); Prud. στεφ. 14, 130.
propitiatio prŏpĭtĭātĭo, ōnis, f.id., an appeasing,atonement, propitiation (post-class.), Macr. Somn. Scip. 1, 7: propitiatio placatio est,Isid. Orig. 15, 4; Ambros. Cant. 2, 14; Vulg. Lev. 23, 28 et saep. Transf.: ipse est propitiatio pro peccatis nostris,Vulg. 1 Joh. 2, 2.
propitiator prŏpĭtĭātor, ōris, m.propitio, a propitiator (eccl. Lat.): habentes propitiatorem dominum nostrum Jesum Christum,Hier. Ep. 21, n. 2; Ambros. in Luc. prol. 7.
propitiatorius prŏpĭtĭātōrĭus, a, um, adj.propitiator, atoning, reconciling (eccl. Lat.): bonitas Dei,Ambros. Fug. Sec. 3, 14. Hence, subst.: ‡ prŏpĭtĭātōrĭum, ĭi, n.A means of reconciliation, an atonement, propitiation: propitiatorium, quasi propitiationis oratorium,Isid. Orig. 15, 4; Ambros. Ep. 4, 4.A place of atonement, Vulg. Exod. 25, 17; id. Heb. 9, 5.
propitiatrix prŏpĭtĭātrix, īcis, f.id., a propitiatress (eccl. Lat.): delictorum,Ambros. Laps. Virg. 4, n. 16.
propitietas prŏpĭtĭĕtas, ātis, f.propitius, a state of propitiation, reconciliation, Not. Tir. p. 92.
propitius prŏpĭtĭus, a, um (prōpĭtĭus, Juvenc. 1, 16, 43 al.), adj.prope, favorable, well-disposed, gracious, kind, propitious (class.; cf.: faustus, prosperus, secundus). Of persons, esp. of deities: Mars pater, te precor quaesoque, uti sies volens, propitius mihi domo familiaeque nostrae, an old formula of prayer in Cato, R. R. 141, 2: tam propitiam reddam, quam cum propitia est Juno Jovi,Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 112; cf. id. Poen. 1, 2, 164: cui homini di sunt propitii, ei non esse iratos puto,id. Curc. 4, 4, 1: ita deos mihi velim propitios, ut, etc.,Cic. Div. in Caecil. 13, 41: parentes,Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 6: hunc propitium sperant, illum iratum putant,Cic. Att. 8, 16, 2: uti volens propitius suam sospitet progeniem,Liv. 1, 16 Weissenb. ad loc. Of things: propitiis auribus accipitur,Sen. Suas. 1: propitius et tranquillus Oceanus,Flor. 3, 10: pax,Plaut. Trin. 4, 1, 18: voluntas,Nep. Dion, 9, 6.
propius prŏpĭus, adv., v. propior, I. fin.
proplasma prŏplasma, ătis, n., = πρόπλασμα, a pattern, model, after which the artist fashions a thing (post-Aug.), Plin. 35, 12, 45, § 155 (in Cic. Att. 12, 41, 4, written as Greek).
propnigeum prŏpnĭgēum, i, n., = προπνίγειον, the place before an oven or furnace, the room where a bath was heated (pure Lat. praefurnium), Vitr. 5, 11; Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 11.
Propoetides Prōpoetĭdes, um, f., = Πρωποιτιδες, Cyprian girls, who, having denied the divinity of Venus, were turned to stone, Ov. M. 10, 220; Lact. Placid. Fab. Ov. 10, 7.
propola prŏpōla (prōpōla, Lucil. v.infra), ae, m., = προπώλης, a forestaller, a retailer, huckster (class.): sicuti cum primus ficos propola recentes protulit, Lucil. ap. Non. 154, 27; Plaut. Aul. 3, 5, 38: panis et vinum a propolā, atque de cupā,Cic. Pis. 27, 67. As adj., Inscr. Fabr. p. 731, n. 450.
propolis prŏpŏlis, is, f., = πρόπολις, the third foundation in making honey, a gummy substance with which the bees close the crevices of their hives, bee-glue, propolis: propolin vocant, quod apes faciunt ad foramen introitus protectum in alvum, maxime aestate,Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 23: prima fundamenta comosin vocant periti, secunda pissoceron, tertia propolin,Plin. 11, 7, 6, § 16; 22, 24, 50, § 107; Gell. 5, 3, 4.
propolluo prō-pollŭo, ĕre, v. a., to defile or pollute, Tac. A. 3, 66 dub.; v. Orell. ad h. l.
propoma prŏpŏma, ătis, n., = πρόπομα, a drink taken before eating, a whet (postclass.), Pall. 3, 32in lemm.
propono prō-pōno, pŏsŭi, pŏsĭtum, 3, v. a., to put or set forth, to set or lay out, to place before, expose to view, to display (class.). Lit.: proponere vexillum,Caes. B. G. 2, 20: pallentesque manus, sanguineumque caput,Ov. Tr. 3, 9, 30: i puer et citus haec aliquā propone columnā,Prop. 3 (4), 23, 23.aliquid venale,
,Nep. Att. 21, 2.To offer, propose as a reward: Xerxes praemium proposuit, qui invenisset novam voluptatem,Cic. Tusc. 5, 7, 20: populo congiarium, militi donativum,Suet. Ner. 7. In a bad sense, to threaten, denounce: cui cum publicatio bonorum, exsilium, mors proponeretur,Cic. Planc. 41, 97: injuriae, quae propositae sunt a Catone,id. Fam. 1, 5, b, 2: contentiones, quae mihi proponuntur,id. Att. 2, 19, 1: improbis poenam,id. Fin. 2, 17, 57: damnationem et mortem sibi proponat ante oculos,Liv. 2, 54, 6; Just. 16, 5, 2.To lay before, to propose for an answer: aliquam quaestionem, Nep Att. 20, 2: aenigma,Vulg. Ezech. 17, 2.To purpose, resolve, intend, design, determine: consecutus id, quod animo proposuerat,Caes. B. G. 7, 47: cum id mihi propositum initio non fuisset,
I had not proposed it to myself
,
had not intended it
,Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 6. With inf.: neque propositum nobis est hoc loco (laudare), etc.,
I am resolved
,Cic. Brut. 6, 25. With ut: propositum est, non ut eloquentiam meam perspicias, sed ut,
the design is
,Cic. Brut. 92, 318.To say or mention beforehand (post-Aug.), Col. 8, 17, 8.To state the first premise of a syllogism: cum proponimus,Cic. Inv. 1, 39, 70; 1, 40, 72.To impose (post-class.): novam mihi propono dicendi legem,Mamert. Genethl. 5. Hence, prōpŏsĭtum, i, n.A plan, intention, design, resolution, purpose (class.): quidnam Pompeius propositi aut voluntatis ad dimicandum haberet,Caes. B. C. 3, 84: assequi,
to attain
,Cic. Fin. 3, 6, 22: est enim propositum, ut iratum efficiat judicem,id. Part. 4, 14: tenere,
proporro prō-porro, adv. (Lucretian). Lit., furthermore, moreover: et, sibi proporro quae sint primordia, quaerunt,Lucr. 2, 979; 4, 890; 5, 312; Lucil. ap. Non. p. 140, 13.Transf., in gen., altogether, utterly, wholly, Lucr. 3, 275; 281.
proportio prō-portĭo, ōnis, f., comparative relation, proportion, symmetry, analogy, likeness (class.): proportio, quod dicunt ἀνάλογον, Varr. L. L. 10, § 2 Müll.; Cic. Univ. 5: Penatis singulariter Labeo Antistius posse dici putat, quia pluraliter Penates dicantur: cum patiatur proportio etiam Penas dici, ut optimas, primas, Antias, Fest. s. v. penatis, p. 253 Müll.: id optime assequitur quae Graece ἀναλογία, Latine (audendum est enim, quoniam haec primum a nobis novantur) comparatio, proportiove dici potest, Cic. Univ. 4; Quint. 1, 6, 3 and 9: uti proportione,Varr. R. R. 1, 18, 3; Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 21, § 46.
proportionabiliter prōportĭōnābĭlĭter, adv.lengthened form of proportionaliter, proportionally, Boëth. 1 Geom. p. 1206.
proportionalis prōportĭōnālis, e, adj.proportio, of or belonging to proportion, proportional (post-class.): termini,Front. Colon. p. 111. Hence, prōportĭōnālĭter, adv., proportionally, Cassiod. Geom. 6.
propositio prōpŏsĭtĭo, ōnis, f.propono. A setting forth or proposing, a representation. (Mental; class.) Vitae,Cic. Tusc. 3, 18, 39: rerum magnarum cum animi amplā quādam propositione cogitatio,Cic. Inv. 2, 54, 163. (In words.) Sunt quaedam tam breves causae, ut propositionem potius habeant quam narrationem, Quint. 4, 2, 4; cf. Dig. 2, 1, 7, § 2.A design, purpose, resolution, determination: propositio animi,Dig. 50, 16, 225. In logic, the first proposition of a syllogism (class.): propositio est, per quem locus is breviter exponitur, ex quo vis omnis oportet emanet ratiocinationis,Cic. Inv. 1, 37, 67; 1, 34, 35; Auct. Her. 2, 18, 28.Transf.A principal subject, theme (class.), Cic. de Or. 3, 53; Sen. Ben. 6, 7, 1; Quint. 5, 14, 1. Still more generally, a proposition of any kind (post-Aug.), Quint. 7, 1, 47, § 9; Gell. 2, 7, 21. In jurid. lang., a statement of a question of law; a case submitted for legal opinion, Dig. 16, 1, 19, § 1; 36, 4, 6. Esp. in bibl. lang., a setting forth for public view: panes propositionis,Vulg. Exod. 25, 30; id. Marc. 2, 26 et saep.
propositus prōpŏsĭtus, a, um, Part., from propono.
propraefectus prō-praefectus, i, m., a vice-prefect, Inscr. Murat. p. 17, n. 7.
propraetor prō-praetor, ōris, m. (also prōprae-tōre or prō praetōre, indecl.), a magistrate in the times of the republic, who, after having administered the prœtorship one year in Rome, was sent in the following yearas prœtor to a province where there was no army, a proprœtor (class.). Form propraetor: cum bella a propraetoribus administrantur,Cic. Div. 2, 36, 76. Form pro praetore, Sall. J. 103, 4: prorogatum Tubulo est, ut pro praetore in Etruriam succederet Calpurnio,Liv. 27, 22, 5.One who administers the prœtorship of a province in the absence of the prœtor: Aulo fratre in castris pro praetore relicto,Sall. J. 36, 4: quem pro praetore in castris relictum supra diximus,id. ib. 37, 3; Liv. 10, 25, 11; 29, 6, 9; Tac. A. 2, 66 al.; Caes. B. G. 1, 21.
,Ov. P. 4, 7, 14. With pron. poss. (class. and freq.): ut cum ademerit nobis omnia, quae nostra erant propria, ne lucem quoque hanc, quae communis est, eripere cupiat,
all that belonged peculiarly to us
,Cic. Rosc. Am. 52, 150: suā quādam propriā, non communi oratorum facultate,id. de Or. 1, 10, 44: ut redeas ad consuetudinem vel nostram communem vel tuam solius et propriam, Luc. ap. Cic. Fam. 5, 14, 3: omnia qui jubet esse communia, ne quis civis propriam aut suam rem ullam queat dicere,Cic. Rep 4, 5, 5; id. ap. Non. p. 362: suis propriis periculis parere commune reliquis otium,id. Rep. 1, 4, 7: quod (periculum) autem meum erat proprium,id. Fam. 2, 17, 7; id. Sest. 7, 15; calamitatem aut propriam suam aut temporum queri,Caes. B. C. 3, 20. Opp. alienus, etc., one's own, peculiar, special, characteristic, personal: tempus agendi fuit mihi magis proprium quam ceteris,Cic. Sull. 3, 9: reliquae partes quales propriae sunt hominis,id. Fin. 5, 12, 35: id non proprium senectutis est vitium, sed commune valetudinis,id. Sen. 11, 35: libertatem propriam Romani generis,id. Phil. 3, 11, 29: proprium id Tiberio fuit,Tac. A. 4, 19: ira,
personal resentment
,id. ib. 2, 55. As subst.: prō^prĭ-um, i, n.Lit., a possession, property: id est cujusque proprium, quo quisque fruitur atque utitur,Cic. Fam. 7, 30, 2: vivere de proprio,Mart. 12, 78, 2.Trop., acharacteristic mark, a sign, characteristic, etc., Cic. Off. 1, 1, 2; 2, 5, 17; Caes. B. G. 6, 23. In partic., peculiar, extraordinary: nisi mihi fortuna proprium consilium extorsisset, Sent. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 35, 1: superbo decreto addidit propriam ignominiam,Liv. 35, 33.Lasting, constant, permanent, perpetual (class.): illum amatorem tibi proprium futurum in vitā,Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 67; Att. ap. Non. 362, 5: nihil in vitā proprium mortali datum esse,Lucil. ib. 362, 15: alicui proprium atque perpetuum,Cic. Imp. Pomp. 16, 48: perenne ac proprium manere,id. Red. in Sen. 4, 9: parva munera diutina, locupletia non propria esse consueverunt,Nep. Thras. 4, 2; Hor. S. 2, 6, 5; cf. id. Ep. 2, 2, 172: deferens uni propriam laurum,id. C. 2, 2, 22; Verg. A. 6, 871: victoriam propriam se eis daturam,
lasting
,Hirt. B. Afr. 32. Comp., Ov. M. 12, 284; id. P. 1, 2, 152; Liv. 4, 27, 3. Hence, adv.: proprĭē. Specially, peculiarly, properly, strictly for one's self (opp. communiter; class.): quod me amas, est tibi commune cum multis: quod tu ipse tam amandus es, id est proprie tuum,Cic. Fam. 9, 15, 1: promiscue toto (Campo Martio), quam proprie parvā parte frui malletis,
propter propter, adv. and prep.contr. for propiter, from prope; cf.: inter, subter. Adv., near, hard by, at hand (syn.: prope, juxta; rare but class.). serito in loco, ubi aqua propter siet,Cato, R. R. 151, 2: ibi angiportum propter est,Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 37: propter dormire,id. Eun. 2, 3, 77: araque Panchaeos exhalat propter odores,Lucr. 2, 417: propter est spelunca,Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 48, § 107 (al. prope): vident unum virum esse ... et eum propter esse,id. Imp. Pomp. 5, 13: cum duo reges propter assint,id. ib. 6, 16: (caules) si propter sati sunt,id. N. D. 2, 47, 120: duo filii propter cubantes,id. Rosc. Am. 23, 64; id. Inv. 2, 4, 14: adulescentia voluptates propter intuens,id. Sen. 14, 48; id. ap. Non. 367, 25: cornix propter volans,Phaedr. 2, 6, 7: praeter propter, v praeter. Prep. with acc., near, hard by, close to (syn.: prope, juxta, ad). Lit., of place (rare but class.); stat propter virum fortem,Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 9; id. Curc. 4, 1, 14; id. Rud. prol. 33: partem cohortium propter mare collocat, Sisenn ap. Non. 367, 32: hic propter hunc assiste,Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 15: propter eam porticum situm erat dolium, Varr ap. Non. 367, 31: propter Platonis statuam consedimus,Cic. Brut. 6, 25: propter aliquem assidere,id. Rep. 1, 11, 17 (cited ap. Non. 367, 28): insulae propter Siciliam,id. N. D. 3, 22, 55: propter aquae rivum,Lucr. 2, 30; Verg. E. 8, 87. Following its case: viam propter,Tac. A. 15, 47: hostem propter,id. ib. 4, 48.Trop., in stating a cause. On account of, by reason of, from, for, because of (syn. ob; the predom. signif. of the word): parere legibus propter metum,Cic. Par. 5, 1, 34; cf.: propter metum poenae,id. Sest. 46, 99: propter eam ipsam causam,id. de Or. 1, 16, 72: propter frigora frumenta in agris matura non erant,Caes. B. G. 1, 16: propter humanitatem,Cic. Att. 7, 5, 2: is propter morbum exire non potuit,Auct. Her. 1, 11, 19: excusato languore faucium propter quem non adesset,Suet. Ner. 41; id. Aug. 8; Sall. J. 23, 1: bidentes propter viam facere, to sacrifice on account of a journey, Laber, ap. Non. 53, 26; cf.: propter viam fit sacrificium quod est proficiscendi gratiā, Herculi aut Sanco,Fest. p. 229 Müll.; Plaut. Rud. 1, 2, 62: propter injuriam,
to avoid injury
,Pall. 12, 13: propter hoc, propter quod,
on that account
,
for which reason
,Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 14; Col. 1, 6, 18: propter me, te, etc., on my, thy account, etc., as far as I (you, etc.) are concerned, = mea causā, or per me: egon propter me illam decipi miseram sinam?Ter. And. 1, 5, 36; id. Eun. 4, 6, 6: non est aequom me propter vos decipi,id. Phorm. 5, 7, 34: di numquam propter me de caelo descendent,Liv. 6, 18, 9.Through, by means of (rare). Referring to persons in whom lies the cause of a thing: te propter tuam Matrem non posse habere hanc uxorem domi,Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 55: propter quos vivit,
propterea proptĕrĕā, adv.propter-is, therefore, for that cause, on that account (syn.: ideo, idcirco, inde; class.): quia mihi natalis est dies, propterea te vocari ad cenam volo,Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 71: propterea ... quia,Cic. Div 1, 14, 25; 2, 22, 49; id. Lael. 2, 6: haec propterea de me dixi, ut, etc.,id. Lig. 3, 8: propterea quoniam,Gell. 3, 6: propterea, quod,
proptosis proptōsis, is, f., = πρόπτωσις, a prolapse (post-class.), Marc. Emp. 8.
propudianus prōpŭdĭānus, a, um, adj.propudium, offered on account of infamous deeds: propudianus porcus dictus est, ut ait Capito Atteius, qui in sacrificio gentis Claudiae velut piamentum et exsolutio omnis contractae religionis est,Fest. p. 238 Müll.
propudiosus prō^pŭdĭōsus, a, um, adj.id., shameful, disgraceful, infamous (ante- and postclass.), Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 10: uxor,Gell. 2, 7, 20: ancilla propudiosissima,Sid. Ep. 9, 6: facinus,Arn. 5, 175: concubitus,id. 4, 149: meretrices,Min. Fel. 25, 9: mulier,App. M. 9, p. 229, 31.
propudium prō^pŭdĭum, ĭi, n.pro-pudet. A shameful or infamous action (ante-class. and post-Aug.): propudium dicebant, cum maledicto nudare turpitudinem volebant, quasi porro pudendum. Quidam propudium putant dici, a quo pudor et pudicitia procul sint,Fest. p. 227 Müll.: propudii aliquem insimulare,Plaut. Mil. 2, 4, 11. In plur.: hoc cinere poto propudia virorum inhiberi,Plin. 28, 8, 32, § 122.Transf., concr., a shameful person, vile wretch, a rascal, villain, a term of abuse (class.): quid ais, propudium?Plaut. Curc. 1, 3, 34; id. Bacch. 4, 1, 7; cf. id. Poen. 1, 2, 60: propudium illud et portentum L. Antonius,Cic. Phil. 14, 3, 8; App M. 8, p. 215, 15.
propudium prō^pŭdĭum, a dub. reading: moraris tanquam propudium ignores,Petr. 99; perh. a signal to set sail (Bücheler), or a vulgar form for propediem.
propugnaculum prōpugnācŭlum, i, n.propugno, a bulwark, tower, rampart, fortress, defence (class.). Lit.: pontes et propugnacula jungunt,Verg. A. 9, 170; Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 34, § 88: Siciliae,i. e.
the fleet
,id. ib. 2, 3, 80, § 186: solidati muri, propugnacula addita,Tac. H. 2, 19: moenium,id. ib. 3, 84: navium,i. e.
propugnatio prōpugnātĭo, ōnis, f.id.. A fighting for, defence of a place (post-class.), Val. Max. 5, 1, 4ect.A defence, vindication (class.): with the gen. or pro: propugnatio ac defensio dignitatis tuae,Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 2: propugnatio pro ornamentis tuis, id. ib. 5, 8, 1: ne mea propugnatio ei potissimum defuisse videatur,id. Sest. 2, 3.
propugnator prō-pugnātor, ōris, m.propugno, one who fights in defence of a place, a defender, soldier (class.). Lit.: classis inops propter dimissionem propugnatorum,
propugnatrix prōpugnātrix, īcis, f.propugnator, she that defends, a protectress: PROPVGNATRIX MEORVM PERICVLORVM, Inscr. Marin. Iscriz. Alb. p. 136.
propugno prō-pugno, āvi, ātum, 1, v. n. and a.To rush out to fight, go forth to fight, to make sallies or sorties: ipsi ex silvis rari propugnabant,Caes. B. G. 5, 9; cf. id. ib. 2. 7; id. B. C. 2, 8.To fight or contend for, to defend a thing (class.; syn.: tutor, defendo). Lit.: uno tempore propugnare et munire,Caes. B. C. 3, 45: pro suo partu,Cic. Tusc. 5, 27, 79: multos e muris propugnantes hastā transfixit,Curt. 4, 4, 11. With dat. (post-class.): propugnare fratri,App. M. 9, p. 234, 28: puero misello,id. ib. 7, p. 200, 13.Trop.: pro aequitate,Cic. Off. 1, 19, 62: pro salute,id. Fam. 11, 16, 2. With acc. (post-Aug.), to defend: absentiam suam,Suet. Caes. 23: dum quae libidine deliquerant, ambitu propugnant,Tac. A. 13, 31 fin.; 15, 13: pectora parmā,Stat. Th. 2. 584; 4, 110.
propulsatio prōpulsātĭo, ōnis, f.propulso, a driving back, a keeping or warding off, a repelling, repulse (rare but class.): periculi,Cic. Sull. 1, 2: criminis, Tiro ap. Gell. 7, 3, 15.
propulsator prōpulsātor, ōris, m.id., one that drives back, a warder off, averter (postclass.): propulsatorem odio insecutus,Val. Max. 7, 8, 7: valetudinum pessimarum,Arn. 7, p. 249.
propulsor prōpulsor, ōris, m.id., one that wards off or drives back (post-class.): cornigeri pecudis, Venant. Vit. S. Mart. 3, 301.
propulsus prōpulsus, a, um, Part., from propello.
propulsus prōpulsus, ūs (only in abl. sing.), m.propello, a driving on or forth, propulsion, impulse (post-Aug.): ventum propulsu suo concitare,Sen. Q. N. 5, 14, 3.
propungo prō-pungo, ĕre, 3, v. a., to prick, puncture in front (post-class.): tum partium propungentibus pilis capitis,Cael. Aur. Tard. 1, 1 dub. (al. tum praerasis prominentibus pilis, capiti).
propurgo prō-purgo, āre, v. a., to cleanse beforehand, Not. Tir. p. 120; Vulg. Ecclus. 7, 33.
propylaeum prŏpylaeum (-laeon), or prŏpy-lon, i, n., = προπύλαιον, a gateway, entrance; esp. (in plur.) of the celebrated entrance to the temple of Pallas in the citadel of Athens, the Propylœum: Phalereus Demetrius Periclem vituperat, quod tantam pecuniam in praeclara illa propylaea conjecerit,Cic. Off. 2, 17, 60: propylaea nobilia. id. Rep. 3, 32, 44. In sing.: cum Athenis propylaeon pingeret,Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 101 (al. propylon); 36, 5, 3, § 10.
proquaestore prō-quaestōre, or, separately, prōquaestōre, a magistrate, who, after administering the quœstorship at Rome, was associated with a proconsul in the administration of a province, a proquœstor: qui et legatus et pro quaestore fuisset,Cic. Verr. 1, 4, 11: cum Alexandriae pro quaestore essem,id. Ac. 2, 4, 11. Abbreviated, Proq., Lentul. ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 15, 2. Plur.: proconsul cum quaestoribus provequaestoribus,Cic. Phil. 10, 11, 26.
proquam prōquam, and, separate, prō quam, v. pro, 1.
proquirito prō-quĭrīto, no perf., ātum, 1, v. a., to cry out or exclaim in public, to publish, proclaim (post-class.): epistulam saepe aperiens proquiritabat,App. Mag. p. 326, 8: lex proquiritata,Sid. Ep. 8, 6: hoc opusculum, Claud. Mam. Stat. Anim. praef. p. 33.
prora prōra, ae (collat. form prōris; acc. prorim, Att. ap. Non. 200, 33, or Trag. 575), f., = πρώρα. The forepart of a ship, the prow (opp. puppis, the stern; class.): astitit prorae,Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 65; Lucr. 2, 554: prorae admodum erectae,Caes. B. G. 3, 13: rostrata,Plin. 9, 30, 49, § 94: terris advertere proram,Verg. G. 4, 117; id. A. 6, 3; 7, 35: prorae tutela Melanthus, i. e. the lookout stationed at the prow, = proreta, Ov. M. 3, 617: suspensa prora navim in puppim statuebat,Liv. 24, 34: prorae litore illisae,id. 22, 20; Luc. 9, 1082; Stat. Th. 5, 335. Prov.: mihi prora et puppis, ut Graecorum proverbium est, fuit a me tui dimittendi, ut rationes nostras explicares, i. e. my intention from beginning to end, my whole design, Gr. πρώρα καὶ πρύμνη, Cic. Fam. 16, 24, 1.Poet., transf., a ship: quot prius aeratae steterant ad litora prorae,Verg. A. 10, 223; Ov. M. 14, 164.
prorepo prō-rēpo, psi, ptum, 3, v. n., to creep forth, crawl out, come out in a gradual or unobserved manner (poet. and in post-Aug. prose). Lit.: (formica) non usquam prorepit,Hor. S. 1, 1, 37: cum prorepserunt primis animalia terris,id. ib. 1, 3, 99: cochleae prorepunt e cavis terrae,Plin. 8, 39, 59, § 140: aegri quoque ad conspectum tui prorepere,Plin. Pan. 22, 3.Transf.To creep along, crawl forwards to a place: rumore caedis exterritus prorepsit ad solarium proximum,Suet. Claud. 10. Of inanimate subjects, to come forth gradually, to put forth, to ooze out, exude, of the vine: prorepentes oculi,Col. 11, 2, 38; 3, 10, 3: pampinus e duro prorepsit,id. 4, 22, 4: tardaque sudanti prorepunt balsama ligno, Claud. Nupt. Honor. et Mar. 96: ne palmites libero excursu in luxuriam prorepant,Col. 5, 5, 13: umor lente prorepit,
gradually flows off
,id. 2, 16, 5: nervus prorepit usque ad ultimam partem caudae,
proreta prōrēta, ae, m., = πρωράτης, the lookout man at the prow, the under-pilot (anteand post-class.): si tu proreta isti navi es, ego gubernator ero,Plaut. Rud. 4, 3, 75; Dig. 39, 4, 11.
proreus prōreus (dissyl.), ĕi, m., = πρωρεύς, the lookout man at the prow, under-pilot (poet.), Ov. M. 3, 634.
,App. M. 7, p. 196, 15. Without se (poet.): quo deinde ruis? quo proripis?Verg. A. 5, 741.Trop. (poet.): ne virilis Cultus in caedem, et Lycias proriperet catervas?Hor. C. 1, 8, 16.
proris prōris, f., v. prora.
prorito prō-rīto, āre, v. a.like ir-rito, āre; cf. also ira. To provoke, cause, or produce by irritation (post - Aug.), Plin. 26, 8, 58, § 90.Transf., to incite, entice, allure, tempt (post-Aug.): nisi pretium proritat,Col. 2, 10, 17: quem spes proritat,Sen. Ep. 23, 2: proritat illos rei species,id. Tranq. 12, 5: stomachum varietate aptā ciborum,Scrib. Comp. 104: aliquem ad furias,Arn. 5, 178.
prorogatio prōrŏgātĭo, ōnis, f.prorogo. A prolonging, extension of a term of office: prorogatio imperii,
prorogativus prōrŏgātīvus, a, um, adj.id., admitting of delay, prorogative (post-Aug.): prorogativa fulmina sunt, quorum minae differri possunt,Sen. Q. N. 2, 47 fin.
prorogator prōrŏgātor, ōris, m.id., one that pays or gives out, a dispenser (post-class.): tritici, vini, et olei,Cassiod. Var. 10, 28.
prorogo prō-rŏgo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.To prolong, continue, extend, protract (class.; syn.: propago, produco): ne quinquennii imperium Caesari prorogaretur,
Prorsa Prorsa (Prōsa), ae, f.2. prorsus, sc. dea, i. e. the goddess presiding over births with the head foremost (opp. Postverta), Varr. ap. Gell. 16, 16, 4; cf. Hartung, Relig. d. Röm. 2, p. 199.
prorsum prorsum (collat. form prōsum, like prosus=prorsus, Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 6 Ritschl), adv.pro-versum. Forwards (poet.): neque prorsum iniit,Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 32: cursari rursum prorsum,
to and fro
,Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 35.Straight on, right onwards, directly (ante-class.): simulato, quasi eas prorsum in navem,Plaut. Pers. 4, 5, 5; id. Mil. 4, 4, 56 Ritschl.Trop., straightforwards, without ceremony, i. e. wholly, absolutely, at all (ante- and post-class.): prorsum perit,Plaut. Curc. 5, 3, 3: prorsum quodcumque videbat fecisse, Cato ap. Charis. p. 189 P.: praedones prorsum parcunt nemini, Plaut. ib.: prorsum credebam nemini,id. Pers. 4, 3, 8: prorsum nihil intellego,Ter. Heaut. 4, 5, 28; cf. id. Eun. 2, 3, 41: irritatus,Gell. 17, 3, 3.
prorsus prorsus (collat. form prōsus, Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 2; Enn. ap. Non. 165, 11; Trag. Rel. p. 28 Rib.; but p. 107 Vahl. reads prorsus), adv.for pro-versus. Forwards (ante-class.): non prorsus, verum transvorsus cedit, quasi cancer solet,Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 45.Straight on, right onwards, directly (ante- and post-class.), Cato ap. Fest. p. 234 Müll.: tunc Arionem prorsus ex eo loco Corinthum petivisse,Gell. 16, 19, 17.Trop.Straightway, by all means, certainly, truly, precisely, utterly, absolutely (class.): prorsus perii,Plaut. Aul. 2, 8, 27: vide ne ille huc prorsus se inruat,Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 11; 3, 2, 26: prorsus tacere nequeo,id. Hec. 4, 4, 51: ita prorsus existimo, Cic. Tusc. 2, 5, 14: nullo modo potest fleri prosus,Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 2: nullo modo prorsus assentior,Cic. N. D. 3, 8, 21; id. Att. 13, 45, 1: verbum prorsus nullum intellego,
,Just. 1, 7, 16. After an enumeration of particulars, in short, in fine, in a word: igitur colos exsanguis, foedi oculi: citus modo, modo tardus incessus; prorsus in facie vultuque vecordia inerat,Sall. C. 15, 5; 25, 5; id. J. 23, 1; 30, 3 al.
prorsus prorsus (collat. form prōsus; v. II.), a, um, adj.for pro-versus. Straightforwards, right onwards, straight, direct (post-Aug.): prorso tramite siste gradus (al. proso),Avien. 3: prorsi limites appellantur in agrorum mensuris, qui ad orientem directi sunt,Fest. p. 234, and Paul. ex Fest. p. 235 Müll.Trop., of style, straightforwards, i. e. prosaic, in prose, opp. to verse (post-class.): prorsum est porro versum, id est ante versum. Hinc et prorsa oratio, quam non inflexit cantilena, Don. Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 14: et prorsa et vorsa facundia veneratus sum,
prorumpo prō-rumpo, rūpi, ruptum, 3, v. a. and n.Act., to thrust or cast forth, to cause to break, burst, or rush forth, to send forth: (Aetna) atram prorumpit ad aethera nubem,Verg. A. 3, 572: proruptus pons,
broken down
,Tac. H. 1, 86 (al. proruto). With se, to burst forth, dash forth: cerva in fugam sese prorupit,Gell. 15, 22, 6. Mid.: prorumpi, to rush or burst forth: hinc prorumpitur in mare venti vis,Lucr. 6, 436: mare proruptum,Verg. A. 1, 246: proruptum exundat pelagus,Sil. 3, 51: proruptus corpore sudor,Verg. A. 7, 459: prorupto sanguine,Stat. Th. 2, 626.Neutr., to rush or break forth, to burst out.Lit.: per medios audacissime proruperunt,Caes. B. G. 5, 15: in hostes,Verg. A. 10, 379: obsessi omnibus portis prorumpunt,Tac. H. 4, 34. Transf., of things, to break out, break or burst forth, make its appearance: cum diu cohibitae lacrimae prorumperent,Plin. Ep. 3, 16, 5: vis morbi in unum intestinum prorupit,Nep. Att. 21, 3: incendium proruperat,
a fire had broken out
,Tac. A. 15, 40: stercora,Vulg. Judic. 3, 22: prorumpit in auras vox,Sil. 3, 699: nihil prorupit, quo conjuratio intellegeretur,
,id. ib. 11, 35: ad quod victo silentio prorupit reus,
at which he broke silence and burst forth
,id. ib. 11, 2; 12, 54; 13, 12.
proruo prō-rŭo, rŭi, rŭtum, 3, v. a. and n.Act., to cast or tear down in front, to pull down, throw down, hurl to the ground, overthrow, overturn, demolish (class.): his (munitionibus) prorutis,Caes. B. G. 3, 26: vallo proruto, jam in castra proclium intulerat,Liv. 4, 29; Curt. 4, 13, 26; columnam,Hor. C. 1, 35, 14: Albam a fundamentis,
proruptor prōruptor, ōris, m.id., one that breaks forth, sallies out from a besieged place (post-class.), Amm. 24, 5.
proruptus prōruptus, a, um, Part., from prorumpo.
prorutus prōrŭtus, a, um, Part., from proruo.
prosa prōsa, ae, v. 2. prorsus, II.
prosaicus prōsăĭcus, a, um, adj.1. prosa. Prosaic, in prose (post-class.): prosaico relatu, Ven. Carm. 7, 11, 1; id. Vit. S. Mart. 1, 13.Subst.: prōsăĭcus, i, m., a prose writer, prosaist (post-class.), Ven. Vit. S. Mart. 2, 469.
prosa oratio prōsa ōrātĭo, and prōsa, v. 2. prorsus, II.
prosapia prōsāpĭa, ae (collat. form prōsāpĭes, ēi or ēs), f.pro and root sa.; cf. sero, satus, a stock, race, family (archaic; v. Quint. 1, 6, 40; 8, 3, 26; cf.: stirps, genus, progenies, posteritas): prosapia progenies: id est porro sparsis et quasi jactis liberis: quia supare significat jacere et disicere, Paul. ex Fest. p. 225 Müll.: veteres prosapias (perh. to be read veteris prosapies, as a gen. sing.), Cato ap. Non. 67, 30: de Coclitum prosapiā esse,Plaut. Curc. 3, 23: rogitares, unde esset, quā prosapiā,id. Merc. 3, 4, 49: homo veteris prosapiae,Sall. J. 85, 10; so, vetus,Just. 14, 6, 11; Suet. Galb. 2: et eorum, ut utamur veteri verbo, prosapiam,Cic. Univ. 11; cf.: nec utique ab ultimis et jam oblitteratis repetita (verba) temporibus, qualia sunt... prosapia,Quint. 1, 6, 40: insulsum (verbum),id. 8, 3, 26. Galba magnā et vetere prosapiā, Suet. Galb. 2: pro gloriā veteris prosapiae,Just. 14, 6, 11; Prud. Apoth. 1006. Form prosapies: tot stuprorum sordidam prosapiem, Prud. στεφ. 10, 180; Cassiod. Var 9, 25: prosapies, γένους καταγωγή, Gloss. Philox.
prosapodosis prŏsăpŏdŏsis, is, f., a figure of speech, defined by Mart. Cap. § 533 Kopp (al. proapodosis, q. v.).
prosarius prōsārĭus, a, um, adj.1. prosa, of or belonging to prose, prosaic (post-class.): opus,Sid. Ep. 3, 14: loquendi genus,id. ib. 9, 13.
prosator prōsător, ōris, m.pro-sero, an ancestor (eccl. Lat.), Jul. ap. Aug. c. Sec. Resp. Jul. 1, 90.
prosatrix prōsatrix, īcis, f.id., an ancestress, Isid. Gloss.
prosatus prōsătus, a, um, Part., from 1. prosero.
proscaenium proscaenĭum (proscēn-), ii, n.,= προσκήνιον. The place before the scene where the actors appeared, the proscenium; also, in gen., the stage, Plaut. Am. prol. 91; id. Truc. prol. 10, id. Poen. prol. 17: veteres ineunt proscaenia ludi,Verg. G. 2, 381: theatrum et proscaenium ad Apollinis locavit,Liv. 40, 51; Vitr. 5, 6; Suet. Ner. 12: proscaenii contabulatio,App. Flor. 4, p. 359, 1. Transf., a theatre (post-class.), Claud. Laud. Stil. 2, 403.
proscholus proschŏlus, i, m., = πρόσχολος, an under-teacher, under-master (post-class.): tam pauper, ut proscholus esset grammatici,Aug. Serm. Apostol. Serm. 178, n. 8; Aus. Prof. 22in lemm.
proscindo prō-scindo, scĭdi, scissum, 3, v. a., to tear open in front, to rend, split, cleave, cut up, cut in pieces (poet. and in post-Aug. prose). Lit. In gen.: ferro proscindere quercum,Luc. 3, 434: piscem,App. Mag. p. 300, 18 and 20: spumanti Rhodanus proscindens gurgite campos,Sil. 3, 449: vulnere pectus,Stat. Th. 10, 439: fulgure terram,Just. 44, 3, 6. In partic., in agriculture, of the first ploughing, to break up the land: rursum terram cum primum arant, proscindere appellant; cum iterum, offringere dicunt, quod primā aratione glebae grandes solent excitari. Varr. R. R. 1, 29, 2; 1, 27, 2: terram transversis adversisque sulcis,Col. 3, 13, 4: priusquam ares, proscindito, Cato ap. Plin. 18, 19, 49, § 176: bubulcum autem per proscissum ingredi oportet, the trench, furrow, Col. 2, 2, 25; 3, 13, 4; 11, 2, 32. Poet., in gen., for arare, to plough: rorulentas terras, Att. ap. Non. p. 395, 22 (Trag. Rel. v. 496 Rib.): validis terram proscinde juvencis,Verg. G. 2, 237: terram pressis aratris,Lucr. 5, 209: ferro campum,Ov. M. 7, 119.Transf., to cut through, to cleave, furrow (poet.): rostro ventosum aequor. Cat. 64, 12: remo stagna,Sil. 8, 603.Trop., to cut up with words, to censure, satirize, revile, defame: aliquem,Ov. P. 4, 16, 47: equestrem ordinem,Suet. Calig. 30: aliquem foedissimo convicio,id. Aug. 13: carminibus proscissus,Plin. 36, 6, 7, § 48: aliquem famoso carmine, Suet. Vit. Luc.; Val. Max. 5, 3, 3; 8, 5, 2.
proscissio prōscissĭo, ōnis, f.proscindo, I. B.. In agriculture, the first ploughing, a breaking up, Col. 2, 13, 6; 6, 2, 8.
proscissus prōscissus, a, um, Part., from proscindo.
proscribo prō-scrībo, psi, ptum, 3, v. a., to write before or in front of, to write over or upon, to inscribe. In gen. (post-Aug.): vultus voluntariā poenarum lege proscripti,
written over
,
inscribed
,Petr. 107. In partic. To publish any thing by writing (freq. and class.): ut quo die esse oporteret idus Januarias, eo die Calendas Martias proscriberet,Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 52, § 129: quam (legem) non is promulgavit, quo nomine proscriptam videtis,id. ib. 2, 5, 69, § 177: non proscriptā neque edictā die,id. ib. 1, 54, 141: venationem,id. Att. 16, 4, 1: leges,Tac. A. 13, 51: versiculos per vias,Gell. 15, 4, 3. With obj.-clause: senatum Calendis velle se frequentem adesse, etiam Formiis proscribi jussit,Cic. Att. 9, 17, 1: proscribit se auctionem esse facturum,id. Quint. 4, 15; cf. Suet. Caes. 49.To offer in writing any thing for sale, lease, or hire, or as to be sold by auction, to post up, advertise: proscribere palam sic accipimus, claris litteris, ut, etc.,Dig. 14, 3, 11: Racilius tabulam proscripsit, se familiam Catonianam venditurum,Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 6, 5: Claudius proscripsit insulam, vendidit,id. Off. 3, 16, 65.To publish a person as having forfeited his property, to punish with confiscation, to confiscate one's property (cf. publico): quaero enim, quid sit aliud proscribere. Velitis, jubeatis, ut M. Tullius in civitate ne sit, bonaque ejus ut mea sint,Cic. Dom. 17, 43: Pompeium,
,id. ib. 3, 4, 14: possessiones,id. ib.: bona,Plin. Ep. 8, 18, 5.To proscribe, outlaw one, by hanging up a tablet with his name and sentence of outlawry, confiscation of goods, etc.: posteaquam victoria constituta est, cum proscriberentur homines, qui adversarii fuisse putabantur,Cic. Rosc. Am. 6, 16: victoriā Sullae parentes,Sall. C. 37, 9: modus proscribendi,Suet. Aug. 27. Hence, P. a., as subst.: prōscriptus, i, an outlaw, one proscribed: contra legem Corneliam, quae proscriptum juvari vetat,Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 47, § 123: proscriptorum liberos honores petere puduit,Plin. 7, 30, 31, § 117: in proscriptorum numero esse,Sall. C. 51, 33: bona proscriptorum,id. H. 1, 31 Dietsch.Trop.: cujus pudoris dignitas in concione proscripta sit,
has been brought into ill repute
,
rendered suspected
,Petr. 106.
proscriptio prōscriptĭo, ōnis, f.proscribo (class.). A written public notice of sale. an advertisement: proscriptio bonorum,Cic. Quint. 18, 56: quam ad diem proscriptiones venditionesque fiant,id. Rosc. Am. 44, 128: bonorum,id. Cat. 2, 10, 21: praediorum,id. Fl. 30, 74.Proscription, outlawry, confiscation: proscriptionis miserrimum nomen,Cic. Dom. 17, 43: de capite civis et de bonis proscriptionem ferre,id. Sest. 30, 65; id. Cat. 2, 9, 20: capitis mei,id. Prov. Cons. 19, 45: proscriptione pecunias ex aerario accipere,Suet. Caes. 11.
proscriptor prō-scriptor, ōris, m.id., one who proscribes or oullaws; adj., proscriptive (post-Aug.): proscriptor animus,Plin. 7, 12, 10, § 56; cf. proscripturio.
proscriptura prōscriptūra, ae, f.id., proscription, outlawry, Not. Tir. p. 11.
proscripturio prōscriptŭrĭo, īre, v. desider. n [id], to desire or long to proscribe, (a word formed sarcastically by Cic.): ita sullaturit animus ejus et proscripturit diu,Cic. Att. 9, 10, 6 (cited Quint. 8, 6, 32).
proscriptus prōscriptus, a, um, Part., from proscribo.
proseco prō-sĕco, cŭi, ctum (old inf. pass. parag. prosecarier, Plaut. Poen. 2, 1, 8), 1, v. a., to cut off from before, cut away or off. In gen. (post-class.): prosectis naso prius ac mox auribus,App. M. 2, p. 128, 11. In partic. In agriculture, to cut up, break up with the plough (post-Aug.): solum,Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 10. In relig. lang., to cut off the parts to be sacrificed: vetui exta prosecarier,Plaut. Poen. 2, 1, 8: ubi exta prosecta erunt,Cato, R. R. 134: hostiae exta,Liv. 5, 21: exta prosecuit,Suet. Aug. 1: prosecta pectora,Val. Fl. 3, 439. In gen., to sacrifice (eccl. Lat.): Aesculapio gallinaceum,Tert. Apol. 46. Hence, prō-sectum, i, n., that which is cut off for sacrifice, the entrails, Varr. L. L. 5, § 110 Müll.; in plur., Ov. M. 12, 152; id. F. 6, 163; Stat. Th. 5, 641; Licin. Macer. ap. Non. 220, 20. Collat. form prōsecta, ae, f., Lucil. ap. Non. 220, 22 dub. (al. prosicies).
prosecutoria prōsĕcūtōrĭa, ae, f. (sc. epistula) [prosecutor], a letter relating to taking something in charge, a letter of authorization (post-class.), Cod. Just. 10, 72, 1.
prosecutus prōsĕcūtus (prōsĕquūtus), a, um, Part., from prosequor.
proseda prō-sĕda, ae, f.sedeo (she who sits in public), a common prostitute (perh. only Plaut.), Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 53; cf.: prosedas meretrices Plautus appellat, quod ante stabula sedeant. Eaedem et prostibulae, Paul. ex Fest. p. 226 Müll.
prosedamum prosedămum, i, n.Sarmatian, = pigritia equorum in coitu, Plin. 26, 10, 63, § 98.
Proselenus Prŏsĕlēnus, i, m., = Προσέληνος, older than the moon, a name by which the Arcadians called themselves, Cic. Fragm. Or. pro Fund. 3 B. and K. (Serv. Verg. G. 2, 342).
proselytus prŏsēlytus, a, um, = προσήλυτος, come from abroad, foreign, strange (late Lat.): numeravit Salomon omnes viros proselytos,Vulg. 2 Par. 2, 17. Hence, as subst., prŏsēlytus, i, m.A sojourner, a stranger in the land: proselyti et advenae,Vulg. Tob. 1, 7; id. Ezech. 14, 7. Esp., one that has come over from heathenism to the Jewish religion, a proselyte (postclass.), Tert. adv. Marc. 3, 21; Hier. Ep. 64, n. 8; Vulg. Matt. 23, 15; Inscr. Fabr. p. 465, n. 101.prŏsēlyta, ae, f., a female proselyte, converted woman, Inscr. Orell. 25, 22.
proseminator prō-sēmĭnātor, ōris, m.prosemino, a sower; trop., a disseminator (eccl. Lat.), Tert. ad Nat. 2, 13.
prosemino prō-sēmĭno, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to sow or scatter about, to sow (rare but class.). Lit.: ostreas, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 216, 13: tamquam ex draconis alicujus dentibus proseminati,Lact. 6, 10, 19.Trop., to disseminate, propagate: proseminatae sunt familiae, i. e. ortae,Cic. de Or. 3, 16, 61; id. Imp. Pomp. 1, 90.
prosentio prō-sentĭo, sensi, 4, v. a., to perceive beforehand, Plaut. Mil. 4, 4, 16.
prosequium prōsĕquĭum, ĭi, n.prosequor, attendance: prosequium a prosequendo, Paul. ex Fest. p. 226 Müll.
prosequor prō-sĕquor, cūtus (quūtus), 3, v. dep. a., to follow (in a friendly or hostile manner), to accompany, attend; to follow after, pursue (class.; cf.: comitor, stipo). Lit.: novum maritum volo rus prosequi,Plaut. Cas. 4, 2, 3: eum milites electi circiter CXX. sunt prosecuti,Caes. B. C. 3, 91: Dianam ture odoribusque incensis prosecutae sunt,Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 35, § 77; id. Att. 6, 3, 6: unum omnes illum prosequebantur,Nep. Alc. 6, 3: aliquem in domum,Gell. 18, 1, 16: exsequias,
to attend a funeral
,Ov. Tr. 1, 8, 14; so, defunctum in conditorium,Petr. 111; cf.: Bassus noster videtur mihi prosequi se,
to attend his own funeral
,Sen. Ep. 30, 5: lacrimis ad saevas prosequor usque fores,Ov. Am. 1, 4, 62; Cic. Planc. 10, 26: Aeneas Prosequitur lacrimans longe,Verg. A. 6, 476; 12, 72. In a hostile sense, to follow after, pursue: fugientes prosequi,Caes. B. C. 2, 41: hostem,id. ib. 2, 8: novissimos multa millia passuum prosecuti,id. B. G. 2, 11; 5, 9: iste iratus hominem verbis vehementioribus prosequitur,i. e.
assailed
,
attacked
,Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 29, § 73: aliquem contumeliosis vocibus,Caes. B. C. 1, 69: speculatores, qui prosequerentur agmen, missi,Liv. 27, 15; 30, 29: armati qui eos prosequebantur,Curt. 3, 13, 9: aliquem lapidibus,Petr. 90. Of animals: eādem cane anxie prosequente,Just. 1, 4, 11; Sil. 4, 615. With abl., of following with the eyes: oculis abeuntem prosequor udis,Ov. H. 12, 55; 5, 55: aliquos visu,Stat. Th. 5, 483.Transf., of inanim. and abstr. subjects, to follow, pursue; to accompany, attend: prosequitur surgens a puppi ventus euntes,Verg. A. 3, 130: naves mitterent quae se prosequerentur,Liv. 30, 25; cf. exercitus,id. 7, 33; Curt. 3, 3, 24: datae duae triremes ad prosequendum,Tac. H. 2, 9: Cattos suos saltus Hercynius prosequitur simul atque deponit,
goes as far as their territory extends
,
and then ceases
,id. G. 30: eadem (existimatio Quintum) usque ad rogum prosequatur,Cic. Quint. 31, 99; cf.: (amici) mortui vivunt: tantus eos honos prosequitur amicorum,id. Lael. 7, 23.Trop.To honor, adorn, or present one with a thing, to bestow any thing upon one; constr. with abl., rarely with cum and abl.: benevolentiā, aut misericordiā prosequi aliquem,Cic. Brut. 1, 4: aliquem honorificis verbis,id. Tusc. 2, 25, 61: virtutem alicujus gratā memoriā,id. Phil. 14, 11, 30: nomen alicujus grato animo,id. ib. 4, 1, 3: memoriam cujuspiam clamore et plausu,id. ib. 10, 4, 8: aliquem laudibus,Liv. 9, 8: aliquem beneficiis ac liberalitate,Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 41, § 94: cum me in illo tristi et acerbo luctu atque discessu non lacrimis solum tuis, sed animo, corpore, copiis prosecutus esses,id. Planc. 30, 73; cf.: reliquum est ut tuam profectionem amore prosequar, reditum spe exspectem,id. Fam. 15, 21, 5: delictum veniā,Tac. A. 13, 35: Maximum libenter apud te testimonio prosequar,Plin. Ep. 10, 85 (17): prosecuti cum donis legatos sunt,Liv. 39, 55, 4: decedentem domum cum favore ac laudibus prosecuti sunt,id. 2, 31, 11: Senatus gratias egit Caesari, quod et ipse cum summo honore mentionem ejus prosecutus esset,Plin. Ep. 8, 6, 5; cf.: aliquem uberrimo congiario,Suet. Caes. 27: milites,id. Aug. 49.To pursue, continue, follow up, to go on or proceed with an idea or theme: si (rem) non ad extremum, sed usque eo, quo opus erit, prosequemur,Auct. Her. 1, 9, 14: non prosequar longius,Cic. Rosc. Am. 30, 83: illius vero mortis opportunitatem benevolentiā prosequamur,id. Brut. 1, 4: pascua versu,
to describe at length
,Verg. G. 3, 340: stilo munificentiae rationem,Plin. Ep. 1, 8, 8: ut latius, quae cujusque adfectus natura sit, prosequamur,Quint. 5, 8, 2; 2, 6, 1: uno libello carissimam mihi memoriam prosequi, Plin. Ep. 3, 10, 3: ex ordine domesticos motus, to pursue, go through with, describe in order, Flor 3, 12, 14: similitudinem,
to follow up
,Sen. Ep. 13, 3. Absol., to proceed with one's speaking (poet.): prosequitur pavitans, et ficto pectore fatur,Verg. A. 2, 107.
prosero prō-sĕro, sēvi, sătum, 3, v. a., to bring forth or produce by sowing.Lit. (poet.): segetem,Luc. 4, 411: fruges, Tert. poët. adv. Marc. 1, 127.Transf., in gen., to beget, bring forth, produce, generate (post-class.): Plato augustiore conceptu prosatus,
sprung from
,App. Dogm. Plat. 1, p. 1: placito dea prosata mundo, Sol. Fragm. in Anthol. Lat. t. 2, p. 384 Burm.; cf.: venti ex aëre prosati,App. Mund. 12, p. 62, 25; Aus. Idyll. 7, 1; Prud. στεφ. 6, 46. Trop., to produce (post-class.): ex artibus artes Proserere,Grat. Cyn. 9.
prosero prō-sĕro, sĕrŭi, sertum, 3, v. a., to stretch forth, extend (post-class.): aggeribus caput Alpinis proserit in Celtas (Rhodanus),Sil. 3, 447: proserit hydra caput,Avien. Arat. 1111: se,id. Perieg. 711, 342.
Proserpina Prō^serpĭna, ae, f., = Περσεφόνη. Proserpine, daughter of Ceres and Jupiter, and wife of Pluto, who seized her as she was gathering flowers in Sicily, and carried her away to the infernal regions: Cereris Proserpina puer,Naev. 2, 18; cf. Cic. N. D. 3, 21, 53; 3, 34, 83; Ov. M. 5, 391; Hyg. Fab. 146.Poet., for the Lower World: sed me Imperiosa trahit Proserpina: vive, valeque,Hor. S. 2, 5, 109.
proserpinalis prōserpĭnālis, e, adj., of or belonging to Proserpine: herba,
the herb dragonwort
,Marc. Emp. 10.
proserpo prō-serpo, ĕre, v. n., to creep forwards or forth, to creep or crawl along (ante- and post-class.). Lit.: proserpens bestia,Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 74; cf. id. As. 3, 3, 105; id. Pers. 4, 28; Varr. L. L. 5, § 68 Müll.: servulus proserpit leniter,App. M. 4, p. 151, 13: de specu funesta proserpit ursa,id. ib. 7, p. 198, 25. Transf., of plants, to come forth imperceptibly: sata in lucem proserpunt,Arn. 3, 119.Trop., to move on imperceptibly, to glide or steal along (postclass.): proserpit ad intima vulnus,Ser. Samm. 14, 251: malo proserpenti occurrere,Amm. 15, 8, 7.
proseucha prŏseucha, ae, f., = προσευχή, a place for prayer, an oratory, Juv. 3, 296; Inscr. Grut. 651, 11.
prosferari prosferari, impetrari, Lucil. ap. Non. 158, 11, very dub.
prosiciae prosicĭae, ārum, v. porriciae.
prosicies prōsĭcĭes, ēi, f.proseco, II. B., the flesh cut off for sacrifice (ante-class. for prosectum): prosiciem extorum in mensam porricere, Varr. ap. Non. 220, 23. Collat. form: prosicium, quod prosecatum proicitur, Paul. ex Fest. p. 225 Müll.
prosidens pro-sĭdens, entis, Part. [sedeo], sitting before, Inscr. Fabr. p. 367, n. 127.
,Plin. 4, 3, 4, § 8.Trop.To break forth (poet.): vaga prosiliet frenis natura remotis,Hor. S. 2, 7, 74.Tostart up, to hasten (poet.): prosilui amicum castigatum,Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 179.To leap to any thing, attempt zealously or eagerly (mostly poet.): numquam nisi potus ad arma Prosiluit dicenda,Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 8: ad certamen,Sen. Ben. 1, 25: ad accusationem,Dig. 19, 5, 3; 48, 2, 7: ad munus, Cod. 10, 52, 7.
prosistens prō-sistens, entis, Part. [sisto], standing out, projecting: foliis in modum radiorum prosistentibus,App. M. 11, p. 269, 17.
prositus prōsĭtus, propositus, Paul. ex Fest. p. 226 Müll.
proslambanomenos proslambănŏmĕnos, i, m.,=προσλαμβανόμενος (taken in addition), the note A in music, Vitr. 5, 4, 5.
prosocer prō-sŏcer, ĕri, m., a wife's grandfather: cuique senex Nereus prosocer esse velit,Ov. H. 3, 74: uxor, et nurus, et pronurus, viro, et socero, et prosocero furtum facere possunt,Dig. 25, 2, 15: erum cum prosocero meo,Plin. Ep. 5, 14 (15), 8.
prosocrus prō-sō^crus, ūs, f., a wife's grandmother: prosocrus mihi uxoris meae avia est: ego illius sum progener,Dig. 38, 10, 4, § 6.
prosodia prŏsōdĭa, ae, f.,=προσῳδία, the tone or accent of a syllable (ante-class.), Varr. ap. Gell. 18, 12, 8: accentus quas Graeci προσῳδίας vocant, Quint. 1, 5, 22.
prosodiacus prŏsōdĭăcus, a, um, adj.,=προσῳδιακός, prosodial, prosodiac (post-class.): metrum, Mar. Vict. p. 2580 P.: numeri,Mart. Cap. 9, § 991.
prosopis prŏsōpis, ĭdis, f., and prŏsōpītes, ae,=προσωπίς and προσωπίτης, a plant (pure Lat. personacia), App. Herb. 36.
Prosopites Prŏsōpītes, ae, m., a district of the Delta in Egypt, Plin. 5, 9, 9, § 49.
prosopon prŏsōpon, i, n.,=πρόσωπον, a kind of herb, wild-poppy, App. Herb. 53.
prosopopoeicus prŏsōpŏpoeĭcus, a, um, adj.prosopopoeia, of or belonging to personification, personifying (post-class.): sermo, Firm. Error. Prof. Relig. 8.
prospecte prospectē, adv., v. prospicio fin.
prospectivus prospectīvus, a, um, adj.2. prospectus, of or belonging to a prospect, furnishing a prospect, prospective (post-class.): fenestrae,Cod. Just. 8, 10, 12.
prospecto prospecto, āvi, ātum, 1, v. freq. a.prospicio, to look forth upon, look out; to look at, view, behold, see afar off, gaze upon: mare,Cic. Att. 9, 10, 2. Lit.: pars ex tectis fenestrisque prospectant,Liv. 24, 21; cf. Verg. A. 7, 813: Campani moenia urbis prospectantes repleverant,Liv. 23, 47, 3: hostem,id. 22, 14, 11: e terrā aliquem,id. 29, 26, 8: intenti proelium equestre prospectabant,Sall. J. 60, 3: incendium e turri,Suet. Ner. 38: e puppi pontum,Ov. M. 3, 651: Capitolia ab excelsā aede,id. ib. 15, 841: prospectans maesta carinam,Cat. 64, 52. Absol.: astris prospectantibus,Stat. S. 5, 1, 124. Impers. pass.: quā longissime prospectari poterat,Tac. A. 3, 1.Transf.To look around or about: prospectare, ne uspiam insidiae sient,Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 2. Of localities, to look towards, to lie or be situate towards any quarter (poet. and in post-Aug. prose): villa, quae monte summo posita Prospectat Siculum,Phaedr. 2, 5, 10: villa, quae subjectos sinus editissima prospectat,Tac. A. 14, 9: septentrionem,id. H. 5, 6: locus late prospectans,
furnishing a wide prospect
,id. ib. 3, 60: thermae prospicientes viam sacram,Sen. Contr. 4 (9), 27, 18: hos (campos) ad occasum conversa prospectat,Curt. 6, 4, 17; Tib. 1, 7, 19; Sil. 3, 418.Trop.To look forward to, to expect a thing; to hope, look out for, await (class.): exsilium,Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 17, § 44: diem de die prospectans, ecquod auxilium ab dictatore appareret,Liv. 5, 48.To await, impend over, threaten one: te quoque fata Prospectant paria,Verg. A. 10, 741.To foresee (post-class.): prospectandi cognitio,App. Dogm. Plat. 2, p. 24, 35.
prospector prospector, ōris, m.id.. Lit., one who looks out: sicut prospector videns casum proximi sui, Vulg. Ecclus. 11, 32.Trop., one that foresees, one that arranges beforehand, a provider (post-class.): deus prospector humanarum necessitatum,Tert. Or. 1: nuptiarum,id. adv. Marc. 4, 34: deus in rebus incertis prospector,App. de Deo Socr. 16, p. 51, 12; Vulg. Ecclus. 3, 34.
prospectus prospectus, a, um, Part., from prospicio.
prospectus prospectus, ūs, m.prospicio. Lit., a lookout, distant view, prospect (class.): sterilis prospectus,Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 15: cum saepibus prospectus impediretur,Caes. B. G. 2, 22; cf. Sall. J. 53, 1: non prospectu modo extra vallum adempto, sed propinquo etiam congredientium inter se conspectu,Liv. 10, 32: petere prospectum ex arce,Cat. 64, 241: habere prospectum in praeceps,Vulg. 2 Macc. 13, 5.Transf.Sight, view: aliquem in prospectum populi Romani producere,Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 47, § 122: cum jam extremi essent in prospectu,
prospeculor pro-spĕcŭlor, āri, v. n. and a.Neutr., to look into the distance, look out (very rare): de vallo, Auct. B. Afr. 31.Transf., to explore: L. Siccium prospeculatum ad locum castris capiendum mittunt,Liv. 3, 43, 2.Act., to look out for, watch for: prospeculari e muris adventum imperatoris,Liv. 33, 1, 3.
prosper prosper, and more freq. prospĕrus, a. um, adj.pro-spero, answering to hope; cf. spes, agreeable to one's wishes, favorable, fortunate, prosperous (freq. and class.; cf.: faustus, propitius): sperem veteres pro spem dixerunt, unde et prospere dicimus, hoc est, pro spe,Non. 171, 25: auspicium prosperum,Naev. 4, 2; cf. in sup.: prosperrimum augurium,Plin. 10, 8, 9, § 21: prospera adversaque fortuna,Cic. N. D. 3, 37, 89: magnis autem viris prosperae semper omnes res,id. ib. 2, 66, 167: prosperae res,id. Brut. 3, 12: non jam id ago, ut prosperos exitus consequar,id. Att. 9, 7, 1: successus, Liv. praef. fin.: prosperrimo rerum eventu,Vell. 2, 122, 2. Comp.: prosperior civium amor,Tac. A. 6, 51: mox cecinit laudes prosperiore lyrā,Ov. A. A. 3, 50: prosperius fatum,id. F. 3, 614: nomina,
of good omen
,Plin. 28, 2, 5, § 22; so, verba,Ov. P. 4, 4, 38. In nom. sing.: prosper dicendi successus, Auct. ap. Prisc. p. 693 P.; Anthol. Lat. 5, 132: deinde est hominum generi prosperus et salutaris ille fulgor, qui dicitur Jovis,
prosperatio prospĕrātĭo, κατευόδωσις, good fortune, Gloss. Cyrill.
prospere prospĕrē, adv., v. prosper fin. A.
prospergo pro-spergo, no perf., sum, 3, v. a.spargo, to besprinkle: haustā aquā templum prospersum est,Tac. A. 15, 44.
prosperitas prospĕrĭtas, ātis, f.prosper, desirable condition, good fortune, success, prosperity (rare but good prose): vitae,Cic. N. D. 3, 36, 86: honestarum rerum, id. Fragm. ap. Amm. 21, 16, 13: tantā prosperitate usus est valetudinis, ut, etc.,
such a desirable state of health
,
such full health
,Nep. Att. 21, 1. In plur.: improborum prosperitates secundaeque res,Cic. N. D. 3, 36, 88: ventorum,App. M. 11, p. 270, 21: summarum rerum,Amm. 17, 4, 6: currentes ex voto,id. 22, 8, 6; Vulg. 2 Macc. 14, 14.Joy, approbation: quod est prosperitatis indicium plenum,Amm. 15, 8, 15.
prosperiter prospĕrĭter, adv., v. prosper fin. B.
prospero prospĕro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.prosper. To cause a thing to succeed, to render fortunate or happy, to prosper (syn. secundo; not in Cic.): vos precor, uti populo Romano Quiritium vim victoriamque prosperetis, an old form of prayer in Liv. 8, 9, 7: ut consilia sua reipublicae prosperarent,Tac. A. 3, 56: deos precatus, ut coepta prosperarent,id. H. 4, 53; cf.: patrum decreta,Hor. C. S. 18: hanc tibi veniam prospero, i. e. make you happy with, etc., Plaut. Cas. 5, 4, 26: prosperata felicitas,
desired happiness
,Tert. Apol. 6: mala averruncare, bona prosperare,App. de Deo Socr. 16, p. 51. Absol.: amico meo prosperabo,
prospicio prō-spĭcĭo, exi, ectum, 3, v. n. and a. [specio]. Neutr., to look forward or into the distance, to look out, to look, see (class.). In gen.: neque post respiciens, neque ante prospiciens, Varr. ap. Non. 443, 2: parum prospiciunt oculi,
,Cic. Fam. 7, 20, 1: per umbram,Verg. A. 2, 733: procul,id. ib. 12, 353: ex moenibus,Hor. C. 3, 2, 8: longe lateque, Auct. B. Hisp. 8. In partic. To look out, to watch, be on the watch: puer ab januā prospiciens,Nep. Hann. 12, 4: pavorem simulans (feles) prospexit toto die,Phaedr. 2, 4, 20: Michol prospiciens per fenestram,Vulg. 2 Reg. 6, 16; cf. Ambros. Off. 2, 29, 46.To look or see to beforehand, to exercise foresight, to look out for, take care of, provide for any thing: ego jam prospiciam mihi,Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 50: consulere ac prospicere debemus, ut, etc.,Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 58, § 133: prospicite atque consulite,id. ib. 2, 1, 8, § 22: ut prospicias et consulas rationibus meis,id. Fam. 3, 2, 1: consulite vobis, prospicite patriae,id. Cat. 4, 2, 3: homo longe in posterum prospiciens,id. Fam. 2, 8, 1: ut illum intellegatis non longe animo prospexisse morientem,id. Clu. 12, 34: prospicite, ut, etc.,id. Font. 17, 39: statuebat prospiciendum, ne, etc.,Caes. B. G. 5, 7: in annum,Varr. R. R. 1, 23, 3. Impers. pass.: senatusconsulto prospectum est, ne, etc.,Paul. Sent. 4, 2. Absol.: malo nos prospicere quam ulcisci, Ter. Eun. 4, 6, 24: plagae crescunt, Nisi prospicis,id. Phorm. 5, 2, 17.Act., to see afar off, to discern, descry, espy. In gen. (poet. and in post-Aug. prose): Italiam summā ab undā,Verg. A. 6, 357: campos Prospexit longe,id. ib. 11, 909; Hor. C. 3, 25, 10: moenia urbis Tarpeiā de rupe,Luc. 1, 195: ex speculis adventantem hostium classem,Liv. 21, 49, 8: ut hostium agmen inde prospicerent,Curt. 3, 8, 26: ex edito monte cuncta,id. 7, 6, 4.Transf., of situations, to have or command a view of, look or lie towards, to overlook: domus prospicit agros,Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 23: cenatio latissimum mare, amoenissimas villas prospicit,Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 12; Plin. 5, 16, 15, § 72; Phaedr. 2, 5, 10: freta prospiciens Tmolus,Ov. M. 11, 150; 8, 330.Trop.: aliquis infans decessit, cui nihil amplius contigit quam prospicere vitam,
to see life from a distance
,
to get a glimpse of
,Sen. Ep. 66, 42: turpe est seni aut prospicienti senectutem, etc.,
,Plin. Pan. 15, 2. In partic. To look at attentively, to gaze at (very rare): aliquem propter aliquid,Nep. Dat. 3, 3.To foresee a thing (class.): multo ante, tamquam ex aliquā speculā, prospexi tempestatem futuram,Cic. Fam. 4, 3, 1; cf.: longe prospicere futuros casus rei publicae,id. Lael. 12, 40; id. Dom. 5, 12: multum in posterum,id. Mur. 28, 59: ex imbri soles,Verg. G. 1, 393. With rel.-clause: ut jam ante animo prospicere possis, quibus de rebus auditurus sis,Cic. Quint. 10, 35; id. Div. in Caecil. 13, 42.To look out for, provide, procure: habitationem alicui,Petr. 10: sedem senectuti,Liv. 4, 49 fin.: maritum filiae,Plin. Ep. 1, 14, 1. In pass.: nisi si prospectum interea aliquid est, desertae vivimus,Ter. Heaut. 2, 4, 11: commeatus a praetore prospectos in hiemem habere,Liv. 44, 16: ad ferramenta prospicienda,Cic. Sull. 19, 55. Hence, prōspĭcĭ-ens, entis, P. a., endowed with foresight, Gell. 2, 29, 1.prōspĭcĭenter, adv., providently, considerately, carefully (post-class.): res prospicienter animadversas,Gell. 2, 29, 1.prōspectē, adv., providently, deliberately, considerately, advisedly, prudently (post-class.): decernere,Tert. Apol. 6. Sup.: adhaerebit bono,Aug. Ep. ad Maced. 55.
prospicue prōspĭcuē, adv., v. prospicuus fin.
prospicus prōspĭcus, a, um, adj.prospicio, taking care: hac sibi prospicā, hac despicā, Naev. ap. Non. 155, 25 (Com. Rel. p. 8 Rib.).
prospicuus prōspĭcŭus, a, um, adj.id.. * That may be seen afar off, conspicuous: turris,Stat. Th. 12, 15.Looking forward, looking into the future: turris illa prospicua vaticinationis munus explicuit,App. M. 6, p. 181, 20. Adv.: prōspĭcuē, providently, cautiously, carefully, App. M. 1, p. 112, 8.
prospiro prō-spīro, āvi, 1, v. n., to breathe forth, exhale, App. Mag. p. 306, 12.
prosthesis prosthĕsis, is, f., = πρόσθεσις, and prŏthĕsis, is, f., = πρόθεσις, a grammatical figure consisting in the prefixing of a letter or syllable to a word, prosthesis; as gnatus for natus, tetuli for tuli, Charis. 4; Diom. 2.
prostibulum prōstĭbŭlum, i, n.id.. A prostitute, Plaut. Aul. 2, 4, 6; Vulg. Lev. 21, 7.Transf., a male who prostitutes himself, Arn. 6, 199.A brothel, Isid. Orig. 18, 42, 2; Vulg. Ezech. 16, 24; also, in transf. signif., id. Joel, 3, 3.
prostituo prō-stĭtŭo, ŭi, ūtum, 3, v. a.statuo. To place before or in front, Arn. 5, 177. To expose publicly to prostitution, to prostitute: cras populo prostituam vos,Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 45; Sen. Contr. 1, 2: quae (meretrix) sese toto corpore prostituit,Cat. 110, 8: pudicitiam suam,Suet. Ner. 29; Lact. 3, 21, 6: formam,Petr. 126: faciem suam lucro,Ov. Am. 1, 10, 42: corpora libidinibus,Lact. 5, 9, 16; 1, 20, 15: virgines,Just. 21, 3, 2.Transf.: famam alicujus, to prostitute, dishonor, sully, Cato ap. Gell. 17, 13, 4: ingrato vocem foro,Ov. Am. 1, 15, 5. Hence, prōstĭtūtus, a, um, P. a., exposed publicly, prostituted: infans,Mart. 9, 7, 7 P. Sup.: prostitutissima lupa Larentina,Tert. Apol. 25. Subst.: prōstĭtūta, ae, f., a harlot, prostitute, Plin. 30, 1, 5, § 15; 10, 63, 83, § 172; Sen. Ben. 7, 4, 7 sq.; Suet. Calig. 36; 40; Lact. 1, 10, 15; 3, 22, 8; Vulg. Baruch, 6, 10.Trop., unchaste: sermones prostituti ac theatrales,Sid. Ep. 3, 13 fin.
prostitutio prōstĭtūtĭo, ōnis, f.prostituo. Prostitution, Arn. 2, 53; Tert. Pudic. 6; Aug. in Psa. 128, 6. Plur.: mulierum,Lact. 5, 8, 7. In gen., a dishonoring, profaning: imaginum,Tert. Apol. 27.
prostitutor prōstĭtūtor, ōris, m.id.. A prostitutor, pander, Tert. Cult. Fem. 9. In gen., one who dishonors, a violator: Christiani sacramenti,Tert. Pudic. 10; id. Cult. Fem. 2, 10.
prostitutus prōstĭtūtus, a, um, Part. and P. a., from prostituo.
prosto prō-sto, stĭti, stātum, 1, v. n. * To stand forth, stand out, project: angellis prostantibus,Lucr. 2, 428.To stand in a public place. Of a seller, to offer one's wares for sale, carry on one's business (cf. propono): hi (lenones) saltem in occultis locis prostant, vos in foro ipso,Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 21. Of wares, to be set out or exposed for sale: liber prostat,Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 2. In partic., to sell one's body, prostitute one's self: si mater tua prostitisset,Sen. Contr. 1, 2; Juv. 1, 47; 3, 65; 9, 24; P. Syrus ap. Petr. 55 fin.; Suet. Tib. 43 fin.Transf.: illud amicitiae quondam venerabile numen Prostat et in quaestu pro meretrice sedet,
prostomis prostŏmis, ĭdis, f., = προστομίς, an instrument to hold a horse by the nose, a barnacle, twitch, beak; trop., a drinkingvessel, Lucil. ap. Non. 1, n. 84 (others read postomis, q. v.).
prosumia prōsūmĭa, ae, f., a small kind of vessel for reconnoitring, a spy - boat, Caecil. ap. Non. 536, 11 sq. (Com. Rel. pp. 29 and 45 Rib.); cf.: prosumia genus navigii speculatorium parvum, Paul. ex Fest. p. 226 Müll.
Prosumnus Prosumnus, i, m., the name of a lewd favorite of Bacchus, who showed the latter the way to the infernal regions, Arn. 5, 176.
prosumo pro-sūmo, prosumpserit, a false read. for praesumpserit, Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 6; v. Ritschl ad h. l.
prosurgo prosurgo, ĕre, 3, v. n., to rise up (late Lat.), Fulg. Serm. 11.
prosus prōsus, a, um, v. 2. prorsus.
Prosymna Prŏsymna, ae, or Prŏsymnē, ēs, f., = Προσυμνα, a country or town of Argolis, Stat. Th. 1, 383; 3, 325.
Protagoras Prōtăgŏras, ae, m., = Πρωταγόρας, a celebrated sophist of Abdera, a disciple of Democritus, and an older contemporary of Socrates; he was banished from Athens on a suspicion of atheism, Cic. N. D. 1, 1, 2; 1, 23, 63; id. Ac. 2, 46, 142; id. Brut. 8, 30; 12, 46; Gell. 5, 3, 1 sqq. Hence, Prōtăgŏrīon, ĭi, n., = Πρωταγόρειον, a dictum or maxim of Protagoras, Gell. 5, 11, 1.
protasis prŏtăsis, is, f., = πρότασις. An assertion, proposition (pure Lat. effatum), App. Dogm. Plat. p. 29.The beginning or first part of a play, Don. Ter. And. praef.
protaticus prŏtătĭcus, a, um, adj., = προτατικός, appearing in the first part of a play: persona, Don. Ter. And. praef.
Prote Prōtē, ēs, f.One of the Stœchades, islands on the southern coast of Gaul, now Porquerolles, Plin. 3, 5, 11, § 79.An island of the Ionian Sea, now Proti, Mel. 2, 7.
protectio prōtectĭo, ōnis, f.protego, a covering over; trop., a protecting, protection (postclass.): fidei,Tert. Fug. in Persec. 2: armorum,Ambros. Serm. 8: Dei,Vulg. Psa. 90, 1.
protector prōtector, ōris, m.id.. In gen., a coverer; trop., a protector (post-class.): legum protectores,Tert. Apol. 6; Vulg. Psa. 17, 3. In partic., one of the lifeguard or body - guard (post - class.): inter protectores suos,Spart. Carac. 7; Amm. 14, 7, 9; Cod. Th. 6, 24; Inscr. Grut. 1028, 2 al.
protectorius prōtectōrĭus, a, um, adj.protector, II., of or belonging to the life-guard or body-guard: dignitas, Cod. Th. 7, 20, 5; Cod. Just. 12, 47, 2.
protego prō-tĕgo, xi, ctum, 3, v. a., to cover before or in front, to cover over, cover, protect (class.; syn.: defendo, tutor). Lit.: tabernacula protecta hederā,Caes. B. C. 3, 96: rates cratibus ac pluteis,id. ib. 1, 25fin.: aedes,
protelo prō-tēlo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.telum, to drive forth or forwards, to drive away, put to flight, repulse, remove (only ante- and post-class.). Lit.: protelare longe propellere, ex Graeco videlicet τῆλε, quod significat longe, Paul. ex Fest. p. 235 Müll.: equites, Sisenn. ap. Non. 363, 18: Romanos impetu suo protelant,id. ib. 363, 4: aliquem patriā,Turp. ib. 363, 16 (Com. Rel. p. 83 Rib.): aliquem saevidicis dictis,Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 36: hanc cladem de vestris manibus,App. M. 8, p. 209, 36; p. 178 Bip. Transf.To prolong, put off, protract, delay, defer: diem cautionis,Dig. 39, 2, 4: admonitionem,ib. 5, 1, 2 fin.: litem invito judice,Cod. Just. 3, 1, 13: annis quadraginta sexcenta milia hominum protelavit, prolonged, i. e. preserved their lives, Tert. adv. Marc. 4, 21: protelentur dies in terrā possessionis vestrae,Vulg. Deut. 5, 33. To lead or bring anywhere: aliquem in portum divinae clementiae,Tert. Poen. 4: ignorantiam in occasionem,id. Spect. 1.
protelum prōtēlum, i, n.A row of oxen, etc., harnessed together for draught, a team: protelo trini boves unum aratrum ducent, Cato ap. Non. 363, 10; Lucil. ib. 363, 7 and 8: boum,Plin. 9, 15, 17, § 45: bina ternaque,id. 18, 18, 48, § 173; cf.: protelum, ἔξαμπρον, Gloss. Philox.Transf., a line, row, succession (ante-class. and poet.): protelo plagarum continuato,Lucr. 2, 531; 4, 190.
protendo prō-tendo, di, sum and tum, 3, v. a., to stretch forth or out, to extend (not in Cic.; syn. porrigo). Lit.: hastas,Verg. A. 11, 606 Wagn.: bracchia in mare,Ov. M. 14, 191: supinas manus ad genua alicujus,Petr. 17 fin.: aciem (oculorum) in aestus pelagi,Cat. 64, 127: cervicem fortiter,Tac. A. 15, 67: cochleae bina ceu cornua protendentes contrahentesque,Plin. 9, 32, 51, § 101: protentis hastis,Tac. A. 14, 37: pedes temo protentus in octo,Verg. G. 1, 171: consanguineam protendere dextram,Sil. 1, 655: praerupta protendit juga Cithaeron,Sen. Phoen. 12. Mid., to stretch forth or out, to extend: inter digitos medius longissime protenditur,
,id. 6, 16, 18, § 47: anus haec in pellis periculum protenditur, is swelled out, distended with drink, Plaut. Fragm. ap. Schol. Hor. S. 1, 6, 22. Of a river: usque ad colla cornipedum protentus,
swollen
,Sil. 16, 387.Trop., to make long, to prolong, lengthen, extend (post-class.): utramvis partem in plura verba protendere,App. Dogm. Plat. 3, p. 267 Oud.: praepositiones producere atque protendere,
to prolong in pronunciation
,Gell. 2, 17, 1; 6: barbare protendere,id. 4, 17, 7. Hence, prōtentus, a, um, P. a., stretched out, lengthened, extended (post-class.): Phocis lucis in exortum protentior,
extending farther
,Avien. Perieg. 597: protentior vita,Sol. 30.
protenis prōtĕnis, v. protinis.
protensio prōtensĭo, ōnis, f.protendo. Lit., a stretching out: manus,Hier. Ep. 29. As a lit. transl. of πρότασις, a proposition, App. Dogm. Plat. 3, p. 36.
protentus prōtentus, a, um, Part. and P.a., from protendo.
protenus prōtĕnus, adv., v. protinus.
protermino prō-termĭno, āre, v. a., to more forward, to widen, extend the boundaries (postclass.): fines usque et usque,App. M. 9, p. 235, 11: possessionis metas in Rhodanum,Sid. Ep. 3, 1 fin.
protero prō-tĕro, trīvi, trītum, 3, v. a. * To drive forth, drive away: ver proterit aestas Interitura,i. e.
supplants
,Hor. C. 4, 7, 9.To tread under foot, trample down, wear away, crush, bruise (class.; syn. proculco). Lit.: aliquem pedibus,Plaut. Truc. 2, 2, 13: homines elephantis proterendos substravit,Val. Max. 2, 7, 14: januam limā,i. e.
,Cic. Fl. 2, 22, 53; cf.: pati urbem proteri atque conculcari,Auct. Her. 4, 53, 66: ruinā suā proteri,Vell. 2, 91, 4: umbram,Ov. Tr. 3, 11, 25: omnia ferro,Just. 24, 4, 6: barbaram plebem,Amm. 15, 4, 12. Hence, prōtrītus, a, um, P.a., worn out (by rubbing); hence, of words, of frequent use, common, trite, vulgar (post-class.): verba,Gell. 5, 21, 4; 12, 2, 1; 18, 4, 6.
proterreo prō-terrĕo, ŭi, ĭtum, 2, to frighten or scare away, to drive away by terror, to affright, terrify (rare but class.): filium Proterruisti hinc,Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 37: aliquem adverso equo,Verg. A. 12, 291: aliquem jaculo parmāque,Stat. Th. 2, 645: feras ardentibus facibus,App. M. 8, p. 208, 39; Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 77: patriā pulsus atque proterritus,Cic. Rep. 1, 3, 5: tu a tuis aedibus vi atque armis proterritus,id. Caecin. 13, 37; 9, 24; 11, 31: proterritis hostibus atque in fugam conjectis,Caes. B. G. 5, 58.
proterritus prōterrĭtus, a, um, Part., from proterreo.
,Mart. 10, 9, 2. Comp.: meretrix protervior,Just. 30, 2, 2. Hence, adv., in two forms, proterve and proterviter. prŏtervē. In a bad sense, boldly, wantonly, shamelessly, impudently (class.): aedes arietare,Plaut. Truc. 2, 2, 1: proterve iracundus,Ter. Hec. 3, 5, 53 (immoderate, superbe, Don.): consectans aliquem proterve,Cic. Rep. 1, 44, 68. Comp., Ov. A. A. 1, 599. Sup., Aug. Civ. Dei, 5, 22. In a good sense, boldly, with spirit: confidenter pro se et proterve loqui,Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 207.prŏtervĭter, boldly, wantonly, shamelessly, impudently, Enn. ap. Non. 513, 11 (Com. v. 8 Vahl.).
Protesilaus Prōtĕsĭlāus, i, m., = Πρωτεσίλαος, a son of Iphiclus, a native of Phylace in Thessaly, the husband of Laodamia, and the leader of the Thessalians against Troy, where he was the first man killed, Ov. M. 12, 68; Prop. 1, 19, 7; Mel. 2, 2; Hyg. Fab. 103 sq. Hence, Prōtĕsĭlāēus, a, um, adj., Protesilœan: domus,Cat. 68, 74.
protestor prō-testor, ātus, 1, v. dep. a. (act. collat. form prōtesto, āre, acc. to Prisc. p. 799), to declare in public, to bear witness, testify, protest (post-Aug.): praedico, protestor, non ego parricidium faciam,Quint. Decl. 4, 21: quae mihi conscius sum, protestabor,Front. Nep. Am. 2 Mai: floris species florem rerum protestatur,Macr. S. 1, 17 fin.: mulier magno fidem praesidis protestata clamore,App. M. 10, p. 252; Vulg. Act. 20, 23; Just. Inst. prooem. 1. With object-clause: quippe protestantur, pietatis gratiā id se facere,Dig. 11, 7, 14, § 8.
prothyra prŏthyra, ōrum, n., = πρόθυρα. In a Grecian house, the space before the door, the vestibule, Vitr. 6, 10. In a Roman house, a railing or wicket before the door, the Gr. διάθυρα, Vitr. 6, 10.
prothyris prŏthyris, ĭdis, f., = προθυρίς, an ornament over a door or pillars, called also ancon, Vitr. 4, 6 dub.
protinus prō-tĭnus (less properly prō-tĕnus), adv.tenus, before one's self, forward, farther on, onward.Lit. (rare but class.; syn.: statim, continuo, actutum): praecepisse, ut pergeret protinus, quid retro atque a tergo fieret, ne laboraret,Cic. Div. 1, 24, 49: ipse capellas Protinus aeger ago, drive along before me, Verg. E. 1, 13: quā (voce) protinus omne Contremuit nemus,
far and wide
,id. A. 7, 513.Transf.Right on, continuously, constantly, uninterruptedly (rare; not in Cic.). In space, Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 19: trans Lygios Gothones regnantur . . . protinus deinde ab Oceano Rugii et Lemovii,Tac. G. 43 fin.: summa (vertebra) protinus caput sustinet,Cels. 8, 1. In time or order: post ad oppidum hoc vetus continuo mecum exercitum protinus obducam,Plaut. Ps. 2, 1, 13; Sisenn. ap. Non. 376, 28; Tubero,ib. 376, 32: protinus ut moneam,Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 67: trajecto missa lacerto Protinus hasta fugit servatque cruenta tenorem,Verg. A. 10, 340; id. G. 4, 1: felix si protinus illum Aequasset nocti ludum,id. A. 9, 337.Forthwith, immediately, directly, from the very first, instantly, on the spot (class.; but rare in prose until post-Aug. per.): oratio protinus perficiens auditorem benevolum,
protomysta prōtŏmysta, ae, m., = πρωτομύστης, a chief priest in mystic ceremonies, Sid. Ep. 2, 9.
protono pro-tŏno, āre, v. a., to thunder forth: tali protonat ira,Val. Fl. 4, 205.
protoplastus prōtŏ_plastus (prŏtoplastus, Alcim. 2, 35), i, m., = πρωτοπλαστός (first-formed), the first man; in plur., the first men, Tert. Exhort. ad Castit. 2 fin.; id. adv. Jud. 13; Alcim. 2, 35.
protopraxia prōtopraxĭa, ae, f., = πρωτοπραξία, the privilege of being preferred to other creditors, = jus primae exactionis, Plin. Ep. 10, 109.
protosedeo prōtŏsĕdĕo, ēre, v. n.πρῶτος-sedeo, to sit in the first place, Tert. Cor. Mil. 15.
protostasia prōtostăsĭa, ae, f., = πρωτοστασία, the office of chief collector of taxes in the municipia, the chief collectorship, Cod. Th. 11, 23, 2; Cod. Just. 8, 10, 41.
prototomus prōtŏtŏmus, a, um, adj., = πρωτότομος, that is cut off first, of the first cutting: caules,
protractus prōtractus, a, um, Part., from protraho.
protractus prōtractus, ūs, m.protraho, a prolonging, protraction: LONGI, Inscr. Amadut. Anecd. Litt. 2, p. 480.
protraho prō -trăho, xi, ctum, 3 (sync. form protraxtis for protraxistis, Sil. 16, 84. Inf. protraxe for protraxisse, Lucr. 5, 1159), v. a., to draw or drag forth, to bring forth or out, pull out, to draw to a place (class.; cf.: promo, profero). Lit., Cels. 7, 12, 1: aliquem e tentorio,Tac. H. 4, 27: me istam capillo protracturum in viam,Plaut. Merc. 4, 4, 58: aliquem hinc in convivium,Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 10, § 24: Calchanta in medios,Verg. A. 2, 123: aliquem in medium manibus suis,Suet. Ner. 53: ad operas mercenarias statim protrahi,Cic. Phil. 1, 9, 22: pedibusque informe cadaver (Caci) Protrahitur,Verg. A. 8, 265: multa siti protracta corpora,Lucr. 6, 1264: e tentorio,Tac. H. 4, 27.Trop. In gen., to drag forth, to draw or bring anywhere: aliquid in lucem,Lucr. 4, 1189: ad gestum pueros,id. 5, 1031: quidquid paulatim protrahit aetas In medium,id. 5, 1387 dub. (v. Lachm. II. p. 346): indicem ad indicium,Liv. 33, 28: nudi in medium protrahebantur,id. 28, 29. In partic. To bring to light, discover, disclose, reveal, expose, betray: auctorem nefandi facinoris,Liv. 45, 5: inimicum,id. 44, 26: facinus per indicium,id. 27, 3: publicanorum fraudes,Vell. 2, 92, 2: nec meus indicio latitantes versus amicus Protraheret,Ov. Tr. 3, 4, 71.To lengthen out any thing as to time, to prolong, protract, defer (post-Aug.; syn.: produco, propago): protrahere ac differre stipendia militum,Suet. Ner. 32: convivia in primam lucem,id. Caes. 52; cf.: epulas a medio die ad mediam noctem,id. Ner. 27: in serum dimicatione protractā,id. Aug. 17: sermones,Vulg. Act. 20, 7. Pass. in mid. force: quid diutius protrahor? why dwell longer on this? Vop. Tac. 6. Absol.: quinque horas protraxit,i. e.
he lingered for five hours
,Suet. Ner. 33 fin.To weary, detain too long: ne diutius te protraham,Vulg. Act. 24, 4.To extend, increase (post-class.): utrum hoc usque ad Graecum sermonem tantum protrahimus, an verum et ad alium ... dubitari potest,Dig. 45, 1, 1 fin.: insolentiam,Val. Max. 1, 5, 8 (al. pertraheret).To bring or reduce to: ad paupertatem protractus,Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 72.
protrepticon protreptĭcon or -um, i, n., = προτρεπτικόν, an exhortation, a hortatory or protreptical discourse, Treb. Pol. 2; Stat. S. 5, 2in lemm.;Aus. Idyll. 4 praef.; Sid. Ep. 1, 25.
protrico pro-trīco, āre, v. n., to make difficulties beforehand, Not. Tir. p. 150.
protrimentum prōtrīmentum, i, n.protero, a dish composed of various ingredients hashed together, a ragout, App. M. 8, p. 216.
protritus prōtrītus, a, um, Part. and P. a., from protero.
protropum prŏtrŏpum, i, n., = πρότροπον, the first new wine that runs from the grapes before pressing, Plin. 14, 9, 11, § 85; Vitr. 8, 3, 12: Cnidium,
protrudo prō-trūdo, si, sum, 3, v. a., to thrust or push forwards, to thrust forth, push out (class.; syn.: proturbo, propello). Lit.: moles protruditur,Lucr. 4, 891; 4, 246 and 280: cylindrum,Cic. Fat. 19, 43: is . . . domo atque nostrā familiā protruditur, Afran. ap. Don. Ter. 3, 4, 34 (Com. Rel. p. 174 Rib.; cf. Lachm. ad Lucr. II. p. 121); so, protrudi penatibus,
to be thrust out of doors
,Amm. 29, 1, 21.Trop., of time, to put off, defer: comitia in Januarium mensem,Cic. Fam. 10, 26, 3.
protubero prō-tūbĕro, āre, v. n., to swell or bulge out, to grow forth (late Lat.), Sol. 45: poma,id. 46 fin.Trop.: densa ne supra modum protuberent,Aus. Idyll. 13, praef. § 8; cf. id. ib. 16, 10.
protumidus prō-tŭmĭdus, a, um, adj., swollen in front, protuberant, gibbous: luna,App. de Deo Socr. p. 42, 1.
proturbo prō-turbo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to drive on or forward, to drive forth or away, to repel, repulse (mostly post-Aug.; not in Cic.). Lit.: his facile pulsis ac proturbatis,Caes. B. G. 2, 19 fin.: hostes telis,Liv. 5, 47: apes pigras et ignavas,Plin. 11, 19, 21, § 67: extra tecta proturbantur,Col. 9, 15, 2: aliquem de domo,App. M. 9, p. 230, 20: aliquem laribus,Claud. in Eutr. 2, 513; Tac. H. 2, 85: hostem Missilibus,Verg. A. 10, 801: hostes hinc comminus,id. 9, 441: in exsilium proturbatus,Just. 3, 4, 12. Poet.: silvas,
provector prōvector, ōris, m.id., a promoter (eccl. Lat.), Jul. ap. Aug. c. Sec. Resp. Jul. 6, 17.
provectus prōvectus, a, um, Part. and P. a., from proveho.
provectus prōvectus, ūs, m.proveho (postclass.). Advancement, promotion to places of honor: honestiorum,Aur. Vict. Caes. 39 fin.Progress, increase, furtherance: aetatis,Sid. Ep. 4, 4: praesentia domini provectus est agri,Pall. 1, 6, 1. Plur., Amm. 28, 4, 20.
provegeo prō-vĕgĕo, ēre, a false read. for probito.
proveho prō-vĕho, xi, ctum, 3, v. a., to carry or conduct forwards, to carry or convey along, to conduct, convey, transport, etc., to a place; and freq. pass. in mid. signif., to go, proceed, advance, move, drive, ride, sail, etc., to a place (freq. and class.). Lit.: eam pol provexi: avehere non quivi,
,Cic. Phil. 13, 11, 24: ad summos honores alios scientia juris provexit,Liv. 39, 40, 5; so, quosdam infimi generis ad amplissimos honores,Suet. Caes. 72; and: aliquem in consulatūs, censuras et triumphos,Vell. 2, 128; cf.: studiosos amat, fovet, provehit,Plin. Ep. 8, 12, 1: vim temperatam di quoque provehunt In majus,Hor. C. 3, 4, 66: haec spes provexit, ut ad conspecta procul pecora decurrerent, carried them so far, brought them to such a pitch, that, etc., Liv. 2, 50, 5; cf. absol.: illo etiam (forsitan pravo) gaudio provehente, quod, etc.,id. 40, 14: quem e gregario milite Alexander virtutis causā provexerat,Just. 13, 4, 10: quos (reges) ad fastigium majestatis spectata moderatio provehebat,id. 1, 1, 1: quos provexerat, fortuna destitit,Sen. Contr. 1, 1, 5: in consulare provectus fuerat vestigium,Vell. 2, 69, 1: vitam in altum, qs. to drive it into a sea, i. e. into disquietude, Lucr. 5, 1434. Mid., to advance, proceed, go onwards, make progress, etc.: ne videlicet ultra quam homini datum est nostra provehantur,Quint. 6, prooem. § 10: sentio me esse longius provectum quam proposita ratio postularet,
have been carried farther
,
have gone farther
,Cic. Fin. 3, 22, 74: quod si qui longius in amicitiā provecti essent,id. Lael. 10, 34: provectus longius quam voluit, id. Har. Resp. 20, 43: imbecillitas in altum provehitur,id. Tusc. 4, 18, 42: provehi in maledicta,Liv. 35, 48: per altercationem ad continuas et infestas orationes provecti sunt,Tac. H. 4, 7. Of speech, to draw out, protract, prolong: orationem,Cic. Dom. 12, 32: quid ultra Provehor?
why do I say more?
Verg. A. 3, 481. Hence, prōvectus, a, um, P. a. of time, advanced: eum colere coepi non admodum grandem natu, sed tamen jam aetate provectum,Cic. Sen. 4, 10: provectā aetate mortua est,id. Tusc. 1, 39, 94: provecta nox erat,Tac. A. 13, 20: cum aetate jam provectus esset,Nep. Timol. 4, 1: senectute provectior,Arn. 6, 195; Aus. Epigr. 19: equis provectioribus tempora cavari incipiunt,Pall. 4, 13, 9: aetatis provectae,Vulg. Gen. 18, 11.
provendo prō-vendo, ĕre, a false read. for protruditur, Afran. ap. Don. ad Ter. Ad. 3, 4, 34; cf. Com. Rel. p. 174 Rib.; Lachm. Lucr. 2, p. 121; and v. protrudo.
provenio prō-vĕnĭo, vēni, ventum, 4, v. n., to come forth, appear (not in Cic.; syn. appareo). Lit. In gen. (mostly anteclass.): proveniebant oratores novi, Naev. ap. Cic. Sen. 6, 20 (Com. Rel. p. 14 Rib.): scriptorum magna ingenia,Sall. C. 8, 3: in scenam,Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 155: quibus feminis menstrua non proveniunt,Cels. 2, 7. In partic. To come forth, be brought forth, be born; to originate, arise, be produced (post-Aug.; cf. progigno): deductis olim, quique mox provenere, haec patria est,
proverto prō-verto (-vorto), no perf., sum, 3, v.a., to turn forwards (ante-class.): ut transversus, non proversus cedit, quasi cancer solet, turned forwards, i. e. straightforwards, Plaut. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 81 Müll.: provorsum fulgur appellatur, quod ignoratur noc tu an interdiu sit factum, etc.,Fest. p. 229 Müll.
provide prōvĭdē, adv., v. providus fin.
providens prōvĭdens, entis, Part. and P.a., from provideo.
providenter prōvĭdenter, adv., v. provideo, P. a. A. fin.
providentia prōvĭdentĭa, ae, f.provideo. Foresight, foreknowledge: providentia est, per quam futurum aliquid videtur ante quam factum sit,Cic. Inv. 2, 53, 160: timoris tormentum memoria reducit, providentia anticipat,Sen. Ep. 5, 9.Foresight, forethought, forecast, precaution, providence (cf. prudentia): deorum providentiā mundum administrari,Cic. Div. 1, 51, 117; cf. id. N. D. 1, 8, 18; 2, 22, 58; Quint. 11, 1, 23: alterum ex providentiā timorem afferre solet,Sall. J. 7, 5: plurimum tibi et usus et providentiae superest,Plin. Ep. 3, 19, 9: jam te providentia deorum primum in locum provexerat,id. Pan. 10, 4. With object. gen.: neque feriendi neque declinandi providentia,Tac. H. 4, 29: providentia filiorum suorum,Dig. 33, 1, 7 fin. In plur.: agnosce bonitatem dei ex providentiis,Tert. adv. Marc. 2, 4 fin.Transf.The government of the world by infinite wisdom and foresight, providence (post-class.): tua, Pater, providentia gubernat,Vulg. Sap. 14, 3; id. Act. 24, 2.Providence, as a designation of the Deity (post-Aug.): vis illum (deum) providentiam dicere? recte dices,Sen. Q. N. 2, 45, 2: oratio, quā nihil praestantius homini dedit providentia,Quint. 1, 10, 7; 1, 12, 19; 6 praef. § 4; 5, 12, 19; 10, 1, 109; 12, 1, 2; App. M. 6, p. 179, 12. Providentia, Providence, personified as a goddess, a transl. of the Gr. Πρόνοια, Macr. S. 1, 17.
provideo prō-vĭdĕo, vīdi, vīsum, 2, v. n. and a.Neutr.Lit., to see forwards or before one's self, to see in the distance, to discern, descry (very rare): ubi, quid petatur, procul provideri nequeat,Liv. 44, 35, 12.Trop.To be provident or cautious, to act with foresight, to take care (rare but class.; syn. praecaveo): actum de te est, nisi provides. Cic. Fam. 9, 18, 4; id. Rab. Post. 1, 1: nisi providisses, tibi ipsi pereundum fuisset,Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 61, § 157.To see to, look after, care for; to provide, make preparation or provision for any thing (freq. and class.); constr. absol., with dat., de, ut, ne: multum in posterum providerunt, quod, etc., Cic. Agr. 2, 33, 91: nihil me curassis, ego mihi providero,Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 93: rei frumentariae,Caes. B. G. 5, 8: condicioni omnium civium,Cic. Cael. 9, 22: ut consulas omnibus, ut provideas saluti,id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 10, § 31. Impers. pass.: a dis vitae hominum consuli et provideri,Cic. N. D. 1, 2, 4: est autem de Brundusio providendum,id. Phil. 11, 11, 26; cf.: de re frumentariā,Caes. B. C. 3, 34: de frumento,id. B. G. 3, 3: ut quam rectissime agantur omnia providebo,Cic. Fam. 1, 2, 4. So with ne, Cic. Verr. 1, 17, 51: cura et provide, ne quid ei desit,id. Att. 11, 3, 3: ne qua civitas suis finibus recipiat, a me provisum est,Caes. B. G. 7, 20; cf. impers.: provisum est, ne, etc.,Ter. Phorm. 5, 2, 14: provisum atque praecautum est, ne quid, etc.,Liv. 36, 17.Act.Lit., to see or perceive in the distance (very rare): nave provisā,Suet. Tib. 14; id. Dom. 14.Trop. In respect of time, to see or perceive beforehand, to foresee; to see before or earlier (class.): si qui, quae eventura sunt, provideant, Pac. ap. Gell. 14, 1, 34 (Trag. Rel. v. 407 Rib.); cf. Cic. Fin. 1, 14, 47: rem, quam mens providit,Lucr. 4, 884: quod ego, priusquam loqui coepisti, sensi atque providi,Cic. Vatin. 2, 4; cf. Caes. B. G. 7, 30: medicus morbum ingravescentem ratione providet, insidias imperator, tempestates gubernator,Cic. Div. 2, 6, 16: providere, quid futurum sit,id. Mur. 2, 4: quod adhuc conjecturā provideri possit,id. Att. 1, 1, 1: tempestas ante provisa,id. Tusc. 3, 22, 52: ratio explorata atque provisa,Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 6, § 15: non hercle te provideram,Plaut. As. 2, 4, 44: aliquem,Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 69.To see to, look after, care for, give attention to; to prepare or provide for any thing: eas cellas provident, ne habeant in solo umorem,Varr. R. R. 3, 10, 4: ut res tempusque postulat, provideas atque administres,Cic. Fam. 14, 21: providentia haec potissimum providet, ut, etc.,id. N. D. 2, 22, 58: omnia,Sall. C. 60, 4: ea, quae ad usum navium pertinerent,Caes. B. G. 3, 9: rem frumentariam,id. ib. 6, 9; cf.: frumento exercitui proviso,id. ib. 6, 44: provisi ante commeatūs,Tac. A. 15, 4: verbaque provisam rem non invita sequentur,Hor. A. P. 311: omnia quae multo ante memoi provisa repones,Verg. G. 1, 167; cf.: providebam Dominum in conspectu meo, kept in view, i. e. in mind, Vulg. Psa. 15, 8. Providere aliquid, to prevent, obviate an evil (syn. cavere): neque omnino facere aut providere quicquam poterant,Sall. J. 99, 2 Kritz: quicquid provideri potest, provide,Cic. Att. 5, 11, 1: quae consilio provideri poterunt, cavebuntur,id. ib. 10, 16, 2; Liv. 36, 17, 2; Plin. 34, 6, 14, § 30 Sillig; 34, 7, 18, § 40; Plin. Ep. 3, 9, 6. Hence, prōvĭ-dens, entis, P. a., foreseeing, provident, prudent (class.): homo multum providens,Cic. Fam. 6, 6, 9. Comp.: id est providentius,
providus prōvĭdus, a, um, adj.provideo. Foreseeing: mens provida rerum futurarum,Cic. Div. 2, 57, 117: nec eum provida futuri, fefellit opinio,Liv. 23, 36: fati,Tib. 2, 5, 12: veri providus augur,Ov. M. 12, 18: nec futuri providus est nec praeteriti memor,Sen. Ep. 66, 35.Cautious, circumspect, provident, prudent (syn.: cautus, consideratus): homines parum cauti providique,Cic. Rosc. Am. 40, 117: animal hoc providum, sagax ... quem vocamus hominem,id. Leg. 1, 7, 22: orator prudens et providus,id. Part. 5, 15: dispice, ne sit parum providum, sperare ex aliis, quod tibi ipse non praestes,Plin. Ep. 2, 10, 5: auspex,Hor. C. 3, 27, 8: mens,id. ib. 3, 5, 13; cf. Ulixes,id. Ep. 1, 2, 19.Caring or providing for, provident of: natura consultrix et provida utilitatum oportunitatumque omnium,Cic. N. D. 2, 22, 58: rerum vestrarum providus,Tac. A. 4, 38: opera providae sollertisque naturae,Cic. N. D. 2, 51, 28: provida cura ducis, Ov. F. 2, 60. Hence, adv.: prōvĭdē, carefully, prudently (very rare): provide eligere,Plin. 10, 33, 50, § 97.
provincia prōvincĭa, ae (old gen. PROVINCIAI, Inscr. Grut. 376, 6) [etym. dub.; perh. contr. for pro-noventia (cf. nuntius), the charge or government of a legate]. A province, i. e. a territory out of Italy, acquired by the Romans (chiefly by conquest), and brought under Roman government; freq., also, to be rendered provincial administration, employment, etc.: Sicilia prima omnium provincia est appellata,Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 1, § 2: defendo provinciam Siciliam,id. Div. in Caecil. 2, 5: provincia Syria,id. Fam. 15, 2, 1: Asia provincia,id. Fl. 34, 85: provincia Gallia,id. Font. 1, 2: praeponere, praeficere aliquem provinciae,id. Fam. 2, 15, 4: tradere alicui provinciam,id. ib. 3, 3, 1: in provinciam cum imperio proficisci,id. ib. 3, 2, 1: administrare provinciam,id. ib. 15, 4, 1: provinciam consulari imperio obtinere,id. Fl. 34, 85; cf. id. Phil. 1, 8, 19: de provinciā decedere,
,id. Phil. 1, 8, 19. In gen., a province, division of a kingdom or empire: Judaea,Vulg. 1 Esdr. 5, 8: Babylonis,id. Dan. 2, 48.Transf., in gen., official duty, office, business, charge, province (class.): parasitorum,Plaut. Capt. 3, 1, 14: hanc tibi impero provinciam,id. Mil. 4, 4, 23: abi in tuam provinciam,id. Cas. 1, 15: duram capere provinciam,Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 22: sibi provinciam depoposcit, ut me in meo lectulo trucidaret,Cic. Sull. 18, 52: qui eam provinciam susceperint, ut in balneas contruderentur,id. Cael. 26, 63: Sicinio Volsci, Aquilio Hernici provincia evenit,i. e.
provinciatim prōvincĭātim, adv.id., through the provinces, province by province: legiones provinciatim distribuit,Suet. Aug. 49; Amm. 31, 4, 4.
provinco prō-vinco, vīci, victum, 3, v. a., to conquer before, Paul. ex Fest. s. v. Provinciae, p. 226 Müll.
provindemiator prō-vindēmĭātor, ōris, m., a star over the right shoulder of Virgo, which rises just before the vintage; called also Vindemiatrix, Vindemiator, Vindemitor, the Gr. προτρυγητής, Vitr. 9, 4, 1 Schneid. N. cr. (al. provindemia).
provisio prōvīsĭo, ōnis, f.provideo. A foreseeing, foreknowing: provisio animi,Cic. Tusc. 3, 14, 30.Foresight, providence: genus longā animi provisione fugiendum,Cic. Or. 56, 189.Forethought, precaution for a thing: posteri temporis,Cic. Part. 20, 69: annonaria, i. e. a providing with provisions, purveying, Treb. XXX. Tyrann. 18.Hindrance, prevention of a thing: horum incommodorum una cautio est atque una provisio, ut, etc.,Cic. Lael. 21, 78.
proviso prōvīsō, adv., v. provideo fin. B.
proviso prō-vīso, ĕre, v. n. and a., to go or come forth to see (ante-class.): proviso, quid agat Pamphilus,Ter. And. 5, 5, 1: huc proviso, ut, ubi tempus siet, Deducam,id. Eun. 3, 1, 4; id. Ad. 5, 6, 1 (proviso duas res significat: procedo et video, Don.). With acc.: si quem hominem exspectant, eum solent provisere,
provisor prōvīsor, ōris, m.provideo. * A foreseer: ingruentium dominationum,Tac. A. 12, 4.A provider: utilium tardus,Hor. A. P. 164: PROVISORI. EIVSDEM. PROVINCIAE,Inscr. Orell. 105: ORDINIS (decurionum),ib. 3766: civitatis,Vulg. 2 Macc. 4, 2.
provisus prōvīsus, a, um, Part., from provideo.
provisus prōvīsus, ūs (only in abl. sing.), m.provideo (Tacitean). * A looking before, looking into the distance: ne oculi quidem provisu juvabant,Tac. H. 3, 22.Trop. * A foreseeing: periculi,Tac. A. 1, 27.A caring for or furnishing beforehand, precaution, providing, providence: deūm,Tac. A. 12, 6: dispositu provisuque civilium rerum peritus,id. H. 2, 5: rei frumentariae,id. A. 15, 8: curā, provisu deinde agere ac si hostis ingrueret,id. ib. 12, 12.
provivo prō-vīvo, ĕre, v. n., to live on: quam spe sustentatam provixisse reor,Tac. A. 6, 25.
provocabilis prōvŏcābĭlis, e, adj.provoco, easily aroused, excitable (post-class.): motus liquidorum,Cael. Aur. Acut. 3, 21, 198.
provocabulum prō-vŏcābŭlum, i, n., a word that is used for another, a pronoun, Auct. ap. Varr. L. L. 8, § 45 Müll.
provocaticius prōvŏcātīcĭus, a, um, adj.provoco, called forth, excited (post-class.): animatio,Tert. adv. Marc. 2, 3.
provocatio prōvŏcātĭo, ōnis, f.id.. A calling out, summoning, challenging to combat (post-Aug.): ex provocatione hostem interemit,Vell. 1, 12, 4; Plin. 7, 20, 19, § 81; 7, 28, 29, § 101; 33, 1, 4, § 12.A stimulus, provocation, encouragement (late Lat.): in provocationem caritatis,Vulg. Heb. 10, 24. A citation before a higher tribunal, an appeal (freq. and class.): ad populum provocatio esto,Cic. Leg. 3, 3, 6; cf.: Publicola legem ad populum tulit ... ne quis magistratus civem Romanum adversus provocationem necaret neve verberaret,id. Rep. 2, 31, 53; 2, 36, 61; 2, 37, 62; 3, 32, 44; id. de Or. 2, 48, 99; id. Agr. 2, 13, 33; Liv. 1, 26: provocationem interponere,
provocatrix prōvŏcātrix, īcis, f.id., she that entices (post-class.): improbitas,Lact. 6, 18 med.; Vulg. Soph. 3, 1.
provoco prō-vŏco, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. and n., to call forth, call out.Lit. In gen. (very rare): aliquem,Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 43: ut ubi illaec prodeat, me provoces,id. Mil. 4, 3, 28; id. Bacch. 3, 3, 40: mandant, ut ad se provocet Simonidem,Phaedr. 4, 23, 25: dum rota Luciferi provocet orta diem,
lead up
,
call forth
,Tib. 1, 9, 62: Memnonis mater roseo provocet ore diem,Ov. P. 1, 4, 58; cf. id. F. 1, 456: provocare et elicere novas radiculas,Col. 3, 15, 5. In partic. To call out, challenge, invite one to any thing (as to play, sing, drink, fight, etc.): provocat me in aleam,
,id. Ep. 5, 1, 58: aliquem tesseris,Macr. S. 1, 10: aliquem cantatum,Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 53: aliquem ad pugnam,Cic. Tusc. 4, 22, 49; cf. Liv. 8, 7, and Flor. 2, 17, 11 Duker: duces nec prohibere paucos temere provocantis volebant, nec, etc., Liv. 23, 16, 4: et oleo et mero viros provocant,Sen. Ep. 95, 21: aliquem ad bibendum,Vop. Firm. 4. In jurid. lang., to take a cause before a higher court, to appeal, make an appeal; in this signif. usually neutr., ad aliquem; act. only post-class., with the judge to whom the appeal is made as object (cf. appello). Neutr.: ut de majestate damnati ad populum provocent,Cic. Phil. 1, 9, 21; cf.: quam id rectum sit, tu judicabis; ne ad Catonem quidem provocabo,id. Att. 6, 1, 7: provoco ad populum,Liv. 8, 33: arreptus a viatore, Provoco, inquit,
I appeal
,id. 3, 56: si a duumviris provocarit, provocatione certato,id. 1, 26, 6; 3, 56: ab omni judicio poenāque provocari licere,Cic. Rep. 2, 31, 54.Act., to appeal to a judge (post-class.): si judicem provocent,Dig. 8, 28, 6: si praefectus urbi judicem dederit, ipse erit provocandus, qui eum judicem dederit,ib. 49, 3, 1. Also: provocare judicium ad populum,
provolvo prō-volvo, volvi, vŏlūtum, 3, v. a.Lit. In gen., to roll or tumble forwards, to roll along, roll over and over, roll away (class., but not in Cic.): aliquem in viam mediam,Ter. And. 4, 4, 37: corpora,Lucr. 6, 1264: ubi glaeba e terrā provolvitur ingens,id. 6, 553: cupas ardentes in opera,Hirt. B. G. 8, 42: congestas lapidum moles,Tac. A. 4, 51: Galba projectus e sellā ac provolutus est,id. H. 1, 41; Verg. A. 12, 533; 10, 556. In partic., with se or mid., to cast one's self down, fall down, prostrate one's self at another's feet (syn. prosterno): se alicui ad pedes,Liv. 6, 3: flentes ad genua consulis provolvuntur,id. 34, 11: provolutae ad pedes,Curt. 3, 12, 11: genibus ejus provolutus,Tac. A. 12, 18; 11, 30; Just. 11, 9, 14.Trop., to snatch away, carry away, hurry on (post-Aug.): multi fortunis provolvebantur,i. e.
are ruined
,Tac. A. 6, 17. Mid., to humble one's self: usque ad libita Pallantis provoluta,
proximo proxĭmo, āre, v. n. and a. [id.], to come or draw near, to approach, be near (only post - class.; for in Cic. N. D. 2, 44, 112, we should read proxima): dum in vicum proximamus,App. M. 2, p. 169 Oud.; p. 179 Bip.: alicui,Sol. 48: foribus,App. M. 6, p. 389 Oud.: ripam maris,id. ib. 11, p. 785 Oud.: luce proximante,id. ib. 5, p. 332 Oud.: per quam proximamus ad Deum,Vulg. Heb. 7, 19.
proximus proxĭmus (proxŭmus), a, um, v. propior, II.
proxume proxŭmē, proxŭmus, v. proxime, proximus.
prudens prūdens, entis, adj.contr. from providens. Foreseeing, foreknowing (very rare); constr. with an objective clause, or absol.: ille contra urinam spargit, prudens, hanc quoque leoni exitialem,Plin. 8, 38, 57, § 136: quos prudentis possumus dicere, id est providentis,Cic. Div. 1, 49, 111: de futuro satis callidus satisque prudens, Ps.-Sall. ap. Cic. init.Transf.Knowing, skilled, experienced, versed, practised in a thing (class.; syn.: peritus, consultus); constr. with gen. or in;poet. and post-Aug. also with inf. With gen.: ceterarum rerum pater familias et prudens et attentus,Cic. Quint. 3, 11: belli prudentes, Sall. Ep. Mith. (H. 4, 61, 16 Dietsch): rei militaris,Nep. Con. 1, 2: locorum,Liv. 34, 28 fin.: animus rerum prudens,Hor. C. 4, 9, 35: artis,Ov. H. 5, 150: animorum provinciae prudens,Tac. Agr. 19: doli prudens,id. H. 2, 25: agricolationis,Col. 2, 2, 15. Comp.: prudentiores rerum rusticarum,Col. 4, 2, 1; so, earum rerum,Gell. 14, 2, 4. Sup.: adulandi gens prudentissima,Juv. 3, 86. With in: prudens in jure civili,Cic. Lael. 2, 6. With inf. or acc. and inf.: nec pauperum prudens anus Novemdialis dissipare pulveres,Hor. Epod. 17, 47: prudens otii vitia negotio discuti,Curt. 7, 1, 4:-ob ea se peti prudens, Plin. 8, 31, 49, § 111: sciens prudensque se praegnantem non esse,Dig. 25, 6, 1, § 2. In partic. Juris prudens, also prudens alone (like juris peritus), skilled or learned in the law; as subst.: jūrisprūdens, ntis, m., one learned in the law, a lawyer, jurist, jurisconsult (only post-class.), Dig. 38, 15, 2 fin.; 1, 2, 2; 1, 1, 7; 40, 7, 30; Just. Inst. 1, 2. Like sciens, knowing, wise, discreet, prudent; usually connected with sciens: prudens animam de corpore mitto, Enn. ap. Non. 150, 8 (Ann. v. 216 Vahl.): quos prudens praetereo,Hor. S. 1, 10, 88; 2, 5, 58 (cf.: imprudens praeteriisse videris,Cic. Brut. 77, 269): ibis sub furcam prudens,Hor. S. 2, 7, 66: nequidquam deus abscidit Prudens Oceano terras,id. C. 1, 3, 22; 3, 29, 29; Ov. M. 3, 364: an prudens imprudensve rupisset,Gell. 20, 1, 34. With sciens: amore ardeo: et prudens, sciens, Vivus vidensque pereo,Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 27: ut in fabulis Amphiaraus sic ego prudens et sciens ad pestem ante oculos positam sum profectus,Cic. Fam. 6, 6, 6; Cael. ap. Cic. Att. 10, 9, A, 5; Suet. Ner. 2 fin. In gen., sagacious, sensible, intelligent, clever, judicious, etc. (very freq.): vir naturā peracutus et prudens,Cic. Or. 5, 18: quis P. Octavio ingenio prudentior, jure peritior,id. Clu. 38, 107: prudentem et, ut ita dicam, catum,id. Leg. 1, 16, 45: in existimando admodum prudens,id. Brut. 68, 239; cf.: prudentissimi in disserendo,id. ib. 31, 118: virum ad consilia prudentem,id. Font. 15, 43: quo nemo prudentior,id. Lael. 1, 5: homines amicissimi ac prudentissimi,id. Rep. 1, 46, 10: vir bonus et prudens,Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 32; cf. id. A. P. 445: si divitiae prudentem reddere possent,id. Ep. 2, 2, 155: prudentior ille consilio, hic animo magnificentior,Just. 9, 8, 13. With adverb. acc.: prudens alia,Amm. 15, 13, 2. Of abstract things: prudens, temperata, fortis, justa ratio,Cic. Fin. 5, 21, 58: prudens animi sententia,Ov. H. 21, 137: consilium, quod si non fuerit prudens, Balb. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 7, A, 1; Ov. M. 13, 433: prudentissimum consilium,Nep. Eum. 3, 4; Hirt. B. Alex. 24. Cautious, circumspect (very rare): malebant me nimium timidum quam satis prudentem existimari,Cic. Fam. 4, 14, 2. Hence, adv.: prūdenter, sagaciously, intelligently, discreetly, wisely, skilfully, learnedly, prudently, etc.: loqui, Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4, 4 (Ann. v. 255 Vahl.): facere,Cic. Fin. 5, 6, 15; cf. id. Rep. 3, 9, 16: rationem excogitare,id. ib. 2, 12, 23: multa ab eo prudenter disputata,id. Lael. 1, 1: multa provisa prudenter,id. ib. 2, 6. Comp., Aug. in Suet. Tib. 21; Quint. 9, 2, 44. Sup.: defendere,Cic. Div. 2, 72, 150: scribere,id. Att. 13, 1, 1; Val. Max. 3, 3, 4 ext. 4.
prudentia prūdentĭa, ae, f.prudens. A foreseeing (very rare): id enim est sapientis providere: ex quo sapientia est appellata prudentia, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 41, 31: futurorum,id. Sen. 21, 78.Acquaintance with a thing, knowledge of a matter, skill in a matter: juris publici,Cic. de Or. 1, 60, 256: juris civilis,Nep. Cim. 2, 1: legum,Cic. Rep. 2, 36, 61; cf. id. Mur. 13, 28: physicorum,id. Div. 2, 4, 11: cani rectoris,Juv. 12, 32; 10, 48. Esp., = juris prudentia, Just. Inst. praef. § 2.Sagacity, good sense, intelligence, prudence, practical judgment, discretion: prudentia constat ex scientiā rerum bonarum et malarum et nec bonarum nec malarum,Cic. N. D. 3, 15, 38: prudentia tribus partibus constare videtur, memoriā, intellegentiā, providentiā,id. Inv. 2, 53, 160; cf. Auct. Her. 3, 2, 3: prudentia, quam Graeci φρόνησιν, est rerum expetendarum fugiendarumque scientia, Cic. Off. 1, 43, 153: prudentia cernitur in delectu bonorum et malorum,id. Fin. 5, 23, 67: ut medicina valetudinis, sic vivendi ars est prudentia,id. ib. 5, 6, 16: civilis prudentia,
,Pers. 4, 4: si ratio et prudentia curas aufert,Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 25.
Prudentius Prūdentĭus, ĭi, m., Aurelius Prudentius Clemens, a Christian poet of Calagurris, in Spain, who lived in the latter half of the fourth century, Sid. Ep. 2, 9; Alcim. Avit. ad Fascin. Sor. 416.
prugnum prugnum, pro privignum, Paul. ex Fest. p. 226 Müll.
prymnesius prymnēsĭus, a, um, adj., = πρυμνήσιος, belonging to the stern of a ship: funis,Isid. 19, 4, 6: palus, Paul. ex Fest. p. 224, 16 Müll.
prytanes prytănes or prytănis, is, m., = πρύτανις, one of the chief magistrates in some of the Grecian States, Sen. Tranq. 4, 5; acc. prytanin, Liv. 42, 45, 4.
prytaneum prytănēum, i, n., = πρυτανεῖον, the town-hall, a public building in some of the Grecian states, where the Prytanes assembled and dined, and where those who had done special service to the State were entertained at the public expense, Cic. de Or. 1, 54, 232; Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119; Liv. 41, 20. Also in RHEGIVM, Inscr. Orell. 3838; in Cyzicum,Plin. 36, 15, 23, § 99.