the knights who were made judges by a law of C. Gracchus
,Cic. Brut. 34, 128: tumultus,Val. Max. 1, 1: mala,Sen. Brev. Vit. 6.Grac-chūris, ĭdis, f., a town in Spain founded by Ti. Sempronius Gracchus: Ti. Sempronius Gracchus proconsul Celtiberos victos in deditionem accepit, monumentumque operum suorum Gracchurim oppidum in Hispania constituit,Liv. Ep. 41; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 97 Müll. Hence, Gracchū-rĭtāni, ōrum, m., the inhabitants of Gracchuris, Plin. 3, 3, 4, § 24.
gracilens grăcĭlens, entis, adj.gracilis, slender, thin, for the usual gracilis, Naev. ap. Non. 116, 8; cf. gracilentus.
gracilentus grăcĭlentus, a, um, adj.id., slender, thin (ante- and post-class. for the usual gracilis): filum, Enn. ap. Non. 116, 8 (Ann. v. 259 Vahl.): equus,Gell. 4, 12, 2.
gracilesco grăcĭlesco, ĕre, v. inch. n. [gracilis], to become slender, small (post-class.): obeliscus gracilescens,Amm. 17, 4: pyramidum magnitudo gracilescit paulatim,id. 22, 15.
gracilis grăcĭlis, e (also ante-class. grăcĭlus, a, um, Lucil. ap. Non. 489, 21; plur.: gracilae virgines,Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 22), adj.Sanscr. karc, to be lean; old Lat. cracentes, slender (Enn. Ann. 497 Vahl.); cf. Gr. κολοκάνος, thin, slight, slender, slim; meagre, lean (poet. and in Aug. prose; not in Cic.; but cf. gracilitas; syn.: exilis, tenuis, macer). Physically: in gracili macies crimen habere potest,Ov. R. Am. 328: gracili sic tamque pusillo,Hor. S. 1, 5, 69: quis multa gracilis te puer in rosa, etc.,id. C. 1, 5, 1: puer,Mart. 11, 43, 4: Indi,Juv. 6, 466: capella,Ov. M. 1, 299: equi hominesque paululi et graciles,Liv. 35, 11, 7: arbores succinctioresque,Plin. 16, 10, 17, § 39: resina (opp. pinguis),id. 24, 6, 22, § 33: gracilis et ejuncida vitis,id. 17, 22, 35, § 173: folium,id. 19, 8, 54, § 171: comae et lanuginis instar,Ov. Am. 1, 14, 23: stamen,id. M. 6, 54: catena,id. ib. 4, 176; cf.: vinculum auri,Petr. 126: cacumen,Ov. M. 10, 140: coronae,Juv. 12, 87: viae petauri,Mart. 2, 86, 7; cf. rima,App. M. 4, p. 149: libellus,Mart. 8, 24, 1: umbra,Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 86: spuma,Vulg. Sap. 5, 15. Comp.: glans brevior et gracilior,Plin. 16, 6, 8, § 19. Sup.: fuit (Nero) ventre projecto, gracillimis cruribus,Suet. Ner. 51.Transf., opp. to fat or rich, meagre, scanty, poor (post-Aug.): ager,Plin. 17, 22, 35, § 187: clivi,Col. 2, 4, 11: vindemiae,Plin. Ep. 9, 20, 2; 8, 15, 1: gracili Lare vivere,App. Mag. p. 287; cf. pauperies,id. M. 9, p. 219.Trop., of style, simple, plain, unadorned (poet. and in post-Aug. prose): materiae gracili sufficit ingenium. Ov. P. 2, 5, 26; cf.: lusimus, Octavi, gracili modulante Thalia,Verg. Cul. 1: et in carmine et in soluta oratione genera dicendi probabilia sunt tria, quae Graeci χαρακτῆρας vocant nominaque eis fecerunt ἁδρόν, ἰσχνόν, μέσον. Nos quoque, quem primum posuimus, uberem vocamus, secundum gracilem, tertium mediocrem. Uberi dignitas atque amplitudo est: gracili venustas et subtilitas: medius in confinio est utriusque modi particeps, etc.,Gell. 7, 14, 1 sq.; cf.: inter gracile validumque tertium aliquid constitutum est,Quint. 12, 10, 66: praefationes tersae, graciles, dulces,Plin. Ep. 2, 3, 1. Of the speaker: non possumus esse tam graciles, simus fortiores,Quint. 12, 10, 36. Hence, adv.: grăcĭlĭter, slenderly.Lit., App. M. 3, p. 130.Trop.: alia ornatius, alia gracilius esse dicenda,
gracilitas grăcĭlĭtas, ātis, f.gracilis, slenderness, thinness, leanness, meagreness.Lit. (class.; syn.: macies, subtilitas): erat eo tempore in nobis summa gracilitas et infirmitas corporis,Cic. Brut. 91, 313: cervicis et crurum,Suet. Calig. 50: crurum,id. ib. 3; id. Dom. 18: digitalis (vitis),Plin. 14, 3, 4, § 40; cf.: papyrum in gracilitatem fastigatum,id. 13, 11, 22, § 71. Plur.: habet certos sui studiosos (Lysias), qui non tam habitus corporis opimos, quam gracilitates consectentur,Cic. Brut. 16, 64.Trop., of style, simplicity, plainness, want of ornament (post-Aug.): quid Periclea? similemne credimus Lysiacae gracilitati?Quint. 12, 10, 24; cf.: exempla in Latina lingua M. Varro esse dicit ubertatis Pacuvium, gracilitatis Lucilium, mediocritatis Terentium,Gell. 7, 14, 6 (v. the whole 14th chap.): pressa illa narrationis,Quint. 4, 3, 2; 1, 9, 2.
graciliter grăcĭlĭter, adv., v. gracilis fin.
gracilitudo grăcĭlĭtūdo, ĭnis, f.gracilis, slenderness, for the class. gracilitas, Att. ap. Non. 116, 6 (Fragm. Trag. v. 88 Rib.).
gracillo gracillo, āre, v. n., to cackle or cluck as a hen: cucurrire solet gallus, gallina gracillat, Auct. Carm. Philom. 25.
gracilus grăcĭlus, a, um, v. gracilis init.
graculus grācŭlus (gracc-), i, m.from its note gra gra, Quint. 1, 6, 37; Isid. Orig. 12, 7, 45, a jackdaw, Corvus monedula, Linn.; Plin. 11, 37, 79, § 201; 11, 47, 107, § 256; 8, 27, 41, § 101; Phaedr. 1, 3, 4; Mart. 1, 116, 6. Prov. Vetus adagium est: Nihil cum fidibus graculo, i. e. ignorant personshave nothing to do with poetry, Gell. N. A. praef. § 19. Graculus Aesopi, i. e. one who decks himself out in borrowed plumes, makes a fine show with other people's property, Tert. adv. Val. 12 (cf. Phaedr. 1, 3).
gradalis grădālis, e, adj.gradus, step by step (post-class.): pugna,Diom. p. 473 P.
gradarius grădārĭus, a, um, adj.id., of or belonging to steps, going or proceeding step by step (very rare; not in Cic.). Lit.: equus gradarius, a pacer, ambler, Lucil. ap. Non. 17, 25: pugna,Diom. p. 473 P.Trop., of a deliberate speaker: Cicero quoque noster gradarius fuit,Sen. Ep. 40, 11.
gradatim grădātim, adv.id., step by step, by degrees, little by little, gradually (class.; syn.: sensim, paulatim, pedetentim): nihil ita pedetentim et gradatim tum accessus a te ad causam facti, tum recessus, ut, etc.,Cic. Fam. 9, 14, 7: gradatim ascendere,id. de Or. 3, 61, 227; cf. id. Part. 15, 54: quid opus erat te gradatim istuc pervenire? Sumpsisses tuo jure. Quid autem est istuc gradatim?id. N. D. 1, 32, 89; cf.: gradatim respondens,id. Tusc. 1, 24, 57: ad pauciores deducere,id. ib. 2, 65, 164: cum gradatim sursum versus reditur,id. Or. 39, 135: captiosissimo genere interrogationis utuntur, cum aliquid minutatim et gradatim additur aut demitur,id. Ac. 2, 16, 49; Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 4; Plin. 33, 4, 21, § 76: quos non una ut dicitur pertica, sed distincte gradatimque tractavi,Plin. Ep. 8, 2, 8; Gell. 14, 7, 9: amicos habere, by gradations, i. e. of different grades, Plin. Ep. 2, 6, 2.
gradatio grădātĭo, ōnis, f.id.. * Lit., the making of a staircase or series of steps, as in a theatre: lapideis et marmoreis copiis gradationes (theatri) ab substructione fieri debent,
the seats ascending by gradations
,Vitr. 5, 3.Trop., rhet. t. t., a gradation or climax in speaking, Gr. κλῖμαξ: gradatio est, in qua non ante ad consequens verbum descenditur, quam ad superius conscensum est, hoc modo: Nam quae reliqua spes manet libertatis, si illis et quod libet, licet; et quod licet, possunt; et quod possunt, audent; et quod audent, faciunt; et quod faciunt, vobis molestum non est? etc.,Auct. Her. 4, 25, 34; Cic. de Or. 3, 54, 207; Quint. 9, 1, 34; 9, 3, 54; Isid. 2, 21, 4.
gradatus grădātus, a, um, adj.id., furnished with steps (post-Aug.): densis gradatisque corticum pollicibus ut orbibus,Plin. 13, 4, 7, § 29; Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 17.
gradilis grădĭlis, e, adj.id., of or belonging to steps (post-class.): templum Genii,
having steps
,Amm. 23, 1: panis, from the steps, i. e. distributed to the poor from an elevated place, Cod. Th. 14, 17, 3 sq. (for which: quem panis alit gradibus dispensus ab altis,Prud. adv. Symm. 1, 584; 2, 948); Schol. Juv. 7, 174.
gradior grădĭor, gressus, 3, v. dep. n. [Sanscr. kra-, kram, to go; Goth. skrei-tan; Germ. schreiten, Schritt], to take steps, to step, walk, go (rare but class.; cf.: eo, grassor, incedo, vado, pergo, etc.): jam vero alia animalia gradiendo, alia serpendo ad pastum accedunt, alia volando, alia nando, etc.,Cic. N. D. 2, 47, 122; cf.: quasdam (bestias) esse gradientes,id. Tusc. 5, 13, 38: si graderere tantum, quantum loquere, jam esses ad forum,Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 138: si maledicetis, vostro gradiar limite,id. Poen. 3, 3, 19: inde auctumnus adit, graditur simul Euhius Euan,Lucr. 5, 743: longe gradientem et dira frementem Ut videre,Verg. A. 10, 572; cf.: gradiens ingenti passu,Ov. M. 13, 776: induiturque aures lente gradientis aselli,id. ib. 11, 179: si quo hic gradietur, pariter progrediminor,Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 70: fidenti animo gradietur ad mortem,Cic. Tusc. 1, 46, 110: pariter gressi per opaca viarum,Verg. A. 6, 633; cf. Ov. M. 2, 80. With a homogeneous object: uterque sexus (mulus et mula) viam recte graditur,Col. 6, 37, 11.Poet. transf., of inanim. and abstr. things: ut nubes paulatim repit et omne qua graditur conturbat,Lucr. 6, 1122: radit vox fauces saepe, facitque asperiora foras gradiens arteria clamor (corresp. to ire foras primordia vocum),id. 4, 529.Trop., of the conduct of life, to walk, live, conduct one's self (eccl. Lat.): cum sapientibus,Vulg. Prov. 13, 20: in superbia,id. Dan. 4, 34 al
Gradivicola Grādīvĭcŏla, ae, m.Gradivus, a worshipper of Mars, Sil. 4, 222.
Gradivus Grādīvus (once Grădīvus, Ov. M. 6, 427), i, m.perh. from gradior, he who steps forth, marches out, a surname of Mars: (Numa) Salios item duodecim Marti Gradivo legit,Liv. 1, 20, 4: rex Gradive,Verg. A. 10, 542: Nymphas venerabar agrestes Gradivumque patrem,id. ib. 3, 35: Homericus,Juv. 13, 113: jure venis, Gradive,Ov. F. 2, 861; Juv. 2, 128; so absol.: Gradivus,id. ib. 3, 677; 5, 556; id. M. 14, 820; 15, 863.
gradus grădus, ūs (archaic gen. sing. graduis, Varr. ap. Non. 494, 17; dat. gradu, Lucil. ap. Fest. s. v. remeligines, p. 276 Müll.), m.kindr. with Sanscr. kram, to go; v. gradior, a step, pace (cf.: gressus, passus, incessus). Lit.: ad hanc conversionem, quae pedibus et gradu non egeret, ingrediendi membra non dedit,Cic. Univ. 6: quaenam vox ex te resonans meo gradu remoram facit? Lucil. l. l.: gradum proferre pedum, Enn. ap. Fest. S. V. PEDUM, p. 249, a Müll. (Trag. v. 248 Vahl.): quo nunc incerta re atque inorata gradum Regredere conare? id. ap. Non. 166, 23 (Trag. v. 12 Vahl.): gradum facere,Cic. de Or. 2, 61, 249: tollere gradum,Plaut. Bacch. 3, 6, 6: ad forum suspenso gradu placide ire perrexi,Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 27: quieto et placido gradu sequi,Phaedr. 2, 7, 6; cf., on the contrary: celeri gradu Eunt uterque,Plaut. Trin. 3, 1, 22: ut tu es gradibus grandibus,id. Ep. 1, 1, 11: citato gradu in hostem ducere,Liv. 28, 14, 17: concito gradu properare,Phaedr. 3, 2, 11: gradum celerare,
,Liv. 4, 32, 10; 34, 15, 3; 34, 16, 2; cf.: militari gradu viginti milia passuum horis quinque dumtaxat aestivis conficienda sunt; pleno autem gradu, qui citatior est, totidem horis XXIV. milia peragenda sunt,Veg. 1, 9: modico gradu,Liv. 30, 5, 3: presso gradu, = βάδην, with measured step, a moderate pace, id. 28, 14, 14: citato gradu,id. 28, 14, 17; Trebon. ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 16, 2: non gradu, sed praecipiti cursu a virtute descitum, ad vitia transcursum, step by step, = gradatim, Vell. 2, 1, 1: per gradus,Ov. M. 2, 354.Trop., a step, stage, degree: quem mortis timuit gradum,
pace
,
approach
,Hor. C. 1, 3, 17: hunc quasi gradum quendam atque aditum ad cetera factum intelligitis,Cic. Agr. 2, 15, 38; cf.: itaque majoribus nostris in Africam ex hac provincia gradus imperii factus est,Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 1, § 3; Quint. 3, 6, 8; so, Crassus Licinius nec consul nec praetor ante fuerat, quam censor est factus: ex aedilitate gradum censuram fecit,Liv. 27, 6, 17; 6, 35, 2 Drak.: hunc gradum mei reditus esse, quod mulieres revertissent,
a step towards my return
,Cic. Att. 7, 23, 2; cf. Liv. 6, 42, 2: notitiam primosque gradus vicinia fecit: Tempore crevit amor,Ov. M. 4, 59; cf. Prop. 1, 13, 8: cum consuleretur, quid sentiret, Non possum, inquit, tibi dicere: nescio enim quid de gradu faciat: tamquam de essedario interrogaretur,i. e.
of the Peripatetics
,Sen. Ep. 29: etsi spondeus, quod est e longis duabus, hebetior videtur et tardior, habet tamen stabilem quendam et non expertem dignitatis gradum,
pace
,Cic. Or. 64, 216.Transf. In milit. and gladiator's lang., station, position, ground taken by a combatant: obnisos vos (velim) stabili gradu impetum hostium excipere,Liv. 6, 12, 8; cf. Tac. H. 2, 35: de gradu libero ac stabili conari,Liv. 34, 39, 3: in suo quisque gradu obnixi, urgentes scutis, sine respiratione ac respectu pugnabant,id. 8, 38, 11: inque gradu stetimus, certi non cedere,Ov. M. 9, 43: hostes gradu demoti,Liv. 6, 32, 8 Drak. N. cr.; for which: turbare ac statu movere,id. 30, 18, 4.Trop., a firm position or stand: corda virum mansere gradu,i. e.
firm
,
steadfast
,Sil. 16, 21: fortis et constantis est, non perturbari in rebus asperis, nec tumultuantem de gradu deici, ut dicitur,
to let one's self be disconcerted
,Cic. Off. 1, 23, 80; cf.: dejectus de gradu,id. Att. 16, 15, 3: motus gradu, Sen. Const. Sap. 19: gradu depulsus,Nep. Them. 5, 1; cf.: nam si gradum, si caritatem filii apud te haberem,Liv. 40, 9, 3.That on which one steps, a step or round of a ladder, a stair.Lit. (usu. in plur.): quemadmodum scalarum gradus si alios tollas, alios incidas, etc., Caecin. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 3: haerent parietibus scalae, postesque sub ipsos Nituntur gradibus,Verg. A. 2, 443: gradus templorum,Cic. Att. 4, 1, 5: gradus ejusdem templi tollebantur,id. Sest. 15, 34; cf.: aerea cui (templo) gradibus surgebant limina,Verg. A. 1, 448; Vell. 2, 3, 1: pro Palatii gradibus,Suet. Ner. 8; id. Vit. 15: praeceps per gradus ire,id. Calig. 35: si gradibus trepidatur ab imis,Juv. 3, 200.Sing.: cum dextro pede primus gradus ascenditur,Vitr. 3, 3.Transf., of things that rise by steps. In hair-dressing, a braid of hair: caput in gradus atque anulos comptum,Quint. 12, 10, 47: comam in gradus frangere,id. 1, 6, 44; cf.: coma in gradus formata,Suet. Ner. 51. In econom. lang., a spit or such a depth of earth as can be dug at once with the spade, Col. 3, 13, 19; 4, 1, 3. In math., a degree of a circle, Manil. 1, 579. In veterin. lang., a wrinkle on the roof of a horse's mouth, Veg. Vet. 1, 2; 32; 4, 2.Trop., a step, degree in tones, in age, relationship, rank, etc. (equally common in sing. and plur.): ille princeps variabit et mutabit, omnes sonorum tum intendens tum remittens persequetur gradus,Cic. Or. 18, 59; cf. id. de Or. 3, 61, 227: ab ima ad summam (vocem) ac retro multi sunt gradus,Quint. 11, 3, 15; cf. Vulg. Psa. 119 Tit. et saep.: Paulatim gradus aetatis scandere adultae,Lucr. 2, 1123; cf.: quod tanta penuria est in omni vel honoris vel aetatis gradu, ut, etc.,Cic. Fam. 3, 11, 3; so, aetatis,Vell. 2, 36, 2; Quint. 3, 7, 15; Suet. Aug. 79; id. Tit. 3 al.: unus gradus et una progenies,Lact. 2, 10, 10: nostri quoque sanguinis auctor Juppiter est, totidemque gradus distamus ab illo,Ov. M. 13, 143; cf.: a matre Magnum Pompeium artissimo contingebat gradu,Suet. Aug. 4; id. Ner. 2: qui (populus) te tam mature ad summum imperium per omnes honorum gradus extulit,Cic. Cat. 1, 11, 28: gradus dignitatis,id. Rep. 1, 27; cf. id. ib. 1, 27fin. Sing.: ex tam alto dignitatis gradu,Cic. Lael. 3, 12 fin.: gradus altior, altissimus, amplissimus, dignitatis,id. Clu. 55, 150; id. Phil. 1, 6, 14; id. Mur. 14, 30; cf. also id. ib. 27, 55: summum in praefectura florentissima gradum tenere et dignitatis et gratiae,id. Planc. 13, 32: a senatorio gradu longe abesse,id. de Imp. Pomp. 21, 61; cf.: ascendens gradibus magistratuum,id. Brut. 81, 281. Without gen.: etenim quis est civis praesertim hoc gradu, quo me vos esse voluistis, tam oblitus beneficii vestri, etc.,id. Phil. 6, 7, 18; id. Ac. 2, 2, 6: omni gradu amplissimo dignissimus,id. Fam. 6, 10, 2: gradus officiorum,id. Off. 1, 45, 160: temporum servantur gradus,id. Part. 4, 12: cf.: non iidem erunt necessitudinum gradus qui temporum,id. Off. 1, 18, 59: gradus cognationis,Dig. 38, 10, 1 sqq.: v. de gradibus,Paul. Sent. 4, 11, 1-8: agnationis,Gai. Inst. 3, 10, 11: si plures eodem gradu sint agnati,Ulp. Fragm. 26, 5: cognati ex transverso gradu usque ad quartum gradum, i. e. collateral kindred (opp. parentes et liberi), id. ib. 5, 6: gradus plures sunt societatis hominum,id. ib. 1, 17, 53: peccatorum gradus,id. Verr. 2, 3, 74, § 172: oratorum aetates et gradus,id. Brut. 32, 122; cf.: gradus et dissimilitudines Atticorum,id. ib. 82, 285: accendendi judicis plures sunt gradus,Quint. 11, 3, 166; 6, 4, 67: nec gradus est ultra Fabios cognominis ullus; Illa domus meritis Maxima dicta suis,Ov. F. 1, 605: si ita esset, quid opus erat te gradatim istuc pervenire? . . . A beatis ad virtutem, a virtute ad rationem video te venisse gradibus,Cic. N. D. 1, 32, 89; cf.: omnes gradus virtutis implere,Lact. 5, 14, 18; and: hi plerumque gradus,Juv. 11, 46.
Graea Graea, ae, f., = Γραῖα, an ancient town in Bœotia, near Oropus (mentioned by Hom. Il. 2, 498), Stat. Th. 7, 332.
Graeae Graeae, ārum, f., = Γραῖαι (old women), daughters of Phorcus (hence Phorcydes) and Ceto, sisters and guardians of the Gorgons, gray-haired from their birth, having but one eye and one tooth among them, Hyg. praef. p. 7 Munck.
Graecalis Graecālis, e, v. Graeci, II. F.
Graecanice Graecānĭce, adv., v. Graecanicus, under Graeci, II. C. fin.
Graecanicus Graecānĭcus, a, um, v. Graeci, II. C.
Graecatim Graecātim, adv., v. Graeci fin. 2.
Graecatus Graecātus, a, um, Part. and P. a., from Graecor.
Graece Graece, adv., v. Graeci, II. A. fin. 1.
Graeci Graeci, ōrum, m., = Γραικοί, the Grecians, Greeks: contendunt Graecos, Graios memorare solent sos, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 301 Müll. (Ann. v. 358 Vahl.): eos septem, quos Graeci sapientes nominaverunt,Cic. Rep. 1, 7: apud Graecos,id. ib. 1, 3, 5; id. Fl. 27, 64: quia Graecorum sunt antiquissima quaeque Scripta vel optima, etc.,Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 28. Sing.: Graecus, i, m., a Greek: processit ille, et Graecus apud Graecos non de culpa sua dixit, etc.,Cic. Fl. 7, 17: ignobilis,Liv. 39, 8, 3: Graecus Graecaque,Plin. 28, 2, 3, § 12. Derivv. Grae-cus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to the Greeks, Greek, Grecian: plus te operae Graecis dedisse rebus video ... deinde nullam Graecarum rerum significationem daret,Cic. de Or. 2, 36, 152 sq.; cf. litterae,id. Brut. 20, 78. In neutr. absol.: Graeca leguntur in omnibus fere gentibus,Cic. Arch. 10, 23: lingua (opp. Latina),id. Fin. 1, 3, 10: ludi,
,Varr. L. L. 10, § 70 Müll.: torcula,Plin. 18, 31, 74, § 317: pavimentum,id. 36, 25, 63, § 188: color,id. 34, 9, 20, § 98: toga, i. e. pallium,Suet. Dom. 4: milites, living in the Greek manner, voluptuously, Vulc. Avid. Cass. 5. Hence, adv.: Graē-cānĭce, in Greek: dicere,Varr. L. L. 9, § 89 Müll.Graecŭlus, a, um, adj. dim., Grecian, Greek (mostly in a depreciating, contemptuous sense): ineptum sane negotium et Graeculum, thorough Greek, Cic. Tusc. 1, 35, 86: motus quidam temerarius Graeculae contionis,id. Fl. 10, 23: cautio chirographi,i. e.
Graecigena Graecĭgĕna, ae, m.Graecus-gigno; cf. Grajugena, a Greek by birth (late Lat.), Aug. Civ. D. 18, 18 fin.
graecisso graecisso (-izo), āre, v. n., = Γραικίζω, to imitate the Greeks, to adopt a Grecian manner or tone: atque adeo hoc argumentum graecissat; tamen Non atticissat; verum sicelissat,Plaut. Men. prol. 7; v. Ritschl ad h. l.: graecizat,Consent. 1063 P.
Graecitas Graecĭtas, ātis, f.Graecus, Greek, the Greek language (post-class.): facundia Graecitatis, Cod. Th. 14, 9, 3.
graecor graecor, ātus, 1, v. dep. n. [Graeci], to imitate the Greeks, live in the Greek manner: si Romana fatigat Militia assuetum Graecari,Hor. S. 2, 2, 11; cf.: congraecor, pergraecor. Hence, * graecātus, a, um, P. a., made or composed in the Greek manner: graecatior epistola,App. Mag. p.329. Plur. as subst.: graecāti, ōrum, m., imitators of the Grecian mode of life, Tert. Pall. 4.
Graecostadium Graecostădĭum, ii, n., perh. i. q. Graecostasis: restitutum post incendium,Capitol. Anton. 8.
Graecostasis Graecostăsis, is, f., = Γραικόστασις (Greek station or place), a building in Rome, near the Curia and Comitium, where at first Grecian and afterwards other foreign ambassadors took up their abode, Varr. L. L. 5, § 155 Müll.; Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 1, 3; Plin. 7, 60, 60, § 212; 33, 1, 6, § 19 al.; cf. Becker's Antiq. I. p. 284.
Graeculio Graecŭlĭo, v. Graeculus, under Graeci, II. D.
gramiae grāmĭae, ārum, f.from γλάμη, a viscous humor, rheum, that collects in the corners of the eyes, Plin. 25, 13, 96, § 155; cf.: gramiae oculorum sunt vitia, quas alii glamas vocant, Paul. ex Fest. p. 96 Müll. N. cr.; cf. Non. 119, 18, and v. gramiosus.
gramineus grāmĭnĕus, a, um, adj.gramen, of grass, covered with grass, grassy. In gen.: campus,Verg. A. 5, 287: palaestrae,id. ib. 6, 642: sedile,id. ib. 8, 176: arae,id. ib. 12, 119: corona obsidionalis, a grass crown presented by those who were delivered from a siege to their deliverer, among the Romans the highest mark of military honor, Liv. 7, 37, 2; cf. Plin. 22, 3, 4, § 6; Gell. 5, 6, 8; cf. Dict. of Antiq. p. 309. In partic., of Indian reed, bamboo: hasta (Minervae),Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 56, § 125.
graminosus grāmĭnōsus, a, um, adj.id., full of grass, grassy: ager,Col. 1 praef. § 25; 7, 9, 8: solum,id. 6 praef. § 1.
gramiosus grāmĭōsus, a, um, adj.gramiae, full of matter or pus: gramiae pituitae oculorum. Caecilius: Gramiosis oculis ipsa,Non. 119, 19 (Com. Fragm. v. 268 Rib.); v. gramiae.
gramma gramma, ae, f., = γραμμή, a line in writing, a stroke of the pen (post-class.), Macr. Somn. Scip. 1, 5; App. Herb. 108.
gramma gramma, ătis, n., = γράμμα, a weight of two oboli, Fann. de Pond. 8; 25.
grammateus grammăteus, ĕos, m., = γραμματεύς, a scribe, secretary (post-class.): unus, quem cuncti grammatea dicebant,App. M. p. 265, 14.
grammatias grammătĭas, ae, m., = γραμματίας, jasper striped with white lines, Plin. 37, 9, 37, § 118 (dub.; Jan. monogrammos).
grammatica grammătĭca, ae, v. 1. grammaticus, II. B.
grammaticalis grammătĭcālis, e, adj.grammatica, of or perlaining to grammar, grammatical: figurae,Sid. Ep. 7, 9: palaestra,id. Carm. 23, 212. Adv.: grammătĭ-cālĭter, grammatically: declinare, Treb. XXX. Tyr. 10, § 5.
grammatice grammătĭce, ës, v. 1. grammaticus, II. B.
grammatice grammătĭcē, adv., v. 1. grammaticus fin.
grammaticomastix grammătĭcŏmastix, īgis, m., = γραμματικομάστιξ, a scourge (i. e. reviler, persecutor) of grammarians, Aus. Idyll. 12in lemm.
grammaticus grammătĭcus, a, um, adj., = γραμματικός, of or belonging to grammar, grammatical: ars,Auct. Her. 4, 12, 17; Quint. 1, 5, 54: possis illud grammaticum, hoc rhetoricum magis dicere,id. 9, 3, 2: grammaticas ambire tribus et pulpita,
the tribes of the grammarians
,Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 40: cum eundem (Tuditanum) de rebus grammaticis scripsisse constet,Varr. L. L. 6, § 36 Müll.Subst.grammătĭcus, i, m., a grammarian in the more extended sense of the word, a philologist: appellatio grammaticorum Graeca consuetudine invaluit: sed initio litterati vocabantur. Cornelius quoque Nepos litteratos vulgo appellari ait eos, qui aliquid diligenter et acute scienterque possint aut dicere aut scribere: ceterum proprie sic appellandos poëtarum interpretes, qui a Graecis γραμματικοι nominentur ... Veteres grammatici et rhetoricam docebant, etc., Suet. Gramm. 4: ut si grammaticum se professus quispiam barbare loquatur,Cic. Tusc. 2, 4, 12; cf.: grammatici custodes Latini sermonis,Sen. Ep. 95 med.: grammatici poëtarum explanatores sunt,Cic. Div. 1, 51, 116; id. Att. 7, 3, 10: hanc ὑπαλλαγὴν rhetores, μετωνυμίαν grammatici vocant, id. Or. 27, 93; Quint. 10, 1, 53; 1, 8, 21; cf. in the foll. the passage Quint. 2, 1, 4, and Cic. de Or. 1, 42, 187: (Ateius) inter grammaticos rhetor, inter rhetores grammaticus,Suet. Gramm. 10. Prov.: grammatici certant,
doctors disagree
,Hor. A. P. 78.grammătĭca, ae, and gram-mătĭce, ēs (the first form in Cicero and Suet., the latter in Quint.), f., = γραμματική, grammar in the wider sense of the term, philology: quamquam ea verba, quibus instituto veterum utimur pro Latinis, ut ipsa philosophia, ut rhetorica, dialectica, grammatica, geometria, musica, quamquam Latine ea dici poterant, tamen, quoniam usu percepta sunt, nostra ducamus,Cic. Fin. 3, 2, 5; id. de Or. 1, 42, 187; cf.: et grammatice (quam in Latinum transferentes litteraturam vocaverunt) fines suos norit, praesertim tantum ab hac appellationis suae paupertate, intra quam primi illi constitere, provecta: nam tenuis a fonte, assumptis poëtarum historicorumque viribus, pleno jam satis alveo fluit, cum praeter rationem recte loquendi non parum alioqui copiosam prope omnium maximarum artium scientiam amplexa sit,Quint. 2, 1, 4; cf. id. 2, 14, 3: grammatica,Suet. Gramm. 1; 2; 3; 6; 8; 24 et saep.: grammatice,Quint. 1, 4, 2 sq.; 1, 5, 1; 1, 8, 12; 1, 10, 17 et saep.grammătĭca, ōrum, n., grammar, philology: in grammaticis poëtarum pertractatio, historiarum cognitio, verborum interpretatio, pronuntiandi quidam sonus,Cic. de Or. 1, 42, 187. Adv.: grammă-tĭce, according to the rules of grammar, grammatically: mihi non invenuste dici videtur, aliud esse Latine, aliud grammatice loqui,Quint. 1, 6, 27.
grammaticus grammătĭcus, i, v. 1. grammaticus, II. A.
grammatista grammătista, ae, m., = γραμματιστής, a teacher of grammar or of languages: sunt qui litteratum a litteratore distinguant, ut Graeci grammaticum a grammatista: et illum quidem absolute, hunc mediocriter doctum existiment,Suet. Gramm. 4; id. ib. 24; Mart. Cap. 3, § 229.
grammatodidascalus grammătŏdĭdascălus, i, m., = γραμματοδιδάσκαλος, i. q. grammatista, a teacher of language, Mart. Cap. 3, § 229 (as Greek, Kopp).
grammatophylacium grammătŏphylăcĭum, ii, n., = γραμματοφυλάκιον, a place for keeping state papers, archives, Dig. 48, 19, 9, § 6.
grammicus grammĭcus, a, um, adj., = γραμμικός, of or belonging to (geometrical) lines, geometrical: rationes,Vitr. 9, 1: deformationes,
grandiloquus grandĭlŏquus, i, m.grandis-loquor, speaking grandly or loftily: et grandiloqui, ut ita dicam, fuerunt cum ampla et sententiarum gravitate et majestate verborum,Cic. Or. 5, 20; cf. Quint. 10, 1, 66: stilus, Serv. Verg. Vit. In a bad sense, grandiloquent: isti grandiloqui (i. e. Stoici),
grandineus grandĭnĕus, a, um, adj.grando, full of hail (late Lat.): nimbi,Alcim. 3, 329: frigus,id. 5, 190; cf. the foll. art.
grandino grandĭno, āre, 1, v. impers. [id.], to hail.Lit.: quare hieme ningat, non grandinet,Sen. Q. N. 4, 4, 1; Aur. Vict. Vir. Ill. 73, 7.Transf.: sagittis, plumbo et saxis grandinat, nivit, Pac. ap. Non. 507, 28.To hail upon: vinea grandinata est, August. ap. Psa. 49.
grandinosus grandĭnōsus, a, um, adj.id., full of hail (post-Aug.): qualitas caeli,Col. 3, 1, 6.
grandio grandĭo, īre, v. a. and n.grandis (ante-class.). Act., to make great, increase, enlarge: grandire est grandem facere, Varr. Rer. Divin. Lib. I.: cum aut humus semina concipere non possit, aut recepta non reddat, aut edita grandire nequeat, Plaut. Aul. (1, 1, 10): Testudineum istum tibi ego grandibo gradum,Non. 115, 1 sq. Mid.: nec grandiri frugum fetum posse, nec mitescere, to become great, to grow (cf. grandesco), Pac. ap. Non. 115, 11 (Fragm. Trag. v. 142 Rib.).Neutr., to become great, to grow: Mars pater, te precor, uti tu fruges, frumenta, vineta virgultaque grandire beneque evenire sinas,Cato, R. R. 141, 2.
,id. ib. 1, 29. In neutr. as grandia ingrediens, advancing with great strides: μακρὰ βιβάς, Gell. 9, 11, 5: grandia incedens,Amm. 22, 14. Of persons, grown up, big, tall; and more freq. pregn., advanced in years, aged, old; also with natu or aevo. Absol.: an sedere oportuit domi virginem tam grandem,Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 39: videras grandis jam puer bello Italico, etc.,Cic. Pis. 36, 87: nobilis ut grandi cecinit Centaurus alumno (i. e. Achilli),Hor. Epod. 13, 11: (Q. Maximus) et bella gerebat ut adolescens, cum plane grandis esset, etc.,Cic. de Sen. 4, 10; cf. Lucr. 2, 1164: legibus annalibus cum grandiorem aetatem ad consulatum constituebant, adolescentiae temeritatem verebantur, etc. (shortly after: progressus aetatis),
,id. Epod. 13, 11: si metit Orcus Grandia cum parvis,id. Ep. 2, 2, 179; so absol.: grandia,id. C. 1, 6, 9; id. A. P. 27. In partic., of style, great, grand, lofty, sublime: genus quoque dicendi grandius quoddam et illustrius esse adhibendum videtur,Cic. de Or. 2, 82, 337: grande atque robustum genus dicendi (opp. subtile),Quint. 12, 10, 58: causae (opp. pusillae),id. 11, 3, 151: antiqua comoedia,id. 10, 1, 65: grandia et tumida themata,id. 2, 10, 6: sententiae,id. 2, 11, 3: grandia elate, jucunda dulciter, moderata leniter canit,id. 1, 10, 24. Of the speaker: (oratores Thucydidi aequales) grandes erant verbis, crebri sententiis, compressione rerum breves,Cic. Brut. 7, 29; cf.: Thucydides rerum gestarum pronunciator sincerus et grandis,id. ib. 83, 287: causidicus amplus atque grandis,id. Or. 9, 30: quo grandior sit et quasi excelsior orator,id. ib. 34, 119: oratores, alii grandes aut graves aut copiosi,id. Opt. Gen. 1, 2: multis locis grandior (Lysias),id. ib. 3, 9: fiunt pro grandibus tumidi,Quint. 10, 2, 16; 10, 1, 77. Adv.: in two forms. grandĭter (acc. to II.), greatly, strongly, very (poet. and in postAug. prose): quamvis grandius ille (Alcaeus) sonet,
sublimely
,Ov. H. 15, 30: illud mihi inter maxima granditer cordi est,
exceedingly
,Sid. Ep. 7, 4: frugi pater,id. ib. 2: affectus,Aug. Conf. 1, 9.grandō (rare and poet.), the same: grande fremens,
grandiscapius grandiscāpĭus, a, um, adj.grandis-scapus, having a large stem or trunk: arbores, ut ita dicam, grandiscapiae (shortly before: magnarum arborum truncos cum scapo suo transferri),Sen. Ep. 86, 19.
granditas grandĭtas, ātis, f.grandis, greatness. * Lit., of age (acc. to grandis, I. B.): aetatis granditas, Sisenn. ap. Non. 115, 13. Trop., of style (v. grandis, II. B.), grandeur, sublimity (very rare): idque apparet ex genere et granditate verborum, * Cic. Brut. 31, 121: non illi vis, non granditas, non sublimitas defuit,Plin. Ep. 6, 21, 5.
granditer grandĭter, adv., v. grandis fin. A.
grandiusculus grandĭuscūlus, a, um, adj. dim. [grandis, I. B.]. pretty well grown up: virgo,Ter. And. 4, 5, 19 (dub.; Fleck. grandicula).
grando grando, ĭnis, f. (masc., Varr. ap. Non. 208, 11) [Sanscr. hrād-uni, storm; Gr. χάλαζα for χαλαδ‐ια], hail, a hail-storm.Lit., Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 58; id. Merc. 5, 2, 19; Cic. N. D. 3, 35, 86; Liv. 28, 37, 7; Verg. G. 1, 449; Hor. C. 1, 2, 2; 3, 1, 29 et saep.: nimbus cum saxea grandine subito est exortus ingens, hailstones, Auct. B. Afr. 47, 1. In plur.: terrere animos, nimbis, nivibus, grandinibus, etc.,Cic. N. D. 2, 5, 14: grandines ruunt,Plin. 2, 38, 38, § 103.Transf., poet., a shower, i. e. a great quantity, a multitude: et densa resonant saxorum grandine turres,Sil. 2, 38: aspera saxorum,id. 9, 578.Trop., of copious speech: qui grandines Ulixei (superat),Aus. Ep. 16, 13.
graneus grānĕus, a, um, adj.granum, of corn, only as subst.: grānĕa, ae, f. (sc. puls), a sort of frumenty or pap made of pounded corn, Cato, R. R. 86; Hier. Paralip. 1, 23.
Granicus Grānīcus, i, m., = Γράνικος, a small river in Mysia, which has its source in Mount Ida, and is famous for the victory of Alexander the Great over the Persians which took place on its banks, Mel. 1, 19, 2; Plin. 5, 32, 40, § 141; Ov. M. 11, 763; Curt. 3, 1, 9.
granifer grānĭfer, ĕra, ĕrum, adj.granumfero, grain-bearing, a poet. epithet of ants: agmen,Ov. M. 7, 638.
Grannus Grannus, i, m.Ers. and Trel. grian, the sun, a surname of Apollo in several Germanic, Dacian, and Scottish inscriptions, Inscr. Orell. 1997 sq. (cf. Grynēus).
grassatio grassātĭo, ōnis, f.grassor, a rioting (post-Aug. and very rare): nocturnae,Plin. 13, 22, 43, § 126; cf. the foll. art. and grassatura.
grassator grassātor, ōris, m.id.. A vagabond, idler: poëticae artis honos non erat. Si qui in ea re studebat, aut sese ad convivia applicabat, grassator vocabatur, Cato ap. Gell. 11, 2, 5.A disorderly person, one who goes rioting about (esp. at night, whether for fun and enjoyment or for robbery), a rioter, a waylayer, street-robber, footpad: hoc modo viator quoque bene vestitus causa grassatori fuisse dicetur, cur ab eo spoliaretur,Cic. Fat. 15, 34: grassatorum plurimi palam se ferebant succincti ferro,Suet. Aug. 32: grassatores et sicarii,id. Caes. 72: nocturni grassatoris insidiosa violentia,Gell. 20, 1, 8; Quint. 12, 1, 38: ferro subitus grassator agit rem,Juv. 3, 305.
grassatura grassātūra, ae, f.id., a rioting, waylaying: in primis tuendae pacis a grassaturis et latrociniis seditionumque licentia curam habuit,Suet. Tib. 37; Dig. 48, 19, 16, § 6.
grassor grassor, ātus, 1 (inf. pres. grassarier, Prud. Ham. 651; act. collat. form grassabamus, App. M. 7, 7), v. dep. n. and a. [gradior], to go, go about (not in Cic. and Cæs.; cf.: gradior, incedo, vado, pergo). Lit. In gen. (mostly ante-class.): hoc grassari gradu,Plaut. Poen. 3, 1, 11: siccine hic cum uvida veste grassabimur?id. Rud. 1, 4, 31; id. Bacch. 5, 2, 19: sine eam pedibus grassari, Titin. ap. Non. 316, 3: recte grassatur via,Nov. ib. 5; Ov. Tr. 2, 477: certum'st moriri, quam hunc pati grassari lenonem in me,
come about me
,
approach me
,Plaut. Rud. 3, 3, 22. Of things: (aranĕus) quanta arte celat pedicas scutulato rete grassantes,
going about
,
moving around
,Plin. 11, 24, 28, § 81: per omnes nervos articulosque humore pestifero grassante,Just. 23, 2: neque avaritia solum, sed etiam crudelitas in capta urbe grassata est,Curt. 5, 6, 6. In partic. To go loitering or rioting about (cf. grassator, I.): se in juventutem grassantem in Subura incidisse, Liv. 3, 13, 2: per omnia clandestina grassari scelera latrociniorum, id 42, 18, 1: ubi Caesarem esse qui grassaretur pernotuit,Tac. A. 13, 25. Hence, of parasites, i. q. adulari, to pay one's court to, to flatter, fawn upon: grassari antiqui ponebant pro adulari, Paul. ex Fest. p. 97 Müll.To go about with thievish designs, to lie in wait: grassari dicuntur latrones vias obsidentes, Paul. ex Fest. p. 97 Müll. (cf. grassator, II.): in umbris,Anthol. Lat. 2, 186, 42 sq.: silurus grassatur, ubicumque est, omne animal appetens,Plin. 9, 15, 17, § 45. Hence, With acc., to fall upon, assault, attack: turmas,Stat. Th. 8, 571.Trop. In gen., to go, proceed, or act in any manner: saepe hac eadem sum grassatus via, Nov. ap. Non. 316, 7; cf.: consimili grassantur via,Afran. ib. 9: ubi animus ad gloriam virtutis via grassatur,Sall. J. 1, 3: grassandum ad clara periclis,Sil. 1, 570: (assertor) ait, se jure grassari, non vi,
that he was proceeding
,Liv. 3, 44, 8: longe alia via grassabantur,id. 2, 27, 7: consilio grassandum, si nihil vires juvarent, ratus,id. 10, 14, 13: mutua dissimulatione et iisdem, quibus petebatur, artibus grassatur,Tac. H. 4, 56: cupidine atque irā, pessimis consultoribus,Sall. J. 64, 5: obsequio,
,Tac. H. 4, 16: assentando multitudini grassari,Liv. 45, 23, 9: superbe avareque in provincia grassatos,Suet. Aug. 67. In partic., to attack, proceed against; to proceed with violence, act harshly, rage, rage against. Constr.: in aliquid and in or adversus aliquem: trecenti conjuravimus principes juventutis Romanae, ut in te hac via grassaremur,Liv. 2, 12, 15; cf.: in possessionem agri publici grassari,id. 6, 5, 4: in externos grassari,Suet. Ner. 36: adversus omnis aevi hominum genus grassari,id. Calig. 34; cf.: qui cum contemptu religionis grassatus etiam adversus deos fuerat,Just. 1, 9: ita bacchantem atque grassantem adoriri,Suet. Calig. 56: omni rapinarum genere grassati,id. Vesp. 6: diverso vitiorum genere,id. Galb. 14; cf.: placuit veneno grassari,Tac. H. 3, 39; id. A. 15, 60. Absol.: Ii (sagitarii) dum eminus grassabantur,Tac. A. 4, 47. Of abstract subjects: accusatorum major in dies et infestior vis sine levamento grassabatur,Tac. A. 4, 66: ut clausis unam intra domum accusatoribus et reis, paucorum potentia grassaretur,id. ib. 13, 4: dicemus de his (malis), quae totis corporibus grassantur,Plin. 26, 11, 67, § 107; cf.: haec (vitia) in pueris grassari, illa in adultis,id. 26, 1, 3, § 4: mala vestra, ... alia grassantia extrinsecus, alia in visceribus ipsis ardentia,Sen. Vit. B. 27, 6: rabidorum more luporum Crimina persultant toto grassantia campo,Prud. Psych. 468: grassandi in re familiari facultas,
of wasting
,
plundering
,Dig. 26, 10, 6. Fig.: nec ferro grassatur saepius ullum mentis vitium quam cupido, etc.,Juv. 14, 174. With acc. (cf. above, I. B. 2. b.): simulque Romam pestilentia grassabatur,Aur. Vict. Caes. 33, 5. P. a.: grassans, ntis, m., as subst., a robber, thief: quicquid Lycurgi villa grassantibus praebuisset,Petr. 117, 3; App. M. 8, p. 209, 3: sublatis susceptoribus grassantium cupido conquiescit,Paul. Sent. 5, 3, 4.
grates grātes (usually only in the nom. and acc. plur.; in the abl. gratibus, Tac. A. 12, 37), f.gratus, thanks rendered (esp. to the gods: gratias agere being the usual form to human beings), thanksgiving: ut Ephesiae Dianae lauta laudes Gratesque agam,Plaut. Mil. 2, 5, 2: diis laudes gratesque agunt,Liv. 7, 36, 7; 26, 48, 3; cf. in the following the passages,Tac. A. 1, 69 and 12, 37: vobis (dis) grates ago atque habeo,Plaut. Pers. 5, 1, 4: grates deis immortalibus agere habereque,Liv. 23, 11, 12 Weissenb. ad loc.; cf. 23, 12, 7: dis populoque Romano grates agunt,id. 10, 25, 5; 45, 39, 12: grates tibi ago, summe Sol, vobisque, reliqui caelites, * Cic. Rep. 6, 9: grates dis agere,Liv. 5, 23, 3; 30, 17, 6; Tac. A. 13, 41; cf. also: nec esse, qui diis grates agendas censeant,Liv. 30, 21, 9: salsipotenti et multipotenti Jovis fratri ... laudes ago et grates gratiasque habeo, Plaut. Trin. 4, 1, 2: laudes et grates reversis legionibus habens,Tac. A. 1, 69; cf.: Agrippinam iisdem quibus principem laudibus gratibusque venerati sunt,id. ib. 12, 37: vobis, o fidissime civium atque amicorum, grates ago habeoque,Curt. 9, 6, 17: dexteram ejus amplexi grates habebant velut praesenti deo,Curt. 3, 16, 17; Tac. A. 1, 69 Draeger ad loc.: Tiberius egit grates benevolentiae patrum,id. ib. 6, 2: o decus Italiae, virgo, quas dicere grates Quasve referre parem?Verg. A. 11, 508: grates persolvere dignas Non opis est nostrae, Dido,id. ib. 1, 600: grates rependere,Stat. S. 3, 3, 155: quibus pro bene factis fateor deberi tibi Et libertatem et multas grates gratias (cf. above: grates gratiasque),Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 6. Sarcastically: at tibi pro scelere, exclamat, pro talibus ausis, Di .. Persolvant grates dignas et praemia reddant Debita!Verg. A. 2, 537.
gratia grātĭa, ae, f.gratus; lit., favor, both that in which one stands with others and that which one shows to others. (Acc. to gratus, I.) Favor which one finds with others, esteem, regard, liking, love, friendship (syn. favor): pluris pauciorum gratiam faciunt pars hominum quam id quod prosint pluribus,Plaut. Trin. 1, 1, 12: perspicio nihili meam vos facere gratiam,id. Curc. 1, 2, 68: ut majores ejus (Plancii) summum in praefectura florentissima gradum tenuerint et dignitatis et gratiae,Cic. Planc. 13, 32; cf.: Sex. Roscius gratia atque hospitiis florens hominum nobilissimorum,id. Rosc. Am. 6, 15: deinde si maxime talis est deus, ut nulla gratia, nulla hominum caritate teneatur, etc.,id. N. D. 1, 44, 124: neque quo Cn. Pompeii gratiam mihi per hanc causam conciliari putem,id. de Imp. Pomp. 24, 70; cf.: aliquem restituere in gratiam,id. Prov. Cons. 9, 23: aliquem restituere in ejus veterem gratiam,id. Att. 1, 3, 3: in gratiam reducere,id. Rab. Post. 8, 19; cf. also: cum aliquo in gratiam redire,
,Ter. And. 2, 5, 11: omnia quae potui in hac summa tua gratia ac potentia a te impetrare,
credit
,
influence
,Cic. Fam. 13, 29, 5; cf.: Iccius Remus, summa nobilitate et gratia inter suos,Caes. B. G. 2, 6, 4; 1, 43, 8: gratiā plurimum posse,id. ib. 1, 9, 3; 1, 20, 2; cf.: quantum gratia, auctoritate, pecunia valent,id. ib. 7, 63, 1: gratiā valere,id. B. C. 2, 44, 1: inproba quamvis Gratia fallaci praetoris vicerit urna,Juv. 13, 4: quem triumphum magis gratiae quam rerum gestarum magnitudini datum constabat,Liv. 40, 59, 1. In plur.: L. Murenae provincia multas bonas gratias cum optima existimatione attulit,
tokens of favor
,Cic. Mur. 20, 42: cum haec res plurimas gratias, firmissimas amicitias pariat,id. ib. 11, 24: non hominum potentium studio, non excellentibus gratiis paucorum, sed universi populi Romani judicio consulem factum,id. Agr. 2, 3, 7.Transf., objectively, like the Gr. χάρις, agreeableness, pleasantness, charm, beauty, loveliness, grace (only poet. and in post-Aug. prose; esp. freq. in Quint.): gratia formae,Ov. M. 7, 44; Suet. Tit. 3: corporis,id. Vit. 3; id. Vit. Ter. 1; Plin. 28, 19, 79, § 260: quid ille gratiae in vultu ostenderit,Quint. 6 prooem. § 6; cf. id. 6, 3, 26: unica nec desit jocundis gratia verbis,
charm
,Prop. 1, 2, 29; cf.: neque abest facundis gratia dictis, Ov. M. 13, 127: plenus est jucunditatis et gratiae (Horatius),Quint. 10, 1, 96: sermonis Attici,id. ib. 65; 12, 10, 35: dicendi,id. 9, 3, 74: brevitatis novitatisque,id. ib. 58: omnis bene scriptorum,id. 11, 2, 46 et saep.; Cels. 4, 29 med.: uvis et vinis gratiam affert fumus fabrilis,Plin. 14, 1, 3, § 16; id. 17, 9, 6, § 53. Hence, As a nom. propr.: Grātiae, ārum, f., a transl. of the Gr. Χάριτες, the goddesses of favor, loveliness, grace, etc., the three Graces, Aglaia, Euphrosyne, and Thalia, daughters of Jupiter and Eurynome, Sen. Ben. 1, 3, 3; Serv. Verg. A. 1, 720; Hor. C. 1, 4, 6; 1, 30, 6; 3, 19, 16; 3, 21, 22; Quint. 10, 1, 82. In sing.: Grātia, ae, collect., Ov. M. 6, 429.Favor which one shows to another, mark of favor, kindness, courtesy, service, obligation. In gen. (rare): ita mihi Telamonis patris, avi Aeaci et proavi Jovis grata est gratia, Enn. ap. Non. 85, 23 (Trag. v. 367 Vahl.): ergo ab eo petito gratiam istam,Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 63; cf.: gratiam a patre si petimus, spero ab eo impetrassere,id. Stich. 1, 2, 23: petivit in beneficii loco et gratiae, ut, etc.,Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 82, § 189; cf.: quod beneficii gratiaeque causa concessit,id. ib. 2, 3, 48fin.: hanc gratiam ut sibi des,Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 30: juris jurandi volo gratiam facias,
,Sall. J. 104 fin. Kritz.: qui mihi atque animo meo nullius umquam delicti gratiam fecissem,id. Cat. 52, 8; cf. also: quibus senatus belli Lepidani gratiam fecerat,id. Fragm. 3, 34 Gerl.: alii ipsi professi se pugnaturos in gratiam ducis,
,Liv. 8, 22, 4: nil ibi majorum respectus, gratia nulla umbrarum,Juv. 8, 64. In partic., a mark of favor shown for a service rendered, thanks (by word or deed), thankfulness, gratitude; acknowledgment, return, requital (the form with agere of returning thanks is the plur., but with habere, referre, debere, nearly always in sing.; but when thanks are due to or rendered by more than one person, the form gratias referre, etc., may be used; v.infra., and cf. Krebs. Antibarb. p. 505): quae (gratia) in memoria et remuneratione officiorum et honoris et amicitiarum observantiam teneat,Cic. Inv. 2, 22, 66; cf.: gratia est, in qua amicitiarum et officiorum alterius memoria et remunerandi voluntas continetur,id. ib. 2, 53, 161: immortales ago tibi gratias agamque dum vivam: nam relaturum me affirmare non possum,id. Fam. 10, 11, 1; cf.: renuntiate, gratias regi me agere: referre gratiam aliam nunc non posse, quam ut suadeam, ne, etc.,Liv. 37, 37, 8 (v. ago): dīs gratias agere ... si referre studeant gratias,Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 26 sq.: L. Lucceius meus, homo omnium gratissimus, mirificas tibi apud me gratias egit, cum diceret, etc.,Cic. Fam. 13, 42, 1: eique amplissimis verbis per senatus consultum gratias egimus,id. Phil. 1, 1, 3: Lentulo nostro egi per litteras tuo nomine gratias diligenter,id. Fam. 1, 10: justissimas gratias agere,id. Leg. 2, 3, 6: quamquam gratiarum actionem a te non desiderabam, etc.,id. Fam. 10, 19, 1: nunc tecum sic agam, tulisse ut potius injuriam, quam retulisse gratiam videar,
to have made a return
,
requital
,
recompense
,id. Sull. 16, 47 fin.: magno meo beneficio affecti cumulatissime mihi gratiam retulerunt,id. Fam. 13, 4, 1: praeclaram vero populo Romano refers gratiam,id. Cat. 1, 11, 28: ut pro tantis eorum in rem publicam meritis honores eis habeantur gratiaeque referantur,id. Phil. 3, 15, 39; cf. id. ib. 3, 10, 25: me omnibus, si minus referenda gratia satisfacere potuerim, at praedicanda et habenda certe satis esse facturum,
if I cannot requite ... I can extol
,id. Balb. 1, 2; cf.: nimirum inops ille, si bonus est vir, etiam si referre gratiam non potest, habere certe potest. Commode autem quicumque dixit, pecuniam qui habeat, non reddidisse; qui reddiderit, non habere: gratiam autem et qui retulerit, habere et qui habeat retulisse, id. Off. 2, 20, 69; id. Planc. 28, 68; cf. id. ib. 42, 101; id. Fam. 5, 11, 1: gratias habere,Liv. 24, 37, 7: alicui summas gratias habere,Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 33: alicui maximas infinitasque agere atque habere gratias, quod, etc.,Vitr. 6 praef. 4: merito vestro maximas vobis gratias omnes et agere et habere debemus,Cic. Phil. 3, 10, 25: meritam dīs immortalibus gratiam justis honoribus et memori mente persolvere,id. Planc. 33, 80: pro beneficio gratiam repetere,Liv. 1, 47, 7: gratias ob hoc agere, quod, etc.,Liv. 54, 50, 4; so with ob, Plin. Ep. 9, 31, 21; Treb. Pol. Trig. Tyr. 10, 9: pro tuo summo beneficio gratias agere,Cic. Att. 16, 16, 16; Liv. 23, 11, 12; Plin, Pan. 25, 1; cf. Gell. 9, 3, 5: dum carmine nostro Redditur agricolis gratia caelitibus,Tib. 2, 1, 36; cf.: hoc certe justitiae convenit suum cuique reddere, beneficio gratiam, injuriae talionem aut certe malam gratiam,Sen. Ep. 81 med.; rarely: in gratiam habere (=ita accipere, ut ad gratiam comparandam valere putet),
to accept as thankworthy
,Sall. J. 111, 1: unum vis curem: curo. Et est dīs gratia, Cum ita, ut volo, est,
I thank
,Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 58; cf.: Er. Eamus intro, ut prandeamus. Me. Bene vocas: tam gratia est, no, I'm much obliged to you (the negative being omitted, as in the Fr. je vous remercie, and the Germ. ich danke sehr), Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 36. Ellipt.: fores effregit? restituentur; discidit Vestem? resarcietur: est, dīs gratia, Et unde haec fiant, et adhuc non molesta sunt,
thank Heaven
,Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 41. With acc. and inf. (anteclass. and post-Aug.): dīs gratias agebat, tempus sibi dari, etc.,Ter. Phorm. 4, 2, 6; Tac. H. 4, 64; cf. Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 4; id. And. 1, 1, 15. Hence, as adverbs: grātĭā (acc. to II. A.), lit., in favor of, on account of, for the sake of; hence, in gen., on account of (usually placed after the gen., in Quint. a few times before it; cf.: causa, ergo). With gen.: sed neque longioribus quam oportet hyperbatis compositioni serviamus, ne quae ejus gratia fecerimus, propter eam fecisse videamur,
lest what we have done to embellish the style we should seem to have done merely on account of the construction we had chosen
,Quint. 9, 4, 144: tantum abest, ut haec bestiarum etiam causa parata sint, ut ipsas bestias hominum gratia generatas esse videamus,Cic. N. D. 2, 63, 158: tu me amoris magis quam honoris servavisti gratia, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 69 (Trag. v. 316 Vahl.); cf.: honoris gratia nomino,Cic. Quint. 7, 28: nuptiarum gratia haec sunt ficta atque incepta omnia,Ter. And. 5, 1, 17: simulabat sese negotii gratia properare,Sall. J. 76, 1: hominem occisum esse constat; non praedae gratia: quia inspoliatus est,Quint. 7, 1, 33; cf.: hereditatis gratia,id. 5, 12, 5: quem censores senatu probri gratia moverant,Sall. C. 23, 1: profectus gratia dicere,Quint. 2, 10, 9: brevitatis gratia,id. 4, 2, 43: decoris gratia,id. 8, 6, 65: difficultatis gratia,id. 9, 2, 77: aut invidiae gratia ... aut miserationis,id. 9, 2, 8: praesentis gratia litis,id. 2, 7, 4 al. With gerund.: duxit me uxorem liberorum sibi quaesendum gratia, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 258 Müll. (Trag. v. 161 Vahl.): ut aut voluptates omittantur majorum voluptatum adipiscendarum causa, aut dolores suscipiantur majorum dolorum effugiendorum gratia,Cic. Fin. 1, 10, 36; cf. Caes. B. G. 7, 43, 2: tentandi gratia,Sall. J. 47, 2: hiemandi gratia,id. ib. 61, 3: colloquendi gratia,id. ib. 61, 4: placandi gratia,id. ib. 71, 5: simulandi gratia,id. ib. 37, 4: sui exposcendi gratia,Nep. Hann. 7, 6: amplificandi gratia ... vel miserandi,Quint. 9, 3, 28: elevandae invidiae gratia,id. 5, 13, 40: recuperandae dignitatis gratia,id. 11, 1, 79: vitandae similitudinis gratia,id. 9, 1, 11 al. Ellipt.: ejus generis hae sunt quaestiones. Si, exempli gratia, vir bonus Alexandria Rhodum magnum frumenti numerum advexerit, etc., for example, for instance (for the usual exempli causa; so, verbi gratia, for verbi causa, infra),Cic. Off. 3, 12, 50; so, exempli gratia,Plin. 2, 41, 41, § 110; for which in full: pauca tamen exempli gratia ponam,Quint. 6, 5, 6: eorum unam discordiam ponemus exempli gratia,Plin. 18, 25, 57, § 213: propter aliam quampiam rem, verbi gratia propter voluptatem,
,id. Ep. 3, 4, 38: quae Romae magna cum infamia pretio accepto edixeras, ea sola te, ne gratis in provincia male audires, ex edicto Siciliensi sustulisse video,Cic. Verr. 1, 46, 118: hic primum questus est non leviter Saturius, communem factum esse gratis cum Roscio, qui pretio proprius fuisset Fanni,id. Rosc. Com. 10, 27: gratis dare alicui (opp. pretium accipere ab aliquo),Mart. 14, 175, 2: id me scis antea gratis tibi esse pollicitum. Quid nunc putas, tanta mihi abs te mercede proposita?Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3, § 7: gratis rei publicae servire,id. Clu. 26, 71: tantum gratis pagina nostra placet,Mart. 5, 16, 10: virtutes omnes per se ipsas gratis diligere,Cic. Fin. 2, 26, 83. Opp. for payment: is repente, ut Romam venit, gratis praetor factus est. Alia porro pecunia ne accusaretur data,Cic. Verr. 1, 39, 101; cf. id. ib. 2, 5, 19, § 48: habitent gratis in alieno?id. Off. 2, 23, 83; so, habitare in aedibus alienis,Dig. 39, 5, 9: habitationem cui dare,
gratificor grātĭfĭcor, ātus (act. collat. form gratificat, Cassiod. Var. 7, 6 init.: gratificavit,Vulg. Eph. 1, 6), 1, v. dep. n. and a. [gratus+ facio], to do a favor to a person, to oblige, gratify; also to do a thing as a favor, to make a present of, surrender, sacrifice a thing (class.; cf.: condono, largior): gratificatur mihi gestu accusator: inscientem Cn. Pompeium fecisse significat,Cic. Balb. 6, 14; cf.: quod Pompeio se gratificari putant,id. Fam. 1, 1, 4; Tac. A. 4, 19: ut sit ipsa libertas, in quo populo potestas honeste bonis gratificandi datur,Cic. Leg. 3, 18, 39; cf. id. Off. 2, 15, 52: de eo quod ipsis superat, aliis gratificari volunt,id. Fin. 5, 15, 42: deus nihil cuiquam tribuens, nihil gratificans omnino,id. N. D. 1, 44, 123; cf. id. Off. 1, 14, 42: cur tibi hoc non gratificer, nescio,id. Fam. 1, 10: ut praepararent suorum animos, ne quid pars altera gratificari pro Romanis posset,
to prove complaisant to
,Liv. 21, 9 fin. dub. (Weissenb. reads gratificari populo Romano; perh. the words pro Romanis are spurious): audax, impurus, populo gratificans et aliena et sua,Cic. Rep. 1, 44; cf. Plin. 34, 6, 11, § 25: potentiae paucorum decus atque libertatem suam gratificari,Sall. J. 3, 4; cf.: homo nimis in gratificando jure liber, L. Sisenna,Cic. Cornel. Fragm. p. 450 Orell.: ut, quod populi sit, populus jubeat potius quam patres gratificentur,Liv. 10, 24, 15.
gratificus grātĭfĭcus, a, um, adj.gratus + facio, kind, obliging (late Lat.): pectus,Paul. Petr. Vit. S. Mart. 2, 716: dominus, Porphyr. Paneg. ad Constant. 1, 6.
gratiis grātiīs (grātīs), v. gratia, B. fin.
gratilla grātilla, ae, f., a kind of cake, otherwise unknown, Arn. 7, 230.
gratiosus grātĭōsus, a, um, adj.gratia, full of favor.Enjoying favor, in favor, popular, regarded, beloved, agreeable, etc. (class.; a favorite expression with Cicero, and used mostly of persons): ego Plancium et ipsum gratiosum esse dico et habuisse in petitione multos cupidos sui gratiosos, etc.,Cic. Planc. 19, 46: homini honesto, sed non gratiosiori quam Cn. Calidius est,Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 20, § 44: cum adversario gratiosissimo contendat,id. Quint. 1, 2: homines potentes, gratiosi, diserti,id. Cael. 9, 21; cf.: splendidi homines et aliis praetoribus gratiosi,Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 14, § 37: Pythius, qui esset ut argentarius apud omnes ordines gratiosus,id. Off. 3, 14, 58; cf. id. Planc. 18, 44; id. Att. 15, 4, 3: ut ego doceo gratiosum esse in sua tribu Plancium,id. Planc. 19, 47; cf.: sunt quidam homines in suis vicinitatibus et municipiis gratiosi,Q. Cic. Petit. Cons. 6, 24: is cum et suo splendore et nostra commendatione gratiosissimus in provincia fuit,Cic. Fam. 1, 3. Of things: vidi et cognovi, causas apud te rogantium gratiosiores esse quam vultus,id. Lig. 11, 31: gratiosa missio,
,ib. 50, 15, 1: cupressus odore violenta ac ne umbra quidem gratiosa, materie rara,Plin. 16, 33, 60, § 139.That shows favor, obliging, complaisant (very rare): gratiosi scribae sint in dando et cedendo loco,Cic. Brut. 84, 290. Hence, adv.: grātĭōse, out of favor, graciously (postclass. and very rare): neque sordide neque gratiose,Dig. 26, 7, 7, § 2. Comp.: gratiosius,Pseudo Ascon. Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 4, § 11.
gratis grātīs, adv., v. gratia, B. fin.
Gratius Grātĭus, a, name of a Roman gens. Gratius, ii, m., the opponent of the poet Archias, Cic. Arch. 4, 8; 6, 12. Gratius Faliscus, a contemporary of Ovid, author of a poem on hunting, Cynegeticon, Ov. P. 4, 16, 34. Deriv.: Grātĭānus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to a Gratius, Gratian: vasa ex argento,Plin. 33, 11, 49, § 139. Subst.: Grātiānus, i, m., son and co-regent of the emperor Valentinian I., from 367 to 383 A. D.
grator grātor, ātus, 1, v. dep. n. and a. [gratus], to manifest joy, to wish one joy, to congratulate, to rejoice with, rejoice (mostly poet. or in post-Aug. prose; not in Cic.; class. gratulor, congratulor): nec tibi me in hac re gratari decet, Att. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 5, 40: inveni, germana, viam: gratare sorori,Verg. A. 4, 478; Ov. M. 6, 434: invicem inter se gratantes,Liv. 9, 43, 17: nescia, gratentur consolenturne parentem (by zeugma),Ov. M. 1, 578: Jovis templum gratantes ovantesque adire,Liv. 7, 13, 10: laudantes gratantesque,Tac. H. 2, 29: inter venerantes gratantesque,id. A. 2, 75: ad gratandum sese expedire,id. ib. 14, 8; Ov. F. 3, 418. With acc.: gratatur reduces (= eos reduces esse),
congratulates them on their return
,Verg. A. 5, 40; cf.: (eum Tiberius) incolumem fore gratatur,Tac. A. 6, 21 fin.: totoque libens mihi pectore grator,Ov. M. 9, 244; cf.: quid tibi grataris?id. H. 11, 65. Hence, grātanter, adv., with rejoicing, with joy (post-class.): senatus gratanter accepit,Capitol. Macr. 7: accipere,id. Max. 14; Amm. 17, 12; Inscr. Orell. 2588.
gratuito grātŭītōadv., v. gratuitus fin.
gratuitus grātŭītus (grātŭĭtum, Stat. S. 1, 6, 16), a, um, adj.gratia, that is done with, out pay, reward, or profit; free, spontaneous, voluntary, gratuitous (class.): ea (examina apium) vel aere parta vel gratuita contingunt,Col. 9, 8, 1: quid? liberalitas gratuitane est an mercenaria? si sine praemio benigna est, gratuita: si cum mercede, conducta,Cic. Leg. 1, 18, 48; cf.: probitas gratuita,id. Fin. 2, 31, 99: hominum caritas et amicitia gratuita est,id. N. D. 1, 44, 122: ne gratuita quidem suffragia,
,Plin. Ep. 3, 11, 2: cum debitor gratuita pecunia utatur,Paul. Sent. 2, 5, 1; so, usus pecuniae,Suet. Aug. 41: milies sestertio proposito,id. Tib. 48; and perh. also, fenus,
lending without interest
,id. Caes. 27: universi milites gratuitam et sine frumento stipendioque operam (obtulerunt),id. ib. 68: cadaverum et ruderum gratuita egestio,id. Ner. 38: gratuita in Circo loca,
,Inscr. Orell. 3918; SO, SACERDOS, Inscr. ap. Maff. Mus. Ver. 80, 3: largis gratuitum cadit rapinis,Stat. S. 1, 6, 16: odium aut est ex offensa, aut gratuitum,
unprovoked
,Sen. Ep. 105, 3 (al. gratuito). Hence, adv.: grātŭīto, without pay or profit, for naught, gratis, gratuitously: hic (Polygnotus) et Athenis porticum, quae Poecile vocatur, gratuito (pinxit), cum partem ejus Micon mercede pingeret,Plin. 35, 9, 35, § 59; Tac. A. 11, 22 fin.: neque tamen eloquentiam gratuito contingere,
without cost
,id. ib. 11, 7: multorum causas et non gravate et gratuito defendentis,Cic. Off. 2, 19, 66: cum mediocribus multis gratuito civitatem in Graecia homines impertiebant,
gratulabundus grātŭlābundus, a, um, adj.gratulor, congratulating: Quo se omnis multitudo gratulabunda effudit,Liv. 7, 33, 18; Suet. Galb. 19. With dat.: velut gratulabundus patriae exspiravit,Just. 6, 8, 13.
gratulatio grātŭlātĭo, ōnis, f.id., a manifestation of joy; a wishing joy, congratulation; a rejoicing, joy (class.). In gen., constr. usu. with gen. or absol.: nuntiatur mihi, tantam isti gratulationem esse factam, ut, etc.,Cic. Verr. 1, 8, 21: gratulationes habere,id. Mil. 35, 98: unius diei,id. Pis. 3, 7: laudis nostrae gratulatio tua,id. Att. 1, 17, 6: quam (imaginem parentis sui) paucis ante diebus laureatam in sua gratulatione conspexit, during the congratulations made to him (on account of obtaining the consulship), id. Mur. 41, 88: cum gratulatione ac favore ingenti populi,Liv. 4, 24, 7: inter gratulationes amicorum,Suet. Ner. 6: (signum Dianae) in suis antiquis sedibus summa cum gratulatione civium et laetitia reponitur,Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 34, § 74; cf.: quanta gratulatio consecuta est!id. Fl. 39, 98: hic parenti suo ... solatio in laboribus, gratulationi in victoria fuit,id. Mur. 5, 12. (Acc. to gratulor, II.) A religious festival of joy and thanksgiving, a public thanksgiving (= supplicatio, obsecratio): gratulatio, quam tuo nomine ad omnia deorum templa fecimus,Cic. Fam. 11, 18 fin.: is supplicationem mihi decrevit ... qui quaestori gratulationem decrevit,id. Cat. 4, 5, 10; cf.: ceteris bene gestā, mihi uni conservatā re publicā gratulationem decrevistis,id. ib. 4, 10, 20: diis immortalibus non erat exigua eadem gratulatio,id. Prov. Cons. 11, 26: gratae nostrae diis immortalibus gratulationes erunt,id. Phil. 14, 3, 7: tum patefacta gratulationi omnia in urbe templa,Liv. 30, 40, 4 Weissenb. (al patuere, facta gratulatione): civitatem in supplicationibus ac gratulationibus esse,id. 8, 33, 20.
gratulatorie grātŭlātōrĭē, adv., v. gratulatorius fin.
gratulatorius grātŭlātōrĭus, a, um, adj.gratulor, congratulatory (post-class.): epistola, Capitol. Max. et Balb. 17: cena,Jul. Val. Rer. Gest. Alex. 3, 34 al. Adv.: grātŭ-lātōrĭē, in a congratulatory manner: mirari,Aug. Conf. 8, 6.
gratulor grātŭlor, ātus, 1, v. dep. n. and a. [gratus]. To manifest one's joy, i. e. to wish a person joy, to congratulate; or to rejoice (freq. and class.; cf. grator). Constr., alicui, (alicui) de aliqua re or aliquid, quod, rarely in, pro aliqua re, aliqua re, alicui rei, an object-clause, or absol.: unum illud nescio, gratulerne tibi, an timeam, etc.,Cic. Fam. 2, 5, 2; cf. id. ib. 2, 9, 1: gratulor tibi, mi Balbe, vereque gratulor,id. ib. 6, 12, 1: ipse mihi gratulatus sum,id. ib. 3, 11, 2: sibi,Vell. 2, 104, 3; Plin. Ep. 5, 15, 6: quod mihi de filia et de Crassipede gratularis, agnosco humanitatem tuam,Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 11; cf.: quod mihi de nostro statu, etc., gratularis: minime miramur, etc.,id. ib. 1, 7, 7; 1, 7, 11: ego vero vehementer gratulor de judicio ambitus,id. ib. 3, 12, 1: legatio de victoria gratulatum venit,Liv. 45, 13, 12: Caesare interfecto M. Brutus Ciceronem nominatim exclamavit atque ei recuperatam libertatem est gratulatus,
,id. A. A. 3, 122: ipse mihi gratulatus sum,Cic. Fam. 3, 11, 2: gratulor victoriae suae,id. ib. 4, 8, 1: felicitati tuae,id. ib. 9, 14, 7: itaque inter se impii cives, quasi vicissent, gratulabantur,id. Phil. 12, 7, 18: neque enim regio fuit ulla, ex qua non publice ad me venerint gratulatum,id. Pis. 22, 51: laeto vultu gratulantes,id. Att. 8, 9, 2: gratulatum satis suo nomine,Liv. 45, 14, 4: cum gratulamur (in dicendo),Quint. 3, 4, 3: Gratulantes ex sententia,id. 8, 5, 1: gratulanti inter poenam,
congratulating himself
,Suet. Tib. 60: elemento gratulor,Juv. 15, 86.To give thanks, render thanks, to thank, esp. a deity, =grates, gratias agere (mostly ante-class.): Juppiter, tibi, summe, tandem male re gesta gratulor, Enn. ap. Non. 116, 30 (Trag. v. 242 Vahl.); cf.: eamus Jovi maximo gratulatum, Scip. Afric. ap. Gell. 4, 18, 3: gratulor divis, Afran. ap. Prisc. p. 804, and ap. Non. 116, 33: deos gratulando obtundere,Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 6: dis immortalibus, M. Cato ap. Cic. Fam. 15, 5, 2: quapropter illi dolori gratulor,Quint. 6 praef. § 8 Spald.
gratus grātus, a, um, adj.Sanscr. har-jami, love, desire; Gr. χαίρω, χάρμα, χάρις. Pass., beloved, dear, acceptable, pleasing, agreeable (syn.: acceptus, jucundus, optatus, dulcis, blandus, suavis; in this signif. in ante-Aug. prose, viz. in Cic. and Cæs., only of things; gratiosus, mostly of persons). Of things: non ille (amor tuus) quidem mihi ignotus, sed tamen gratus et optatus: dicerem jucundus, nisi id verbum in omne tempus perdidissem,Cic. Fam. 5, 15, 1; cf.: illud tamen dicam, mihi id, quod fecisti, esse gratissimum. Tale enim tuum judicium non potest mihi non summe esse jucundum. Quod cum ita sit, esse gratum necesse est,id. ib. 13, 8, 2: ista veritas, etiam si jucunda non est, mihi tamen grata est,id. Att. 3, 24, 2; cf. also: cujus officia jucundiora licet saepe mihi fuerint, numquam tamen gratiora, id. Fam. 4, 6, 1: quae omnia mihi jucunda, hoc extremum etiam gratum fuit,id. ib. 10, 3, 1; so corresp. or connected with jucundus,id. ib. 1, 17, 6; id. Rosc. Am. 18, 51; id. Cat. 4, 1, 1; Plin. 26, 3, 8, § 14; Plin. Ep. 5, 3, 1; 8, 23, 5: quid est, quod aut populo Romano gratius esse debeat aut sociis exterisque nationibus optatius esse possit,Cic. Div. in Caecil. 3, 7; so with optatus cf. above, the passage Cic. Fam. 5, 15, 1: quod approbaris, id gratum acceptumque habendum. id. Tusc. 5, 15, 45; cf.: mihi pol grata acceptaque hujus est benignitas,Plaut. Stich. 1, 1, 49; Cat. 96, 1: munus eorum gratum acceptumque esse,Nep. Hann. 7; rarely in the contrary order: quorum mihi Dona accepta et grata habeo, tuaque ingrata,Plaut. Truc. 2, 7, 56: Tox. Credidi gratum fore Beneficium meum apud te. Do. Immo equidem gratiam tibi habeo, id. Pers. 4, 7, 8; cf.: grata tibi esse mea officia non miror: cognovi enim te gratissimum omnium, etc.,Cic. Fam. 5, 11, 1: quam multi, ut Galli, ut Poeni homines immolare et pium et diis immortalibus gratissimum esse duxerunt!Cic. Rep. 3, 9; cf. Caes. B. G. 6, 16, 5; Cic. ap. Non. 398, 28 (Rep. 6, 2 Mos.); cf. in comp.: sedere in his scholis gratius erat quam ire per solitudines, etc.,Plin. 26, 2, 6, § 11; cf. also: hedera est gratissima Baccho,Ov. F. 3, 767: dapibus supremi Grata testudo Jovis,Hor. C. 1, 32, 14: eoque erat cujusque gratior in re publica virtus, quod, etc.,Cic. Rep. 2, 34 fin.; 2, 35: o diva, gratum quae regis Antium,Hor. C. 1, 35, 1; cf.: grato sub antro,id. ib. 1, 5, 3: locus,id. Ep. 2, 2, 46: tempus,id. ib. 2, 2, 198: hora,id. ib. 1, 4, 14: dies,id. C. 4, 5, 7: lux,id. S. 1, 5, 39: nox,id. Carm. Sec. 23: carmina,id. C. 1, 15, 14; 3, 11, 23: artes,id. ib. 4, 13, 22: error mentis,id. Ep. 2, 2, 140: protervitas,id. C. 1, 19, 7 et saep.: feceris, si de re publica quid sentias explicaris, nobis gratum omnibus,
will do us all a favor
,Cic. Rep. 1, 21 fin.; cf.: quamobrem utrique nostrum gratum admodum feceris,id. Lael. 4, 16: quod si eum interfecerit, multis sese nobilibus gratum esse facturum,Caes. B. G. 1, 44, 20: quapropter gratissimum mihi feceris, si curaris, ut, etc. ... Hoc mihi gratius facere nihil potes,
a very great favor ... no greater favor
,Cic. Fam. 13, 44: is adulescens ita locatus est, ut, quae rebus grata erant, gratiora verbis faceret,Liv. 45, 13, 13: gratum elocuta consiliantibus Junone divis,
something pleasant
,Hor. C. 3, 3, 17. Of living beings. With dat.: Herophile Phoebo grata,Tib. 2, 5, 68; cf.: vates diis gratissima,Ov. F. 1, 585; and: superis deorum gratus (Mercurius) et imis,Hor. C. 1, 10, 20: donec gratus eram tibi,id. ib. 3, 9, 1; cf. Prop. 1, 2, 31: gratus Alexandro regi Magno fuit ille Choerilus,Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 232; Suet. Caes. 27: cui (Maecenati) cum se gratum et acceptum in modum amici videret,id. Gramm. 21: filio ejus Fausto gratissimus fuit,id. ib. 12: (cervus) gratus erat tibi,Ov. M. 10, 121.Absol.: olim gratus eram,Prop. 1, 12, 7; Hor. C. 4, 6, 21: conviva,id. S. 2, 2, 119: comitum gratissime,Ov. M. 14, 221; cf.: juvenum gratissime Crantor,id. ib. 12, 367: o mihi de fratris longe gratissime natis,id. ib. 12, 586: quaestor consulibus suis non minus jucundus et gratus quam usui fuit,Plin. Ep. 8, 23, 5. Hence, subst.: grātus, i, m., a favorite, darling: quam (classem) non amicorum sed gratorum appellabat,Suet. Tib. 46 fin.Act., thankful, grateful; thankworthy, deserving or procuring thanks (beneficii memor): cognovi te gratissimum omnium: nec enim tu mihi habuisti modo gratiam, verum etiam cumulatissime retulisti,Cic. Fam. 5, 11, 1; cf. id. Leg. 1, 18, 49: quamquam gratiarum actionem a te non desiderabam, cum te re ipsa atque animo scirem esse gratissimum, tamen, etc.,id. Fam. 10, 19, 1: si bene de me meritis gratum me praebeo, etc.,id. Planc. 38, 91 (v. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 508); cf.: ut grati ac memores beneficii esse videantur,id. Agr. 2, 8, 21: Hegesaratus, magnis meis beneficiis ornatus in consulatu suo, memor et gratus fuit,id. Fam. 13, 25; cf. also id. Att. 9, 11, A, 3: tu quam gratus erga me fueris, ipse existimare potes,id. Fam. 5, 5, 2; cf.: ut quam gratissimus erga te esse cognoscerer,id. ib. 1, 5, 1; Quint. 11, 2, 12: gratiorem me esse in te, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 10, 1: si quod adest gratum juvat,Hor. S. 2, 6, 13; id. C. 1, 12, 39: laudo vos, Quirites, cum gratissimis animis prosequimini nomen clarissimi adolescentis,Cic. Phil. 4, 1, 3; cf. id. ib. 14, 11, 30, and 10, 3, 7: tu, quamcumque deus tibi fortunaverit horam, gratā sume manu,Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 23: quod tamen nunc faciam: tum, cum gratum mihi esse potuit, nolui,i. e.
might have procured me thanks
,Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 21: est istuc datum Profecto, ut grata mihi sint, quae facio, omnia,id. Eun. 3, 1, 6 Ruhnk.; cf.: didicisse, quam sit re pulchrum, beneficio gratum, fama gloriosum, tyrannum occidere,
productive of gratitude
,Cic. Phil. 2, 46, 117: pro quibus beneficiis vix satis gratus videar,Sall. H. 2, 41, 5 Dietsch. Hence, adv.: grātē. (Acc. to I. = jucunde.) With pleasure, agreeably, willingly (rare in the class. period): praeterita grate meminit et, etc.,Cic. Fin. 1, 19, 62: liberti pupillorum grate facient, si, etc.,Dig. 26, 10, 3: insignis haec munificentia ... nec a debitoribus magis quam a creditoribus gratius excepta,Just. 12, 11, 2: gratissime provocari,Macr. S. 7, 2. (Acc. to II.) Thankfully, gratefully (class.): aliquid et grate et pie facere,Cic. Planc. 41, 98; cf.: quid pie, quid grate, quid humaniter, aut fecerit aut tulerit,id. de Or. 2, 11, 46; Suet. Aug. 66: natales grate numeras,Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 210: beneficium qui dat, vult accipi grate,Sen. Ben. 2, 31: aliquid recipere,Suet. Ner. 22; and in sup.: id munus inter censoria opera gratissime acceptum est,Plin. 7, 60, 60, § 214.
Graupius Graupĭus (Gramp-) mons, a mountain in the north of Britain, Tac. Agr. 29.
gravastellus grāvastellus, i, m.dim.‡ gravaster, from ‡ gravus, kindr. to γραῦς and the Ger. grau; Engl. gray; the ground-form of ravus, a gray-headed fellow: quis est haec muliercula et illic gravastellus qui venit?Plaut. Ep. 5, 1, 14; cf.: gravastellus senior, Paul. ex Fest. p. 96 Müll. (where it is erroneously derived from gravis; moreover, he reads s. v. Ravi coloris, p. 272, in Plautus, ravistellus).
gravate grăvāte, v. gravo fin.
gravatim grăvātim, adv.gravo, with difficulty, unwillingly (very rare for the usual gravate): cadere,Lucr. 3, 387: haud gravatim socia arma Rutulis junxit,Liv. 1, 2, 3.
gravedinosus grăvēdĭnōsus, a, um, adj.gravedo, subject to colds or catarrhs, that easily takes cold.Lit.: sunt alii ad alios morbos procliviores: itaque dicimus gravedinosos quosdam, quosdam torminosos, non quia jam sint, sed quia saepe sint, *Cic. Tusc. 4, 12, 27.Transf., that produces colds: ervum,Plin. 18, 15, 38, § 139.
gravesco grăvesco, ĕre, v. inch. n. [gravis], to become burdened or heavy (poet. and in postAug. prose). Lit. In gen.: fetu nemus omne gravescit,i. e.
becomes loaded
,
filled
,Verg. G. 2, 429. In partic., to become pregnant: cameli lac habent, donec iterum gravescant,Plin. 11, 41, 96, § 236.Trop., to become grievous or bad, to grow worse: aerumna gravescit,Lucr. 4, 1069: impetus,id. 6, 337: haec in morte,id. 3, 1022: valetudo Augusti,Tac. A. 1, 5: publica mala in dies,id. ib. 14, 51.To be cumbered, embarrassed, Ambros. de Virg. 1, 6, 25: peccato gravescit oratio,id. in Psa. 118, Serm. 22, § 5.
graviditas grăvĭdĭtas, ātis, f.gravidus, pregnancy (very rare; perh. ἅπαξ εἰρημ.); ab eo (Sole) Luna illuminata graviditates et partus afferat maturitatesque gignendi, *Cic. N. D. 2, 46, 119.
gravido grăvĭdo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.id., to burden, load. In gen.: gravidavit = implevit. Caecilius: Per mysteria hic inhoneste gravidavit probro,Non. 118, 12 sq. (Caecil. Com. Fragm. v. 223 Rib.). In partic., to impregnate: gravidari ex aliquo,Aur. Vict. Epit. 14. Transf.: quae (terra) gravidata seminibus omnia pariat et fundat ex sese, *Cic. N. D. 2, 33, 83.
gravis grăvis, e, adj.Sanscr. gurus (root gar-); Gr. βαρύς, heavy; gravis, for gar-uis; cf. also Brutus. With respect to weight, heavy, weighty, ponderous, burdensome; or pass., loaded, laden, burdened (opp. levis, light; in most of its significations corresp. to the Gr. βαρύς; cf. onerosus, onerarius). Lit.Absol. or with abl. In gen.: imber et ignis, spiritus et gravis terra, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 37 Müll.; so, tellus,Ov. M. 7, 355: corpora,Lucr. 2, 225 sq.; cf. id. 5, 450 sq.: limus,id. 5, 496: in eo etiam cavillatus est, aestate grave esse aureum amiculum, hieme frigidum,Cic. N. D. 3, 34, 83: navigia,Caes. B. G. 5, 8, 4; cf.: tot ora navium gravi Rostrata duci pondere,Hor. Epod. 4, 17: cum gravius dorso (aselli) subiit onus,id. S. 1, 9, 21: sarcina,id. Ep. 1, 13, 6: inflexi grave robur aratri, Verg. G. 1, 162: cujus (tibicinae) Ad strepitum salias terrae gravis,Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 26: terra, burdened (by the heavy body), Ov. M. 12, 118: naves hostilibus spoliis graves,
,Tac. A. 12, 35: gravis aere dextra,Verg. E. 1, 36: cum fatalis equus saltu super ardua venit Pergama et armatum peditem gravis attulit alvo,i. e.
filled
,
full
,id. A. 6, 516 (an imitation of Maximo saltu superavit Gravidus armatis equus, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2; v. gravidus, II. β): graves imbre nubes,Liv. 28, 15, 11: graves fructu vites,Quint. 8, 3, 8: gravis vinculis,Plin. Ep. 7, 27, 10. In partic. With respect to value or number, heavy, great. So, aes grave, heavy money, money of the oldest standard, in which an as weighed a full pound: grave aes dictum a pondere, quia deni asses, singuli pondo libras, efficiebant denarium, etc., Paul. ex Fest. p. 98 Müll.: et quia nondum argentum signatum erat, aes grave plaustris quidam (ex patribus) ad aerarium convehentes, etc.,Liv. 4, 60, 6; 10, 46, 5; 22, 33, 2 et saep.: populus Romanus ne argento quidem signato ante Pyrrhum regem devictum usus est: librales appendebantur asses. Quare aeris gravis poena dicta,Plin. 33, 3, 13, § 42: argentum, i. e. uncoined = rude: placet argentum grave rustici patris sine ullo opere et nomine artificis,Sen. Tranq. 1, 4: notavit aliquos, quod pecunias levioribus usuris mutuati graviore fenore collocassent,
at a higher rate
,Suet. Aug. 39; cf.: in graviore annona,id. ib. 25: grave pretium, a high price, Sall. Fragm. ap. Non. 314, 25. With respect to number: graves pavonum greges, great or numerous flocks, Varr. ap. Non. 314, 31. For the usual gravidus, with young, pregnant (poet. and in post-Aug. prose): regina sacerdos Marte gravis,Verg. A. 1, 274; cf. uterus (shortly after: gravidus tumet venter),Ov. M. 10, 495: balaenae utero graves (shortly before, gravidae),Plin. 9, 6, 5, § 13.Transf. Of hearing or sound, deep, grave, low, bass (opp. acutus, treble): vocem ab acutissimo sono usque ad gravissimum sonum recipiunt,Cic. de Or. 1, 59, 251; cf. id. ib. 3, 57, 216: qui (sonus) acuta cum gravibus temperans, varios aequabiliter concentus efficit,id. Rep. 6, 18: vox,Quint. 11, 3, 17; 42: sonus, 2, 8, 15; 5, 10, 125; 11, 3, 41; Ov. M. 12, 203: tenor,Quint. 1, 5, 26: syllaba,i. e.
unaccented
,id. 1, 5, 22 sq.; 12, 10, 33. Of smell or flavor, strong, unpleasant, offensive: an gravis hirsutis cubet hircus in alis,
,Plin. 21, 6, 15, § 28; cf.: herba odore suaviter gravi,id. 25, 9, 70, § 118; cf. 117: habrotonum odore jucunde gravi floret,id. 21, 10, 34, § 60: absynthium ut bibam gravem, i. e. bitter, Varr. ap. Non. 19, 27, and 314, 14. Of the state of the body or health, gross, indigestible, unwholesome, noxious, severe; sick: (Cleanthes) negat ullum esse cibum tam gravem, quin is die et nocte concoquatur,Cic. N. D. 2, 9, 24; so, genera cibi graviora,Cels. 2, 18: gravissima bubula (caro),id. ib.: pisces gravissimi,id. ib.: neque ex salubri loco in gravem, neque ex gravi in salubrem transitus satis tutus est,id. 1, 3; cf.: solum caelumque juxta grave,Tac. H. 5, 7: solet esse gravis cantantibus umbra,Verg. E. 10, 75: anni tempore gravissimo et caloribus maximis,Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 16, 1; cf.: gravis auctumnus in Apulia circumque Brundisium ex saluberrimis Galliae et Hispaniae regionibus, omnem exercitum valetudine tentaverat,Caes. B. C. 3, 2 fin.: grave tempus et forte annus pestilens erat urbi agrisque,Liv. 3, 6, 1; cf. also id. 3, 8, 1: aestas,Verg. G. 2, 377: morbo gravis,
sick
,id. ib. 3, 95; cf.: gravis vulnere,Liv. 21, 48, 4: aetate et viribus gravior,id. 2, 19, 6: gravior de vulnere,Val. Fl. 6, 65: non insueta graves tentabunt pabula fetas,
,Lucr. 3, 1066.Trop. In a bad sense, heavy, burdensome, oppressive, troublesome, grievous, painful, hard, harsh, severe, disagreeable, unpleasant (syn.: molestus, difficilis, arduus): qui labores morte finisset graves, Poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 48, 115: quod numquam tibi senectutem gravem esse senserim ... quibus nihil est in ipsis opis ad bene beateque vivendum, iis omnis aetas gravis est,Cic. de Sen. 2, 4; cf.: onus officii,id. Rosc. Am. 38, 112; id. Rep. 1, 23: et facilior et minus aliis gravis aut molesta vita est otiosorum,id. Off. 1, 21, 70; id. Rep. 1, 4: miserior graviorque fortuna,Caes. B. G. 1, 32, 4: haec si gravia aut acerba videantur, multo illa gravius aestimare debere, etc.,id. ib. 7, 14fin.: velim si tibi grave non erit, me certiorem facias,Cic. Fam. 13, 73, 2: grave est homini pudenti petere aliquid magnum,id. Fam. 2, 6, 1; id. Att. 1, 5, 4: est in populum Romanum grave, non posse, etc.,id. Balb. 7, 24: verbum gravius,Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 58, § 134: ne quid gravius in fratrem statueret ... quod si quid ei a Caesare gravius accidisset, etc.,Caes. B. G. 1, 20, 1 and 4: gravissimum supplicium,id. ib. 1, 31, 15: habemus senatusconsultum in te, Catilina, vehemens et grave,Cic. Cat. 1, 1, 3: edictum,Liv. 29, 21, 5: gravioribus bellis,Cic. Rep. 1, 40: gravis esse alicui,id. Fam. 13, 76, 2; cf.: adversarius imperii,id. Off. 3, 22, 86: gravior hostis,Liv. 10, 18, 6: senes ad ludum adolescentium descendant, ne sint iis odiosi et graves,Cic. Rep. 1, 43: gravis popularibus esse coepit,Liv. 44, 30, 5. Prov.: gravis malae conscientiae lux est,Sen. Ep. 122. In a good sense, weighty, important, grave; with respect to character, of weight or authority, eminent, venerable, great: numquam erit alienis gravis, qui suis se concinnat levem,Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 58: quod apud omnes leve et infirmum est, id apud judicem grave et sanctum esse ducetur?Cic. Rosc. Com. 2, 6: ea (honestas) certe omni pondere gravior habenda est quam reliqua omnia,id. Off. 3, 8, 35; id. Deiot. 2, 5: cum gravibus seriisque rebus satisfecerimus,id. ib. 1, 29, 103: auctoritas clarissimi viri et in rei publicae maximis gravissimisque causis cogniti,id. Fam. 5, 12, 7; cf. causa, Lucil. ap. Non. 315, 31; Quint. 1, 2, 3; Caes. B. C. 1, 44, 4: gravius erit tuum unum verbum ad eam rem, quam centum mea,Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 107: ut potentia senatus atque auctoritas minueretur: quae tamen gravis et magna remanebat,Cic. Rep. 2, 34: sententiis non tam gravibus et severis quam concinnis et venustis,id. Brut. 95, 325: gravior oratio,id. de Or. 2, 56, 227: nihil sibi gravius esse faciendum, quam ut, etc.,id. Clu. 6, 16: inceptis gravibus et magna professis,Hor. A. P. 14: exemplum grave praebet ales, etc.,id. C. 4, 11, 26: non tulit ullos haec civitas aut gloria clariores, aut auctoritate graviores, aut humanitate politiores,Cic. de Or. 2, 37, 154: et esse et videri omnium gravissimus et severissimus,id. ib. 2, 56, 228: homo prudens et gravis,id. ib. 1, 9, 38: neque oratio abhorrens a persona hominis gravissimi,id. Rep. 1, 15 fin.: auctor,id. Pis. 6, 14: testis,id. Fam. 2, 2: non idem apud graves viros, quod leviores (decet),Quint. 11, 1, 45: vir bonus et gravis,id. 11, 3, 184: gravissimi sapientiae magistri,id. 12, 1, 36: tum pietate gravem ac meritis si forte virum quem Conspexere,Verg. A. 1, 151: gravissima civitas,Cic. Rep. 1, 3: gravem atque opulentam civitatem vineis et pluteis cepit,
,Liv. 9, 4, 6.In an impressive or dignified manner, impressively, gravely, seriously, with propriety or dignity: his de rebus tantis tamque atrocibus neque satis me commode dicere neque satis graviter conqueri neque satis libere vociferari posse intelligo. Nam commoditati ingenium, gravitati aetas, libertati tempora sunt impedimento,Cic. Rosc. Am. 4, 9: (Scipio) utrumque egit graviter,
Graviscae Grăviscae, ārum (also Grăvisca, ae, Vell. 1, 15, 2), f., a small town of Etruria, belonging to the territory of Tarquinii, near the modern Le Saline or S. Clementino, on the river Marta, Mel. 2, 4, 9; Plin. 3, 5, 8, § 51; Liv. 40, 29; 41, 16; Verg. A. 10, 184; Sil. 8, 475. Deriv. Grăviscā-nus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Graviscœ, Graviscan: vina,Plin. 14, 6, 8, § 67. In plur. subst.: Grăviscāni, ōrum, m., the inhabitants of Graviscœ, Graviscans, Dig. 31, 1, 30; Inscr. Grut. 407, 1.
gravisonus grăvĭsŏnus, a, um, adj.gravis-sonus, having a deep or heavy sound, as defin. of sonorus, Serv. Verg. A. 1, 53.
gravitas grăvĭtas, ātis, f.gravis, weight, heaviness.Lit., in gen.: omnibus ejus (terrae) partibus in medium vergentibus nihil interrumpat, quo labefactari possit tanta contentio gravitatis et ponderum,Cic. N. D. 2, 45, 116; cf.: per inane moveri gravitate et pondere,id. Fat. 11, 24; Lucr. 3, 1054; cf. also: cuncta necesse est Aut gravitate sua ferri primordia rerum, Aut, etc.,id. 2, 84: nostros propter gravitatem armorum, quod, etc.,Caes. B. G. 5, 16, 1: tum etiam gravitate et tarditate navium impediebantur,id. B. C. 1, 58, 3: ignava nequeunt gravitate moveri,Ov. M. 2, 821: me mea defendit gravitas (corresp. to moles and pondus),id. ib. 9, 39.Transf. Of smell, rankness, offensiveness, fetidness: quorundam odorum suavitati gravitas inest,Plin. 21, 7, 18, § 37: a quibusdam vocatur cynozolon propter gravitatem odoris (shortly before: odore gravissimo),id. 22, 18, 21, § 47: animae,id. 20, 9, 35, § 91: halitus,id. 30, 6, 15, § 44: oris,id. 28, 12, 51, § 190. Of bodily condition, health, severity, vehemence, violence, unwholesomeness; heaviness, dulness, faintness, sickness: corpore vix sustineo gravitatem hujus caeli,Cic. Att. 11, 22, 2: caeli aquarumque,Liv. 23, 34, 11: loci,id. 25, 26, 13: morbi,Cic. N. D. 3, 31, 76: pressus gravitate soporis,Ov. M. 15, 21; cf. id. ib. 11, 618: an quod corporis gravitatem et dolorem animo judicamus, animi morbum corpore non sentimus?
,id. de Or. 2, 17, 72; cf. id. Tusc. 5, 12, 34: genus hoc sermonum positum in hominum veterum auctoritate plus videtur habere gravitatis,id. Lael. 1, 4: quanta illa, di immortales, fuit gravitas! quanta in oratione majestas!id. ib. 25, 96: tristitia et in omni re severitas habet illa quidem gravitatem,id. ib. 18, 66; cf.: erat in illo viro comitate condita gravitas,id. de Sen. 4, 10: gravitate mixtus lepos,id. Rep. 2, 1; cf. also id. Q. Fr. 3, 9, 1: illud me praeclare admones, cum illum videro, ne nimis indulgenter et ut cum gravitate potius loquar,id. Att. 9, 9, 2; 9, 19, 3; id. Fam. 5, 16, 5: de virtute et gravitate Caesaris, quam in summo dolore adhibuisset,id. Q. Fr. 3, 8, 3: personae gravitatem intuentes,id. Tusc. 2, 21, 49; cf.: ego has partes lenitatis et misericordiae semper egi libenter: illam vero gravitatis severitatisque personam non appetivi,id. Mur. 3, 6: haec genera dicendi in senibus gravitatem non habent,id. Brut. 95, 326; id. Rep. 1, 10 fin.: majestas quam vultus gravitasque oris prae se ferebat,Liv. 5, 41, 8: (senarius) quantum accipit celeritatis, tantum gravitatis amittit,Quint. 9, 4, 140.
graviter grăvĭter, adv., v. gravis fin.
gravitudo grăvĭtūdo, ĭnis, f.gravis, a cold in the head, catarrh (very rare): sine ructu et gravitudine,Apic. 3, 6, 76: arterica,Vitr. 1, 6, 3.
graviusculus grăvĭuscŭlus, a, um, adj. dim. [gravis, I. B. 1.], of tones, rather deep: sonus,Gell. 1, 11, 13.
gravo grăvo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.gravis. To charge with a load, to load, burden, weigh down, oppress (mostly poet. and in postAug. prose). Lit.: praefectum castrorum sarcinis gravant,Tac. A. 1, 20; cf.: ferus Actora magno Ense gravat Capaneus,Stat. Th. 10, 257: non est ingenii cymba gravanda tui,Prop. 3, 3 (4, 2), 22: aegraque furtivum membra gravabat onus,Ov. H. 11, 38: gravantur arbores fetu,Lucr. 1, 253; cf.: sunt poma gravantia ramos,Ov. M. 13, 812: ne, si demissior ibis, Unda gravet pennas,id. ib. 8, 205: quia pondus illis abest, nec sese ipsi gravant,Quint. 1, 12, 10: stomacho inutilis, nervis inimicus, caput gravans,Plin. 21, 19, 75, § 128: minui quod gravet (corpus) quolibet modo utilius,id. 11, 53, 119, § 284: ne obsidio ipsa multitudine gravaretur,Just. 14, 2, 3; 38, 10, 8; so in pass.: alia die febre commotus est: tertia cum se gravari videret,
weighed down
,
oppressed
,Capitol. Anton. 12; and esp. in perf. part.: gravatus somno,Plin. 10, 51, 70, § 136; 26, 1, 4, § 6; 33, 1, 6, § 27: vino,Curt. 6, 11, 28: telis,id. 8, 14, 38: ebrietate,id. 5, 7, 11: cibo,Liv. 1, 7, 5: vino somnoque,id. 25, 24, 6. Esp., to make pregnant: uterum,Stat. Th. 2, 614: gravatam esse virginem,Lact. 4, 12, 2; id. Epit. 44, 1; cf.: semper gravata lentiscus, Cic. poët. Div. 1, 9, 16; Paul. ex Fest. p. 95, 15. Trop.To burden, oppress, incommode: nil moror officium, quod me gravat,Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 264: septem milia hominum, quos et ipse gravari militia senserat,Liv. 21, 23, 6: sed magis hoc, quo (mala nostra) sunt cognitiora, gravant,Ov. Tr. 4, 6, 28. To make more grievous, aggravate, increase: tu fortunam parce gravare meam,id. ib. 5, 11, 30: quo gravaret invidiam matris,Tac. A. 14, 12: injusto faenore gravatum aes alienum,Liv. 42, 5, 9. To lower in tone; hence, gram. t. t., to give the grave accent to a vowel (opp. acuo): a littera gravatur,Prisc. 539, 573 P.Transf., as v. dep.: grăvor, ātus (lit., to be burdened with any thing, to feel burdened; hence), to feel incommoded, vexed, wearied, or annoyed at any thing; to take amiss, to bear with reluctance, to regard as a burden, to do unwillingly (class.); in Cic. only absol. or with an object-clause, afterwards also constr. with acc.Absol.: non gravabor,Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 49: quid gravare? id. Stich. 3, 2, 22: quamquam gravatus fuisti, non nocuit tamen,id. ib. 5, 4, 40: ne gravare,Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 19: primo gravari coepit, quod invidiam atque offensionem timere dicebat,Cic. Clu. 25, 69: ego vero non gravarer si, etc.,id. Lael. 5, 17: nec gravatus senex dicitur locutus esse, etc.,Liv. 9, 3, 9: ille non gravatus, Primum, inquit, etc.,Varr. R. R. 1, 3: spem ac metum juxta gravatus Vitellius ictum venis intulit,Tac. A. 6, 3: benignus erga me ut siet: ne gravetur,Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 15. With an object-clause: rogo, ut ne graveris exaedificare id opus, quod instituisti,Cic. de Or. 1, 35, 164; 1, 23, 107; id. Fam. 7, 14, 1: ne graventur, sua quoque ad eum postulata deferre,Caes. B. C. 1, 9: quod illi quoque gravati prius essent ad populandam Macedoniam exire,Liv. 31, 46, 4: tibi non gravabor reddere dilatae pugnae rationem,id. 34, 38, 3; Curt. 9, 1, 8; 6, 8, 12; Suet. Aug. 34 al. With acc.: Pegasus terrenum equitem gravatus Bellerophontem,
disdaining to bear
,
throwing off
,Hor. C. 4, 11, 27: at illum acerbum et sanguinarium necesse est graventur stipatores sui,
gregalis grĕgālis, e, adj.grex, of or belonging to the herd or flock.Lit.: equi,Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 6: equae,Plin. 10, 63, 83, § 181: pecua,App. M. 6, p. 182.Transf., in gen., belonging to the same host or multitude. In a good sense, subst.: grĕ-gāles, ĭum, m., comrades, companions: nos nihil sumus, gregalibus illis, quibus te plaudente vigebamus, amissis,Cic. Fam. 7, 33, 1; id. de Or. 2, 62, 253. In a bad sense, of the common sort, common (mostly post-Aug.): gregali sagulo amictus,i. e.
gregarius grĕgārĭus, a, um, adj.id., of or belonging to a flock or herd.Lit.: gregariorum pastorum disciplinam repudiasse,Col. 6 praef. § 1.Transf., in gen., of the common sort, common (most freq. in milit. lang.): milites, common soldiers, privates, in opp. to the officers: id etiam gregarii milites faciunt inviti, ut, etc.,Cic. Planc. 30, 72; Sall. C. 38, 6; Curt. 7, 2; and in sing.: miles,Liv. 42, 34, 5; Tac. H. 5, 1: eques,id. ib. 3, 51: gregariam militiam sortitus,Just. 22, 1. Rarely beyond the milit. sphere: poëta,Sid. Ep. 9, 15.
gregatim grĕgātim, adv.id., in flocks, herds, or swarms.Lit., of animals: haec facienda, si gregatim pecora laborant: illa deinceps, si singula,Col. 6, 5 fin.: apes rempublicam habent, consilia privatim ac duces gregatim,Plin. 11, 5, 4, § 11: elephanti gregatim semper ingrediuntur,id. 8, 5, 5, § 11; 9, 15, 18, § 47.Transf., in troops or crowds: videtis cives Romanos gregatim conjectos in lautumias,Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 57, § 148; Just. 13, 8; Plin. 4, 12, 26, § 89: accidit, ut nova contra genera morborum gregatim sentirentur,i. e.
grego grĕgo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.id., to collect into a flock or herd, to gather into a host, to collect, assemble (poet. and only postAug.): Levitas ad se gregavit,Sulp. Sev. Chron. 1, 19, 6: Idaliae volucres caeloque domoque gregatae,Stat. Achill. 1, 373: oves,Paul. Nol. Carm. 17, 200: solus qui caedibus hausi Quinquaginta animas: totidem totidemque gregati Ferte manus, all together, Stat. Th. 8, 668 (al. gregatim).
gremialis grĕmĭālis, e, adj.gremium, growing in a cluster from the stump, pollard: si arbores caeduae fuerunt vel gremiales,Dig. 24, 3, 7, § 12.
gressio gressĭo, ōnis, f.gradior, a stepping, step, pace, Pac. ap. Macr. S. 6, 5.
gressus gressus, a, um, Part., from gradior.
gressus gressus, ūs, m.gradior, a stepping, going, step, course, way.Lit. (poet. and post-class.; cf.: gradus, passus, incessus, ingressus): tendere gressum ad moenia,Verg. A. 1, 410; so in sing., id. ib. 6, 389; 11, 29. In plur.: gressus glomerare superbos,Verg. G. 3, 117; 4, 360; Val. Fl. 1, 183; Plin. 8, 12, 12, § 33; Gell. 1, 11, 6; 11, 13, 10.Transf.Poet., of the course of a vessel: huc dirige gressum,Verg. A. 5, 162.A pace, as a measure of length, Gromat. Vet. p. 373, 9.
grex grex, grĕgis, m. (fem., Lucil. ap. Charis. p. 72 P.; Lucr. 2, 662; Inscr. ap. Maff. Mus. Veron. 127, 4) [Sanscr. root jar-, come together; Gr. ἀγείρω, ἀγορά], a flock, herd, drove, swarm (cf.: armentum, jumentum, pecus). Lit., of animals: pecudes dispulsae sui generis sequuntur greges,Cic. Att. 7, 7, 7; cf.: greges armentorum reliquique pecoris,id. Phil. 3, 12, 31: nobilissimarum equarum,Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 7, § 20: asinorum,Varr. R. R. 2, 6, 2: lanigeri,Verg. G. 3, 287: vir gregis ipse caper,id. E. 7, 7; cf.: dux gregis,i. e.
,Hor. Ep. 1, 9, 13: philosophorum,Cic. de Or. 1, 10, 42: ille virorum (of the Fabians),Sil. 7, 58: Cethegus libertos suos orabat, uti grege facto cum telis ad se irrumperent,i. e.
gricenea griceneafunis crassus, acc. to Paul. ex Fest. p. 99, 4 Müll.
Grinnes Grinnes, ium, f., a place in Gallia Belgica, near the modern Druten or Warich and Bochstein, Tac. H. 5, 20.
griphus grīphus, i, m., = γρῖφος (a net; hence transf.), an intricate or puzzling question, a riddle, enigma (post-class. and very rare): griphos dissolvere,Gell. 1, 4, 4; v. App. Flor. 9; Aus. Idyll. 11.
groco groco, āre, 1, v. n., to croak as a raven, Apul. de Deo Soc. prol. p. 366, 19 (Hild. crocare).
groma grōma or grūma, ae, f.A surveyor's pole or measuring-rod, acc. to Paul. ex Fest. s. v. p. 72 Müll. and Non. 63, 6. Hence, Transf., the centre of a camp, where the measuring-rod was planted, so as to divide the camp into four quarters by streets meeting at that point, Hyg. de Limit. p. 164 Goes.
gromaticus grōmātĭcus (grūm-), a, um, adj.groma, of or belonging to field-surveying or castrametation.Adj.: disciplina,Cassiod. Varr. 3, 52.Subst.: grōmā-tĭca (grūm-), ae, f., the art of field-surveying or castrametation, Cassiod. Varr. 3, 52.grōmātĭci, ōrum, m., writers on field-surveying, Hyg. de Mun. Castr. § 12.
gromphaena gromphaena, ae, f., a kind of amaranth: Amaranthus tricolor, Linn.; Plin. 26, 7, 23, § 40.
gromphena gromphēna, ae, f., a Sardinian bird of the crane species, Plin. 30, 15, 52, § 146.
grosa grosa, ae, f., a tool of a silversmith, Arn. 6, 14.
grosphus grosphus, i, m., = γρόσφος, the point of a javelin, Arn. 6, 200.
Grosphus Grosphus, a Roman surname, Hor. C. 2, 16lemm.
grumulus grūmŭlus, i, m.dim.grumus, a little hill, hillock (post-Aug.), Plin. 19, 6, 34, § 112; App. M. 6; Ambros. de Elia, 6, 18.
grumus grūmus, i, m., a little heap, hillock of earth: grumus terrae collectio minor tumulo, Paul. ex Fest. p. 96 Müll.; Att. ap. Non. 15, 24; Col. 2, 17, 4; Vitr. 2, 1; 8, 3; Auct. B. Hisp. 24.
Grundiles Grundīles or Grundūles, ium, m., an appellation of the Lares, Cass. Hem. ap. Diom. p. 379 P.; Non. 114, 31; Arn. 1, 15.
Grunium Grūnĭum, v. Grynium.
grunnio grunnĭo (also ante-class. grundio), īvi or ĭi, ītum, 4, v. n., to grunt.Lit., said of swine: grunnit tepido lacte satur, Varr. ap. Non. 114, 27: grunnientem aspexi scrofam, Laber. ib. 30: Apion maximum piscium esse tradit porcum: grunnire eum, cum capiatur,Plin. 32, 2, 9, § 19; Juv. 15, 22: grundibat graviter pecus suillum, Quadrig. ap. Diom. p. 379 P.Transf., of other creatures: agni grundibant, Quadrig. ap. Non. 465, 1: cruento ita ore grundibat miser, Caecil. ib. (Com. Fragm. v. 103 Rib.).
grunnitus grunnītus, ūs, m.grunnio, a grunting of swine: aut grunnitum (audiunt), cum jugulatur, suis,Cic. Tusc. 5, 40, 116.
gruo grŭo, ĕre, v. n.grus, the note of the crane, to crunk, crunkle: gruere dicuntur grues, ut sues grunnire, Paul. ex Fest. p. 97: grus gruit, Auct. Carm. de Philom. 23.
Gryllus Gryllus, i, m., =Γρύλλος, a Greek proper name.A son of Xenophon, who fell in the battle at Mantinea, and was celebrated by Aristotle in a monogram entitledΓρύλλος, Quint. 2, 17, 14.A Roman proper name, Mart. 1, 60, 3; 2, 14, 13.
Grynia Grȳnīa, ae, f., and Grȳnĭum (also Grūnium in some editt. of Nep.), ii, n., = Γρύνεια and Γρύνιον, a small town in Æolis, with a temple of Apollo, Plin. 5, 30, 32, § 121; 32, 6, 21, § 59; Nep. Alc. 9, 3. Deriv. Grȳnēus, a, um, adj., = Γρύνειος, of or belonging to Grynia, Grynian: Apollo,Verg. A. 4, 345: nemus,id. E. 6, 72.
gryps gryps, gryphis (grȳphus, i, Mel. 2, 1, 1; 3, 7, 2), m., = γρύψ, a fabulous fourfooted bird, a griffin: Pegasos equino capite volucres et gryphas auritos aduncitate rostri fabulosos reor, illos in Scythia, hos in Aethiopia,Plin. 10, 49, 70, § 136; Mel. 2, 1, 1; Claud. VI. Cons. Hon. 30; Sid. Carm. 22, 66 and 67. Prov.: Jungentur jam grypes equis,i. e.