libamen lībāmen, ĭnis, n.libo, that which is poured out in offerings to the gods, a drinkoffering, libation (poet. for libamentum), Ov. F. 3, 733: pingui cumulat libamine flammam,Val. Fl. 1, 204: setas Ignibus imponit, libamina prima,
libamentum lībāmentum, i, n.id., that which is poured out in offerings to the gods, a drinkoffering, libation (class.). Lit.: ut sacrificiorum libamenta serventur,Cic. Leg. 2, 12, 29: libamenta Veneri solvere,Just. 12, 10, 4: haec ego nascentes laetus bacchatus ad aras libamenta tuli,
,Cic. Rep. 2, 24, 44: haec est lex sacrificii et libamentorum,Vulg. Lev. 6, 14 (cf. libamen, I. A.).Trop.That which is tasted: varia illa libamenta,Sen. Ep. 84, 5.A trial, first attempt, a sample, specimen (post-class. and very rare): primitias quasdam et quasi libamenta ingenuarum artium dedimus, Gell. N. A. praef. § 13; id. 16, 8, 15.
libanios lĭbănĭos, ĭi, f., = λιβάνιος, a kind of vine, with the odor of frankincense, growing in the island of Thasos, Plin. 14, 18, 22, § 117.
libanitis lĭbănītis, ĭdis, f., = λιβανῖτις, a plant, called also polion, App. Herb. 57.
libanochrus lĭbănŏchrūs, i, f., = λιβανόχρους (frankincense-colored), a precious stone, otherwise unknown, Plin. 37, 10, 62, § 171.
libarius lībārĭus, ii, m.libum, a pastry-cook, confectioner, Sen. Ep. 56, 3.
libatio lībātĭo, ōnis, f.libo, a drink-offering, libation, Cic. Harusp. Resp. 10, 21: mensa, in qua epulae, libationesque reponuntur,Macr. S. 3, 11, 5.A Mosaic drink-offering ( = libamentum), Vulg. Num. 28, 24 al.
libator lībātor, ōris, m.id., one who makes a libation: cenarum libator, Front. de Fer. Als. ep. 3 Mai.
libatorium lībātōrĭum, ĭi, n.id., the vessel in which a libation was offered, Vulg. 1 Macc. 1, 23; id. Esr. 2, 13.
libella lībella, ae, f.dim.libra. An as, a small silver coin, the tenth part of a denarius: nummi denarii decuma libella, quod libram pondo aeris valebat, et erat ex argento parva,Varr. L. L. 5, § 174 Müll.: librales, unde etiam nunc libella dicitur et dupondius, appendebantur asses,Plin. 33, 3, 13, § 42; Cato, R. R. 15, 1: sunt enim in sestertio libellae decem, singulae viginti, teruncii quadraginta, Volus. Maec. 66. In gen. Prov. for a very small sum of money, as with us a farthing, groat, cent: una libella liber possum fieri,Plaut. Cas. 2, 5, 8; cf. id. Capt. 5, 1, 27: tibi libellam argenti numquam credam,id. Ps. 2, 2, 34: quoi neque libellai spes sit usquam gentium,id. ib. 1, 1, 96: quom libella nusquamst, nisi, etc.,id. ib. 4, 7, 47: quis Volcatio unam libellam dedisset?Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 10, § 26. Hence, ad libellam, i. q. ad assem, to a farthing, to a cent, exactly, Cic. Rosc. Com. 4, 11. In inheritances: ex libella, i. q. ex asse, sole heir: Curius fecit palam te ex libella, me ex teruncio,Cic. Att. 7, 2, 3. An instrument for detecting any variation from a perfectly horizontal surface, a level, water-level, plummetline: libella aliqua si ex parti claudicat hilum,Lucr. 4, 515: collocare et expolire aliquid ad regulam et libellam,Vitr. 1, 6, 6; cf. Plin. 36, 25, 63, § 188: structuram (parietis) ad normam et libellam fieri, et ad perpendiculum respondere oportet,id. 36, 22, 51, § 172: locus qui est ad libellam aequus,
libellaris lĭbellāris, e, adj.libellus, of or belonging to books, book- (late Lat.): opus,
a written work, writing
,Sid. Ep. 9, 11.
libellatici lĭbellātĭci, ōrum, m.id., a term applied to Christians who, during the persecutions, purchased false certificates of a magistrate that they had sacrificed in the heathen manner, Cypr. Ep. 55.
libellensis lĭbellensis, is, m.id., an officer who presented petitions to the emperor and registered them, Cod. 7, 62, 32; 12, 19, 14; 3, 24, 3.
libellio lĭbellĭo, ōnis, m.id.. * A notary, Varr. ap. Non. 133, 28.A poor bookseller: de capsa miseri libellionis,Stat. S. 4, 9, 21.
libellulus lĭbellŭlus, i, m.dim.id., a very little book (post-class.), Mart. Cap. 3, § 289.
libellus lĭbellus, i, m.dim.3. liber. * The inner bark of a tree, used for writing-tablets: levis in aridulo malvae descripta libello (carmina), Cinna ap. Isid. Orig. 6, 12. Transf., a little book, pamphlet, esp. a book written in pages, and not in long rolls: epistulae, quas primus videtur ad paginas et formam memorialis libelli convertisse (opp. transversa charta),Suet. Caes. 56. In gen.: scripsi etiam illud quodam in libello,Cic. de Or. 1, 21, 94: in quodam joculari libello,Quint. 8, 6, 73; 2, 13, 15: quoi dono lepidum novum libellum,Cat. 1, 1: horribilis et sacer,id. 14, 12: quicquid hoc libelli est,id. 1, 8: libellis eum (Scipionem) palaestraeque operam dare,
to books
,Liv. 29, 19 fin.: nostri farrago libelli,Juv. 1, 86. Of a single satire, Hor. S. 1, 10, 92. In plur., poet., a bookseller's shop: te (quaesivimus) in omnibus libellis,Cat. 55, 4 (dub.; al. labellis); Mart. 5, 20, 8. In partic., a writing of any kind. A memorandumbook, journal, diary: si quid memoriae causā retulit in libellum,Cic. Phil. 1, 8, 19: in commentariolis et chirographis et libellis,id. ib. 1, 7, 16; Quint. 12, 8, 5; cf. id. 10, 7, 31; 11, 3, 142; 6, 2, 5.A memorial: non illi in libellis laudationum decreta miserunt,Cic. Clu. 69, 197.A petition: Atticus libellum composuit: eum mihi dedit, ut darem Caesari,Cic. Att. 16, 16, A, 4: libellum alicui porrigere,Suet. Aug. 53: supplices libelli,Mart. 8, 31, 3: vitem posce libello,Juv. 14, 193: libellos signare, subnotare, to answer petitions: libellos signare,Suet. Aug. 50: subnotare libellos,Plin. Ep. 1, 10, 9; so, ad libellum rescribere, Mos. et Rom. Leg. Coll. 3, 3, 5: libellos agere,
to have the charge of answering petitions
,Dig. 20, 5, 12: a libellis, the officer charged with receiving petitions: Epaphroditum a libellis capitali poena condemnavit,Suet. Dom. 14; Inscr. Grut. 587, 9: A LIBELLIS ADIVTOR,ib. 587, 7.A note of invitation, to hear a lecture, see a play, etc., a notice, programme: gladiatorum libellos venditare,Cic. Phil. 2, 38, 97: domum mutuatur et subsellia conducit et libellos dispergit,Tac. Or. 9: munerarius, the programme of a festival, Treb. Claud. 5.A public notification, announcement, placard, handbill: edere per libellos,Suet. Caes. 41: libellos Sex. Alfenus, procurator P. Quincti, deicit,
tears down the auction handbills
,Cic. Quint. 6, 27: suspensum amici bonis libellum,Sen. Ben. 4, 12: vestitur tota libellis porticus,Juv. 12, 100.A letter: (laetitias) in libello hoc opsignato quas tuli pausillulo,Plaut. Ps. 2, 4, 16 (cf. epistulam, id. ib. v. 26): libellum ipsius habeo in quo, etc.,Cic. Att. 6, 1, 5: ut ex libellis ejus animadverti, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 11, 1.A libel, lampoon, pasquinade (post-Aug.): libellos aut carmina ad infamiam cujuspiam edere,Suet. Aug. 55; id. Caes. 80; id. Vit. 14: sparsos de se in Curia famosos libellos,id. Aug. 55: sive quis ad infamiam alicujus libellum aut carmen scripserit,Gai. Inst. 3, 220: injuriam patimur ... famosis libellis,Paul. Sent. 5, 4, 1.A written accusalion or complaint (post-Aug.): componunt ipsae per se formantque libellos,Juv. 6, 244; Dig. 48, 2, 3.A lawyer's brief: quid causidicis praestent magno comites in fasce libelli?Juv. 7, 107.An attestation, certificate: significent id libello manu sua subscripto,Dig. 39, 4, 4.
libens lĭbens (lŭb-), entis, P. a., v. libet.
libenter lĭbenter (lŭb-), adv., v. libet fin.
libentia lĭbentĭa (lŭb-), ae, f.libens, delight, pleasure, joy (ante- and post-class.): onustum pectus porto laetitia lubentiaque,Plaut. Stich. 2, 1, 3: postquam erili filio Largitu's dictis dapsilis lubentias,id. Ps. 1, 4, 3: libentiae gratiaeque conviviorum,Gell. 15, 2, 7. Personified: Lĭbentĭa (Lŭb-), ae, f., the goddess of delight, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 2; cf. the foll. art.
Libentina Lĭbentīna (Lŭb-), ae, f.id., usually connected with Venus, the goddess of sensual pleasure, Venus: a lubendo libido, libidinosus ac Venus Libentina et Libitina,Varr. L. L. 6, § 47 Müll.; id. ap. Non. 64, 14; Cic. N. D. 2, 23, 61: lucus Veneris Lubentinae, Varr. ap. Non. 64, 14; Aug. Civ. Dei, 4, 8.
libeo lĭbĕo, v. libet.
liber līber, ĕra, ĕrum (old form, loebesum et loebertatem antiqui dicebant liberum et libertatem. Ita Graeci λοιβὴν et λείβειν, Paul. ex Fest. p. 121 Müll.; cf. 2. Liber), adj.Gr. root λιφ‐, λίπτω, to desire; cf. Sanscr. lub-dhas, desirous; Lat. libet, libido, that acts according to his own will and pleasure, is his own master; free, unrestricted, unrestrained, unimpeded, unshackled; independent, frank, open, bold (opp. servus, servilis). In gen.; constr. absol., with ab, the abl., and poet. also with gen.Absol.: dictum est ab eruditissimis viris, nisi sapientem liberum esse neminem. Quid est enim libertas? Potestas vivendi ut velis,Cic. Par. 5, 1, 33: an ille mihi liber, cui mulier imperat, cui leges imponit, praescribit, jubet, vetat? etc.,id. ib. 5, 2, 36: ad scribendi licentiam liber,id. N. D. 1, 44, 123: agri immunes ac liberi,Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 69, § 166: integro animo ac libero causam defendere,
,id. 35, 7: custodia, free custody (i. e. confinement to a house or to a town), id. 24, 45; Vell. 1, 11, 1; v. custodia, II.: legatio, v. legatio: suffragia,
,Plin. Ep. 1, 5. Comp.: hoc liberiores et solutiores sumus, quod, etc.,Cic. Ac. 2, 3, 8: est finitimus oratori poëta, numeris astrictior paulo, verborum licentia liberior,id. de Or. 1, 16, 70: liberiores litterae,id. Att. 1, 13, 1: amicitia remissior esse debet et liberior et dulcior,
,Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 1: indignatio,id. Epod. 4, 10.Free or exempt from, void of; with ab: Mamertini vacui, expertes, soluti ac liberi fuerunt ab omni sumptu, molestia, munere,Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 10, § 23; cf.: (consul) solutus a cupiditatibus, liber a delictis,id. Agr. 1, 9, 27: ab observando homine perverso liber,id. Att. 1, 13, 2: liber a tali irrisione Socrates, liber Aristo Chius,id. Ac. 2, 39, 123: ab omni animi perturbatione liber,id. Off. 1, 20, 67; id. N. D. 2, 21, 55: loca abdita et ab arbitris libera,id. Att. 15, 16, B: libera a ferro crura,Ov. P. 1, 6, 32: animus liber a partibus rei publicae,Sall. C. 4. With abl.: animus omni liber curā et angore,
,Stat. S. 4, 2, 24. (ε) Liberum est, with subject-clause: quam (opinionem) sequi magis probantibus liberum est,
it is free, permitted, allowable
,Quint. 6, 3, 112; Plin. Ep. 1, 8: dies eligere certos liberum erat,Plin. 30, 2, 6, § 16. So in abl. absol.: libero, quid firmaret mutaretve,Tac. A. 3, 60. In partic. Free, in a social point of view, not a slave (opp. servus; also to ingenuus): neque vendendam censes quae libera est,Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 40; cf. id. ib. v. 28: dis habeo gratiam quom aliquot affuerunt liberae, because slaves were not permitted to testify,id. And. 4, 4, 32; opp. ingenuus, free-born: quid ea? ingenuan' an festucā facta e servā liberast?Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 14: in jure civili, qui est matre liberā, liber est,Cic. N. D. 3, 18, 45; id. Caecin. 36, 96: si neque censu, neque vindictā, nec testamento liber factus est (servus), non est liber,id. Top. 2, 10: quae (assentatio) non modo amico, sed ne libero quidem digna est,
of a freeman
,id. Lael. 24, 89; Quint. 11, 1, 43: liberorum hominum alii ingenui sunt, alii libertini,Gai. Inst. 1, 10; cf. sqq.: ex ancilla et libero jure gentium servus nascitur, id. ib. 1, 82; cf. § 85; Paul. Sent. 2, 24, 1 sqq.Free, in a political point of view; said both of a people not under monarchical rule and of one not in subjection to another people,Cic. Rep. 1, 32, 48; cf.: ut ex nimia potentia principum oritur interitus principum, sic hunc nimis liberum populum libertas ipsa servitute afficit,id. ib. 1, 44, 68: liber populus,id. ib. 3, 34, 46: (Demaratus) vir liber ac fortis,
democratic, republican, fond of liberty
,id. ib. 2, 19, 34: civitates liberae atque immunes,
free from service
,Liv. 37, 55: provinciae civitatesque liberae,Suet. Vesp. 8: libera ac foederata oppida,id. Calig. 3: Roma patrem patriae Ciceronem libera dixit,Juv. 8, 244. In a bad sense, esp. with reference to sensual pleasure, unbridled, unchecked, unrestrained, licentious: quam liber harum rerum multarum siet (Juppiter),Plaut. Am. prol. 105: adulescens imprudens et liber,Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 40; cf.: sit adulescentia liberior,
liber līber, ĕri (gen. plur. liberūm, Att. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 9; Turp. ap. Non. 495, 26; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 15, § 40; 2, 1, 30, § 77; Tac. A. 2, 38; 3, 25 saep.; cf. Cic. Or. 46, 155; but also: liberorum,Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 30, § 76; 2, 5, 42, § 109), m.1. liber, a child.Sing. (post-class. and rare): si quis maximam portionem libero relinquat,Cod. Just. 3, 28, 33; 5, 9, 8fin.; Quint. Decl. 2, 8.Plur., children (freq.; but in class. Lat. only of children with reference to their parents: pueri = children in general, as younger than adulescentes; cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 657 sq.). Lit.: liberorum genus, Enn. ap. Cic. Or. 46, 155 (Trag. v. 347 Vahl.): liberorum sibi quaesendum gratia, id. ap. Fest. p. 258 Müll. (Trag. v. 161 Vahl.): cum conjugibus et liberis,Cic. Att. 8, 2, 3: eum ex C. Fadii filiā liberos habuisse,id. ib. 16, 11, 1: liberos procreare,id. Tusc. 5, 37, 109: suscipere liberos,Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 69, § 161: per liberos te precor,Hor. Epod. 5, 5: dulces,id. ib. 2, 40: parvuli,Quint. 2, 15, 8; opp. parentes,id. 11, 1, 82; 3, 7, 18; 26; 6, 1, 18; 6, 5 al.: mater quae liberos, quasi oculos (amisit), orba est, Sulp. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 182 Müll.: jus trium liberorum, under the emperors, a privilege enjoyed by those who had three legitimate children (it consisted in the permission to fill a public office before one's twenty-fifth year, and in freedom from personal burdens); this privilege was sometimes also bestowed on those who had fewer than three children, or even none at all; also of one child: non est sine liberis, cui vel unus filius unave filia est,Dig. 50, 16, 148; Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 6; Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 15; id. Heaut. 1, 1, 99; id. And. 5, 3, 20; Cic. Phil. 1, 1, 2; id. de Imp. Pomp. 12, 33; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 15, § 40; ib. 30, § 76 Zumpt; cf. also Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5: neque ejus legendam filiam (virginem Vestalem) ... qui liberos tres haberet,Gell. 1, 12, 8: uxores duxerant, ex quibus plerique liberos habebant,Caes. B. C. 3, 110, 2. Of grandchildren and great-grandchildren: liberorum appellatione nepotes et pronepotes ceterique qui ex his descendunt, continentur,Dig. 50, 16, 220; cf.: liberi usque ad trinepotem, ultra hos posteriores vocantur,ib. 38, 10, 10, § 7: habitus sis in liberum loco,Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 15, § 40. Esp. Of sons (opp. daughters): procreavit liberos septem totidemque filias,Hyg. Fab. 9. Of children in gen. = pueri: praecepta Chrysippi de liberorum educatione,Quint. 1, 11, 17; cf.: Catus aut de liberis educandis, the title of a book by Varro, v. Gell. 4, 19, 2; Macr. S. 3, 6, 5.Transf., of animals, young: liberis orbas oves,Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 38. Comically: quaerunt litterae hae sibi liberos: alia aliam scandit,Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 23.
liber lĭber, bri, m.Gr. λέπειν, to peel; λέπος, λεπίς; cf. λοβός, the inner bark or rind of a tree. Lit. In gen.: obducuntur libro aut cortice trunci,Cic. N. D. 2, 47, 120: colligatae libris (arundines),Varr. R. R. 1, 8, 4: udoque docent (germen) inolescere libro,Verg. G. 2, 77: natam libro et silvestri subere clausam,id. A. 11, 554; id. E. 10, 67: quam denso fascia libro,Juv. 6, 263. Esp., because the ancients used the bark or rind of trees to write upon; usually the thin rind of the Egyptian papyrus, on which the books of the Greeks and Romans were usually written (v. Dict. of Antiq. p. 587 sq.): antea non fuisse chartarum usum. In palmarum foliis primo scriptitatum, dein quarundam arborum libris,Plin. 13, 11, 21, § 69. Hence, Transf.Paper, parchment, or rolls of any substance used to write upon (cf.: charta, membrana): quasi quom in libro scribuntur calamo litterae,Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 131. Most freq. a book, work, treatise: Demetrii liber de concordia,Cic. Att. 8, 12, 6: quas (sententias) hoc libro exposui,id. Lael. 1, 3; cf. id. ib. 1, 5: dixi in eo libro, quem de rebus rusticis scripsi,id. de Sen. 15, 54: libros pervolutare,id. Att. 5, 12, 2: evolvere,id. Tusc. 1, 11, 24: volvere,id. Brut. 87, 298: legere,id. Fam. 6, 6, 8: edere,id. Fat. 1, 1: libri confectio,id. de Sen. 1, 1: tempus ad libros vacuum,id. Rep. 1, 9, 14: cujus (Platonis) in libris,id. ib. 1, 10, 16: in Graecorum libris,id. ib. 2, 11, 21: librum, si malus est, nequeo laudare,Juv. 3, 41: actorum libri,
the official gazette
,id. 9, 84; cf. 2, 136; and v. Dict. Antiq. s. v. Acta. In partic. A division of a work a look: tres libri perfecti sunt de Natura Deorum,Cic. Div. 2, 1, 3: hi tres libri (de Officiis),id. Off. 3, 33, 121: sermo in novem libros distributus,id. Q. Fr. 3, 5, 1: dictum est in libro superiore,id. Off. 2, 13, 43 sicut superiore libro continetur, Quint. 11, 1, 1: versus de libro Ennii annali sexto,id. 6, 3, 86: liber primus, secundus, tertius, etc.,id. 8, 1, 2; 10, 2, 20; 11, 1, 4 al. Sometimes, in this latter case, liber is omitted: in T. Livii primo,Quint. 9, 2, 37: in tertio de Oratore,id. 9, 1, 26: legi tuum nuper quartum de Finibus,Cic. Tusc. 5, 11, 32. In relig. or pub. law lang., a religious book, scriptures; a statute - book, code: decemviris adire libros jussis,i. e.
Liber Līber, ĕri (Sabine collat. form, loebasius, acc. to Serv. Verg. G. 1, 7; cf. 1. liber, and libertas init.), m.Gr. λείβω, to pour; λοιβή, a drink - offering; Lat. libare, an old Italian deity, who presided over planting and fructification; afterwards identified with the Greek Bacchus: hunc dico Liberum Semelā natum, non eum, quem nostri majores auguste sancteque Liberum cum Cerere et Libera consecraverunt. Sed quod ex nobis natos liberos appellamus, idcirco Cerere nati nominati sunt Liber et Libera: quod in Libera servant, in Libero non item,Cic. N. D. 2, 24, 62; cf. Serv. Verg. G. 1, 5; Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 19: tertio (invocabo) Cererem et Liberum, quod horum fructus maxime necessarii ad victum: ab his enim cibus et potio venit e fundo,Varr. R. R. 1, 1, 5: Liber et alma Ceres,Verg. G. 1, 7: ex aede Liberi,Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 57, § 128; in a pun with 1. liber,Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 46; cf. id. Curc. 1, 2, 21; id. Stich. 5, 4, 17; so in a pun with liber, free: quiaque adeo me complevi flore Liberi, Magis libera uti lingua collibitum est mihi,Plaut. Cist. 1, 2, 8; cf.: salve, anime mi, lepos Liberi, ut veteris ego sum cupida, etc.,id. Curc. 1, 2, 3. Connected with pater: sic factum, ut Libero patri repertori vitis hirci immolarentur,Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 19: Romulus et Liber pater,Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 5: per vestigia Liberi patris,Plin. 4, 10, 17, § 39: patre favente Libero fetis palmitibus,Col. 3, 21, 3: Libero patri in monte res divina celebratur,Macr. S. 1, 18, 4.Meton., wine: illud, quod erat a deo donatum, nomine ipsius dei nuncupabant: ut cum fruges Cererem appellamus, vinum autem Liberum: ex quo illud Terentii (Eun. 4, 5, 6): sine Cerere et Libero friget Venus,Cic. N. D. 2, 23, 60: Liberum et Cererem pro vino et pane,Quint. 8, 6, 24; cf. also Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 4 supra: sed pressum Calibus ducere Liberum Si gestis, etc.,Hor. C. 4, 12, 14: condita cum verax aperit praecordia Liber,id. S. 1, 4, 89.
Libera Lībĕra, ae, f.3. Liber. Proserpine, daughter of Ceres, and sister of Liber: hunc dico Liberum Semelā natum, non eum, quem nostri majores auguste sancteque Liberum cum Cerere et Libera consecraverunt, etc.,Cic. N. D. 2, 24, 62; Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 14, § 36: Ceres et Libera, quarum sacra, etc.,id. ib. 2, 5, 72, § 137: signa aënea Cereri, Libero Liberaeque posuerunt,Liv. 33, 25: supplicatio ad Cereris, Liberi Liberaeque fuit,id. 41, 28; for which in full: familia ad aedem Cereris, Liberi Liberaeque venum iret,id. 3, 55, 7.Ariadne (because she was the wife of Bacchus), Ov. F. 3, 512.
Liberalia Lībĕrālĭa, ĭum, v. 3. Liber, II.
liberalis lībĕrālis, e, adj.1. liber, of or belonging to freedom, relating to the freeborn condition of a man. Lit.: liberalis causa or liberale judicium, a suit concerning a person's freedom, v. Dig. 40, 12, 1 sqq.; Paul. Sent. 5, 1, 1 sqq.: si quisquam hanc liberali caussa manu adsereret,Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 4; cf. 5, 2, 68: manu eas adserat liberali causa,id. Poen. 4, 2, 84: nam ego liberali illam assero causa manu,
,Cic. Att. 3, 15, 4; so, liberalibus verbis permulceri, Sall. Fragm. ap. Prisc. p. 871 P. In partic. Bountiful, generous, munificent, liberal (syn. munificus): liberales (sunt), qui suis facultatibus aut captos a praedonibus redimunt, aut aes alienum suscipiunt amicorum, etc.,Cic. Off. 2, 16, 56: benefici liberalesque,id. Lael. 9, 31; cf.: liberalissimi et beneficentissimi,id. ib. 14, 51: liberalissimus munificentissimusque,id. Rosc. Com. 8, 22: virtus munifica et liberalis,id. Rep. 3, 8, 12: largus, beneficus, liberalis,id. Deiot. 9, 26. With gen.: laudis avidi, pecuniae liberales erant,Sall. C. 7, 6. With in and acc.: in omne genus hominum liberalissimus,Suet. Vesp. 7. Of things, plentiful, copious, abundant: largum et liberale viaticum,Cic. Fl. 6, 14: potio,Cels. 3, 6: liberalius alimentum,id. 8, 10, 7.Noble, engaging, beautiful (ante-class.): illarum altera pulcer est et liberalis,Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 60: lepidā et liberali formast,id. ib. 4, 1, 20; id. Ep. 5, 1, 41; id. Pers. 1, 3, 50: species,id. ib. 4, 3, 76; cf.: liberales dicuntur non solum benigni, sed etiam ingenuae formae homines, Paul. ex Fest. p. 121 Müll. Hence, adv.: lībĕrālĭter, in a manner befitting a freeman, nobly, ingenuously, kindly, courteously, graciously. In gen.: homo liberaliter educatus,Cic. Fin. 3, 17, 57: eruditi,id. Tusc. 2, 2, 6: vivere,id. Lael. 23, 86: servire,i. e.
Liberalis Lībĕrālis, e, adj., of or belonging to Liber or Bacchus: ludi, a festival in honor of Bacchus, = Liberalia (v. infra), Naev. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 116 Müll. Hence, subst.: Lībĕrālĭa, ĭum, n., a festival in honor of Liber, celebrated on the 17th of March, the day on which youths received the manly toga, Ov. F. 3, 713: Liberalium dies, a pontificibus agonium martiale appellatur,Macr. S. 1, 4, § 15: sacra,id. ib. 1, 18, § 22; Calend. Maff. ap. Inscr. Orell. II. p. 411: Liberalia tu accusas,Cic. Att. 14, 10, 1: Liberalibus litteras accepi tuas,id. Fam. 12, 25, 1. Called also: ludi Liberales: Liberalia Liberi festa, quae apud Graecos dicuntur Διονύσια. Libera lingua loquemur ludis Liberalibus, Naev. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 116 Müll.; Com. Rel. v. 113 Rib.
liberalitas lībĕrālĭtas, ātis, f.1. liber, a way of thinking befitting a freeman; a noble, kind, or friendly disposition, noble spirit, kindness, affability. In gen. (rare): liberalitate liberos retinere satius est, quam metu,Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 32: qui ita vivunt, ut eorum probetur fides, liberalitas,
kindness
,Cic. Lael. 5, 19: (L. Cassius) homo, non liberalitate, ut alii, sed ipsa tristitia et severitate popularis,id. Brut. 25, 97. In partic., generosity, liberality (the usual signif. of the word; syn.: bonitas, beneficentia, benignitas): beneficentia, quam eandem vel benignitatem vel liberalitatem appellari licet,Cic. Off. 1, 7, 20: liberalitas ac benignitas,id. de Or. 2, 25, 105: magnificentia liberalitatis,id. Rosc. Com. 8, 24: ut ea liberalitate utamur, quae prosit amicis, noceat nemini,id. Off. 1, 14, 43: quid dicam de pietate in matrem, liberalitate in sorores?id. Lael. 3, 11: liberalitatis virtutes,Quint. 6 prooem. § 6: illa quidam catachresis volunt esse, cum ... pro luxuria liberalitas dicitur; a quibus equidem dissentio,id. 8, 6, 36.Transf. (abstr. pro concr.), a gift, present (post-Aug.): decima parte liberalitatis apud quemque eorum relicta,Tac. H. 1, 20; Suet. Tib. 46: unaque et altera liberalitate locupletavit, id. Vit. Hor. Plur.: revocatae liberalitates ejus,
liberatio lībĕrātĭo, ōnis, f.libero, a freeing or becoming free, a delivering, releasing, release, liberation. In gen.: ipsa liberatione et vacuitate omnis molestiae gaudemus,Cic. Fin. 1, 11, 37: malorum,Quint. 5, 10, 33: culpae,Cic. Lig. 1, 1: rempublicam sub obtentu liberationis invadere,
of setting it at liberty
,Just. 5, 8, 12. In partic. A discharge in a court of law, an acquittal: libidinosissimae liberationes,Cic. Pis. 36, 87. In jurid. Lat., a discharge or release from debt, a payment: liberationis verbum eandem vim habet quam solutionis,Dig. 50, 16, 47: liberationem debitori legare,i. e.
remission
,ib. 34, 3, 3; cf.: de liberatione legata, of releasing from a debt by last will or testament, ib. 34, tit. 3.
liberatrix lībĕrātrix, īcis, f.liberator, she that releases, Eckhel. D. N. V. T. 6, p. 288.
libere lībĕrē, adv., v. 1. liber fin. A.
liberi lībĕri, ōrum, children; v. 2. liber.
libero lībĕro, āvi, ātum, 1 (old form of the fut. perf. liberasso, Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 66), v. a.1. liber, to make or set free, to free, liberate (syn. vindico). Lit., to release from slavery, to free, manumil: amicas emite, liberate,Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 22: liberem ego te?id. Men. 5, 7, 35: servos,Caes. B. C. 3, 9: sese,Cic. de Or. 1, 40, 182: aliquem vindictā liberare,Plin. Ep. 7, 16, 4.Transf. In gen., to free, release, extricate, deliver (cf. levo) a person or thing from something (an obligation, debt, difficulty, etc.); constr.: aliquem (aliquid) ab aliqua re, with simple abl.; less freq. with gen. With personal objects. With ab: teque item ab eo vindico ac libero,Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1: se a Venere,
,id. Fam. 5, 20, 4: Buthrotios cum Caesar decreto suo liberavisset, viz.,
from a division of their lands
,id. Att. 16, 16, C, 11: amotusque post triumphum abdicatione dictaturae terror et linguam et animos liberaverat hominum,Liv. 6, 16, 8: (debitores) capitis deminutione liberantur,i. e.
from debt
,Gai. Inst. 3, 84 al. With inanim. and abstr. objects: eum (mundum) ab omni erratione liberavit,Cic. Univ. 6; cf. below, at the end of this number: quorum linguae sic inhaererent, ut loqui non possent, eae scalpello resectae liberarentur,
,Liv. 7, 21: impensam, to clear or repay expenses, Col. 3, 3. Of an abstr. object: divinum animum corpore liberatum cogitatione complecti,Cic. Tusc. 1, 22, 51. In partic. To absolve or acquit in a court of justice (syn.: absolvo, solvo): aliquem, opp. condemnare,Cic. Clu. 22, 60: aliquem crimine aliquo,Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 29, § 71: liberatur Milo, non eo consilio profectus esse, is acquitted of the charge of having undertaken a journey with the design, etc., id. Mil. 18, 47: reum a judicibus hoc defensionis modo liberari non posse,Quint. 7, 4, 20. Very rarely with acc. of the charge: crimen libidinis confessio intemperantiae liberavit,Val. Max. 8, 1, 12.To clear, i. e. to pass, traverse, cross over a place without hinderance (post - Aug.): flumen,Front. Strat. 1, 5, 3; 4, 7, 28; Hyg. Fab. 257: angustias freti,Front. Strat. 1, 4, 13: limen,Petr. 136. Templa liberata, freed from buildings that obstructed the view, i. e. having a free prospect, Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 21.
liberta līberta, ae, v. libertus, B.
libertas lībertas (old form, loebertas; v. 1. liber init.), ātis, f.1. liber, the state or condition of a freeman, a being free, freedom, liberty, freedom from restraint or obligation, free will, etc. In gen.: quid est enim libertas? potestas vivendi, ut velis,Cic. Par. 5, 1, 34: ne majorem largiar ei, qui contra dicturus est, libertatem et licentiam,id. Ac. 2, 10, 30: praecidere sibi libertatem vivendi,Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 1, § 3: tabella dat populo eam libertatem, ut, quod velint, faciant,id. Planc. 6, 16: libertas in ridendo, in plorando,id. ib. 14, 33: omnium rerum impunitam libertatem tenere,id. de Or. 1, 52, 226: libertas est naturalis facultas ejus quod cuique facere libet, nisi si quid vi aut jure prohibetur,Just. Inst. 1, 3, 1. With gen.: feminae omnium rerum libertatem desiderant,Liv. 34, 2fin: testamentorum,Quint. 3, 6, 84: verborum (with licentia figurarum),id. 10, 1, 28: dialogorum,id. 10, 5, 15: caeli,
the open air
,id. 10, 3, 22. Poet. with inf sit modo libertas, quae velit ira, loqui, Prop. 1, 1, 28: nec mihi libertas imis freta tollere arenis,Val. Fl. 1, 601. In partic. Civil freedom, liberty, opp. to slavery: Scaevae, servo Q. Crotonis, libertas data est,Cic. Rab. Perd. 11, 31: alicujus libertati parcere, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38 (Ann. v. 206 Vahl.): omnes homines naturā libertati studere et condicionem servitutis odisse,Caes. B. G. 3, 10 fin.: patriam et libertatem perdidi,Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 50: libertas paenulast tergo tuo,id. Most. 4, 2, 74: haruspex his promisit libertatem,id. Poen. 5, 4, 54: aliquem in libertatem asserere,Suet. Vit. 10: petitur puer in libertatem,id. Rhet. 1: libertatis condicio,Ulp. Fragm. 2, 3: favor libertatis,Gai. Inst. 1, 21; Paul. Sent. 2, 23, 2: libertatem dare,Gai. Inst. 2, 200: amittere,id. ib. 1, 160 sq. In plur. (anteand post-class.): tribus non conduci possim libertatibus, Quin, etc.,Plaut. Cas. 2, 8, 70: pecunias et libertates servis et ante dono datas,Tac. A. 15, 55: in libertatibus dandis,Gai. Inst. 2, § 228: libertatium conservandarum causa,Dig. 38, 1, 13, § 1: lex (Fufia Caninia) cavet ut libertates servis testamento nominatim dentur,Ulp. Fragm. 1, 25.Trop.: se in libertatem vindicare,Cic. de Or. 2, 33, 145; cf.: in libertatem vindicati,id. N. D. 1, 20, 56.Political freedom, liberty, or independence of a people not under monarchical rule, or not subject to another people (opp. servitus and dominatus): aut exigendi reges non fuerunt: aut plebi re, non verbo danda libertas,Cic. Leg. 3, 10 fin.: aliae nationes servitutem pati possunt: populi Romani est propria libertas,id. Phil. 6, 7 fin.; cf. id. ib. 3, 11fin.: in optimatium dominatu vix particeps libertatis potest esse multitudo,id. Rep. 1, 27, 43: et a regum et a patrum dominatione solere in libertatem rem populi vindicari, etc.,id. ib. 1, 32, 48: alicui eripere libertatem,id. ib. 1, 17, 28: in libertate permanere,Caes. B. G. 3, 8: libertatem accipere, recuperare,id. ib. 7, 1fin.: plus communi libertati tribuere,id. ib. 7, 37: per dolum ac proditionem prope libertas amissa est,Liv. 2, 3, 1: conditor Romanae libertatis,id. 8, 34.The spirit of liberty, consciousness of freedom: dolor animi, innata libertas, prompta excellensque virtus,Cic. Sest. 41, 88: timefacta libertas,id. Off. 2, 7, 24.Freedom of speech or thought, frankness, boldness, candor (mostly post-Aug.): hoc mihi libertas, hoc pia lingua dedit,Ov. H. 15, 68: vera de exitu ejus magna cum libertate ominatus est,Vell. 2, 71, 2: quae in aliis libertas est, in aliis licentia vocatur,Quint. 3, 8, 48: affectatores libertatis,id. 6, 2, 16; 10, 1, 94: antiqua comoedia facundissimae libertatis,id. 10, 1, 65: vox honestissimae libertatis,id. 11, 1, 37: libertas ingenii,Sall. J. 30, 3.Freedom from taxation, exemption: aedium,Dig. 8, 6, 18. Personified: Līber-tas, tatis, f., the goddess of Liberty, whose temple on the Aventine Hill was founded by the father of Tiberius Gracchus in the second Punic war; in the atrium of this temple the census-tables were preserved, Ov. F. 4, 624; Liv. 24, 17; 25, 7; 34, 44; 45, 15; Cic. Mil. 22, 59; id. Att. 4, 16, 14; id. N. D. 2, 23, 61. A statue of Libertas was erected by Clodius on the site of Cicero's house after it was pulled down, Cic. Att. 4, 2, 3.
libertina lībertīna, ae, v. 1. libertinus, II. B.
libertinitas lībertīnĭtas, ātis, f.libertinus, the condition of a freedman (jurid. Lat.), Dig. 22, 3, 14; 4, 8, 32; 49, 4, 2med. al.
libertinium lībertīnĭum, ii, n.libertinus, the property obtained by a freedman on the death of his patron: tenue,Calp. Decl. 14 fin. dub.
libertinus lībertīnus, a, um, adj.libertus, of or belonging to the condition of a freedman (opp. ingenuus, of the condition of a freeborn person; cf. in the foll. the passage Tac. A. 15, 57, and under II. A. the passage from Gai. Inst. 1, 10 and 11): homo liber, qui se vendidit, manumissus non ad suum statum revertitur, quo se abdicavit, sed efficitur libertinae condicionis,
enters into the condition of a freedman, becomes a freedman
,Hor. S. 1, 6, 6; so,id. ib. 45; 46; id. Ep. 1, 20, 20: sunt etiam libertini optimates,Cic. Sest. 45, 97: miles,Suet. Aug. 25: plebs,Plin. 14, 4, 5, § 48: opes,Mart. 5, 13, 6: homines libertini ordinis,Gell. 5, 19, 12. Hence, Subst.lībertīnus, i, m., a freedman (in reference to his status in society or the state; whereas a freedman was called libertus in reference to the manumitter): qui servus est, si manumittatur, fit libertinus,Quint. 5, 10, 60; cf.: servus cum manumittitur, libertinus: addictus recepta libertate ingenuus,id. 7, 3, 27: liberorum hominum alii ingenui sunt, alii libertini. Ingenui sunt, qui liberi nati sunt: libertini sunt, qui ex justa servitute manumissi sunt,Gai. Inst. 1, §§ 10 and 11; Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 10: sed ita pars libertinorumst, nisi patrono qui advorsatust, ni illi offecit, etc.,id. Pers. 5, 2, 57: Ti. Gracchus libertinos in urbanas tribus transtulit,Cic. de Or. 1, 9, 38; id. Phil. 3, 6 fin.: libertini centuriati,Liv. 10, 21, 4: libertinis detrahenda est auctoritas,Quint. 11, 1, 88: neminem libertinorum adhibitum ab eo cenae,Suet. Aug. 74: primus omnium libertinorum scribere' historiam orsus,id. Rhet. 3: quae deberetur cuidam libertino, clienti tuo,id. Caes. 2; cf. id. Claud. 26; Hor. S. 2, 3, 281: unde Mundior exiret vix libertinus honeste,id. ib. 2, 7, 12: libertinis nullo jure uti praetextis licebat,Macr. S. 1, 6, 13.Transf., the son of a freedman, opp. libertus, the freedman himself (only acc. to a statement of Suetonius and of Isidore; v.the foll.): ignarus, temporibus Appii et deinceps aliquandiu libertinos dictos non ipsos, qui manumitterentur, sed ingenuos ex his procreatos,Suet. Claud. 24: libertorum filii apud antiquos libertini appellabantur, quasi de libertis nati. Nunc vero libertinus aut a liberto factus aut possessus,Isid. Orig. 9, 4, 47: libertinos ab ingenuis adoptari jure posse, Mas. Sab. ap. Gell. 5, 19, 11.lībertīna, ae, f., a freedwoman, Plaut. Mil. 4, 1, 16: ingenuamne an libertinam?id. ib. 3, 1, 189: amore libertinae perinfamis,Suet. Vit. 2: aulica,id. Oth. 2; Gai. Inst. 3, § 51: tutior merx est Libertinarum,Hor. S. 1, 2, 48: Myrtale,id. C. 1, 33, 15: Phryne,id. Epod. 14, 15: libertinas ducere,Ulp. Fragm. 13, 1: libertinae quae longa veste uterentur,Macr. S. 1, 6, 13.
libertinus lībertīnus, i, v. 1. libertinus, II. A.
libertus lībertus, a, um, adj.= liberatus, from libero, made free, set free, only as subst., one made free, a freedman, an emancipated person (so called in reference to the manumitter; cf. libertinus, II., and on the several classes of freedmen, v. Sanders ad Just. Inst. 1, 5, 3). Lit.līber-tus, i, m.: tibi servire mavelim Multo, quam alii libertus esse,Plaut. Mil. 4, 8, 47: nec mihi quidem libertus ullus est,id. Curc. 4, 3, 15: feci, e servo ut esses libertus mihi,Ter. And. 1, 1, 10: libertus Cossinii,Cic. Fam. 13, 23: Ciceronis libertus Tiro, Quint. 10, 7, 31: Claudii Caesaris libertus,id. 6, 3, 81: servos nostros libertos suos fecisset,Cic. Mil. 33, 90; Suet. Claud. 27; Cic. Fam. 13, 21, 2; id. Sest. 35, 76: patrono in libertum manus injectio sit, Quint. 7, 7, 9; cf. id. 11, 1, 66. In fem.: lī-berta, ae (dat. and abl. libertis, Tac. A. 12, 53; Plin. Ep. 10, 4, 2), a freedwoman: jam libertā auctus es?Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 15: tua,id. ib. 4, 8, 7: mea,id. Ep. 3, 4, 29: matris meae liberta,Suet. Claud. 40: Anto niae liberta,id. Vesp. 3: si neque ipsa patrona neque liberta capite deminuta sit,Gai. Inst. 3, § 51: libertis libertabusque meis,Dig. 50, 16, 105; so esp. freq. in inscriptions: LIBERTIS LIBERTABVSQVE POSTERISQVE EORVM, etc.,Inscr. Orell. 3006; 3026 sq.Transf., in gen., a freedman, without reference to the manumitter; for the usual libertinus (only in late Lat.): de libertis et eorum liberis,Cod. Just. 6, 7 (for which: de libertinis,Just. Inst. 1, 5; Cod. Just. 10, 56).
libet lĭbet or lŭbet, libuit (lub-) and libitum (lub-) est (in Cic. perh. only in the latter form), 2, v. n. and impers. (libeo, es, etc., as a personal verb acc. to Caper ap. Prisc. p. 922 P.) [Sanscr. root lubh, cupere, desiderare; Gr. root λιφ‐ in λίπτω, λιψ; cf. Goth. liub-s; Germ. lieb, dear; Lat. līber], it pleases, is pleasing, is agreeable: mihi, I am disposed, I like, I please, I will. Constr. with nom. of a demonstr. or rel. pronoun, with inf. or a subject-clause as subject, or impers. without a subject, and with or without a dat.Id (quod) libet (mihi): quod tibi lubet, idem mihi lubet,Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 138: facite, quod vobis lubet,Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 34: cui facile persuasi, mihi id, quod rogaret, ne licere quidem, non modo non libere,Cic. Att. 14, 19, 4; cf.: sin et poterit Naevius id quod libet et ei libebit quod non licet, quid agendum est?id. Quint. 30, 94: quodcumque homini accidit libere, posse retur,Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 17: ubi peregre, tibi quod libitum fuit, feceris,Ter. Phorm. 5, 7, 77. Once in plur.: cetera item, quae cuique libuissent, dilargitus est,Suet. Caes. 20. Without a dat.: rogita quod lubet,Plaut. Ep. 5, 2, 31: faciat quod lubet,Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 55: nihil vident, nisi quod lubet,id. ib. 4, 1, 30: si quid lubet,id. Phorm. 5, 7, 88: quae (senectus) efficeret, ut id non liberet quod non oporteret,Cic. de Sen. 12, 42: illa priorum scribendi, quodcumque animo flagrante liberet, simplicitas,Juv. 1, 152. With inf. or a subject-clause, with or without a dat.: concedere aliquantisper hinc mihi intro lubet,Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 158: mihi lubet nunc venire Pseudolum,id. ib. 4, 5, 3; Ter. And. 5, 5, 2: Qui lubitumst illi condormiscere? Lu. Oculis, opinor, Plaut. Mil. 3, 2, 13: non libet mihi deplorare vitam,Cic. de Sen. 23, 84: quarum (orationum) alteram non libebat mihi scribere,id. Att. 2, 7, 1: de quo genere libitum est mihi paulo plura dicere,id. de Or. 2, 85, 348; id. Leg. 2, 27, 69; Ter. And. 1, 5, 28. Without a dat.: cum illuc ventum est, ire illinc lubet, Enn. ap. Gell. 19, 10, 12 (Trag. v. 258 Vahl.); Ter. And. 4, 5, 21: de C. Gracchi tribunatu quid exspectem non libet augurari,Cic. Lael. 12, 41: qui in foro, quicum colloqui libeat, non habeant,id. Rep. 1, 17, 28: incoharo haec studia, vel non vacabit, vel non libebit,Quint. 1, 12, 12; 10, 1, 13; Ter. Ad. 5, 1, 4: ultra Sauromatas fugere hinc libet,Juv. 2, 1: libet expectare quis impendat, etc., I should like to see who, etc., id. 12, 95.Absol., with or without a dat.: ego ibo pro te, si tibi non libet,Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 10: ubiquomque libitum erit animo meo,id. As. 1, 1, 97: adi, si libet,id. Pers. 5, 2, 13; Cic. Tusc. 5, 15, 45; Ter. And. 1, 3, 8: age, age, ut libet,id. ib. 2, 1, 10: ut libet, as an expression of assent,id. Heaut. 4, 4, 16; 4, 5, 32; 5, 1, 61; id. Ad. 2, 2, 38: Ch. Quid in urbe reptas villice? Ol. Lubet, Plaut. Cas. 1, 11; id. Bacch. 5, 2, 79: Pe. Qua fiducia ausus ... dicere? Ep. Libuit, Plaut. Ep. 5, 2, 33; cf. id. Ps. 1, 3, 114. Hence, lĭbens (lŭbens; LIBES, Inscr. R. N. 2598 Mommsen), entis, P. a., that does a thing willingly or with readiness, willing, with good will, with pleasure (class.). Lit. In gen.: studen hercle audire, nam ted ausculto lubens,Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 108: Ph. Complectere. An Facio lubens, id. As. 3, 3, 25: ego illud vero illud feci, ac lubens,Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 43; id. Heaut. 4, 5, 15; id. And. 2, 1, 37: cum totius Italiae concursus facti illius gloriam libens agnovisset, Cic. Mil. 14, 38. Freq. (esp. in Cic.; Cæs. and Quint. do not use libens as an adj. at all) in the abl. absol.: me, te, etc., and animo libente or libenti, with pleasure, gladly, very willingly: edepol me lubente facies,Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 218: me libente eripies mihi hunc errorem,Cic. Att. 10, 4, 6; id. de Or. 2, 73, 295: libente me vero,id. Rep. 1, 9 fin. Mos. N. cr.: quae (res nostrae) tam libenti senatu laudarentur,id. Att. 1, 14, 3: cum Musis nos delectabimus animo aequo, immo vero etiam gaudenti ac libenti,id. ib. 2, 4, 2. Sup.: cunctae praefecturae libentissimis animis eum recipiunt,Caes. B. C. 1, 15, 1: illam porticum redemptores statim sunt demoliti libentissimis omnibus,Cic. Att. 4, 2, 5: libentissimis Graecis,id. Fam. 13, 65, 1: lubentissimo corde atque animo,Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 22: fecit animo libentissimo populus Romanus,Cic. Verr. 1, 9, 25. In partic.: libens or libens merito (abbreviated L. M.), a formula used in paying a vow: Jovi lubens meritoque vitulor,Plaut. Pers. 2, 3, 1: EX VOTO L. M.,Inscr. Orell. 1412: V. S. L. M., i. e. votum solvit libens merito, or V. L. S., i. e. votum libens solvit, very freq. in inscriptions. Transf., glad, happy, joyful, cheerful, merry (ante-class.): uti ego illos lubentiores faciam, quam Lubentia'st,Plaut. As. 2, 2, 2: ego omnes hilaros, lubentes, laetificantes faciam ut fiant,id. Pers. 5, 1, 8: hilarum ac lubentem fac te in gnati nuptiis,Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 38. Hence, adv.: lĭbenter or lŭbenter, willingly, cheerfully, gladly, with pleasure, Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4, 4 (Ann. v. 239 Vahl.); id. ap. Non. 15, 12 (Trag. v. 379 ib.): cenare lubenter,Cato, R. R. 156: ecastor frigida non lavi magis lubenter,Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 1: ut homines te libenter studioseque audiant,Cic. Div. in Caecil. 12, 39; id. Rep. 1, 18, 30: libenter verbo utor Catonis,id. ib. 2, 1, 3; id. Lael. 24, 89; id. Rep. 2, 38, 64: ego tuas litteras legi libenter,id. Fam. 3, 5, 1; id. Att. 2, 1, 1: libenter homines id, quod volunt, credunt,Caes. B. G. 3, 18. Comp.: ille adjurans, nusquam se umquam libentius (cenavisse),
with a better appetite
,Cic. Fam. 9, 19, 1; id. Lael. 19, 68: nihil libentius audiunt,Quint. 7, 1, 63; 8, 2, 11: nil umquam hac carne libentius edit,Juv. 15, 88. Sup.: cui ego quibuscumque rebus potero libentissime commodabo, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 275, 18: cum lubentissime edis, Favorin. ap. Gell. 15, 8, 2: libentissime dare,Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 27, § 63; id. Leg. 2, 1, 1; Sen. Ep. 30, 9. Hence also, lĭbĭtus, a, um, P. a.; only plur. as subst.: lĭbĭta, ōrum, n., lit., the things that please, one's pleasure, will, liking, humor (Tacitean): sua libita exercebant,Tac. A. 6, 1: ad libita Caesarum,id. ib. 12, 6: ad libita Pallantis,id. ib. 14, 2.
Libethra Lībēthra, ae, f. (or ōrum, n.; Lībē-thros or -us, i, m., Serv. Verg. E. 7, 21), = Λείβηθρα, a fountain near Magnesia, in Macedonia, sacred to the Muses, Mel. 2, 3, 2; Plin. 4, 9, 16, § 32. Hence, Lībēthris, ĭdis, f., = Λειβηθρίς, Libethrian: fons,Mart. Cap. 6, § 654. Plur. subst.: Lībēthrĭ-dĕs, the Muses: nymphae Libethrides,Verg. E. 7, 21.
Libethrum Lībēthrum, i, n., = Λείβηθρον, a city of Macedonia, near the fountain of Libethra, Liv. 44, 5, 12.
libidinor lĭbīdĭnor (lŭbīd-), āri, v. dep.id, to indulge or gratify lust (post-Aug.): cum libidinatur,Mart. 7, 67, 13: inceste libidinari,Suet. Ner. 28 fin.: abeunt libidinatum ad filias Moab,Tert. ad Gnost. 3; Petr. 138, 7.
libidinose lĭbīdĭnōsē, adv., v. libidinosus fin.
libidinosus lĭbīdĭnōsus (lŭbīd-), a, um, adj.libido, full of desire, passion, or lust, selfwilled, licentious, sensual, lustful, voluptuous, libidinous. Lit. (in a bad sense), Cic. Rep. Fragm. ap. Non. 491, 16 (Rep. 2, 41, 68 Mos.): homo libidinosissimus,Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 78, § 192: nihil (isto) luxuriosius, nihil libidinosius,id. Pis. 27, 66: libidinosior es quam ullus spado,Quint. 6, 3, 64: caper,
,Col. 10 praef. § 2: libidinosam liberalitatem debiti nomine colorare,Val. Max. 8, 2, 2. Of speech, licentious, wanton: eloquentia,Quint. 5, 12, 20. In a good sense, eager, longing for a thing (post-class.): libidinosus eloquentiae et gloriae,Tert. Apol. 48; id. Virg. Vel. 13: suae sapientiae,id. Res. Carn. 32. Hence, adv.: lĭbīdĭ-nōsē, according to one's pleasure or caprice, wilfully, wantonly: quae ille libidinose, quae nefarie, quae crudeliter fecerit,Cic. Div. in Caecil. 12, 38: ne quid libidinose aut facias aut cogites,id. Off. 1, 4, 14; id. Rep. 2, 37, 63: libidinose crudeliterque consulere in aliquem,Liv. 3, 63. Comp.: libidinosius saevire,Tert. Monog. 16 fin.
libido lĭbīdo or lŭbīdo, ĭnis, f.libet, pleasure, desire, eagerness, longing, fancy, inclination (cf.: appetitio, optatio, cupiditas, cupido, studium). In gen.: ubilubido veniet nauseae,Cato, R. R. 156, 4; Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 26; Lucr. 4, 779: ex bonis (perturbationibus) libidinem et laetitiam, ut sit laetitia praesentium bonorum, libido futurorum,Cic. Tusc. 4, 6, 11: ipsa iracundia libidinis est pars: sic enim definitur iracundia, ulciscendi libido,id. ib. 3, 5, 11; id. Fin. 3, 9, 32: non omnibus delendi urbem libido erat,Liv. 5, 42: juventus magis in decoris armis et militaribus equis quam in scortis atque conviviis libidinem habebat,
,id. 6, 318. Esp., of unnatural lust, Suet. Aug. 71; Paul. Sent. 5, 23, 13. Of unbridled indulgence: vinulentiam ac libidines, grata barbaris, usurpans,Tac. A. 11, 16. Hence, Transf. (abstr. pro concreto): libidines, voluptuous or obscene representations in painting and sculpture, Cic. Leg. 3, 13, 31: in poculis libidines caelare juvit,Plin. 33 praef. § 4: pinxit et libidines,id. 35, 10, 36, § 72.
libita lĭbĭta, ōrum, n., v. libet fin. 2.
Libitina Lĭbĭtīna, ae, f.libet, līber, the goddess of corpses, in whose temple everything pertaining to burials was sold or hired out, and where the registers of deaths were kept. Lit.: triginta funerum milia in rationem Libitinae venerunt,
were registered
,Suet. Ner. 39.Transf.The requisites for burial, the apparatus of funerals: pestilentia tanta erat ut Libitina vix sufficeret,i. e.
libitinarius lĭbĭtīnārĭus, ii, m.Libitina, an undertaker (post-Aug.): designatores et libitinarii,Sen. Ben. 6, 38; cf.: si libitinarius, quos Graece νεκροθάπτας vocant, etc., Dig. 14, 3, 5, § 8.
Libitinensis Lĭbĭtīnensis, e, adj.id., of Libitina: porta,
the gate at which the bodies of slain gladiators were carried out
,Lampr. Commod. 16, 7.
libitus lĭbĭtus, a, um, Part., from libet.
libo lībo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.root λιβ‐, λειβω, λοιβή; cf. Līber, delibutus, etc., to take a little from any thing. Lit. In gen.: libare gramina dentibus,
,id. ib. 12, 174: sepulcrum mei Tlepolemi tuo luminum cruore libabo,App. M. 8, p. 206 fin.To pour out or forth: rorem in tempora nati,Val. Fl. 4, 15.To pour out as an offering, to offer, dedicate, consecrate: certasque fruges certasque bacas sacerdotes publice libanto,Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 19: diis dapes,Liv. 39, 43: uvam,Tib. 1, 11, 21: frugem Cereri,Ov. M. 8, 274: noluit bibere, sed libavit eam (aquam) Domino,Vulg. 2 Reg. 23, 16. Absol., to offer libations: libant diis alienis,Vulg. Jer. 7, 18: Domino,id. 2 Reg. 23, 16: cum solemni die Jovi libaretur,Gell. 12, 8, 2. So poet.: carmen aris,Prop. 4 (5), 6, 8.Celso lacrimas libamus adempto,Ov. P. 1, 9, 41.To lessen, diminish, impair by taking away: ergo terra tibi libatur et aucta recrescit,Lucr. 5, 260; id. 5, 568: virginitatem,Ov. H. 2, 115: vires,Liv. 21, 29.Trop., to take out, cull, extract from any thing (rare but class.): ex variis ingeniis excellentissima quaeque libavimus,Cic. Inv. 2, 2, 4; cf. id. Tusc. 5, 29, 82: qui tuo nomini velis ex aliorum laboribus libare laudem,Auct. Her. 4, 3, 5: libandus est etiam ex omni genere urbanitatis facetiarum quidem lepos,Cic. de Or. 1, 34, 159: a qua (natura deorum) haustos animos et libatos habemus,id. Div. 1, 49, 110: unde (i. e. ex divinitate) omnes animos haustos, aut acceptos, aut libatos haberemus,id. ib. 2, 11, 26: neque ea, ut sua, possedisse, sed ut aliena libāsse. id. de Or. 1, 50, 218.To learn something of, acquire superficially: sed eum (informamus) qui quasdam artes haurire, omnes libare debet,Tac. Dial. 31 fin.
libonotus lĭbŏnŏtus or -tos, i, m., = λιβόνοτος, a wind between south and south-west, pure Lat. austro-africus, Vitr. 1, 6, 10; Sen. Q. N. 5, 16, 6 Fick. (dub.; Haase, leuconotus); Plin. 2, 47, 46, § 120; Isid. 13, 11, 7.
libra lībra, ae, f.cf. λίτρα; root cli-, clino, the Roman pound, of twelve ounces: as erat libra pondus,Varr. L. L. 5, § 169 Müll.: coronam auream libram pondo ex publica pecunia in Capitolio Iovi donum posuit,Liv. 4, 20: mulli binas libras ponderis raro exsuperant,Plin. 9, 17, 30, § 64: expende Hannibalem, quot libras in duce summo invenies?Juv. 10, 147: neque argenti in convivio plus pondo quam libras centum inlaturos,Gell. 2, 24, 2: dipondii pondo duas erant libras,Gai. Inst. 1, 122.Transf.A measure for liquids: frumenti denos modios et totidem olei libras,Suet. Caes. 38.A balance, pair of scales: cum in alteram librae lancem animi bona imponebat, in alteram corporis, etc.,Cic. Tusc. 5, 17, 51; cf. id. Fin. 5, 30, 91.A water-poise, plummet-level, level, line: sin autem locus ... pari libra cum aequore maris est,Col. 8, 17, 4: libratur autem dioptris aut libris aquariis aut chorobate, Vitr. 8, 6, 1. Hence, ad libram: alteram navem pluribus aggressus navibus in quibus ad libram fecerat turres, of equal height or of equal weight, Caes. B. C. 3, 40, 1.Counterpoise, balance: contra flatus quoque pervicax libra Bononiensibus calamis,Plin. 16, 36, 65, § 161: aes et libra, v. aes. The constellation Libra, The Balance, Verg. G. 1, 208; Ov. F. 4, 386; Plin. 18, 25, 59, § 221: felix aequato genitus sub pondere Librae,Manil. 4, 545.Trop., a balance (poet.), Pers. 4, 10: animi cunctantis libra,Claud. Laud. Stil. 1, 75.
libramentum lībrāmentum, i, n.id., that which gives to any thing a downward pressure; weight, gravity. Lit.: plumbi,Liv. 42, 63, 4.A fall, descent of water: libramentum aquae,Plin. 31, 6, 31, § 57: quod libramentum cum exinanitum est, suscitat et elicit fontem, cum repletum, moratur et strangulat, of a spring that alternately rises and falls,Plin. Ep. 4, 30, 10: inferiore labro demisso ad libramentum modicae aquae receptae in fauces, palpitante ibi lingua ululatus elicitur, of the croaking of frogs,Plin. 11, 37, 65, § 173.Transf.A level surface, horizontal plane: extremitatem et quasi libramentum, in quo nulla omnino crassitudo sit, * Cic. Ac. 2, 36, 116: sub eodem libramento stare,Sen. Q. N. 1, 12, 1: usque ad libramentum summi fornicis, Ael. Gall. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 206 Müll.Evenness, equality: ventorum hiemalium et aestivorum,Col. 1, 5, 8A straight line: si recto libramento inter solem terrasque media (luna) successit,Sen. Ben. 5, 6, 4: libramentum finale,
a boundary line
,Amm. 15, 4, 4.A weight for balancing or giving motive power (ballista): ferrea manus cum injecta prorae esset, gravique libramento plumbi recelleret ad solum,Liv. 24, 34, 10: arietem admotum nunc saxis ingentibus nunc libramento plumbi gravatum ad terram urguebant,id. 42, 63, 4 Weissenb.: late cladem intulisset, ni duo milites vincla ac libramenta tormento abscidissent,Tac. H. 3, 23.
libraria lĭbrārĭa, ae, f., v. 1. librarius, II., and 2. librarius, II. B.
librarius lībrārĭus, a, um, adj.libra. Of or containing a pound, of a pound weight (post-Aug.): frusta,Col. 12, 53, 4: as,Gell. 20, 1, 31.Subst.lībrārĭus, ii, m., a weight, the sixteenth part of a modius, = sextarius: sextarius aequus aequo cum librario siet, sexdecimque librarii in modio sient, Plebisc. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 246 Müll.lībrārĭa, ae, f., she that weighed out the wool to the female slaves, a forewoman, head-spinner, called also lanipendia, Juv. 6, 475 (by others referred to 2. librarius); Inscr. Orell. 4212.
librarius lĭbrārĭus, a, um, adj.3. liber, of or belonging to books: scriba librarius,
,Plin. 27, 7, 28, § 52. Hence, Subst.lĭ-brārĭus, i, m.A transcriber of books, a copyist, scribe, secretary, Cic. Agr. 2, 5, 13: librum ut tuis librariis daret,id. Att. 12, 40, 1: librarii mendum,Liv. 38, 55, 8: legionis, the secretary of the legion, Inscr. ap. Grut. 365, 1; cf. Sen. Contr. 1, 7, 18; Juv. 9, 109.A bookseller, Sen. Ben. 7, 6, 1; Gell. 5, 4, 2; 18, 4, 1; Sulp. Sev. Dial. 1, 23, 4. (Sc. doctor.) An elementary teacher, Hier. Ep. 107, 4.lĭbrārĭa, ae, f.A female scribe: (Parcae) utpote librariae Superum archivumque custodes,Mart. Cap. 1, § 65 (perh. also Juv. 6, 476; cf. sub 1. librarius).A bookseller's shop; in libraria, ego et Julius Paulus poëta consederamus, Gell. 5, 4, 1: quispiam in libraria sedens,id. 13, 30, 1.lĭbrārĭum, ii, n., a place to keep books in, a bookcase, bookchest: exhibe librarium illud legum vestrarum,Cic. Mil. 12, 33: libraria omnia exurerent,Amm. 29, 2, 4.
librate lībrātē, adv., v. libro, P. a. fin.
libratio lībrātĭo, ōnis, f.libro. A making level, levelling: fortasse qui Archimedis libros legit, dicet non posse fieri veram ex aqua librationem,Vitr. 8, 6, 3.A horizontal position, level: circa terrae librationem,Vitr. 6, 1, 5.A hurling off, hurling, slinging, Diom. p. 473 P.
librator lībrātor, ōris, m.id.. A leveller, esp. by means of a water-level, a surveyor, Cato, R. R. 22, 1; Front. Aquaed. 105: superest ut tu libratorem vel architectum mittas, qui diligenter exploret, sitne lacus altior mari,Plin. Ep. 10, 50, 3.One who throws or hurls weapons by hand (cf. funditor, a slinger): funditores libratoresque excutere tela et proturbare hostem jubet,Tac. A. 2, 20: libratoribus funditoribusque attributus locus,id. ib. 13, 39; Inscr. ap. Kellerm. Vigil. p. 55, n. 127.
libratura lībrātūra, ae, f.libro, a making even: cutis,Veg. 2, 22, 3.
libratus lībrātus, a, um, Part. and P. a., from libro.
libriger lĭbrĭger, gĕri, m.4. liber-gero, one who carries books, a book-carrier, colporteur, Paul. Nol. Ep. 28, 4.
librile lībrīle, is, v.the foll. art.
librilis lībrīlis, e, adj.libra. Of a pound, weighing a pound: tunica,Vop. Bonos. 15, 8: fundis librilibus sudibusque, Gallos proterrent,
throwing stones of a pound each
,Caes. B. G. 7, 81, 4.Of or pertaining to weighing. Hence, subst.: lībrīle, is, n.A balance, pair of scales: in librili perpendere,Gell. 20, 1, 34.A scale-beam: librile scapus librae, Paul. ex Fest. p. 116 Müll.
librilla librillaappellantur instrumenta bellica saxa scilicet ad bracchii crassitudinem in modum flagellorum loris revincta, Paul. ex Fest. p. 116 Müll. (Scalig. prefers to read ‡ librilia; v. librilis, I.).
libripens lībrĭpens, pendis, m.libra-pendo. One who weighed or counted out the pay to soldiers, a paymaster, Plin. 33, 3, 13, § 43: impubes libripens esse non potest, Ael. ap. Prisc. 892 P.One who held the balance, as if to weigh out money, at nominal sales: adhibitis non minus quam V. testibus civibus Romanis puberibus, item libripende,Gai. Inst. 1, § 113; Ulp. Fragm. 19, 3; cf. Plin. 33, 3, 13, § 43.
libro lībro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.libra. To balance, make even, level, to determine a level: aquam, to level water, i. e. to ascertain the fall of water by means of a level, Vitr. 8, 6, 3: collocationem libratam indicare, id 8, 6, 1. Pass. impers.: libratur autem dioptris,Vitr. 8, 6, 1.Transf., to make even or level: pavimenta,Cato, R. R. 18, 7.To hold in equilibrium, to poise, balance: terra librata ponderibus,Cic. Tusc. 5, 24, 69: columnarum turbines ita librati perpenderunt, ut puero circumagente tornarentur,Plin. 36, 13, 19, § 91: librati pondera caeli orbe tene medio,Luc. 1, 58.To cause to hang or swing, to keep suspended, keep in its place: vela cadunt primo et dubia librantur ab aura,
are waved to and fro
,Ov. F. 3, 585: et fluctus supra, vento librante, pependit,Sil. 17, 274: aëris vi suspensam librari medio spatio tellurem,Plin. 2, 5, 4, § 10.To cause to swing, to swing, sway, brandish, set in motion, hurl, dash, cast, launch, fling, throw: summā telum librabat ab aure,Verg. A. 9, 417: ferro praefixum robur,id. ib. 10, 479: caestus,id. ib. 5, 478: tum librat ab aure intorquens jaculum,Sil. 5, 576: dextra libratum fulmen ab aure misit,Ov. M. 2, 311; 5, 624; 7, 787; Luc. 3, 433: librata cum sederit glans,Liv. 38, 29: librare se, to balance or poise one's self, to fly: cursum in aëre,Ov. Am. 2, 6, 11: saepe lapillos Tollunt; his sese per inania nubila librant,Verg. G. 4, 196: haliaeetos librans ex alto sese,Plin. 10, 3, 3, § 8: corpus in herba,
,Sen. Oed. 899.Trop.To make of even weight, to balance, make equal (poet.): orbem horis,Col. 10, 42: crimina in antithetis,Pers. 1, 85.To weigh, ponder, consider (poet. and in post-class. prose): librabat metus,Stat. Th. 9, 165: quae omnia meritorum momenta perpendit, librat, examinat, Naz. Pan. ad Const. 7: praescriptiones, Cod. Th. 8, 4, 26. Hence, lībrātus, a, um, P. a.Level, horizontal: aquam non esse libratam, sed sphaeroides habere schema,Vitr. 8, 6.Poised, balanced, swung, hurled, launched; forcible, powerful: librata cum sederit (glans),Liv. 38, 29: librato magis et certo ictu,
violent, powerful
,Tac. H. 2, 22: malleus dextra libratus ab aure,Ov. M. 2, 624: per nubes aquila librata volatu,Sil. 15, 429. Comp.: libratior ictus,Liv. 30, 10; cf. id. 42, 65. Hence, * adv.: lībrātē, deliberately: aliquid eligere,Serv. Verg. A. 2, 713.
Libs Libs (Lips), ĭbis, adj., = Λίψ, Libyan; subst., a Libyan; of Antæus, Sid. Carm. 9, 94.The west-south-west wind: ab occasu brumali Africus: Noton et Liba nominant,Plin. 2, 47, 46, § 119: velivolique maris constrator leuconotos libs, Aus. Technopaegn. de Deis, 12. Form Lips: Africus furibundus apud Graecos Lips dicitur,Sen. Q. N. 5, 16, 5; cf. Suet. Fragm. § 151 (p. 231 Reiffersch.).
libum lībum (lībus, m., Nigid. ap. Non. 211, 31), i, n.libo; cf. Varr. L. L. 4, 22, a cake, pancake of meal, made with milk or oil, and spread with honey, Cato, R. R. 75: rustica liba,Ov. F. 3, 670: adorea liba per herbam Subiciunt epulis,Verg. A. 7, 109; Ov. F. 3, 761: plena domus libis venalibus,Juv. 3, 187. Often used in offerings to the gods: liba absoluta esse et rem divinam paratam,Varr. R. R. 2, 8, 1: suum Baccho dicemus honorem, ... et liba feremus,Verg. G. 2, 394; Tib. 1, 7, 54; 1, 10, 23; Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 10: melle pater (Bacchus) fruitur, liboque infusa calenti Jure repertori candida mella damus,Ov. F. 3, 761: haec te liba, Priape, quot annis Exspectare sat est,Verg. E. 7, 33. It was customary to offer a cake to the gods on one's birthday, Juv. 16, 38. Hence, quinquagesima liba,
a cake offered to the gods on one's fiftieth birthday
Liburni Lĭburni, ōrum, m., the Liburnians, an Illyrian people, between Istria and Dalmatia, in the mod. Croatia, Mel. 2, 3, 12 and 13; Liv. 10, 2: regna Liburnorum,Verg. A. 1, 244. In sing.: Lĭburnus, i, m., a Liburnian; esp., a Liburnian slave, such as were used in Rome as sedan-bearers, Juv. 3, 239; 4, 75. Hence, Lĭburnus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to the Liburnians, Liburnian: terrae,Luc. 8, 38: rostra,
,Mart. 2, 43, 9: Libycus campus in agro Argeo (i. e. Argivo) appellatus, quod in eo primum fruges ex Libya allatae sunt. Quam ob causam etiam Ceres ab Argeis Libyssa vocata est, Paul. ex Fest. p. 121 Müll. Plur. subst.: Lĭbyci, ōrum, m., the Libyans, Macr. S. 1, 17.Transf., African, Plaut. Cas. 3, 5, 16: mare Libycum,
,id. 9, 805.Lĭbys, yos and ys, and Libs, ĭbis, adj., = Λίβυς, Líbyan: Libys lectulus,
of citrus
,Verg. Cir. 440: mons,Stat. S. 4, 2, 27. Subst. Form Lĭbys, yos, m., a Libyan: Africam initio habuere Gaetuli et Libyes,Sall. J. 18 init.: Cancro (subditus) Libys,Sen. Herc. Oet. 24. Form Libs. A Libyan, Sid. Carm. 9, 94. = Africus (sc. ventus), the south-west wind (acc. Liba), Plin. 2, 47, 46, § 119.Lĭbyssus, a, um, adj., Libyan: Libyssa arena,Cat. 7, 3: gens,Sil. 8, 206: ficus,Col. 10, 418: Libyssa Ceres, a surname of Ceres among the Argives, Paul. ex Fest. p. 121 (v. the passage under Libycus).Lĭbystīnus, a, um, adj., = Λιβυστῖνος, Libyan: montes Libystini,Cat. 60, 1: Apollo,
a name given to Apollo by the Sicilians, because he had delivered them by a pestilence from an attack of the Carthaginians
,Macr. S. 1, 17.Lĭby-stis, ĭdis, f., = Λιβυστίς, Libyan: Libystis ursa,Verg. A. 5, 37.Lĭbyus, a, um, adj., Libyan: Libya citrus, Varr. ap. Non. 86, 10: terra,
Libyaegyptii Lĭby-aegyptĭi, ōrum, m., a people in the west of Libya interior, Mela, 1, 4, 3; Plin. 5, 8, 8, § 43 (al. Libyes Aegyptii).
Libyphoenices Lĭby-phoenīces, um, m., = Λιβυφοίνικες, Libyphœnicians: a Libyan people in the territory of Byzacium, descended from Phœnicians, Liv. 21, 22, 3; 25, 40, 5; Plin. 5, 4, 3, § 24.
Libysticae Lĭbystĭcae fābŭlae, v. Aesopicus.
licens lĭcens, entis, P. a., from licet.
licenter lĭcenter, adv., v. licet, P. a. fin.
licentia lĭcentĭa, ae, f.licet, freedom, liberty, leave to do as one pleases, license. In gen.: Dae. Licet ... licet ... licet. Tr. Hercules istum infelicet cum sua licentia, Plaut. Rud. 4, 6, 21: nobis nostra Academia magnam licentiam dat, ut, etc.,Cic. Off. 3, 4, 20: pueris non omnem ludendi licentiam damus,id. ib. 1, 29, 103: tantum licentiae dabat gloria,id. de Sen. 13, 44: absolvendi,Tac. A. 14, 49: lasciviendi permittere militibus,Suet. Caes. 67. In partic. Liberty which one assumes, boldness, presumption, license: homo ad scribendi licentiam liber,Cic. N. D. 1, 44, 123: a Democrito omnino haec licentia,id. ib. 1, 38, 107: per intercalandi licentiam,
,Suet. Gram. 11: militum,Nep. Eum. 8: indomitam Refrenare (licentiam),Hor. C. 3, 24, 29: licentiam coërcere,Tac. H. 1, 35: in libertatibus quoque dandis nimiam licentiam compescuit lex Fufia Caninia,Gai. Inst. 2, 228. Of inanimate things: magna gladiorum est licentia, the license of the sword is great, i. e. daring murders are prevalent, Cic. Fam. 4, 9, 12: immensa licentia ponti,Ov. M. 1, 309. Personified as a goddess: templum Licentiae (for Libertatis),Cic. Leg. 2, 17, 42; cf. Libertas.
licentiosus lĭcentĭōsus, a, um, adj.licentia, full of freedom or license, over-free, unbridled, unrestrained, wanton, licentious (post-Aug.): (ebor dicere) non minus est licentiosum, quam si sulfuri et gutturi subicerent in genitivo litteram o mediam, * Quint. 1, 6, 23: temeritas,App. M. 5, p. 165, 11. Comp.: conversatio cum viris licentiosior,Sen. Excerpt. Contr. 6, 8, § 5. Sup.: libidini licentiosissimum spatium praebere,Aug. adv. Pelag. 2, 7. Adv.: lĭcentĭōsē (late Lat. and rare), Aug. Gen. ad Lit. 8, 11.
Licentius Lĭcentĭus, ii, m., the name of a Christian poet, Paul. Nol. Epist. 47, 51.
liceo lĭcĕo, cŭi, cĭtum, 2, v. n.Sanscr. root rik-, riktas, empty; Gr. λιπ‐, λείπω, leave; Lat. lic-, linquo, licet, liceor; cf. Germ. leihen, verleihen, to be for sale; to have a price put upon it, to be valued, esteemed at so much. Lit. (rare but class.): omnia vaenibunt, quiqui licebunt, praesenti pecunia,Plaut. Men. 5, 9, 97: quanti licuisse tu scribis (hortos),
how much they were valued at
,Cic. Att. 12, 23, 5: unius assis Non umquam pretio pluris licuisse,Hor. S. 1, 6, 13. Transf., of the seller, to offer for sale, to fix the price, to value at so much (only post-Aug.): percontanti quanti liceret opera effecta, parvum nescio quid dixerat,
liceor lĭcĕor, lĭcĭtus, 2, v. dep. n. and a. [root lic-; v. 1. liceo], to bid on goods at an auction (class.). Absol.: licetur Aebutius,Cic. Caecin. 6, 16: liciti sunt usque adeo, quoad, etc.,Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 33, § 77: digito liceri (because, in bidding, the finger was raised),id. ib. 2, 3, 11, § 27: omnia Aeduorum vectigalia parvo pretio redemta habere, propterea, quod illo licente, contra liceri audeat nemo,
to bid against
,Caes. B. C. 1, 18: immoderatius liceri,Suet. Caes. 20: nec licendi finem factum,id. Calig. 38.Act., to bid for, make an offer for. With acc.: heredes Scapulae si istos hortos liceri cogitant,
to bid on the gardens
,Cic. Att. 12, 38, 4; so, hortos liceri,Plin. Pan. 50: et centum Graecos curto centusse licetur,Pers. 5, 191. Trop., to appraise, estimate, value: tunc avidi matronam oculi licentur,
appraise her, reckon at what price she can be robbed of her honor
Licerianus Lĭcerĭānus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to the city of Licerium (in Aquitania), Licerian: pira,Plin. 15, 15, 16, § 54.
licet lĭcet, cŭit and cĭtum est, 2 (old form, licessit for licuerit, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 13; imp. liceto, Lex ap. Inscr. Grut. 202, 508 al.), v. n. and impers. [root lic-; Gr. λιπ‐; v. 1. liceo], it is lawful, it is allowed or permitted; one may or can, one is at liberty to do so and so; constr. with neutr. of the demonstr. or rel. pron., with inf. or a subject-clause, with or without a dat., or dat. and inf., with ut or (more freq.) with the simple subj., or entirely absol. With neutr. of the demonstr. or rel. pron. as a subject, with or without a dat.: licere id dicimus, quod legibus, quod more majorum institutisque conceditur. Neque enim quod quisque potest, id ei licet,Cic. Phil. 13, 6, 14: cui facile persuasi, mihi id, quod rogaret, ne licere quidem, non modo non lubere,id. Att. 14, 19, 4: quid deceat vos, non quantum liceat vobis, spectare debetis,id. Rab. Post. 5, 11; cf.: si hominibus tantum licere judicas, quantum possunt: vide, ne, etc.,id. Phil. 13, 7, 15: si illud non licet, Saltem hoc licebit,Ter. Eun. 4, 2, 12: neque idem ubique aut licet aut decorum est, Quint. 5, 10, 40: quod in foro non expedit, illic nec liceat,id. 9, 2, 67: sin et poterit Naevius id quod lubet et ei lubebit, quod non licet, quid agendum est?Cic. Quint. 30, 94: nihil, quod per leges liceret,id. Mil. 16, 43: cui tantum de te licuit?Verg. A. 6, 502; Anthol. Lat. 1, 172, 150: cui tantum fata licere In generum voluere tuum,Luc. 9, 1025; cf.: tantumque licere horruit,Sil. 14, 670. Rarely in plur.: cum in servum omnia liceant, est, etc.,Sen. Clem. 1, 18, 2. With inf. or a subject-clause, with or without a dat.: neque terram inicere, neque cruenta Convestire corpora mihi licuit, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2 (Trag. v. 168 Vahl.): licet nemini contra patriam ducere exercitum,Cic. Phil. 13, 6, 14: ut tibi id facere liceat,id. Rep. 1, 6, 10: M. Catoni licuit Tusculi se in otio delectare,id. ib. 1, 1, 1: sceleris crimine liceat Cn. Pompeio mortuo, liceat multis aliis carere,id. Lig. 6, 18; Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 3; Cic. Att. 2, 1, 5: quaerere, qui licuerit aedificare navem senatori,Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 18, § 45: meamet facta mihi dicere licet,Sall. J. 85, 24. Without a dat.: introire in aedes numquam licitum est,Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 70: impune optare istuc licet,Ter. Hec. 3, 5, 14: modo liceat vivere,id. Heaut. 5, 2, 28: licetne scire ex te?id. Hec. 5, 4, 33: hic subitam rerum commutationem videre licuit,Caes. B. C. 3, 27, 1; 3, 96, 4: si facere omnino non licebit,Cic. Phil. 13, 6, 14: licet ora ipsa cernere iratorum,id. Off. 1, 29, 102; cf. id. Div. 1, 41, 91: licet hoc videre,id. de Or. 3, 25, 99; id. Div. 1, 7, 13; id. Inv. 1, 15, 21; 2, 23, 71; 2, 9, 29: veretur ne non liceat tenere hereditatem,id. Att. 13, 48, 1: licetne extra ordinem in provocantem hostem pugnare?Liv. 23, 47, 1: poscere ut perculsis instare liceat,id. 2, 65, 2. With inf. pass. (cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 660 sq.): intellegi jam licet, nullum fore imperium,Cic. Rep. 1, 38, 60: idque e pontificio jure intellegi licet,id. Tusc. 1, 12, 27; cf.: his cognosci licuit, quantum, etc.,Caes. B. C. 3, 28; Cic. Off. 1, 7, 20: evocari ex insula Cyprios non licet,id. Att. 5, 21, 6: in senatu dici nihil liceat,id. ib. 3, 12, 1: coöptari sacerdotem licebat,id. Fam. 3, 10, 9: in eum ordinem coöptari licet,Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 49, § 120: id primum in poëtis cerni licet,id. de Or. 3, 7, 27; id. Ac. 1, 4, 17. The noun of the subject-clause is regularly in the acc.: licet me id scire quid sit?Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 14: non licet hominem esse, etc.,Ter. Heaut. 4, 1, 53: si licet me latere,id. ib. 4, 2, 5: hocine me miserum non licere meo modo ingenium frui!id. ib. 2, 4, 21; cf.: eodem ut jure uti senem Liceat, id. Hec. prol. alt. 3: non licet me isto tanto bono uti,Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 59, § 154: cum non liceret Romae quemquam esse, etc.,id. ib. 2, 2, 41, § 100: ex eis locis, in quibus te habere nihil licet,id. ib. 2, 5, 18, § 45: quare licet etiam mortalem esse animum judicantem aeterna moliri,id. Tusc. 1, 38, 91: cur his per te frui libertate sua, cur denique esse liberos non licet?id. Fl. 29, 71 B. and K. (al. liberis; v.infra). So with esse: liceat esse miseros,Cic. Lig. 6, 18; cf.: medios esse jam non licebit,id. Att. 10, 8, 4; id. Tusc. 5, 15, 44; 1, 38, 91 Klotz N. cr.; also with fieri: ut eum liceat ante tempus consulem fieri,Auct. Her. 3, 2, 2: ut jam liceat una comprehensione omnia complecti non dubitantemque dicere, etc.,Cic. Fin. 5, 9, 26: haec praescripta servantem licet magnifice vivere,id. Off. 1, 26, 92: licet tamen opera prodesse multis, beneficia petentem, etc.,id. ib. 2, 19, 67. So with acc. with a subject-inf., esse or fieri, even when licet is accompanied by the dat.: si civi Romano licet esse Gaditanum,Cic. Balb. 12, 29: potest incidere quaestio, An huic esse procuratorem liceat?Quint. 7, 1, 19: procuratorem tibi esse non licuit,id. 4, 4, 6 Zumpt N. cr.: mihi non licet esse piam,Ov. H. 14, 64: is erat annus, quo per leges ei consulem fieri liceret Caes. B. C. 3, 1 Oud. N. cr. But more freq., in this case, there is an attraction of the predicate-noun to the dative dependent on licet. Hence, Licet alicui with inf., esp. with esse: per hanc tibi cenam incenato esse hodie licet,Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 31: per hanc curam quieto tibi licet esse,id. Ep. 3, 2, 2: licuit esse otioso Themistocli,Cic. Tusc. 1, 15, 33; cf.: ut tibi abesse liceat, et esse otioso,id. Att. 9, 2, A, 1: quare judici mihi non esse liceat, id. Rab. Post. 7, 17: ut iis ingratis esse non liceat,id. Off. 2, 18, 63: quo in genere mihi neglegenti esse non licet,id. Att. 1, 17, 6: cur iis per te frui libertate sua, cur denique esse liberis non licet?id. Fl. 29, 71 (B. and K. liberos; v.supra): quibus otiosis ne in communi quidem otio liceat esse,id. Cael. 1, 1: quibus licet jam esse fortunatissimis,Caes. B. G. 6, 35, 8: illis timidis et ignavis licet esse,Liv. 21, 44, 3. With other verbs than esse: ut sibi per te liceat innocenti vitam in egestate degere,Cic. Rosc. Am. 49, 144: cum postulasset ... ut sibi triumphanti urbem invehi liceret,Liv. 38, 44 fin. Very rarely, in this construction, the dative with licet is wanting, and is to be supplied from the connection: atqui licet esse beatis (sc. iis),Hor. S. 1, 1, 19: licet eminus esse Fortibus,Ov. M. 8, 405: Hannibal precatur deos ut incolumi cedere atque abire liceat,Liv. 26, 41, 16: sibi vitam filiae suā cariorem fuisse, si liberae ac pudicae vivere licitum fuisset,id. 3, 50, 6. Cf. on this and the preced. construction, Krüger, Untersuchungen, vol. iii. p. 359 sq.; Ruddim. 2, p. 15; Zumpt, Gram. § 601; Madv. Gram. § 393, c. and obs. 1. With ut, and more freq. with the simple subj.: neque jam mihi licet neque est integrum, ut, etc.,Cic. Mur. 4, 8: facto nunc laedat licet,Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 53: mea quidem causa salvos sis licet,id. Rud. 1, 2, 51: ludas licet,Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 33: fremant omnes licet,Cic. de Or. 1, 44, 195: sed omnia licet concurrant,id. Att. 14, 4, 2: ex qua licet pauca degustes,id. ib. 1, 16, 8: vel ipsi hoc dicas licet,id. ib. 5, 1, 4: quamvis licet insectemur istos, metuo ne soli philosophi sint,id. Tusc. 4, 24, 53; cf. id. Leg. 3, 10, 24; id. N. D. 3, 36, 88: sequatur Hermagoram licebit,id. Inv. 1, 51, 97; id. Rosc. Am. 17, 49: sis pecore et multa dives tellure licebit,Hor. Epod. 15, 19: detrahat auctori multum fortuna licebit,Ov. Tr. 5, 14, 3; Verg. A. 6, 400. Cf. also under II. a. (ε) As a v. impers. absol., with or without dat.: immo, aliis si licet, tibi non licet,Ter. Heaut. 4, 15, 49: cum licitum est ei,id. And. 2, 6, 12: nec crederem mihi impunius Licere,id. Heaut. 3, 2, 50: quod profecto faciam, si mihi per ejusdem amicitiam licebit,Cic. Fam. 1, 8, 3: Ph. Sed quaeso, hominem ut jubeas arcessi. He. Licet, that may be or may be done, I have no objection, Plaut. Capt. 5, 1, 29: si per vos licet,id. As. prol. 12: id quod postea, si per vos, judices, licitum erit, aperietur,Cic. Rosc. Am. 44, 127: dum per aetatem licet,Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 28: fruare, dum licet,id. Heaut. 2, 3, 104; cf.: dum licet, loquimini mecum,id. Phorm. 3, 3, 16: sic ut quimus, aiunt, quando, ut volumus, non licet,id. And. 4, 5, 10: ut id, quoad posset, quod fas esset, quoad liceret, populi ad partes daret,Cic. Agr. 2, 7, 19.Transf. When licet introduces a subordinate proposition, which makes a concession, without abandoning the main proposition, it is used as a conjunction corresponding to quamvis, quamquam, etsi. In late Latin it is, like these, connected with the indicative, and in the class. per. it is not unfreq. opposed to tamen and certe in the main proposition; even if, although, notwithstanding. With subj. (class.): quoniam quidem semel suscepi, licet hercules undique omnes mihi minae et terrores periculaque impendeant omnia, succurram atque subibo,Cic. Rosc. Am. 11, 31: improbitas, licet adversario molesta sit, judici invisa est,Quint. 6, 4, 15: in comoedia maxime claudamus: licet Varro Musas Plautino dicat sermone locuturas fuisse, si Latine loqui vellent; licet, etc.,id. 10, 1, 99: vita brevis est, licet supra mille annos exeat,Sen. Brev. Vit. 6: licet ingens janitor ... exsanguis terreat umbras,Verg. A. 6, 400. With part. for subj.: isque, licet caeli regione remotos, mente deos adiit,Ov. M. 15, 62. With a corresp. tamen: licet laudem Fortunam, tamen, ut ne Salutem culpem,Plaut. As. 3, 3, 28: licet saepius tibi hujus generis litteras mittam ... sed tamen, etc.,Cic. Fam. 13, 27, 1: licet tibi significarim, ut ad me venires, tamen, etc.,id. Att. 3, 12, 3; Quint. 2, 2, 8; 8, 3, 69: licet ergo non sint confirmati testamento, a me tamen, ut confirmati, observabuntur,Plin. Ep. 2, 16, 3; Quint. 7 praef. § 2: constet illi licet fides et benevolentia, tranquillitas tamen, etc., Sen. Tranq. Anim. 7, 6. With ellips. of subj.: immatura licet, tamen huc non noxia veni (sc. venias),Prop. 5, 11, 17. With a corresp. certe: licet enim haec quivis arbitratu suo reprehendat ... certe levior reprehensio est,Cic. Ac. 2, 32, 102. With indic. (post-class.): licet inter gesta et facta videtur quaedam esse subtilis differentia, attamen, etc.,Dig. 50, 16, 58; 2, 15, 8, § 25: licet directae libertates deficiunt, attamen, etc.,ib. 29, 7, 2: obduxi licet arma, sum Priapus, Poëta ap. Anth. Lat. 5, 218; Macr. S. 1, 11; App. M. 2, p. 117, 25. As an adv. with adj. or part., although (post-class.): licet contumacissimum, tamen efficacissimum, etc.,Sen. Cons. ad Marc. 8, 1: miles, licet membris vigentibus firmus, se solum circumspicit,Amm. 14, 10, 12; 17, 12, 11; Claud. Mam. Paneg. Max. 1. Hence, lĭcens, entis, P. a., free, unrestrained, uncurbed, bold, forward, presumptuous, licentious. Of persons (only poet. and in post-class. prose): quam audaces et quam licentes sumus qui, etc.,Gell. 15, 9, 4: unde licens Fabius sacra Lupercus habet,Prop. 4, 1, 26: turba licens, Naides improbae,Sen. Hippol. 777. Of inanim. and abstr. things (once in Cic.; elsewh. only poet. and in post-Aug. prose): licentior dithyrambus,Cic. de Or. 3, 48, 185: hic tibi multa licet sermone licentia tecto Dicere,Ov. A. A. 1, 569: joci,Stat. S. 1, 6, 93: licentior epistula, Plin. N. H. prooem. § 1: imperium,Val. Max. 6, 4, 2: vita,id. 9, 1, 3. Hence, adv.: lĭcenter, freely, according to one's own pleasure or fancy; and, in a bad sense, without restraint, boldly, impudently, licentiously (class.): at quam licenter!Cic. N. D. 1, 39, 109: ut ingredi libere, non ut licenter videatur errare,id. Or. 23, 77: Graeci licenter multa,Quint. 1, 8, 6: aliquid facere,Liv. 26, 10. Comp.: (servos) licentius, liberius, familiarius cum domina vivere,Cic. Cael. 23, 57: Romanos, remoto metu, laxius licentiusque futuros,
more remiss in their discipline
,Sall. J. 87 fin.: gerere res communes,id. ib. 108: ausi aliquid,Quint. 2, 4, 14: si quid licentius dixerint,id. 1, 2, 7: translata,id. 8, 3, 37; 12, 10, 50: Liberum et Cererem pro vino et pane licentius, quam ut fori severitas ferat,id. 8, 6, 24; Tac. A. 6, 13.lĭcĭtus, a, um, P. a., permitted, allowed, allowable, lawful (poet. and post-Aug. for permissus, honestus): sermo,Verg. A. 8, 468: torus,Petr. 34, 8: acies,Stat. Th. 11, 123: negotiatio,Dig. 37, 14, 2: contractus,ib. 50, 14, 3. In plur. as subst.: lĭcĭta, ōrum, n., things that are lawful: ipse per licita atque illicita foedatus,Tac. A. 15, 37. Hence, adv., in two forms: lĭcĭtē and lĭcĭtō, rightfully, lawfully (post-class. for juste, honeste, legitime). Form licite, Dig. 30, 114, § 5. Form licito,Sol. 11, 8; Cod. Th. 11, 8, 3.
lichanos lĭchănos, i, m., = λίχανος, a note on the tetrachord, Vitr. 5, 4, 5.
Lichas Lĭchas, ae, m., = Λίχας, an attendant of Hercules, who brought to him the poisoned garment of Dejanira, Ov. M. 9, 155; 211; 229; Hyg. Fab. 36.
liciatorium līcĭātōrĭum, ii. n.licium, a weaver's beam (late Lat.): liciatorium texentium,Vulg. 1 Reg. 17, 7 al.
liciatus līcĭātus, a, um, adj.licium; laid, leashed, like a web; hence, trop., begun, commenced (late Lat.): ut ita dicam liciatum videtur, quod nondum est, Aug. Civ. Dei, 22, 14; id. Gen. ad Litt. 3, 14.
Licinianus Lĭcĭnĭānus, a, um, v. Licinius, II. B.
licinio līcĭnĭo, āre, 1, v. a.licium, to show through, disclose, of a thin texture: membrorum voluptatem,App. M. 10, p. 254, 11.
licinium līcĭnĭum, ii, n.id., lint for dressing wounds (late Lat.), Veg. Vet. 2, 22, 2; 2, 48, 6.
Licinius Lĭcĭnĭus, a, name of a Roman gens. The tribune C. Licinius Crassus, Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 9; Cic. Lael. 25, 96.The triumvir M. Licinius Crassus, Cic. Div. 2, 9, 22; Ov. F. 6, 465. L. Licinius Crassus, the famous orator, Cic. de Or. 3, 20, 74; Tac. Dial. 34. In fem.: Lĭcĭnĭa, ae, a daughter of the orator L. Licinius Crassus, Cic. Brut. 58, 211. Also, a vestal, Cic. Brut. 43, 160. Hence, Lĭcĭnĭus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to a Licinius, Licinian: lex, of various kinds, esp. the lex de sodaliciis,Cic. Planc. 15, 36; cf. the Index legum, Orell. Cic. Opera, vol. viii. p. 199 sq.: lex Licinia et Mucia de civibus redigundis,Cic. Cornel. Fragm. 10, vol. xi. p. 11 B. and K.: lex de modo agrorum,Liv. 34, 4; cf. Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 9 al.: atria, named after L. Licinius Crassus,
the lands distributed to the plebeians by C. Licinius Stolo
,Col. 1, 3, 10; id. Arb. 17.Lĭcĭ-nĭāni, ōrum, m., a surname of the sons and descendants of Cato the Censor, by his first wife, Licinia; to distinguish them from those by the second, who where called Salonii or Saloniani,Plin. 7, 14, 12, § 62.
licinus lĭcĭnus, a, um, adj., bent or turned upward: Licini boves (i. e. qui sursum versum reflexa cornua habent), Serv. and Philarg. on Verg. G. 3, 55.
Licinus Lĭcĭnus, i, m., a surname in the gens Fabia and Porcia. Also, the name of a barber and freedman of Augustus, celebrated for his wealth, Hor. A. P. 301; Mart. 8, 3, 6; Varr. Atac. in Anth. Lat. T. 1, p. 205. Plur.: ego possideo plus Pallante et Licinis,Juv. 1, 109.
licitatio lĭcĭtātĭo, ōnis, f.licitor, an offering of a price, a bidding for any thing, at sales and auctions: exquisitis palam pretiis et licitationibus factis,Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 53, § 133; id. Att. 11, 15, 4: praedam ad licitationem dividere,
licitor lĭcĭtor, ātus, 1, v. dep.liceor, to offer a price, to bid for any thing (ante- and postclass.). Lit.: ut ne licitare advorsum animi mei sententiam,Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 104.Transf., to contend, fight: licitati in mercando sive pugnando contendentes, Paul. ex Fest. p. 116 Müll.: inter se licitantur, Enn. ap. Non. 134, 14 (Ann. v. 77 Vahl.): licitari machaerā adversum aliquem, Caecil. ap. Non. 134, 16 (Com. Fragm. v. 69 Rib.).
licitus lĭcĭtus, a, um, v. licet fin. B.
licium līcium, ĭi, n., the thrum or leash, the ends of a web to which those of the new piece are fastened. Lit.: licia telae Addere,i. e.
to weave
,Verg. G. 1, 285: adnectit licia telis,Tib. 1, 6, 79: plurimis liciis texere, quae polymita appellant, Alexandria instituit,Plin. 8, 48, 74, § 196.Transf.A thread of the web: per licia texta querelas Edidit et tacitis mandavit crimina telis,Aus. Ep. 23, 14.A thread of any thing woven: licia dependent longas velantia sepes,Ov. F. 3, 267: cinerem fici cum aluta inligatum licio e collo suspendere,Plin. 23, 7, 63, § 125. Often used in charms and spells: tum cantata ligat cum fusco licia rhombo,Ov. F. 2, 575: terna tibi haec primum triplici diversa colore Licia circumdo,Verg. E. 8, 73; Plin. 28, 4, 12, § 48. As an ornament for the head, worn by women: licia crinibus addunt, Prud. ap. Symm. 2, 1104.A small girdle or belt around the abdomen; so in the law phrase: per lancem et licium furta concipere, i. e. to search in a house for stolen property; this was done per licium, with which the person making the search was covered, and per lancem, which he held before his face, in order not to be recognized by the women. This lanx was perforated. He was clothed with a licium instead of his usual garments, that he might not be suspected of having brought in his clothes that which he might find and recognize as stolen property, Gell. 11, 18, 9; 16, 10; v. lanx.
lictor lictor (pronounced līctor, Gell. 12, 3, 4), ōris, m.1. ligo; cf. Gell. 12, 3, 1 sqq., a lictor, i. e. an attendant granted to a magistrate, as a sign of official dignity. The Romans adopted this custom from the Etrurians: Romulus cum cetero habitu se augustiorem tum maxime lictoribus duodecim sumptis (a finitima Etruria) fecit,Liv. 1, 8. The lictors bore a bundle of rods, from which an axe projected. Their duty was to walk before the magistrate in a line, one after the other; to call out to the people to make way (submovere turbam); and to remind them of paying their respects to him (animadvertere, v. h. v.). The foremost one was called primus lictor: apud quem primus quievit lictor,Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 7, § 21; the last and nearest to the consul, proximus lictor,Liv. 24, 44 fin. The lictors had also to execute sentences of judgment, to bind criminals to a stake, to scourge them, and to behead them, Liv. 1, 26; 8, 7; 38; 26, 16. It was necessary that lictors should be freeborn: not till the time of Tacitus were freedmen also appointed to the office. They were united into a company, and formed the decuriae apparitorum (public servants). In Rome they wore the toga, in the field the sagum, in triumphal processions a purple mantle and fasces wreathed with laurel: togulae lictoribus ad portam praesto fuerunt, quibus illi acceptis, sagula rejecerunt et catervam imperatori suo novam praebuerunt,Cic. Pis. 23, 55. Only those magistrates who had potestatem cum imperio had lictors. In the earliest times the king had twelve; immediately after the expulsion of the kings, each of the two consuls had twelve; but it was soon decreed that the consuls should be preceded for a month alternately by twelve lictors,Liv. 2, 1; a regulation which appears to have been afterwards, although not always, observed,Liv. 22, 41; Cæsar was the first who restored the old custom,Suet. Caes. 20. The decemvirs had, in their first year of office, twelve lictors each one day alternately, Liv. 3, 33; in their second year each had twelve lictors to himself,id. 3, 36. The military tribunes with consular power had also twelve lictors,Liv. 4, 7; and likewise the interrex,id. 1, 17. The dictator had twenty-four, Dio, 54, 1; Polyb. 3, 87; Plut. Fab. 4; the magister equitum only six, Dio, 42, 27. The praetor urbanus had, in the earlier times, two lictors,Censor. de Die Natal. 24: at enim unum a praetura tua, Epidice, abest. Ep. Quidnam? Th. Scies. Lictores duo, duo viminei fasces virgarum, Plaut. Ep. 1, 1, 26; in the provinces he had six; but in the later times the praetor had in the city, as well as in the province, six lictors, Polyb. 3, 40: cum praetor lictorem impellat et ire praecipitem jubeat,Juv. 3, 128. The quaestor had lictors only in the province, when he, in consequence of the praetor's absence or death, performed the functions of propraetor, Sall. C. 19; Cic. Planc. 41, 98. Moreover, the flamen dialis, the vestals, and the magistri vicorum had lictors; these, however, appear to have had no fasces, which was also the case with the thirty lictores curiati (who summoned the curiae to vote),Cic. Agr. 2, 12, 81; Gell. 15, 27, 2; Inscr. Grut. 33, 4; 630, 9.Transf.: lictorem feminae in publico unionem esse,
lictorius lictōrĭus, a, um, adj.lictor, of or belonging to a lictor (post-class.): virga lictoria,Flor. 1, 26, 3: DECVRIA LICTORIA,Inscr. Orell. 2676: fasces,Aur. Vict. Vir. Ill. 20, 1.
Licus Lĭcus, i, m., a river in Vindelicia, a tributary of the Danube, now the Lech, Ven. Vit. S. Mart. 4, 641.
lien lĭēn, ēnis, and liēnis, is, m. (gen. plur. lienum, Plin. 23, 7, 63, § 121) [for plien; Sanscr. plīhan; Gr. σπλήν], the milt or spleen. Lit.: lienes turgent, Cato. R. R. 157: seditionem facit lien (of a stitch in the side),Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 14: jam quasi sona liene cinctus ambulo,id. Curc. 2, 1, 6: equisetum lienes cursorum exstinguit,Plin. 26, 13, 83, § 132: at lienis, ubi affectus est, intumescit,Cels. 4, 9: lienis bubulus,id. ib.: lienem coërcere,id. ib.: extenuare,id. ib.: consumere,Plin. 26, 8, 48, § 76.Transf., of the fiscus: (Trajanus) fiscum lienem vocavit, quod eo crescente artus reliqui tabescunt,Aur. Vict. Epit. 42 fin.
ligamentum lĭgāmentum, i, n.id., a band, tie, bandage (post - Aug.): aurium ligamenta,Quint. 11, 3, 144: vulneribus ligamenta parare,Tac. A. 15, 54.
Ligarius Lĭgārĭus, a, name of a Roman gens. So, Q. Ligarius, whom Cicero defended in an oration still extant, Quint. 11, 1, 80; Auct. B. Afr. 64, 1; Cic. Lig. 1, 1. Hence, Lĭgārĭānus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Ligarius, Ligarian: oratio Ligariana,Cic. Att. 13, 44, 3; or absol.: Lĭ-gārĭāna, ae, f., Cicero's oration for Ligarius, Cic. Att. 13, 19, 2. Also plur.: Lĭ-gārĭāna, ōrum, n., the same, Cic. Att. 13, 12, 2.
ligatura lĭgātūra, ae, f.id., a band, ligature (post-class.). Lit.: ligatura in vitibus,Pall. 1, 6, 11. In partic., an amulet (bound about one), Aug. in Joann. 7; cf. Isid. Orig. 8, 9.A bunch, cluster: duas ligaturas uvae passae,Vulg. 1 Reg. 30, 12. Transf., a twisting or twining of the body in wrestling: ligaturis corporis certant,Ambros. Enarrat. in Psa. 36, § 55.
Ligauni Lĭgauni, ōrum, m., a people of Gallia Narbonensis, Sil. 4, 206.
Ligdus Lĭgdus (Lygdus), i, m., a Cretan, the husband of Telethusa, and father of Iphis, who, on the day of her wedding, was turned into a man, Ov. M. 9, 669, 683.
Ligea Lĭgēa, ae, f., = Λίγεια (clear-voiced). A wood-nymph, dryad, Verg. G. 4, 336.An island opposite the Bruttian town Tempsa, Sol. 2.
Ligella Lĭgella, ae, f., the name of a woman, Mart. 10, 90.
Liger Lĭger, ĕris, m., a river forming the boundary between Gallia Lugdunensis and Aquitania, now the Loire: quod Liger ex nivibus creverat,Caes. B. G. 7, 55, 10; Tib. 1, 7, 12: cum ad flumen Ligerim venissent,Caes. B. G. 7, 5, 4: Caesar Ligere interclusus,id. ib. 7, 59: in flumine Ligeri,id. ib. 3, 9. Hence, ‡ Lĭgerĭcus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to the Liger, Ligerian, Inscr. ap. Grut. 472, 1.
Ligii Ligii (Lygii), ōrum, m., a Germanic people on the Weser, Tac. G. 43; id. A. 12, 29; 30.
lignarius lignārĭus, a, um, adj.lignum, of or belonging to wood, wood-: negotiatio,
,Vulg. Isa. 44, 13.Subst.: lignārĭus, i, m.A worker in wood, a carpenter, joiner, Pall. 1, 6, 2. Perh. hence, Inter lignarios, a place in Rome before the Porta Trigemina, perh. Joiners'-street, Timber-street, Liv. 35, 41 fin. (acc. to others, timber-market).A slave whose office it was to carry wood (to a temple), a wood-carrier: Josue Gabionitas in aquarios lignariosque damnavit,Hier. Ep. 108, 8.A wood-cutter, woodman: lignarius ξυλοκόπος, ὁ κόπτων ξύλα, Gloss. Lat. Gr.
lignatio lignātĭo, ōnis, f.lignor, a felling or procuring of wood. Lit.: qui lignationis munitionisque causā in silvas discessissent,Caes. B. G. 5, 38: quae maxime necessaria est ad cibum excoquendum,Vitr. 5, 9 fin.Transf., concr., a place where wood is cut, a place for procuring wood, Col. 1, 5, 1.
lignator lignātor, ōris, m.id., a wood-cutter, one sent to get wood: oppressis lignatoribus,Caes. B. G. 5, 26: legio tertia, quae pabulatores et lignatores tueretur,Liv. 41, 1, 7.
ligneolus lignĕŏlus, a, um, adj. dim. [ligneus], wooden, of small objects: scuta, Lucil. ap. Prisc. 3 fin.: lychnuchus,Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 7: figurae, App. de Mundo, p. 70, 19.
lignum lignum, i, n.prob. root leg-, v. 2. lĕgo; that which is gathered, i. e. for firewood, wood (firewood. opp. to materia, timber for building, Dig. 32, 1, 55). Lit. (class. only in plur.): ligna neque fumosa erunt et ardebunt bene,Cato, R. R. 130: ligna et sarmenta circumdare, ignem subicere,Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 27, § 69: ignem ex lignis viridibus atque umidis fieri jussit,id. ib. 2, 1, 17, § 45: ligna super foco Large reponens,Hor. C. 1, 9, 5: ligna et virgas et carbones quibusdam videri esse in penu, Mas. Sab. ap. Gell. 4, 1, 22. Prov.: in silvam ligna ferre, i. e. to perform useless labor, or, as we say in English, to carry coals to Newcastle, Hor. S. 1, 10, 34: lignorum aliquid posce,Juv. 7, 24. In gen., timber, wood: hos lignum stabat in usus, Annosam si forte nucem dejecerat Eurus,i. e.
ligo lĭgo, ōnis, m., a mattock, grub-axe, hoe. Lit.: longis purgare ligonibus arva,Ov. P. 1, 8, 59: ligonibus duris humum Exhaurire,Hor. Epod. 5, 30: ligonibus Versare glebas,id. C. 3, 6, 38; Ov. Am. 3, 10, 31: centeno ligone domare arva,Mart. 4, 64, 32: fractus, so called from the bent form of the iron, Col. poët. 10, 88: erectum domito referens a monte ligonem,Juv. 11, 89.Poet.: defluit aetas Et pelagi patiens et cassidis atque ligonis,i. e.
ligula lĭgŭla and lingŭla (v. infra), ae, f.dim.from lingua: quamvis me ligulam dicant Equitesque Patresque, Dicor ab indoctis lingula grammaticis,Mart. 14, 120, a little tongue; hence, transf. A tongue of land: oppida posita in extremis lingulis promontoriisque,Caes. B. G. 3, 12.The tongue of a shoe, a shoe-strap, shoe-latchet: lingula per diminutionem linguae dicta; alias a similitudine linguae exsertae, ut in calceis, alias insertae, id est intra dentes coërcitae, ut in tibiis, Paul. ex Fest. p. 116 Müll.: habet Trebius, propter quod rumpere somnum debeat et ligulas dimittere,Juv. 5, 20; Mart. 2, 29, 7. As a term of reproach: ligula, i in malam crucem,Plaut. Poen. 5, 5, 30.A spoon or ladle for skimming a pot, a skimmer: isque (musteus fructus) saepius ligula purgandus est,Col. 9, 5 fin. For taking out and dropping aromatic essences: inde lingulis eligunt florem,Plin. 21, 14, 49, § 84. For preserves, Cato, R. R. 84. As a measure, a spoonful: duarum aut trium lingularum mensura,Plin. 20, 5, 18, § 36.A small sword, Naev. ap. Gell. 10, 25, 3; ct. Varr. L. L. 7, § 107 Müll.The tongue or reed of a flute, Plin. 16, 36, 66, § 171; cf. under II. the passage cited from Paul. ex Fest. p. 116 Müll. The pointed end of a post or stake, which was inserted into something, a tongue, tenon: lingulae edolatae,Col. 8, 11, 4.The short arm of a lever, which is placed under the weight to be raised: si sub onus vectis lingula subjecta fuerit,Vitr. 10, 8.The tongueshaped extremity of a water-pipe, by which it is fitted into another, Vitr. 8, 7.The tongue of a scale-beam: examen est ligula et lignum, quod mediam hastam ad pondera adaequanda tenet, Schol. ad Pers. 1, 6.A tongue-shaped member of the cuttle-fish: loliginum ligulas,App. Mag. p. 297, 5.
ligurio lĭgūrĭo and lĭgurrĭo, īvi and ĭi, ītum (impers. ligurribant, Macr. S. 2, 12, 17), 4, v. a. and n.root lig-; cf. lingo, to lick. * Neutr., to be dainty, fond of good things (cf. lambo): quae (meretrices) cum amatore cum cenant, liguriunt,Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 14.Act., to lick. Lit.: apes non, ut muscae, (eum) liguriunt,Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 6: semesos pisces tepidumque jus,Hor. S. 1, 3, 81.Transf.: dum ruri rurant homines, quos (parasiti) liguriant,
liguritio lĭgūrītio (lĭgurr-), ōnis, f.ligurio, a fondness for dainties, daintiness: liguritio, vinolentia, cupedia,Cic. Tusc. 4, 11, 26.
liguritor lĭgūrītor (lĭgurr-), ōris, m.id.. * One fond of dainties, an epicure, gourmand: eumque quasi liguritorem catillonem appellat,Macr. S. 2, 12. In mal. part., Aus. Ep. 128in lemm. ‡ lĭgūrĭus, gulosus, catillo, λίχνος, Gloss.
ligurius lĭgūrĭus, m., a kind of precious stone, Vulg. Exod. 28, 19; id. ib. 39, 12.
ligurius lĭgūrĭus, i, m., a gem, v. lyncurium.
Ligurra Lĭgurra, ae, f., the name of a woman, Mart. 12, 61.
Ligus Lĭgus, Lĭguscus, Lĭgustĭcus, Lĭgustīnus, Lĭgustis, v. Ligures.
,Hor. C. 1, 36, 16: rubens, = κρίνον, a reddish kind of lily, Plin. 21, 5, 11, § 24.Transf., a sort of defence, consisting of several rows of pits, in which stakes were planted, rising only four inches above the surface of the ground, Caes. B. G. 7, 73, 8.
lima līma, ae, f.etym. unknown, a file. Lit.: limā proterere aliquid,Plaut. Men. 1, 1, 9: limā aliquid avellere,Plin. 9, 35, 54, § 109: limā aliquid polire,id. 28, 9, 41, § 148: topazius limam sentit,id. 37, 8, 32, § 109: confitendum est detrahere doctrinam aliquid, ut limam rudibus, * Quint. 2, 12, 8: vipera limam momordit,Phaedr. 4, 8, 5.Trop., a file, as applied to literary compositions, i. e. polishing, revision (not in Cic.; cf., however, limatus, under limo): defuit et scriptis ultima lima meis,Ov. Tr. 1, 7, 30: incipiam limā mordacius uti, Et sub judicium singula verba vocem,id. P. 1, 5, 19: limae labor et mora,Hor. A. P. 291: carmina rasa limā recenti,Mart. 10, 2, 3: in illis limae, in hoc plus videtur fuisse sanguinis,Vell. 2, 9, 2: ad limam consilii desiderium petitoris distulit,App. M. 8, p. 204 fin.
limaceus līmācĕus, a, um, adj.2. limus, of mud, slime, or earth: primus homo de terra choicus, id est limaceus,Tert. Res. Carn. 49.
limax līmax, ācis, f. (less freq. m.) [kindred with 2. limus: limax a limo quod ibi vivit,Varr. L. L. 7, § 64 Müll.; cf.: limaces cochleae a limo appellatae, Paul. ex Fest. p. 116 Müll.], a slug, snail. Lit.: implicitus conchae limax, Col. poët. 10, 323: limacis inter duas orbitas,Plin. 29, 6, 36, § 113: limaces nascuntur in vicia,id. 18, 17, 44, § 156: lactucis innascuntur limaces et cochleae,id. 19, 10, 57, § 177.Transf.: limaces lividae, of courtesans, Plaut. Fragm. ap. Varr. l. l.; so perh. limaces viri, id. Fragm. ap. Non. 4, 274.
limbolarius limbŏlārĭus, i, m.id., a maker of edgings or fringes for ladies' dresses, a fringe-maker: textores limbolarii,Plaut. Aul. 3, 5, 45; Inscr. Orell. 4213; cf. ‡ limbolarius, θυσανοπράκτης, Gloss. Philox.
limbus limbus, i, m., a border that surrounds any thing, a hem, welt, edge, selvage, fringe; a belt, band, girdle. Lit.: Sidoniam picto chlamydem circumdata limbo,Verg. A. 4, 137; id. ib. 2, 616 (this the better read., others nimbo): indutus chlamydem Tyriam, quam limbus obibat Aureus,Ov. M. 5, 51; id. ib. 6, 127; 2, 734; Stat. Achill. 1, 330: frontem limbo velata pudicam,
with a headband, fillet
,Claud. Cons. Mall. Theod. 118; cf.: imminuerent frontes limbis,Arn. 2, 72: picto discingit pectora limbo, with a girdle, belt, Stat. Th. 6, 367.Transf. * The zodiac: extra limbum XII. signorum,Varr. R. R. 2, 3, 7; id. ap. Prob. ad Verg. E. 6, 31.A noose, snare, for catching animals, Grat. Cyn. 25.
limen līmen, ĭnis, n.Gr. λέχρις, λοξός; Lat. obliquus, līmus; hence prop. a cross-piece, a threshold; the head-piece or foot-piece of a doorway, the lintel or the sill (limen superum et inferum). Lit.: limen superum inferumque, salve,Plaut. Merc. 5, 1, 1: limen superum, quod mihi misero saepe confregit caput: Inferum autem, ubi ego omnis digitos defregi meos, Novius ap. Non. 336, 14: sensim super attolle limen pedes, nova nupta,Plaut. Cas. 4, 4, 1: imponere foribus,Plin. 36, 14, 21, § 96: ad limen consulis adesse,Liv. 2, 48: curiae,id. 3, 41: primo limine,
at the outer threshold
,Juv. 1, 96. Plur. (poet.): haec limina, intra quae puer est,Juv. 14, 45; 220. The moment of touching the threshold was regarded as ominous: ter limen tetigi,Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 55. Prov.: salutare a limine, to greet in passing, i. e. to touch upon slightly, not go deeply into, Sen. Ep. 49, 6.Transf.A door, entrance: ubi hanc ego tetulero intra limen,Plaut. Cist. 3, 19: intrare intra limen,id. Men. 2, 3, 63: intra limen cohibere se,
to keep within doors
,id. Mil. 3, 1, 11: marmoreo stridens in limine cardo,Verg. Cir. 222; Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 73: fores in liminibus profanarum aedium januae nominantur,Cic. N. D. 2, 27, 67: ad valvas se templi limenque convertisse,Caes. B. C. 3, 105: penetrare aulas et limina regum,
,Verg. A. 7, 598: densos per limina tende corymbos,Juv. 6, 52. Still more gen., a house, dwelling, abode: matronae nulla auctoritate virorum contineri limine poterant,
limenarcha lĭmĕnarcha, ae, m.vox hybrida; limen, ἄρχω; cf. Germ. Markgraf; Engl. margrave, a commander on the frontier: limenarchae et stationarii fugitivos deprehensos recte in custodiam retinent,Dig. 11, 4, 4; Paul. Sent. 1, 6, 3 (acc. to others, a harbor-master, port-warden).
Limentinus Līmentīnus, i, m.limen, a deity who presided over the threshold, Tert. Idol. 15; id. Cor. Mil. 13; Arn. 1, 15; 4, 132 sq.; Aug. Civ. Dei, 4, 8; 6, 7.
limes līmĕs, ĭtis, m.root in līmus; cf. limen, and Gr. λέχρις; cf. Just. Inst. 1, 12, 5, a cross-path, balk between fields. Lit., the Romans usually had in their fields two broad and two narrower paths; the principal balk from east to west was called limes decumanus; that from north to south was called cardo; of the two smaller ones, that running from east to west was called prorus, the other, from north to south, transversus,Hyg. de Limit. Const. 18, 33 and 34; Col. 1, 8, 7: lutosi limites,Varr. R. R. 2, 4, 8. Transf. (mostly poet.). A boundary, limit between two fields or estates, consisting of a stone or a balk: partiri limite campum,Verg. G. 1, 126: saxum antiquum, ingens, campo quod forte jacebat, Limes agro positus, litem ut discerneret arvis,id. A. 12, 897: effodit medio de limite saxum,Juv. 16, 38.A fortified boundaryline, a boundary-wall: cuncta inter castellum Alisonem ac Rhenum novis limitibus aggeribusque permunita,Tac. A. 2, 7: limite acto promotisque praesidiis,id. G. 29: penetrat interius, aperit limites, Vell. 2, 120. In gen., any path, passage, road, way; also, by-street, by-road: eo limite Athenienses signa extulerunt,Liv. 31, 39: profectus inde transversis limitibus,id. ib.: lato te limite ducam,Verg. A. 9, 323: acclivis,Ov. M. 2, 19: limite recto fugere,id. ib. 7, 782: transversi,
by-roads
,Liv. 22, 12, 2 Fabr.; 31, 39, 5; 41, 14 init.: limes Appiae, the line of the Appian street (for the street itself), id. 22, 15, 11: limite acto (i. e. facto),Tac. G. 29. Of the channel of a stream: solito dum flumina currant Limite,Ov. M. 8, 558; Prop. 5, 9, 60. Of the track of light left behind them by comets, fiery meteors, torches, etc.: flammiferumque trahens spatioso limite crinem, Stella micat,Ov. M. 15, 849: tum longo limite sulcus Dat lucem,Verg. A. 2, 697; Plin. 2, 26, 25, § 96: sectus in obliquo est lato curvamine limes,
liminium lĭmĭnĭum, a lengthened form of limen, assumed as accounting for the form postliminium, Cic. Top. 8, 36; v. post-liminium.
limis līmis, e, v. 1. limus.
limitaneus līmitānĕus, a, um, adj.limes, that is on the borders (late Lat.): agri limitanei, situated on the borders: milites, frontier troops, Cod. 11, 59, 3; Spart. Nigr. 7; Lampr. Alex. Sev. 58.
limitaris līmĭtāris, e, adj.id., that is on the border: iter,
limitatio līmĭtātĭo, ōnis, f.limito, a fixing, determination: limitatio terrae vinealis,Col. 3, 12, 1: limitatione cognita,Vitr. 10, 22.
limito līmĭto, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.limes, to enclose within boundaries or limits, to bound. Lit.: vineas limitari decumano XVIII. pedum latitudinis,Plin. 17, 22, 35, § 169; cf.: limitatus ager est in centurias dimensus, Paul. ex Fest. p. 116 Müll.Trop., to fix, settle, determine: limitata est pecuaria quaestio,Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 1.
limitotrophus līmĭtotrŏphus (līmĭtrŏphus), a, um, adj.limes τροφέω: agri, lands set apart to furnish subsistence to the troops stationed on the frontiers (limitanei), Cod. 11, 59, 3.
limma limma, ătis, n., = λεῖμμα (a remainder; hence),
a semitone
,Macr. Somn. Scip. 2, 1, § 23.
Limnaea Limnaea, ae, f., = Λιμναία, a town of Thessaly, now Kortikhi, Liv. 36, 13 fin.
Limnatis Limnātis, ĭdis, f., = Λιμνᾶτις (that lives in marshes), a surname of Diana: templum Dianae Limnatidis,Tac. A. 4, 43 init. (Ms. Flor. Liminatidis).
limne limnē, ēs, f., = λίμνη, a lake: lacus qui limne asphaltites appellabatur,Vitr. 8, 3, 8.
limnestis limnestis (limnētis), ĭdis, f., = λιμνῆστις, a plant, called also centaurea major, App. Herb. 34.
,Plaut. Merc. 3, 1, 40; id. Poen. 1, 2, 82.Trop. In gen., to file, polish, finish: quaedam institui, quae limantur a me politius,Cic. Ac. 1, 1, 2: stilus hoc maxime ornat ac limat,id. de Or. 3, 49, 190: ut ars aliquid limare non possit,id. ib. 1, 25, 115: vir nostrorum hominum urbanitate limatus,id. N. D. 2, 29, 74. In partic. To investigate accurately, to clear of every thing superfluous: veritas ipsa limatur in disputatione,Cic. Off. 2, 10, 35: subtiliter mendacium,Phaedr. 3, 10, 49. Cum se ipse consulto ad minutarum causarum genera limaverit, has prepared one's self thoroughly for, Cic. Opt. Gen. Or. 3, 9.To file off, take away from, diminish: tantum alteri affinxit, de altero limavit,Cic. de Or. 3, 9, 36: de tua prolixa beneficaque natura limavit aliquid posterior annus,id. Fam. 3, 8, 8: commoda alicujus,Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 38: multum inde decoquent anni, multum ratio limabit,Quint. 2, 4, 7. Hence, līmātus, a, um, P. a., polished, refined, elegant, fine, accurate: vir oratione maxime limatus,Cic. de Or. 1, 39, 180: jure madens, varioque togae limatus in usu,Mart. 7, 51, 5: pressum limatumque genus dicendi,Quint. 2, 8, 4; 11, 1, 3: Attici,id. 12, 10, 17. Comp.: limatius dicendi genus,Cic. Brut. 24, 93: comis et urbanus fuerit limatior idem,Hor. S. 1, 10, 65: limatius ingenium,Plin. Ep. 1, 20, 21. Hence, adv.: līmātē, finely, elegantly, accurately; comp.: limatius scriptum,Cic. Fin. 5, 5, 12: limatius quaerere,Amm. 15, 13, 2.
limo līmo, āre, v. a.2. limus, to bemire, besmirch (in double sense, v. 2. limo, I. 2.): caput alicui,Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 82. † Līmo, ōnis, m., = λειμών, the Meadow, the name of a writing of Cicero, Suet. Vit. Ter.A Roman surname: C. Apronius Limo, Ascon. ap. Cic. Or. pro Scauro.
limocinctus līmŏcinctus, i, m.3. limus-cingo, girt with an apron, a kind of public attendant on magistrates, Inscr. Orell. 3219.
limodoron līmŏdōron, i, n., = λιμόδωρον, a plant, otherwise unknown, Plin. 19, 10, 57, § 176.
Limone Līmōnē, ēs, f., daughter of Hippomenes, Ov. Ib. 461.
Limonum Limōnum, i, n., a city in Aquitanian Gaul, now Poitiers, Hirt. B. G. 8, 26, 27 (al. Limo).
limosus līmōsus, a, um, adj.2. limus, full of mud or slime, slimy, miry, muddy: quae (aqua) flumine Nilo fertur, adeo est limosa atque turbida, etc.,Hirt. B. Alex. 5: limosoque palus obducit pascua junco,i. e.
,Arn. 4, 132.Transf., of persons, looking sideways: neque post respiciens, neque ante prospiciens, sed limus intra limites culinae, Varr. ap. Non. 133, 31; cf. id. ib. 442, 33. Hence, adv.: līmō, sideways, askance: leones numquam limo vident,Sol. 27, 20; for which: limis oculis in Plin. 8, 16, 19, § 52 (v. the passage above).
limus līmus, i, m.root lib-; Gr. λείβω, to pour; cf. Lat. lino; Gr. λίμνη, λιμήν, slime, mud, mire. Lit.: atque omnis mundi quasi limus in imum Confluxit gravis et subsedit funditus ut faex,Lucr. 5, 496: luta et limum aggerebant, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 212, 16: frumenti acervos sedisse illitos limo,Liv. 2, 5: profundo limo cum ipsis equis hausti sunt,id. 31, 27: amnis abundans Exit et obducto late tenet omnia limo,Verg. G. 1, 116: amnes Felicem trahunt limum,id. ib. 2, 188: limo Turbata aqua,Hor. S. 1, 1, 59: veteri craterae limus adhaesit,id. ib. 2, 4, 80.Transf.Excrement in the intestines, Pall. 3, 31.Dirt, mire: limumque inducere monstrat,Ov. F. 3, 759.Trop., filth, pollution, etc.: pectora sic mihi sunt limo vitiata malorum,Ov. P. 4, 2, 17.
limus līmus, i, m.perh. for lig-mus, from ligo, a girdle or apron trimmed with purple, which the sacrificing priests and other servants of the magistrates wore about the abdomen: velati limo,Verg. A. 12, 120; cf.: limus autem est vestis, qua ab umbilico usque ad pedes teguntur pudenda poparum. Haec autem vestis in extremo sui purpuram limam, i. e. flexuosam habet. Unde et nomen accepit. Nam limum obliquum dicimus, Serv. ad Verg. l. l.: licio transverso, quod limum appellatur, cincti erant, Tiro ap. Gell. 12, 3, 3.
Limus Līmus, i, m., the god of oblique glances, Arn. 4, cap. 9.
linea līnĕa (līnĭa), ae, f.linum, a linen thread, a string, line. Lit.: nectere lineas, restes, funes,Varr. R. R. 1, 23, 6: linia longinqua per os religata,Plin. 9, 17, 26, § 59: ligato pede longā lineā gallina custoditur,Col. 8, 11, 15: linea margaritarum triginta quinque,Dig. 35, 2, 26; cf.: lineae duae ex margaritis,ib. 34, 2, 40; and ib. 9, 2, 27 fin.: linea dives (of the strings of pearls which were thrown among the people at the public games),Mart. 8, 78, 7 (cf. Suet. Ner. 11). In partic. In a net, the threads which form the meshes: licia difficile cernuntur: atque ut in plagis lineae offensae, praecipitant in sinum (of spiders' webs),Plin. 11, 24, 28, § 82.Transf., a net, Plin. 9, 43, 67, § 145: si feras lineis et pinna clusas contineas,Sen. Clem. 1, 12, 5.A fishing-line: tremulāve captum lineā trahit piscem,Mart. 3, 58, 27; 10, 30, 18. Hence, prov.: mittere lineam, to cast a line, to fish for, try to catch a person, Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 22.A plumbline of masons and carpenters: perpendiculo et lineā uti,Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 1; cf.: ad regulam et lineam,Vitr. 7, 3; 5, 3; Pall. 3, 9. Hence, Ad lineam and rectā lineā, in a straight line, vertically, perpendicularly: solida corpora ferri suo deorsum pondere ad lineam,Cic. Fin. 1, 6, 18; Plin. 19, 8, 42, § 147; of the layers of stone in a wall: saxa, quae rectis lineis suos ordines servant,Caes. B. G. 7, 23: (ignis) rectis lineis in caelestem locum subvolat,Cic. Tusc. 1, 17, 40.A region, tract: linea tam rectum mundi ferit illa Leonem,
that region lies directly under the lion
,Luc. 10, 306.A bowstring, Ter. Maur. praef. v. 19.Transf., a thread-like stroke or mark made with a pen, pencil, etc., a line: Apelli fuit perpetua consuetudo, numquam tam occupatam diem agendi, ut non, lineam ducendo, exerceret artem, quod ab eo in proverbium venit (namely, the proverb: nulla dies sine linea),Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 84: lineam cinere ducere,id. 18, 33, 76, § 327: candida per medium folium transcurrens,id. 27, 11, 77, § 102: serra in praetenui linea premente harenas (of sawing marble),id. 36, 6, 9, § 51: nec congruebant ad horas ejus lineae (of the sundial),id. 7, 60, 60, § 214; Pers. 3, 4. In geometry, a line: linea a nostris dicitur, quam γραμμὴν Graeci nominant. Eam M. Varro ita definit: Linea est, inquit, longitudo quaedam sine latitudine et altitudine,Gell. 1, 20, 7: locorum extremae lineae,Quint. 1, 10, 39: lineae, quae emittuntur ex centro,Plin. 2, 65, 65, § 165; 2, 16, 13, § 64: linea circumcurrens,
a circular line, circle
,Quint. 1, 10, 41. In partic. A boundary-line which consisted of a narrow path between fields, Hyg. de Limit. p. 151; 152 Goes. In gen., a way, path: dedit sequendam calle recto lineam,Prud. Cath. 7, 48.A barrier or line in the theatre, by which the seats were separated from each other: quid frustra refugis? cogit nos linea jungi,Ov. Am. 3, 2, 19; id. A. A. 1, 139: lineas poscere,Quint. 11, 3, 133.A feature, lineament: adulti venustissimis lineis,Arn. 5, 179 al.Trop.A line of descent or kindred, lineage (post-class.): στέμματα cognationum directo limite in duas lineas separantur, quarum altera est superior, altera inferior, Dig. 38, 10, 9: clara gentis Linea,Stat. S. 3, 3, 43: primo gradu superioris linea continentur pater, mater,Paul. Sent. 4, 11, 1.An outline, sketch, design (a fig. borrowed from painting): quidam materias latius dicendo prosequebantur ... alii, cum primas modo lineas duxissent,Quint. 2, 6, 2; cf. id. 4, 2, 120: ea quae in Platonis oratione demiramur, non aemulari quidem, sed lineas umbrasque facere ausi sumus, Gell. 17, 20, 8.A boundary-line, bound, limit, end, goal: cum poëtae transilire lineas impune possint,Varr. L. L. 9, § 5 Müll.; Cassiod. Var. 3, 50: si quidem est peccare tamquam transire lineas,
to go beyond the mark, pass the prescribed limits
,Cic. Par. 3, 1, 20: mors ultima linea rerum est,Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 79: admoveri lineas sentio,Sen. Ep. 49. Hence, prov.: amare extremā lineā, to love at a distance, i. e. to see the beloved object only at a distance, not be able to speak to her, Ter. Eun. 4, 2, 12.
linealis līnĕālis, e, adj.linea, consisting of lines, made with lines, lineal (post-class.): ambitus lineales,Amm. 22, 16, 7. Hence, adv.: līnĕālĭter, in the manner of lines, by means of lines: quos (circulos) linealiter feci,Mart. Cap. 8, § 834.
lineamentum līnĕāmentum (līnĭā-), i, n.linea, a line or stroke made with a pen, with chalk, etc., a mark, line. Lit.: in geometria lineamenta formae, etc.,
lines
,Cic. de Or. 1, 41, 187: lineamentum, longitudinem latitudine carentem,id. Ac. 2, 36, 116. Transf.A feature, lineament: quae conformatio lineamentorum,Cic. N. D. 1, 18, 47: lineamenta hospitae,Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 36, § 89: lineamenta oris effingere,id. Div. 1, 13, 23: habitum oris lineamentaque intueri,Liv. 21, 4: corporis,id. 26, 41. In plur., of the works of artists, designs, drawings, delineations: adumbratorum deorum lineamenta,Cic. N. D. 1, 27, 75: operum lineamenta,Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 44, § 98.Trop., a feature, lineament: animi lineamenta sunt pulchriora quam corporis,Cic. Fin. 3, 22, 75: numerus quasi quandam palaestram et extrema lineamenta orationi attulit,id. Or. 56, 186: Catonis lineamentis nihil nisi eorum pigmentorum, quae inventa nondum erant, florem et colorem defuisse,
lineatio līnĕātĭo, ōnis, f.id., the drawing of a line, a line: solis radii paribus lateribus lineationibus extenduntur,Vitr. 9, 4.A feature, lineament: corporis, Firm. Math. 1, 4.
lineo līnĕo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.id., to reduce to a straight line, to make straight or perpendicular. Lit.: dolabit, lineabit, secabitque materiam,Cato, R. R. 14, 3: bene lineata carina,Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 40: radios,Vitr. 9, 4, 13.Transf., pass. part. Striped: basiliscus albis maculis lineatus,Isid. 12, 4, 7; 16, 12, 4.Decked out: inter comatos lineatosque juvenes,Hier. Ep. 117, n. 6.
lineola līnĕŏla, ae, f.dim.id., a little line, Gell. 10, 1, 9.
lineus līnĕus, a, um, adj.linum, of flax or lint, flaxen, linen-: vincula,Verg. A. 5, 510: terga,
Lingones Lingŏnes, um, m., a people in Celtic Gaul, whence the modern name of their chief city, Langres, Caes. B. G. 1, 26; Plin. 4, 17, 31, § 106. Afterwards dwelling on the Po,Liv. 5, 35, 2. Hence, Lingŏ-nĭcus, a, um, adj., Lingonian: bardocucullus,
Lingos Lingos (-us), i, m., a mountain in Epirus, Liv. 32, 13.
lingua lingua (ante-class. form dingua, like dagrima for lacrima, Mar. Victorin. p. 2457 and 2470 P.; cf. the letter D), ae, f.Sanscr. jihvā; original Lat. form. dingua; A. -S. tunga; Germ. Zunge; Engl. tongue. Not from the root lih, lich, v. lingo, the tongue. Lit.: fac proserpentem bestiam me duplicem ut habeam linguam (of a kiss in which the tongues touched each other),Plaut. As. 3, 3, 105: lingua haeret metu,Ter. Eun. 5, 5, 7: in ore sita lingua est, finita dentibus,Cic. N. D. 2, 59, 149: linguā haesitantes,id. de Or. 1, 25, 115: linguā properanti legere,Ov. P. 3, 5, 9: linguā titubante loqui,id. Tr. 3, 1, 21: quo facilius verba ore libero exprimeret, calculos lingua volvens dicere domi solebat (Demosthenes),Quint. 11, 3, 54: linguam exserere, to thrust out the tongue, in token of derision or contempt, Liv. 7, 10: so, lingua ejecta,Cic. de Or. 2, 66, 266: lingua minor,
the epiglottis
,Plin. 11, 37, 66, § 175. Comically, as mock term of endearment: hujus voluptas, te opsecro, hujus mel, hujus cor, hujus labellum, hujus lingua,Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 178; cf. v. 175. In mal. part.: homo malae linguae, a fellow with a bad tongue, i. q. fellator, Mart. 3, 80, 2; Min. Fel. Oct. 28.Transf. Since the tongue is an organ of speech, a tongue, utterance, speech, language: largus opum, lingua melior,Verg. A. 11, 338: facilem benevolumque lingua tua jam tibi me reddidit,Ter. Hec. 5, 1, 35: non tu tibi istam praetruncari linguam largiloquam jubes?Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 47: Latium beare divite linguā,Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 120: lingua quasi flabello seditionis contionem ventilare,Cic. Fl. 23, 54: linguam continere,id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 13: tenere,Ov. F. 2, 602: moderari,Sall. J. 84: linguae solutio,Cic. de Or. 1, 25, 114: linguam solvere ad jurgia,Ov. M. 3, 261: quidam operarii linguā celeri et exercitatā,Cic. de Or. 1, 18, 83: ut vitemus linguas hominum,id. Fam. 9, 2, 2: Aetolorum linguas retundere,
to check their tongues, bring them to silence
,Liv. 33, 3; cf.: claudente noxarum conscientiā linguam,Amm. 16, 12, 61: si mihi lingua foret,Ov. H. 21, 205: ne vati noceat mala lingua futuro,Verg. E. 7, 28: favete linguis, i. e. give attention, "be silent that you may hear," Hor. C. 3, 1, 2; Ov. F. 1, 71: linguis animisque faventes,Juv. 12, 83: nam lingua mali pars pessima servi,id. 9, 121: mercedem imponere linguae,i. e.
to speak for pay
,id. 7, 149: usum linguae reciperare,Amm. 17, 12, 10: linguā debili esse,
to stammer
,Gell. 1, 12, 2. Comically: os habeat, linguam, perfidiam, tongue, i. e. readiness in speech, Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 33. The tongue or language of a people: lingua Latina, Graeca,Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 10: Graeca et Latina lingua,Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 6: (Massilia) tam procul a Graecorum regionibus, disciplinis linguāque divisa,Cic. Fl. 26, 63: quod quidem Latina lingua sic observat, ut, etc.,id. Or. 44, 150: Gallicae linguae scientiam habere,Caes. B. G. 1, 47: qui ipsorum lingua Celtae, nostra Galli, appellantur,id. ib. 1, 1: dissimili linguā,Sall. C. 6, 2: linguā utrāque,i. e.
Greek and Latin
,Hor. S. 1, 10, 23; so, auctores utriusque linguae, Quint. prooem. 1; 1, 1, 14: Mithridates, cui duas et viginti linguas notas fuisse,id. 11, 2, 50: haud rudis Graecae linguae,Curt. 5, 11, 4; 5, 4, 4; Nep. Milt. 3, 2: Syrus in Tiberim Orontes et linguam et mores vexit,Juv. 3, 63.Dialect, idiom, mode of speech (post-Aug.): illis non verborum modo, sed. linguarum etiam se inter differentium copia est. Quint. 12, 10, 34: Crassus quinque Graeci sermonis differentias sic tenuit, ut, qua quisque apud eum linguā postulasset, eadem jus sibi redditum ferret,id. 11, 2, 50: utar enim historicā linguā,Sen. Q. N. 1, 13, 3: si philosophorum linguā uti voluissem,id. ib. 2, 2, 4.Poet. of animals. the voice, note, song, bark, etc.: linguae volucrum,Verg. A. 3, 361; 10, 177: linguam praecludere (canis),Phaedr. 1, 22, 5.An utterance, expression: lingua secretior,
a dark saying
,Quint. 1, 1, 35. Of tongue-shaped things. A plant, also called lingulaca, Plin. 24, 19, 108, § 170. Lingua bubula, a plant, oxtongue, bugloss, Cato, R. R. 40; Plin. 17, 14, 24, § 112. Lingua canina, Cels. 5, 27, 18 init.; and lingua canis,App. Herb. 96, the plant hound's-tongue, also called cynoglossos; q. v.A tongue of land: id promontorium, Cujus lingua in altum proicit, Pac. ap. Gell. 4, 17 fin.: lingua in altum mille passuum excurrens,Liv. 37, 31, 9; Weissenb. ad Liv. 25, 15, 12: eminet in altum lingua, in qua urbs sita est,Liv. 44, 11: tenuem producit in aequora linguam,Luc. 2, 614; cf.: lingua dicitur promontorii genus non excellentis sed molliter in planum devexi, Paul. ex Fest. p. 121 Müll.A spoonful, as a measure, Plin. 26, 11, 73, § 119 (al. lingulis).The tongue or reed of a flute, Plin. 10, 29, 43, § 84.The short arm of a lever: vectis lingua sub onus subdita,Vitr. 10, 8 (cf. ligula, VII.).
linguarium linguārĭum, ĭi, n.lingua, tonguemoney; a comic expression to denote a penalty for rash sayings: linguarium dare,Sen. Ben. 4, 36, 1.
linguatulus linguātŭlus, a, um, adj. dim. [linguatus], somewhat gifted with a tongue, sub-eloquent, Tert. ad Nat. 1, 8.
linguatus linguātus, a, um, adj.lingua, gifted with a tongue, eloquent (post-class.): civitas,Tert. Anim. 3; Vulg. Eccl. 8, 4; 25, 27.
linifiarius līnĭfĭārĭus, līnĭfĭo, v. linyphiarius.
linificus līnĭfĭcus, i, m.linum-facio, a linenweaver, Cod. Th. 8, 16.
liniger līnĭger, gĕra, gĕrum, adj.linum gero, linen-wearing, clothed in linen; of Isis and her priests: turba,Ov. M. 1, 747: neu fuge linigerae Memphitica templa juvencae,id. A. A. 1, 77: grege linigero circumdatus,Juv. 6, 532.
linitus lĭnītus, a, um, Part., from linio, v. lino.
linitus lĭnītus, ūs, m.linio, a smearing, anointing: potu et linitu,Plin. 20, 12, 47, § 118.
lino lĭno, lēvi (līvi), lĭtum, 3, and lĭnĭo, īvi, ītum. 4 (contr. form of the inf. perf. lisse for livisse. Spart. Hadr. 4: perf. livi, Cato, R. R. 69; Col. 12, 50, 17: levi,Hor. C. 1, 20, 3: lini for livi, acc. to Prisc. p. 898 P.), v. a.Sanscr. root li-, to let go, pour; Gr. λιβ‐, λείβω; cf. Lat. libo; hence, littera, 2. limus, to daub, besmear, anoint, to spread or rub over. Lit.: cerā Spiramenta,Verg. G. 4, 39: spicula vipereo felle,Ov. P. 1, 2, 18: carmina linenda cedro,Hor. A. P. 331: Sabinum quod ego ipse testa Conditum levi (sc. pice),
which I have sealed with pitch
,id. C. 1, 20, 3; cf. Liv. 21, 8, 10 Drak. N. cr.: nam quis plura linit victuro dolia musto?Juv. 9, 58: picata opercula diligenter gypso linunt,Col. 12, 16, 5: faciem,Juv. 6, 481: sucis sagittas,Sen. Med. 711: cum relego, scripsisse pudet, qui plurima cerno, Me quoque, qui feci, judice digna lini, that deserve to be rubbed out, erased (because the writing on a tablet was rubbed out with the broad end of the style), Ov. P. 1, 5, 15. In the form linio, īre: liquidā pice cum oleo linire,Col. 6, 17; Pall. 4, 10, 29; Plin. 17, 28, 47, § 266: tectoria luto cum liniuntur,Vitr. 7, 3 fin.To rub over something: linere medicamenta per corpora, Ov. Med. fac. 81.Transf.To overlay, cover: tecta auro, Ov. Med. fac. 7; Mart. 9, 62, 4.To bedaub, bemire: linit ora luto,Ov. F. 3, 760; Mart. 9, 22, 13.Trop., to befoul: carmine foedo Splendida facta,Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 237.
linostema lĭnostema, est vestis ex lana linoque contexta: et dicta linostema, quia in stamine linum in trama lanam habet,Isid. Orig. 19, 22.
linostrophon lĭnostrŏphon, i, n., = λινόστροφον, a plant, called also marrubium, Plin. 20, 22, 89, § 241.
linter linter, tris (nom. lintris, Sid. Carm. 5, 283), f. (m., Tib. 2, 5, 34) [old form lunter for plun-ter; root πλύνω, to wash; cf. pluvia; hence] Lit., a wash-tub; or in gen., a trough, vat, tray, tub, for wine, Cato, R. R. 11, 5; cf. Tib. 1, 5, 23: cavat arbore lintres,Verg. G. 1, 262.Transf., a boat, skiff, wherry: lintribus materiam in insulam convehere,Cic. Mil. 27, 74; Caes. B. G. 1, 12: novas (sc. lintres), cavare,Liv. 21, 26. Prov.: loqui e lintre, said of one who sways his body to and fro when speaking, Julius ap. Cic. Brut. 60, 216: reprehendenda et illa frequens et concitata in utramque partem nutatio, quam in Curione patre inrisit et Julius, quaerens, quis in luntre loqueretur,Quint. 11, 3, 129: naviget hinc aliā jam mihi linter aquā,i. e.
,id. 4, 45; Sil. 7, 503.A linen corselet, habergeon: fugit hasta per oras Multiplicis lini,Sil. 4, 292: tempora multiplici mos est defendere lino,id. 3, 272: thorax Multiplicis lini,id. 9, 587.A string of pearls: uno lino decies sestertium inseritur,Tert. Cult. Fem. 1, 9.A lampwick: fumigans,Vulg. Isa. 42, 3; Tert. adv. Marc. 4, 23: ardens,id. adv. Jud. 9.
Linus Lĭnus (-os), i, m., = Λι·νος, Linus. A son of Apollo and Psammate, daughter of Crotopus, king of the Argives; he was given by his mother to the care of shepherds, and one day, being left alone, was torn to pieces by dogs; whereupon Apollo sent into the land a monster which destroyed everything, until slain by Chorœbus, Stat. Th. 6, 64; 1, 557 sqq.The son of Apollo and Terpsichore, instructor of Orpheus and Hercules, the latter of whom killed him by a blow with the lyre: flam, ut ego opinor, Hercules, tu autem Linus,Plaut. Bacch. 1, 2, 47; Verg. E. 4, 56; Prop. 2, 10 (3, 4), 8, who confounds him with the preceding. According to others, he was a son of Mercury and Urania, and was killed by Apollo in Eubœa, Hyg. Fab. 161; Mart. 9, 86, 4.A fountain in Arcadia, Plin. 31, 2, 7, § 10.
linyphus līnyphus (līnĭf-), i, līnyphĭo (līnĭf-), ōnis, and līnyphĭārĭus (līnĭf-), ĭi, m., = λινόϋφος, λινοϋφής (λι·νυφος, Gloss.), a linen-weaver (post-class.): Scythopolitani linyphi, Cod. Th. 10, 20, 8: alii linyphiones sunt, Hadr. in Ep. ap. Vop. Sat. 8: corpus linyphiariorum, Cod. Th. 10, 20, 16.
lio līo, āre, v. a., = λειόω, λειῶ, to make smooth, plaster over: cisternam liare,Tert. Idol. 5; Apic. 5, 1, § 186.
liostrea līostrĕa, v. leiostrea.
liothasius līŏthăsĭus (leiŏthăsĭus), a, um, adj., = λεῖος‐Θάσιος, a kind of turnip, which perh. came from Thasus, and was more delicate than the others, Plin. 19, 3, 25, § 75.
lipio lĭpĭo, ĭre, v. n., to croak, of the kite: milvus lipit, Auct. Carm. Philom. 24.
lippesco lippesco, 3, v. n., to become blear-eyed (eccl. Lat.), Hier. in Sophon. 3, 49.
lippidus lippĭdus, γλαμώδης (i. q. lippus), Gloss. Gr. Lat.
lippio lippĭo, īvi, ītum, 4, v. n.lippus, to haw watery or inflamed eyes, to be blear-eyed. Lit.: cum leviter lippirem, has litteras dedi, * Cic. Att. 7, 14, 1: ne omnino lippiatur,Plin. 28, 8, 27, § 94: calor adjuvat lippientes,Cels. 1, 9; Plin. 29, 6, 38, § 128. * Transf.: lippiunt fauces fame,i. e.
liquefacio lĭquĕfăcĭo, fēci, factum, 3, v. a., and pass. lĭquĕfīo (e long, Sil. 1, 178), factus, fĭĕri [liqueo-facio], to make liquid, to melt, dissolve, liquefy (class.; but in act. very rare). Lit.: glacies liquefacta,Cic. N. D. 2, 10, 26: legum aera liquefacta,id. Cat. 3, 8, 19: liquefactum plumbum,Verg. A. 9, 588: saxa (Aetnae),i. e.
lava
,id. G. 1, 473: ne sol liquefaciat ceram,Plin. 21, 14, 49, § 84: sevum liquefieri prius jubent,id. 28, 9, 38, § 144: margaritas aceto liquefactas,Suet. Calig. 37: ut cibos mansos ac prope liquefactos demittimus,Quint. 10, 1, 19.Transf., part. perf., dissolved, putrefied: caecā medullae Tabe liquefactae,Ov. M. 9, 175: liquefacta boum per viscera,Verg. G. 4, 555.Trop.To weaken, enervate: quos nullae futtiles laetitiae exsultantes languidis liquefaciunt voluptatibus,Cic. Tusc. 5, 6, 16: sic mea perpetuis liquefiunt pectora curis,Ov. P. 1, 2, 57.To soften. melt: Bacchi dona volunt epulasque et carmina rursus Pieria liquefacta lyra, Sil. 11, 416.
liquefactio lĭquĕfactĭo, ōnis, f., = liquatio (late Lat.), Inc. Auct. de Tripl. Habit. 2.
liquefactus lĭquĕfactus, a, um, Part., from liquefacio.
liquefio lĭquĕfīo, v. liquefacio init.
liquens lĭquens, Part., from liqueo.
liquens līquens, Part., from liquor.
Liquentia Lĭquentĭa, ae, m., a river in Venetia, now the Livenza, Plin. 3, 18, 22, § 126; Serv. Verg. A. 9, 679; Cod. Th. 11, 10, 2.
liqueo lĭquĕo, līqui or licui, 2, v. n.Sanscr. rik-, riktas, empty; Zend, ric-, to pour out; Gr. λιπ- in λείπω; cf. linquo, to be fluid or liquid. Lit. (only in the part. pres.): lac est omnium rerum liquentium maxime alibile,Varr. R. R. 2, 11, 1: vina liquentia fundere,Verg. A. 5, 238: caelum ac terras camposque liquentes,id. ib. 6, 724: fluvium liquentem,id. G. 4, 442.Transf., to be clear: polus liquet, Prud. στεφ. 1, 88. Trop., to be clear, manifest, apparent, evident (class., but used for the most part only in the third pers. sing.): quicquid incerti mihi in animo prius aut ambiguum fuit, Nunc liquet, nunc defaecatum est,Plaut. Ps. 2, 4, 69: ut liqueant omnia,id. Most. 2, 1, 69: hoc non liquet nec satis cogitatum est, utrum, etc.,id. Trin. 2, 1, 3: Protagoras sese negat omnino de deis habere, quod liqueat,Cic. N. D. 1, 12, 29; cf.: cui (Protagorae) neutrum licuerit, nec esse deos nec non esse,id. ib. 1, 42, 117: te liquet esse meum,Ov. Tr. 1, 1, 62: si liquerit eum vivere,Dig. 29, 3, 2. In part. pres.: fidei purae liquentisque (opp. turbidae, ambiguae),Gell. 18, 5, 11. In partic.: non liquet, it doth not appear, a legal formula by which the judge declared that he was unable to decide respecting the guilt or innocence of the accused. Hence also, in gen., it is not evident, it is doubtful: non liquere dixerunt (judices),Cic. Clu. 28, 76: cum id de quo Panaetio non liquet, reliquis ejusdem disciplinae solis luce videatur clarius,id. Div. 1, 3, 6: juravi, mihi non liquere,Gell. 14, 2, 25: non liquet mihi,Quint. 9, 3, 97. So, on the contrary, liquet: cum causam non audisset, dixit sibi liquere,Cic. Caecin. 10, 29: quid maxime liquere judici velit,Quint. 3, 6, 12: de quo liquet,id. 3, 6, 35: si liquebit mundum providentia regi,id. 5, 10, 14: mirabatur, id. cuiquam pro percepto liquere, stellas istas non esse plures, etc.,Gell. 14, 1, 11.
liquesco lĭquesco, lĭcŭi, 3, v. inch. n. [liqueo], to become fluid or liquid, to melt. Lit.: tabes nivis liquescentis,Liv. 21, 36: haec ut cera liquescit,Verg. E. 8, 80; Ov. M. 5, 431: volnificusque chalybs vastā fornace liquescit,Verg. A. 8, 446; Plin. 37, 10, 59, § 162: corpora foeda jacent ... dilapsa liquescunt,i. e.
putrefy
,Ov. M. 7, 550.Transf.To become clear, limpid: aqua liquescit ac subsidit, Auct. B. Alex. 5. Of the liquid sound of l, m, n, r with other consonants, to merge, coalesce, be confined with other sounds: eorum sonus liquescit et tenuatur,Val. Prob. p. 1389 P.Trop.To grow soft, effeminate: qua (voluptate) cum liquescimus,Cic. Tusc. 2, 22, 52. To melt or waste away: fortuna liquescit,Ov. Ib. 425. Of a person: minui et deperire, et, ut proprie dicam, liquescere,Sen. Ep. 26.
liquet lĭquet, v. liqueo.
liquide lĭquĭdē, adv., v. liquidus fin.
liquiditas lĭquĭdĭtas, ātis, f.liquidus, liquidity: aëris, App. de Mundo, p. 57, 13.
liquidiusculus lĭquĭdĭuscŭlus, a, um, adj. comp. dim. [id.], somewhat more fluid or soft: liquidiusculusque ero, quam ventus est Favonius,Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 71; v. Brix ad loc.
liquido lĭquĭdō, adv., v. liquidus fin.
liquidus lī^quĭdus, a, um (the first syll. usually short; long in Lucr. 1, 349; 3, 427; while in the line id. 4, 1259 it is used both as long and short; v.infra), adj.liqueo, flowing, fluid, liquid. Lit.: aqua bona et liquida,Cato, R. R. 73: crassaque conveniant liquidis et liquida crassis,Lucr. 4, 1259: liquida moles,
liquis līquis, e, adj.the simple word, whence obliquus, oblique, Front. Expos. Form. p. 32 Goes.
liquo lĭquo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to make liquid, to melt, dissolve, liquefy. Lit.: pila,Luc. 7, 159: vitrum,Plin. 36, 26, 66, § 194: lapis liquatur igni,id. 36, 8, 13, § 62: liquatum aes,id. 34, 13, 36, § 134: liquatae guttae, Cic. poët. Tusc. 2, 10, 25.Transf., to strain, filter, clarify: vina liques,Hor. C. 1, 11, 6: liquatum vinum,Plin. 15, 29, 37, § 124: liquatae aquae,id. 31, 3, 22, § 36: saccus, quo vinum liquatur,Col. 9, 15, 12: silicem rivo saliente,Manil. 5, 534: voces liquatae, i. e. clear voices, Auct. ap. Macr. S. 6, 3.Trop., to make clear, simplify: quae (verba) cum sex et viginti natus annos summis audientium clamoribus dixerit, defervisse tempore et annis liquata jam senior idem fatetur,Quint. 12, 6, 4.
liquor līquor, līqui (inf. liquier, Att. Trag. Brut. 28), v. dep. n. [liqueo], to be fluid or liquid, to flow, melt, dissolve (poet. and in post-Aug. prose). Lit.: tum toto corpore sudor Liquitur,Verg. A. 9, 813: huic (arbori) atro liquuntur sanguine guttae,id. ib. 3, 28: liquentia flumina,id. ib. 9, 679: mella,id. ib. 1, 432: fluvius,id. G. 4, 442: ut fraces et amurca liquentur,Plin. 15, 6, 6, § 22.Trop., to melt or waste away: ilico res foras labitur, liquitur,Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 17: in partem pejorem liquitur aetas,Lucr. 2, 1132: per poli liquentis axem, Prud. στεφ. 1, 88.
lira līra, ae, f.perh. fr. lisa; O. H. Germ. Leisa; Germ. Geleise, a track or rut; cf. delirus, the earth thrown up between two furrows, a ridge: liras rustici vocant easdem porcas, cum sic aratum est, ut inter duos latius distantes sulcos medius cumulus siccam sedem frumentis praebeat,Col. 2, 4, 8: patentes liras facere,id. 2, 8, 3: proscissa lira,id. 2, 10; cf. id. 11, 3.Transf., a furrow, acc. to Non. 17, 32; cf. lira, αὖλαξ, Gloss. Philox.
liratim līrātim, adv.lira, by furrows: liratim serere,Col. 11, 3, 20.
Lirinus Līrīnus, i (Lērīna, ae), f., = Ληρίνη, an island on the coast of Gallia Narbonensis, opposite to Antipolis (the modern Antibes), now St. Honorat (one of the islands De Le´rins), Plin. 3, 5, 11, § 79; Sid. Carm. 16, 104. Hence, Līrīnensis, adj., Lirinian: Cenobium Lirinense,Sid. Ep. 8, 14.
lirion līrĭon, i, n., = λείριον, a lily, App. Herb. 107.
Liriope Līrĭŏpē, ēs, f., a fountain-nymph, the mother of Narcissus by Cephisus, Ov. M. 3, 342.
liro līro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.lira, to plough or harrow in the seed. Lit.: terram cum primum arant, proscindere appellant: cum iterum, offringere dicunt: tertio cum arant jacto semine, lirare dicuntur,Varr. R. R. 1, 29, 2; cf.: haec (iteratio) quoque ubi consuetudo patitur, crate dentata, vel tabula aratro adnexa, quod vocant lirare, operiente semina,Plin. 18, 20, 49, § 180: lirantur una jugera quatuor,Col. 11, 2, 47.Transf., to scratch one's lips: alicui labias, Pompon. ap. Non. 18, 5.Trop., for delirare, to be mad, to rave: et si Pierias patitur lirare sorores,Aus. Ep. 10, 8.
,id. ib.; cf. id. Rab. Post. 5, 11: cum in eum litis aestimares,id. ib. 5, 12: quod vulgo dicitur, e lege Julia litem anno et sex mensibus mori,Gai. Inst. 4, 104. In the phrase: litem suam facere, to make the cause his own, said, Litem suam facere, of an advocate who neglects the cause of his client and seeks his own advantage: quid, si cum pro altero dicas, litem tuam facias?Cic. de Or. 2, 75, 305. Also of a judge who, out of favor or through bribery, pronounces an unjust sentence, or who turns aside from the questions strictly before him to express his own opinions or feelings through the judgment: debet enim judex attendere, ut cum certae pecuniae condemnatio posita sit, neque majoris neque minoris summa petita nummo condemnet, alioquin litem suam facit; item si taxatio posita sit, ne pluris condemnet quam taxatum sit, alias enim similiter litem suam facit,Gai. Inst. 2, 52: si judex litem suam fecerit,Dig. 44, 7, 4, § 4; cf. ib. 5, 1, 15; so, trop.: nam et Varro satis aperte, quid dicere oporteret, edocuit; et ego adversus eum, qui doctus esse dicebatur, litem meam facere absens nolui,Gell. 10, 1. Also of a judge who does not appear on the day appointed: inde ad comitium vadunt, ne litem suam faciant, C. Titius ap. Macr. S. 2, 12.The subject of an action at law, the matter in dispute: quibus res erat in controversia, ea vocabatur lis,Varr. L. L. 7, § 93 Müll.: illud mihi mirum videri solet, tot homines statuere non potuisse, utrum rem an litem dici oporteret,Cic. Mur. 12, 27: lites severe aestimatae,id. ib. 20, 42: quo minus secundum eas tabulas lis detur, non recusamus,id. Rosc. Com. 1, 3: de tota lite pactionem facere,id. ib. 14, 40: in suam rem litem vertere,Liv. 3, 72: litem lite resolvere,
to explain one obscure thing by another equally so
litabilis lĭtābĭlis, e, adj.lito, fit for sacrifice, with which a successful offering can be made (post-class.): victima,Lact. 1, 21, 25: hostia,Min. Fel. 32, 2: litabilior victima,Lact. Epit. 7.
litania lĭtănīa, ae, f., = λιτανεία, a public form of prayer to God, a litany: litanias facere,Sid. Ep. 5, 7; Cod. 1, 5, 6.
litatio lĭtātĭo, ōnis, f.lito, a fortunate or successful sacrifice, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 100: per dies aliquot hostiae majores sine litatione caesae, diuque non impetrata pax deorum,Liv. 27, 23, 4: sacrificare,id. 41, 15, 4; Inscr. Fratr. Arval. ap. Orell. 2271.
lithargyrus lĭthargyrus (-os), i, m., = λιθάργυρος, the spume of silver, litharge, the semivitreous protoxide of lead (pure Lat.: spuma argenti),Plin. 26, 10, 64, § 101.
lithizon lĭthīzon, ontis, m., = λιθίζων (stonelike): lithizontes, a reading for lignyizontes, in Plin. 37, 7, 25, § 95.
lithospermon lĭthospermon, i, n., = λιθόσπερμον, a plant, stone-crop, gromwell, Plin. 27, 11, 74, § 98.
lithotomia lĭthŏtŏmĭa, ae, f., = λιθοτομία, lithotomy, the cutting out of a stone from the bladder, cael. Aur. Tard. 5, 4, 77.
liticen lĭtĭcen, ĭnis, m.lituus-cano, a clarionblower, trumpeter: tubicines a tuba et canendo, similiter liticines,Varr. L. L. 5, § 91 Müll.: liticines et tubicines, Cato ap. Gell. 20, 2: notus Hectoris armis,i. e.
litigator lītĭgātor, ōris, m.id., one engaged in a dispute, a disputant. In gen., Plin. praef. § 32: litigatores furiosi,Lact. 3, 8 init. (al. litigationes, v. litigatio). In partic., a party in a lawsuit, a litigant: litigator rusticus illitteratusque de sua causa melius, quam orator, qui nescit, quid in lite sit, dicet,Quint. 2, 21, 16: ne omnia testimonia expetat a litigatore,id. 10, 1, 34; Tac. A. 13, 42; Plin. Pan. 80; Gai. Inst. 4, 42; 105 et saep.
litigatus lītĭgātus, ūs, m.id., a lawsuit, process: in hoc litigatu,Quint. Decl. 6, 19.
litiger lītĭger, ĕra, ĕrum, adj.lis-gero, belonging to legal process: fasces (consulum),Anthol. Lat. 6, 86 (295), 19.
litigiosus lītĭgĭōsus, a, um, adj.litigium, full of disputes, quarrelsome. Lit.: fora,Ov. F. 4, 188: disputatio,Cic. Fin. 5, 26, 76.Fond of disputes, contentious, litigious: homo minime litigiosus,Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 14, § 37: duae anus, quibus nihil litigiosius,Sid. Ep. 8, 3: homines pertinacissimi et litigiosissimi,Aug. Ep. 68.Transf., of the object of dispute, disputed: praediolum,Cic. de Or. 3, 27, 106. Esp. of the subject of a lawsuit, contested, claimed: de rebus litigiosis et convenire et transigere possumus,Paul. Sent. 1, 2, 5: fundum litigiosum emere,Gai. Inst. 4, 117: pecora,Paul. Sent. 5, 18, 3. Adv.: lītĭgĭōsē, contentiously, Aug. c. Duas Epp. Pel. 3, 4, 13.
litigium lītĭgĭum, i, n.litigo, a dispute, quarrel, strife (ante-class.): nam ego aliquid contrahere cupio litigii inter eos duos,Plaut. Cas. 3, 2, 31: cum viro litigium natum,id. Men. 5, 2, 15: litigium tibist cum uxore,id. ib. 1, 2, 42. Esp., litigation: litigii seminarium propagare, Vet. Jurec. Consult. 7, 1 Huschke.
litigo lītĭgo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. n.litem ago, to dispute, quarrel, strive. In gen.: qua de re litigatis inter vos?Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 16: Hirtium cum Quinctio acerrime litigasse,Cic. Att. 13, 37, 2; Juv. 6, 35. Prov.: litigare cum ventis, to give one's self useless trouble: cum ventis litigo,Petr. 83; cf.: miraris, quererisque, litigasque,Mart. 11, 35, 3. In partic., to sue at law, litigate, Cic. Fam. 9, 25, 3; id. Cael. 11, 27; Juv. 7, 141: effectum est ut per concepta verba, id est, per formulas litigaremus, Gai. Inst. 4, 30. Impers. pass.: litigatur,
lito lĭto, āvi, ātum, 1, v. n. and a., to make an offering which exhibits favorable prognostics, to sacrifice under favorable auspices, to obtain favorable omens. Lit.Neutr.: si istuc umquam factum est, tum me Juppiter Faciat, ut semper sacrificem nec umquam litem,Plaut. Poen. 2, 41: nec auspicato, nec litato instruunt aciem,
without favorable omens
,Liv. 5, 38: Manlium egregie litasse,id. 8, 9, 1: non facile litare,id. 27, 23; 29, 10, 6; Suet. Caes. 81; curt. 7, 7, 29: impia tam saeve gesturus bella litasti,Luc. 7, 171. Prov.: mola tantum salsa litant, qui non habent tura, i. e. a man can give no more than he has, Plin. praef. § 11. With dat.: cum pluribus dis immolatur, qui tandem evenit, ut litetur aliis, aliis non litetur,Cic. Div. 2, 17, 38: litatum est ei deo,Plin. 10, 28, 40, § 75. With abl.: proximā hostiā litatur saepe pulcherrime,Cic. Div. 2, 15, 36; so Plin. 8, 45, 70, § 183: humanis hostiis,Tac. G. 9. Of the victim itself, to give a favorable omen, promise a successful event: victima Diti patri caesa litavit,Suet. Oth. 8; id. Aug. 96: non quacunque manu victima caesa litat,Mart. 10, 73, 6.Transf., in gen., to make an offering, offer sacrifice: qui hominem immolaverint, exve ejus sanguine litaverint ... capite puniuntur,Paul. Sent. 5, 23, 16.Act., to offer acceptably (poet. and in post-class. prose): exta litabat ovis,Prop. 4 (5), 1, 24.sacra bove,Ov. F. 4, 630: sacris litatis,Verg. A. 4, 50: sacris ex more litatis,Ov. M. 14, 156: Phoebe, tibi enim haec sacra litavi,Stat. Th. 10, 338: tibi litavi hoc sacrum,Luc. 1, 632: diis sanguinem humanum,Flor. 3, 4, 2: hostias,Just. 20, 2, 14.Trop.To bring an offering to, to make atonement to, to propitiate, appease, satisfy: litemus Lentulo, parentemus Cethego,Cic. Fl. 38, 96: publico gaudio,Plin. Pan. 52, 4: aliquid poenā, Auct. B. Hisp. 24. Impers. pass.: sanguine quaerendi reditus, animāque litandum Argolicā,Verg. A. 2, 118: postquam litatum est Ilio Phoebus redit,Sen. Agm. 577: de alicujus sanguine legibus,App. M. 2, p. 132 fin.To devote, consecrate: plura non habui, dolor, tibi quae litarem, Sen. Med. fin.: honorem deo,Tert. Patient. 10: victimam,Prud. Cath. 7, 5.
litoralis lītŏrālis, e, adj.3. litus, of or belonging to the sea-shore: dii litorales,
litorosus lītŏrōsus, a, um, adj.id., of or belonging to the shore, on the shore: callais litoroso mari similis,Plin. 37, 10, 56, § 151. Sup.: ager litorosissimus, next the shore, Fab. Maxim. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 1, 3.
littera littĕra (less correctly lītĕra), ae, f.lino, q. v., a letter, a written sign or mark signifying a sound. Lit.: cubitum hercle longis litteris signabo jam usquequaque, si quis, etc.,Plaut. Rud. 5, 2, 7: quid hae locuntur litterae?id. Bacch. 4, 7, 3; cf.: quid istae narrant? Tox. Perconctare ex ipsis; ipsae tibi narrabunt,id. Pers. 4, 3, 29: sus rostro si humi A litteram impresserit,Cic. Div. 1, 13, 23: priscarum litterarum notae,id. ib. 2, 41, 85: maximis litteris incisum,Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 63, § 154 fin.: lenis appellatio litterarum,id. Brut. 74, 159: suavis appellatio litterarum,Quint. 11, 3, 35: quae si nostris litteris scribantur,id. 12, 10, 28 litterarum ordine, in alphabetical order, Plin. 37, 9, 54, § 138: verba primis litteris notare, Prob. de Not. Signif. 1 Huschke: digerere in litteram,
,Plaut. As. 4, 1, 22; Cic. Ac. 2, 2, 6. In the language of comedy: homo trium litterarum, i. e. fur,
a thief
,Plaut. Aul. 2, 4, 46: litteram ex se longam facere, i. e. to make an I by hanging perpendicularly, to hang one's self: neque quicquam meliust mihi, ut opinor, quam ex me ut faciam litteram longam, meum laqueo collum quando obstrinxero,id. ib. 1, 1, 37: littera salutaris, i. e. A. (absolvo) and tristis, i. e. C. (condemno), which were put on the voting-tablets,Cic. Mil. 6, 15.Transf.Sing.A word, a line: ad me litteram numquam misit,Cic. Fam. 2, 17, 6: ad litteram, word for word, literally: locum ad litteram subjeci,Quint. 9, 1, 15.A handwriting: Alexidis manum amabam, quod tam prope accedebat ad similitudinem tuae litterae,Cic. Att. 7, 2, 3; cf.: arguit ipsorum quos littera,Juv. 13, 138 (v. also infra B. 1. fin.). Usually plur.Littĕrae, ārum, f., a letter, epistle: litteras resignare, to unseal or open a letter, Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 65: ut litterarum ego harum sermonem audio,id. Ps. 1, 1, 97; Cic. Att. 1, 13, 1: dare alicui litteras ad aliquem,id. Cat. 3, 4, 9: litteras mittere,id. Att. 5, 21, 2: reddere alicui,id. ib. 5, 21, 4: accipere,id. ib. 5, 21, 7: remittere,id. ib. 11, 16, 4: nullas iis praeterquam ad te et ad Brutum dedi litteras,id. Fam. 3, 7, 1: queri apud aliquem per litteras,id. Att. 5, 21, 13: invitare aliquem perlitteras id. ib. 13, 2, 2: civitatum animos litteris temptare,Caes. B. C. 1, 40, 1: litterae missae, a letter sent by a person: litterae allatae, a letter received: hence, liber litterarum missarum et allatarum, a letter-book: L. M. (i. e. litterae missae) ... L. A. (i. e. litterae allatae), etc.,Cic. Font. 4, 8; Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 71, § 167. In poets also sometimes in sing.: quam legis a rapta Briseide littera venit,Ov. H. 3, 1; 5, 2; id. M. 9, 515; Tib. 3, 2, 27; Mart. 10, 73 al.A writing, document, paper: litterae publicae,Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 63, § 140; 2, 4, 16, § 35; esp. a written acknowledgment: littera poscetur,Ov. A. A. 1, 428.An account-book: ratio omnis et litterae,Cic. Quint. 11, 37; Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 12, § 27.An edict, ordinance: praetoris litterae,Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 22, § 56: litteras revocavit,
letter of appointment, commission
,Suet. Vesp. 8. Written monuments, records, literature: abest historia litteris nostris,
,id. Div. 2, 2, 5: genus hoc scriptionis nondum satis Latinis litteris illustratae,id. Brut. 64, 228; id. Tusc. 1, 1, 1; id. Fin. 1, 2, 4: Graecis litteris studere,id. Brut. 20, 78: damnum Hortensii interitu Latinae litterae fecerunt,id. ib. 33, 125: nullam artem litteris sine interprete et sine aliqua exercitatione percipi posse,
litterate littĕrātē (lītĕr-), adv., v. litteratus fin.
litteratio littĕrātio (lītĕr-), ōnis, f.littera, instruction in reading and writing, Varr. ap. Aug. de Ordin. 2, 12; Mart. Cap. 3, § 229; Isid. Orig. 1, 3.
litterator littĕrātor (lītĕr-), ōris, m.id.. * A teacher of reading and writing, an elementary instructor: litterator ruditatem eximit, grammaticus doctrinā instruit,App. Flor. p. 363, 5.Transf., a grammarian, critic, philologist, Cat. 14, 9; Mart. Cap. 3, § 229; cf. Kopp ad loc. In opp. to litteratus (a man of real learning), a smatterer, sciolist: alter litterator fuit, alter litteras sciens,Gell. 18, 9, 2; cf. id. 16, 6: Suet. Gram. 4.
litteratorius littĕrātōrĭus (lītĕr-), a, um, adj.litterator, grammatical: eruditio,Tert. Idol. 10. The fem. not to be used as a substantive: grammatice litteratura est, non litteratrix, quemadmodum oratrix: nec litteratoria, quemadmodum oratoria,Quint. 2, 14, 3.
litteratrix littĕrātrix, v. litteratorius.
litteratulus littĕrātŭlus (lītĕr-), a, um, adj. dim. [litteratus], somewhat learned, Hier. ad Ruf. 1, n. 31.
litteratura littĕrātūra (lītĕr-), ae, f.litterae. A writing formed of letters: litteratura constat ex notis litterarum et ex eo, in quo imprimuntur illae notae,Cic. Part. 7, 26. * Transf.: Graeca,
the Greek alphabet
,Tac. A. 11, 13.The science of language, grammar, philology: grammatice, quam in Latinum transferentes litteraturam vocaverunt,Quint. 2, 1, 4; cf. id. 2, 14, 3: prima illa litteratura, per quam pueris elementa traduntur,Sen. Ep. 88, 20.Learning, erudition: saecularis,Tert. Spect. 18.
litteratus littĕrātus (lītĕr-), a, um, adj.littera, lettered, i. e. Lit., marked with letters, branded: ensiculus,Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 112: securicula,id. ib. 115: urna,id. ib. 2, 5, 21: laminae,App. M. 3, p. 137, 7: laciniae auro litteratae,id. ib. 6, 174, 28: servus,
a branded slave
,Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 49; cf.: homunculi frontes litterati,App. M. 9, p. 222, 30.Transf.Learned, liberally educated: Canius nec infacetus et satis litteratus,Cic. Off. 3, 14, 58: et litteratus et disertus,id. Brut. 21, 81; id. Mur. 7, 16: servi,id. Brut. 22, 87: quibus ineptiis nec litteratior fit quisquam nec melior,Sen. Q. N. 4, 13, 1. Esp. of the learned expounders of the poets: quem litteratissimum fuisse judico,Cic. Fam. 9, 16, 4: appellatio grammaticorum Graecā consuetudine invaluit: sed initio litterati vocabantur,Suet. Gram. 4.Of or belonging to learning, learned: quid est enim dulcius otio litterato,
learned leisure
,Cic. Tusc. 5, 36, 105: senectus,id. Brut. 76, 265: labor,App. Mag. 4, p. 276, 8. Hence, adv.: lit-tĕrātē. With plain letters, in a clear hand: rationes perscriptae scite et litterate,Cic. Pis. 25, 61.Transf.To the letter, literally: litterate respondere,Cic. Harusp. Resp. 8, 17.Learnedly, scientifically, elegantly, cleverly: scriptorum veterum litterate peritus,
litterio littĕrĭo (lītĕr-), ōnis, m.litterae, a language-master, in a contemptuous sense: appellare (aliquem) loquacem talpam, et purpuratam simiam, et litterionem Graecum,Amm. 17, 11, 1; so, Graecus, Aug. adv. Leg. et Proph. 1, § 52.
litterosus littĕrōsus (lītĕr-), a, um, adj.id., literary, learned in letters: homo mere litterosus, Cass. Hem. ap. Non. 133, 6.
litterula littĕrŭla (lītĕr-), ae, f.dim.littera. A little letter, Cic. Att. 6, 9, 1: accepi tuam epistolam vacillantibus litterulis,id. Fam. 16, 15, 2.Transf.: litterulae, ārum. A short letter, a note: hoc litterularum exaravi,Cic. Att. 12, 1, 1.Grammatical knowledge, literary learning, liberal studies: quem propter litterularum nescio quid libenter vidi,Cic. Att. 7, 2, 8: litterulae meae oblanguerunt,id. Fam. 16, 10, 2; 5, 21, 2: litterulis Graecis imbutus,Hor. Ep. 2, 27.
littus littus, v. litus.
Litubium Litubĭum, i, n., a town in Liguria, Liv. 32, 29.
litura lĭtūra, ae, f.lino, a smearing, anointing. In gen.: solem etiam et pluviam arcet ejusmodi litura,Col. 4, 24, 6. In partic. Lit., a rubbing or smearing of the wax on a writing-tablet, in order to erase something written; hence, a blotting out, erasure, correction: unius nominis litura,Cic. Arch. 5, 9.Transf. Concr., a passage erased, an erasure: videtis extremam partem nominis demersam esse in litura,Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 78, § 191: litterae lituraeque omnes assimilatae,id. ib. 2, 2, 77, § 189: carmen multā liturā coërcere,Hor. A. P. 292.A blot, blur made in a writing: haec erit e lacrimis facta litura meis,Prop. 4 (5), 3, 4.littera suffusas quod habet maculosa lituras,Ov. Tr. 3, 1, 15.A wrinkle: cum corpus nulla litura notet,Mart. 7, 18, 2.Trop., an alteration: nec ulla in decretis ejus litura sit,Sen. Vit. Beat. 8, 2.
liturarius lĭtūrārĭus, a, um, adj.litura, of or for rubbing out. Only as subst.: * lĭtū-rārii, ōrum, m. (sc. libri), books kept for the first rough drafts of writings, blotters (so called from the erasures made in them), Aus. praef. Idyll. 13.
liturgus līturgus, i, m., = λειτουργός, one who fills a public office, a servant of the state, Cod. Th. 11, 24, 6. In gen., an attendant, Mart. Cap. 2, 45.
lituro lĭtūro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.litura, to rub or blot out, erase: liturasse aliqua,Sid. Ep. 9, 3; Inscr. Orell. 4405.
litus lĭtus, a, um, Part., from lino.
litus lĭtus, ūs, m.lino, a smearing, besmearing, anointing: litu,Plin. 33, 6, 35, § 110 (Cels. 6, 6, 20, instead of litum we should read lenitum; v. Targa, ad loc.).
litus lītus (not littus), ŏris, n.cf. λίμνη, λειμών, λιμήν; and lino,
lituus lĭtŭus, i (gen. plur. lituum, Luc. 1, 237; Val. Fl. 6, 166; Sil. 13, 146), m.prob. Etruscan; prim. signif. crooked. Lit.The crooked staff borne by the augurs, an augur's crook or crosier, augural wand: dextra manu baculum sine nodo aduncum tenens, quem lituum appellaverunt,Liv. 1, 18, 7; cf.: lituus iste vester, quod clarissimum est insigne auguratus,Cic. Div. 1, 17. 30; Geh. 5, 7, 8: Quirinalis,Verg. A. 7, 187: lituo pulcher trabeaque Quirinus,Ov. F. 6, 375.A crooked wind-instrument (used to give signals in war), a curved trumpet, cornet, clarion: lituus sonitus effudit acutos, Enn. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 116 Müll. (Ann. v. 522 Vahl.); Verg. A. 6, 167: jam lituus pugnae signa daturus erat,Ov. F. 3, 216: lituo tubae Permixtus sonitus,Hor. C. 1, 1, 23: stridor lituum clangorque tubarum,Luc. 1, 237: cornua cum lituis audita,Juv. 14, 200.Transf., a signal: de lituis, βοώπιδος, Cic. Att. 2, 12, 2.Trop., an instigator, author: lituus meae profectionis,Cic. Att. 11, 12, 1.
livedo līvēdo, ĭnis, f.liveo, blueness, lividness, produced by bruises, blows, etc.: homunculi vibicibus livedinis totam cutem depicti,App. M. 9, p. 222, 26.
livens līvens, entis, Part. and P. a., from liveo.
liventer līventer, adv., v. liveo, P. a., A. fin.
liveo līvĕo, ēre, v. n.for pliveo; Gr. πελιός, πελλός, dark-blue; cf.: pullus, pallidus, to be of a bluish color, black and blue, livid: livent rubigine dentes,Ov. M. 2, 776: livere catenis,Prop. 4 (5), 7, 65.Trop., to be envious, to envy (mostly poet. for invideo). Absol.: livet Carinus, rumpitur, furit, plorat,Mart. 8, 61, 1; Stat. Th. 11, 211. With dat., to envy: livere iis, qui eloquentiam exercent,Tac. A. 13, 42: qui mihi livet,Mart. 6, 86, 6; 11, 94, 1. Hence, lī-vens, entis, P. a.Bluish, lead-colored, black and blue, livid: plumbum,Verg. A. 7, 687: pruna,Ov. M. 13, 817: crura compedibus,id. Am. 2, 2, 47: oculi in morte,Stat. Th. 1, 617: venenum,Sil. 2, 707.Envious: quid imprecabor, o Severe, liventi?Mart. 8, 61, 8. Adv.: līventer, lividly, Paul. Petr. 4, 192.
livesco līvesco, ĕre, v. n., to turn black and blue, become livid: digiti,Lucr. 3, 528; Scrib. Comp. 181.Trop., to envy, be envious: nec enim livescere fas est,Claud. Rapt. Pros. 3, 27.
Livia Līvĭa, v. Livius.
Livianus Līvĭānus, a, um, v. Livius, B.
livide līvĭdē, adv., v. lividus fin.
lividinans līvĭdinans, antis, adj.lividus, envious: ipse Paris dearum lividinantium judex,Petr. 138 dub. (al. libidinantium; al. litigantium).
livido līvĭdo, āre, v. a.id., to render livid: pallore vultum,Paul. Nol. Carm. 21, 619.
lividulus līvĭdŭlus, a, um, adj. dim. [id.], somewhat envious: quibus invideas si lividulus sis,Juv. 11, 110.
lividus līvĭdus, a, um, adj.liveo, of a blue or leaden color, bluish, blue. Lit.: vada,Verg. A. 6, 320: lividissima vorago,Cat. 17, 11: racemi,Hor. C. 2, 5, 10. Esp., produced by beating, bruising, etc., black and blue, livid: livida armis Bracchia,Hor. C. 1, 8, 10: ora livida facta,Ov. H. 20, 82; Plin. 24, 11, 55, § 93.Transf., making livid, i. e. deadly: livida materno fervent adipata veneno,Juv. 6, 631.Trop., envious, invidious, spiteful, malicious. Of persons: invidi et malevoli et lividi,Cic. Tusc. 4, 12, 28 (dub.): nos nostraque lividus odit,Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 89. Of inanim. and abstr. things: lingua,Ov. F. 1, 74: obliviones (because forgetfulness robs the deserving of the praise which is his due),Hor. C. 4, 9, 33: sententia,
Livilla Līvilla, ae, f.dim.Livia, the daughter of Germanicus and Agrippina, and sister of Caligula, Suet. Calig. 7.
Livius Līvĭus, i, m. (-a, ae, f.), name of a Roman gens. So, M. Livius Andronicus, the first Roman tragic poet, Cic. Brut. 18, 72; Liv. 7, 2, 8: T. Livius,
livor līvor, ōris, m.liveo, bluish color, leaden color, a black and blue spot. Lit.: jam livorem tute scapulis istoc concinnas tuis,Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 19: livore decoloratum corpus mortui,Auct. Her. 2, 5, 8: ostendere nigram in facie tumidis livoribus offam,Juv. 16, 11; Quint. 2, 21, 19; cf. id. 5, 9, 1; 11; 5, 10, 46: illinitur livoribus,Plin. 20, 22, 87, § 240. Of a speck or taint in fruit: uva conspectā livorem ducit ab uva,Juv. 2, 81: tum sucos herbasque dedi queis livor abiret,Tib. 1, 6, 13.Trop., envy, spite, malice, ill-will (mostly poet. and post-Aug. for invidia): summā malevolentiā et livore impediuntur, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 10, 1: obtrectatio et livor,Tac. H. 1, 1: pascitur in vivis livor; post fata quiescit,Ov. Am. 1, 15, 39: ergo submotum patriā proscindere, livor, Desine,id. P. 4, 16, 47: rumpere, livor edax,id. R. Am. 389: cupidus,Prop. 1, 8, 29: livor ac malignitas,Suet. Calig. 34; Plin. Pan. 3, 4; 58, 5.
lix lix, līcis, m., ashes, lye: lix est cinis vel umor cineri admixtus: nam etiamnum id genus lixivium vocatur,Non. 62, 11.
lixa lixa, ae, m.perh. linquo, a sutler: non lixa sequebatur,Liv. 39, 1: lixae modo sine insignibus, sine lictoribus, profectum,id. 21, 63: lixarum in modum negotiari,id. 5, 8: lixae ac negotiatores,Tac. A. 2, 62.Transf. In plur.: lixae, camp-followers, consisting of sutlers, cooks, servants, etc.: lixas e castris submovit,Val. Max. 2, 7, 2: lixae permixti cum militibus,Sall. J. 44: ne lixae exercitum sequerentur,id. ib. 45: agmini totidem lixas habenti quot milites,Quint. 8, 6, 42; Justin. 38, 10, 2.An attendant on a magistrate, App. M. 1, p. 113, 22.
lixabundus lixābunduslixa, journeying at pleasure: iter libere ac prolixe faciens, Paul. ex Fest. p. 116 Müll.; cf.: lixabundus ambulat, qui voluptatis causā ambulat, Gloss. Isid.: Pinacium tam lixabundum currere,Plaut. Stich. 2, 1, 15 Fleck.; v. Ritschl ad h. l.