ex
ex or ē (ex always before vowels, and elsewh. more freq. than e; e. g. in Cic. Rep. e occurs 19 times, but ex 61 times, before consonants
but no rule can be given for the usage; cf., e. g., ex and e together: qui ex corporum vinculis tamquam e carcere evolaverunt, Cic. Rep. 6, 14. But certain expressions have almost constantly the same form, as ex parte, ex sententia, ex senatus consulto, ex lege, ex tempore, etc.; but e regione, e re nata, e vestigio, e medio, and e republica used adverbially; v. Neue, Formenl. 2, 756 sq.), praep. with abl. [kindr. with Gr. ἐκ, ἐξ], denotes out from the interior of a thing, in opposition to in (cf. ab and de init.), out of, from. In space. Prop.: interea e portu nostra navis solvitur, Ubi portu exiimus, etc., Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 54: quam (sphaeram) M. Marcelli avus captis Syracusis ex urbe locupletissima atque ornatissima sustulisset, cum aliud nihil ex tanta praeda domum suam deportavisset, Cic. Rep. 1, 14: influxit non tenuis quidam e Graecia rivulus in hanc urbem, id. ib. 2, 19: visam, ecquae advenerit In portum ex Epheso navis mercatoria, Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 2; cf. id. ib. 3, 2, 5; 3, 6, 32 al.: magno de flumine malim quam ex hoc fonticulo tantundem sumere, Hor. S. 1, 1, 56; cf.: nec vos de paupere mensa Dona nec e puris spernite fictilibus, Tib. 1, 1, 38: clanculum ex aedibus me edidi foras, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 9; so freq. with verbs compounded with ex; also with verbs compounded with ab and de, v. abeo, abscedo, amoveo, aveho, etc.; decedo, deduco, defero, deicio, etc. In a downward direction, from, down from, from off: ex spelunca saxum in crura ejus incidisse, Cic. Fat. 3, 6; cf. Liv. 35, 21: picis e caelo demissum flumen, Lucr. 6, 257: equestribus proeliis saepe ex equis desiliunt, Caes. B. G. 4, 2, 3; cf.: cecidisse ex equo dicitur, Cic. Clu. 62 fin.: e curru trahitur, id. Rep. 2, 41: e curru desilit, Ov. A. A. 1, 559 et saep., v. cado, decido, decurro, deduco, delabor, elabor, etc. In an upward direction, from, above: collis paululum ex planitie editus, Caes. B. G. 2, 8, 3: globum terrae eminentem e mari, Cic. Tusc. 1, 28; and trop.: consilia erigendae ex tam gravi casu rei publicae, Liv. 6, 2. Transf. To indicate the country, and, in gen., the place from or out of which any person or thing comes, from: ex Aethiopia est usque haec, Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 18: quod erat ex eodem municipio, Cic. Clu. 17, 49; cf. id. ib. 5, 11.
Freq. without a verb: Philocrates ex Alide, Plaut. Capt. 3, 2, 10: ex Aethiopia ancillula, Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 85 Ruhnk.: negotiator ex Africa, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 5: Epicurei e Graecia, id. N. D. 1, 21, 58: Q. Junius ex Hispania quidam, Caes. B. G. 5, 27: ex India elephanti, Liv. 35, 32: civis Romanus e conventu Panhormitano, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 54 Zumpt; cf. id. ib. 2, 5, 59 fin.: meretrix e proxumo, Plaut. As. 1, 1, 38; cf. id. Aul. 2, 4, 11: puer ex aula (sc. regis barbari), Hor. C. 1, 29, 7: ex spelunca saxum, Cic. Fat. 3, 6: saxum ex capitolio, Liv. 35, 21, 6: ex equo cadere, Cic. Clu. 32, 175; cf. id. Fat. 3, 6; Auct. B. Hisp. 15 et saep. To indicate the place from which any thing is done or takes place, from, down from: ibi tum derepente ex alto in altum despexit mare, Enn. ap. Non. 518, 6 (for which: a summo caelo despicere, Ov. A. A. 2, 87; and: de vertice montis despicere, id. M. 11, 503); cf.: T. Labienus ... ex loco superiore conspicatus, etc., Caes. B. G. 2, 26, 4: ex qua (villa) jam audieram fremitum clientium meorum, Cic. Fam. 7, 18, 3: ex hoc ipso loco permulta contra legem eam verba fecisti, id. de Imp. Pomp. 17, 52; so id. ib. 8 fin.; cf.: judices aut e plano aut e quaesitoris tribunali admonebat, Suet. Tib. 33: ex equo, ex prora, ex puppi pugnare, Plin. 7, 56, 57, § 202 and 209; cf. Caes. B. G. 2, 27, 3: ex vinculis causam dicere, id. ib. 1, 4, 1; Liv. 29, 19.
Hence the adverbial expressions, ex adverso, ex diverso, ex contrario, e regione, ex parte, e vestigio, etc.; v. the words adversus, diversus, etc.
Also, ex itinere, during or on a journey, on the march, without halting, Cic. Fam. 3, 9; Sall. C. 34, 2; Liv. 35, 24; Caes. B. G. 2, 6, 1; 3, 21, 2; id. B. C. 1, 24, 4; Sall. J. 56, 3 al.; cf. also: ex fuga, during the flight, Caes. B. G. 6, 35, 6; id. B. C. 3, 95; 96 fin.; Sall. J. 54, 4 Kritz.; Liv. 6, 29; 28, 23 al. In time. From a certain point of time, i. e. immediately after, directly after, after (in this sense more freq. than ab): Cotta ex consulatu est profectus in Galliam, Cic. Brut. 92, 318; so, ex consulatu, Liv. 4, 31 Drak.; 40, 1 fin.; 22, 49; 27, 34; Vell. 2, 33, 1 al.: ex praetura, Cic. Leg. 1, 20, 53; id. Mur. 7, 15; Caes. B. C. 1, 22, 4; 1, 31, 2: ex dictatura, Liv. 10, 5 fin.: ex eo magistratu, Vell. 2, 31 et saep.; cf.: Agrippa ex Asia (pro consule eam provinciam annuo imperio tenuerat) Moesiae praepositus est, Tac. H. 3, 46 fin.: statim e somno lavantur, id. G. 22: tanta repente vilitas annonae ex summa inopia et caritate rei frumentariae consecuta est, Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 15, 44; cf. Liv. 21, 39: ex aliquo graviore actu personam deponere, Quint. 6, 2, 35: mulier ex partu si, etc., Cels. 2, 8: ex magnis rupibus nactus planitiem, Caes. B. C. 1, 70, 3; cf.: ex maximo bello tantum otium totae insulae conciliavit, ut, etc., Nop. Timol. 3, 2; and: ex magna desperatione tandem saluti redditus, Just. 12, 10, 1 et saep.: ex quo obses Romae fuit, since he was a hostage in Rome, Liv. 40, 5 fin.
So the phrase, aliud ex alio, one thing after another: me quotidie aliud ex alio impedit, Cic. Fam. 9, 19 fin.; Cic. Leg. 1, 4, 14 (cf. also, alius, D.): aliam rem ex alia cogitare, Ter. Eun. 4, 2, 3: alia ex aliis iniquiora postulando, Liv. 4, 2.
So, too, diem ex die exspectabam, one day after another, from day to day, Cic. Att. 7, 26 fin.; cf.: diem ex die ducere, Caes. B. G. 1, 16, 5 (v. dies, I. A. b.). With names of office or calling, to denote one who has completed his term of office, or has relinquished his vocation. So in class. Lat. very dub.; for the passage, Caes. B. C. 1, 46, 4, belongs more correctly under III. B. It is, however, very common in post-class. Lat., esp. in inscriptions
ex consule, ex comite, ex duce, ex equite, ex praefecto, etc.
an ex-consul, etc. (for which, without good MS. authority, the nominatives exconsul, excomes, exdux, etc., are sometimes assumed, in analogy with proconsul, and subvillicus; cf. Schneid. Gram. 1, p. 562, note, and the authors there cited): vir excelsus ex quaestore et ex consule Tribonianus, Cod. Just. 1, 17, 2, § 9; cf.: Pupienus et Balbinus, ambo ex consulibus, Capitol. Gord. 22: duo ante ipsam aram a Gallicano ex consulibus et Maecenate ex ducibus interempti sunt, id. ib.: mandabat Domitiano, ex comite largitionum, praefecto, ut, etc., Amm. 14, 7, 9: Serenianus ex duce, id. 14, 7, 7: INLVSTRIS EX PRAEFECTO praeTORIO ET EX PRAEFECTO VRbis, Inscr. Orell. 2355 al., v. Inscr. Orell. in Indice, p. 525.
And of a period of life: quem si Constans Imperator olim ex adulto jamque maturum audiret, etc., i. e. who had outgrown the period of youth, and was now a man, Amm. 16, 7. From and after a given time, from ... onward, from, since (cf. ab, II. A. 2.): bonus volo jam ex hoc die esse, Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 10: itaque ex eo tempore res esse in vadimonium coepit, Cic. Quint. 5 fin.: nec vero usquam discedebam, nec a republica deiciebam oculos, ex eo die, quo, etc., id. Phil. 1, 1: ex aeterno tempore, id. Fin. 1, 6, 17: ex hoc die, id. Rep. 1, 16: motum ex Metello consule civicum tractas, from the consulship of Metellus, Hor. C. 2, 1, 1: C. Pompeius Diogenes ex Kalendis Juliis cenaculum locat, Petr. 38, 10; so usually in forms of hiring; cf. Garaton. Cic. Phil. 2, 39, 100: ex ea die ad hanc diem, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 12 fin.: memoria tenent, me ex Kalendis Januariis ad hanc horam invigilasse rei publicae, id. Phil. 14, 7, 20.
Esp.: ex quo (sc. tempore), since: octavus annus est, ex quo, etc., Tac. Agr. 33; id. A. 14, 53: sextus decimus dies agitur, ex quo, id. H. 1, 29: sextus mensis est, ex quo, Curt. 10, 6, 9; Hor. Ep. 11, 5; so, ex eo, Tac. A. 12, 7; Suet. Caes. 22: ex illo, Ov. F. 5, 670; Stat. Silv. 1, 2, 81. Less freq. in specifying a future date (after which something is to be done), from, after: Romae vereor ne ex Kal. Jan. magni tumultus sint, Cic. Fam. 16, 9, 3: hunc judicem ex Kal. Jan. non habemus ... ex Kal. Jan. non judicabunt, Cic. Verr. 1, 10: ex Idibus Mart. ... ex Idibus Mai., id. Att. 5, 21, 9. In other relations, and in gen. where a going out or forth, a coming or springing out of any thing is conceivable. With verbs of taking out, or, in gen., of taking, receiving, deriving (both physically and mentally; so of perceiving, comprehending, inquiring, learning, hoping, etc.), away from, from, out of, of: solem e mundo tollere videntur, qui amicitiam e vita tollunt, Cic. Lael. 13, 47: ex omni populo deligendi potestas, id. Agr. 2, 9, 23: agro ex hoste capto, Liv. 41, 14, 3: cui cum liceret majores ex otio fructus capere, Cic. Rep. 1, 4: ex populo Romano bona accipere, Sall. J. 102: majorem laetitiam ex desiderio bonorum percepimus, quam ex laetitia improborum dolorem, Cic. Rep. 1, 4: quaesierat ex me Scipio, id. ib. 1, 13: ex te requirunt, id. ib. 2, 38: de quo studeo ex te audire, quid sentias, id. ib. 1, 11 fin.; 1, 30; 1, 46; 2, 38; cf.: intellexi ex tuis litteris te ex Turannio audisse, etc., id. Att. 6, 9, 3: ex eo cum ab ineunte ejus aetate bene speravissem, id. Fam. 13, 16 et saep.; cf.: ex aliqua re aliquid nominare, id. N. D. 2, 20, 51: vocare, Tac. G. 2, 4; cf. id. ib. 4, 55; Sall. J. 5, 4. In specifying a multitude from which something is taken, or of which it forms a part, out of, of: qui ex civitate in senatum, ex senatu in hoc consilium delecti estis, Cic. Rosc. Am. 3 fin.: e vectoribus sorte ductus, id. Rep. 1, 34: ecquis est ex tanto populo, qui? etc., id. Rab. Post. 17: homo ex numero disertorum postulabat, ut, etc., id. de Or. 1, 37, 168: Q. Fulgentius, ex primo hastato (sc. ordine) legionis XIV., i. e. a soldier of the first division of hastati of the 14th legion, Caes. B. C. 1, 46; v. hastatus: e barbaris ipsis nulli erant maritimi, Cic. Rep. 2, 4: unus ex illis decemviris, id. ib. 2, 37: ex omnibus seculis vix tria aut quatuor nominantur paria amicorum, id. Lael. 4, 15: aliquis ex vobis, id. Cael. 3, 7; id. Fam. 13, 1 fin.: id enim ei ex ovo videbatur aurum declarasse; reliquum, argentum, this of the egg, id. Div. 2, 65: quo e collegio (sc. decemvirorum), id. Rep. 2, 36: virgines ex sacerdotio Vestae, Flor. 1, 13, 12: alia ex hoc quaestu, Ter. Hec. 5, 1, 29 Ruhnk.; cf.: fuit eodem ex studio vir eruditus apud patres nostros, Cic. Mur. 36; Ov. Am. 2, 5, 54; Sen. Ben. 3, 9; id. Ep. 52, 3: qui sibi detulerat ex latronibus suis principatum, Cic. Phil. 2, 3: est tibi ex his, qui assunt, bella copia, id. Rep. 2, 40: Batavi non multum ex ripa, sed insulam Rheni amnis colunt, Tac. G. 29: acerrimum autem ex omnibus nostris sensibus esse sensum videndi, Cic. de Or. 2, 87, 357: ex tribus istis modis rerum publicarum velim scire quod optimum judices, id. Rep. 1, 30; cf. id. ib. 1, 35 et saep. Sometimes a circumlocution for the subject. gen., of (cf. de): has (turres) altitudo puppium ex barbaris navibus superabat, Caes. B. G. 3, 14, 4: album ex ovo cum rosa mixtum, Cels. 4, 20: ex fraxino frondes, ex leguminibus paleae, Col. 7, 3, 21 sq. To indicate the material of which any thing is made or consists, of: fenestrae e viminibus factae, Varr. R. R. 3, 9, 6; cf.: statua ex aere facta, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 21; and: ex eo auro buculam curasse faciendam, id. Div. 1, 24: substramen e palea, Varr. R. R. 3, 10, 4: pocula ex auro, vas vinarium ex una gemma pergrandi, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 27: monilia e gemmis, Suet. Calig. 56: farina ex faba, Cels. 5, 28: potiones ex absinthio, id. ib. et saep.: Ennius (i. e. statua ejus) constitutus ex marmore, Cic. Arch. 9 fin.; cf. id. Ac. 2, 31, 100: (homo) qui ex animo constet et corpore caduco et infirmo, id. N. D. 1, 35, 98: natura concreta ex pluribus naturis, id. ib. 3, 14; id. Rep. 1, 45; id. Ac. 1, 2, 6: cum Epicuro autem hoc est plus negotii, quod e duplici genere voluptatis conjunctus est, id. Fin. 2, 14, 44 et saep. To denote technically the material, out of, i. e. with which any thing to eat or drink, etc., is mixed or prepared (esp. freq. of medical preparations): resinam ex melle Aegyptiam, Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 28: quo pacto ex jure hesterno panem atrum vorent, Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 17: bibat jejunus ex aqua castoreum, Cels. 3, 23: aqua ex lauro decocta, id. 4, 2; cf.: farina tritici ex aceto cocta, Plin. 22, 25, 57, § 120: pullum hirundinis servatum ex sale, Cels. 4, 4: nuclei pinei ex melle, panis vel elota alica ex aqua mulsa (danda est), id. 4, 7 et saep.
So of the mixing of colors or flavors: bacae e viridi rubentes, Plin. 15, 30, 39, § 127: frutex ramosus, bacis e nigro rufis, id. ib. § 132: id solum e rubro lacteum traditur, id. 12, 14, 30, § 52: e viridi pallens, id. 37, 8, 33, § 110: apes ex aureolo variae, Col. 9, 3, 2: sucus ex austero dulcis, Plin. 13, 9, 18, § 62; 21, 8, 26, § 50: ex dulci acre, id. 11, 15, 15, § 39; cf. trop.: erat totus ex fraude et mendacio factus, Cic. Clu. 26. To indicate the cause or reason of any thing, from, through, by, by reason of, on account of: cum esset ex aere alieno commota civitas, Cic. Rep. 2, 33: ex doctrina nobilis et clarus, id. Rab. Post. 9, 23: ex vulnere aeger, id. Rep. 2, 21; cf.: ex renibus laborare, id. Tusc. 2, 25: ex gravitate loci vulgari morbos, Liv. 25, 26: ex vino vacillantes, hesterna ex potatione oscitantes, Quint. 8, 33, 66: gravida e Pamphilo est, Ter. And. 1, 3, 11: credon' tibi hoc, nunc peperisse hanc e Pamphilo? id. ib. 3, 2, 17: ex se nati, Cic. Rep. 1, 35: ex quodam conceptus, id. ib. 2, 21: ex nimia potentia principum oritur interitus principum, id. ib. 1, 44: ex hac maxima libertate tyrannis gignitur, id. ib. et saep.: ex te duplex nos afficit sollicitudo, Cic. Brut. 97, 332; cf.: quoniam tum ex me doluisti, nunc ut duplicetur tuum ex me gaudium, praestabo, id. Fam. 16, 21, 3: in spem victoriae adductus ex opportunitate loci, Sall. J. 48, 2: veritus ex anni tempore et inopia aquae, ne siti conficeretur exercitus, id. ib. 50, 1 et saep.: ex Transalpinis gentibus triumphare, Cic. Phil. 8, 6, 18; id. Off. 2, 8, 28; cf. id. Fam. 3, 10, 1: gens Fabia saepe ex opulentissima Etrusca civitate victoriam tulit, Liv. 2, 50: ex tam propinquis stativis parum tuta frumentatio erat, i. e. on account of the proximity of the two camps, Liv. 31, 36: qua ex causa cum bellum Romanis Sabini intulissent, Cic. Rep. 2, 7: hic mihi (credo equidem ex hoc, quod eramus locuti) Africanus se ostendit, id. ib. 6, 10: quod ex eo sciri potest, quia, etc., id. Tusc. 1, 18 fin.; cf. id. Leg. 1, 15, 43: causa ... fuit ex eo, quod, etc., id. Phil. 6, 1: ex eo fieri, ut, etc., id. Lael. 13, 46: ex quo fit, ut, etc., id. Rep. 1, 43: e quo efficitur, non ut, etc., id. Fin. 2, 5, 15 et saep.
Sometimes between two substantives without a verb: non minor ex aqua postea quam ab hostibus clades, Flor. 4, 10, 8: ex nausea vomitus, Cels. 4, 5: ex hac clade atrox ira, Liv. 2, 51, 6: metus ex imperatore, contemptio ex barbaris, Tac. A. 11, 20: ex legato timor, id. Agr. 16 et saep. In partic., to indicate that from which any thing derives its name, from, after, on account of: cui postea Africano cognomen ex virtute fuit, Sall. J. 5, 4; cf. Flor. 2, 6, 11: cui (sc. Tarquinio) cognomen Superbo ex moribus datum, id. 1, 7, 1: nomen ex vitio positum, Ov. F. 2, 601: quarum ex disparibus motionibus magnum annum mathematici nominaverunt, Cic. N. D. 2, 20; id. Leg. 1, 8; cf. id. Tusc. 4, 12; Plin. 11, 37, 45, § 123: holosteon sine duritia est, herba ex adverso appellata a Graecis, id. 27, 10, 65, § 91: quam urbem e suo nomine Romam jussit nominari, Cic. Rep. 2, 7: e nomine (nominibus), id. ib. 2, 20; Tac. A. 4, 55; id. G. 2; Just. 15, 4, 8; 20, 5, 9 et saep. To indicate a transition, i. e. a change, alteration, from one state or condition to another, from, out of: si possum tranquillum facere ex irato mihi, Plaut. Cist. 3, 21: fierent juvenes subito ex infantibus parvis, Lucr. 1, 186: dii ex hominibus facti, Cic. Rep. 2, 10: ut exsistat ex rege dominus, ex optimatibus factio, ex populo turba et confusio, id. ib. 1, 45: nihil est tam miserabile quam ex beato miser, id. Part. 17; cf.: ex exsule consul, id. Manil. 4, 46: ex perpetuo annuum placuit, ex singulari duplex, Flor. 1, 9, 2: tua virtute nobis Romanos ex amicis amicissimos fecisti, Sall. J. 10: ex alto sapore excitati, Curt. 7, 11, 18. Ex (e) re, ex usu or ex injuria, to or for the advantage or injury of any one: ex tua re non est, ut ego emoriar, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 102; 104; cf. Ter. Phorm. 5, 7, 76: Cervius haec inter vicinus garrit aniles Ex re fabellas, i. e. fitting, suitable, pertinent (= pro commodo, quae cum re proposita conveniant), Hor. S. 2, 6, 78: aliquid facere bene et e re publica, for the good, the safety of the state, Cic. Phil. 10, 11, 25: e (not ex) re publica, id. ib. 3, 12, 30; 8, 4, 13; id. de Or. 2, 28, 124; id. Fam. 13, 8, 2; Liv. 23, 24; Suet. Caes. 19 et saep.: exque re publica, Cic. Phil. 3, 15, 38; 5, 13, 36: non ex usu nostro est, Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 60; Ter. Hec. 4, 3, 10; Caes. B. G. 1, 30, 2; 1, 50 fin.; 5, 6 fin. al.; cf.: ex utilitate, Plin. Pan. 67, 4; Tac. A. 15, 43: ex nullius injuria, Liv. 45, 44, 11. To designate the measure or rule, according to, after, in conformity with which any thing is done: (majores) primum jurare EX SVI ANIMI SENTENTIA quemque voluerunt, Cic. Ac. 2, 47 fin. (cf. Beier, Cic. Off. 3, 29, 108, and the references): ex omnium sententia constitutum est, etc., id. Clu. 63, 177; cf.: ex senatus sententia, id. Fam. 12, 4: ex collegii sententia, Liv. 4, 53: ex amicorum sententia, id. 40, 29: ex consilii sententia, id. 45, 29 et saep.; cf. also: ex sententia, i. q. ex voluntate, according to one's wish, Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 96: Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 32; Cic. Fam. 12, 10, 2; id. Att. 5, 21 al.; and, in a like sense: ex mea sententia, Plaut. Men. 2, 2, 1; id. Merc. 2, 3, 36: ex senatus consulto, Cic. Rep. 3, 18; Sall. C. 42 fin.: ex edicto, ex decreto, Cic. Fam. 13, 56 fin.; id. Quint. 8, 30: ex lege, id. Div. in Caecil. 5, 19; id. Clu. 37, 103; id. Inv. 1, 38, 68: ex jure, Enn. ap. Gell. 20, 10, 4 (Ann. v. 276 ed. Vahl.); Varr. L. L. 6, § 64 Müll.; Cic. Mur. 12, 26; id. de Or. 1, 10, 41: ex foedere, Liv. 1, 23 et saep.: hunccine erat aequum ex illius more, an illum ex hujus vivere? Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 29; so, ex more, Sall. J. 61, 3; Verg. A. 5, 244; 8, 186; Ov. M. 14, 156; 15, 593; Plin. Ep. 3, 18; Flor. 4, 2, 79 al.; cf.: ex consuetudine, Cic. Clu. 13, 38; Caes. B. G. 1, 52, 4; 4, 32, 1; Sall. J. 71, 4; Quint. 2, 7, 1 al.: quod esse volunt e virtute, id est honeste vivere, Cic. Fin. 2, 11, 34: ex sua libidine moderantur, Ter. Heaut. 2, 1, 4; cf. Sall. C. 8, 1: ut magis ex animo rogare nihil possim, Cic. Fam. 13, 8, 3: eorum ex ingenio ingenium horum probant, Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 42; cf. Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 118; Balb. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 7, A.: leges ex utilitate communi, non ex scriptione, quae in litteris est, interpretari, Cic. Inv. 1, 38; cf. id. Lael. 6, 21: nemo enim illum ex trunco corporis spectabat, sed ex artificio comico aestimabat, id. Rosc. Com. 10, 28; cf. Sall. C. 10, 5; Caes. B. G. 3, 20, 1; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 4, 2 al.: ex tuis verbis meum futurum corium pulcrum praedicas, Plaut. Ep. 5, 1, 19; cf. Cic. Fam. 7, 17; id. Att. 1, 3: nunc quae scribo, scribo ex opinione hominum atque fama, id. Fam. 12, 4 fin.: scripsit Tiberio, non ut profugus aut supplex, sed ex memoria prioris fortunae, Tac. A. 2, 63: quamquam haec quidem res non solum ex domestica est ratione; attingit etiam bellicam, Cic. Off. 1, 22, 76; cf. id. Quint. 11; 15 et saep.
E re rata, v. ratus. To form adverbial expressions, such as: ex aequo, ex commodo, ex contrario, ex composito, ex confesso, ex destinato, ex diverso, ex facili, etc., ex affluenti, ex continenti; ex improviso, ex inopinato, etc., v. the words aequus, commodus, etc.!*? Ex placed after its noun: variis ex, Lucr. 2, 791: terris ex, id. 6, 788: quibus e sumus uniter apti, id. 3, 839; 5, 949.
E joined with que: que sacra quercu, Verg. E. 7, 13. In composition, ex (cf. dis) before vowels and h, and before c, p, q, t (exagito, exeo, exigo, exoro, exuro, exhaurio; excedo, expello, exquiro, extraho); ef (sometimes ec) before f (effero, effluo, effringo; also in good MSS. ecfero, ecfari, ecfodio), elsewhere e (eblandior, educo, egredior, eicio, eligo, emitto, enitor, evado, eveho). A few exceptions are found, viz., in ex: epoto and epotus as well as expotus, and escendo as well as exscensio; in e: exbibo as well as ebibo; exballisto, exbola; exdorsuo; exfututa as well as effutuo; exfibulo; exlex, etc. After ex in compounds s is often elided in MSS. and edd. Both forms are correct, but the best usage and analogy favor the retaining of the s; so, exsaevio, exsanguis, exscensio, exscindo, exscribo, exsculpo, exseco, exsecror, exsequiae, exsequor, exsero, exsicco, exsilio, exsilium, exsisto, exsolvo, exsomnis, exsorbeo, exsors, exspecto, exspes, exspiro, exspolio, exspuo, exsterno, exstimulo, exstinguo, exstirpo, exsto, exstruo, exsudo, exsugo, exsul, exsulto, exsupero, exsurgo, exsuscito, and some others, with their derivv.; cf. Ribbeck, Prol. Verg. p. 445 sq. Only in escendere and escensio is the elision of x before s sustained by preponderant usage; cf. Neue, Formenl. 2, p. 766. Signification. Primarily and most freq. of place, out or forth: exeo, elabor, educo, evado, etc.; and in an upward direction: emineo, effervesco, effero, erigo, exsurgo, exsulto, extollo, everto, etc.
Hence also, trop., out of (a former nature), as in effeminare, qs. to change out of his own nature into that of a woman: effero, are, to render wild; thus ex comes to denote privation or negation, Engl. un-: exanimare, excusare, enodare, exonerare, effrenare, egelidus, I., elinguis, elumbis, etc. Throughout, to the end: effervesco, effero, elugeo; so in the neuter verbs which in composition (esp. since the Aug. per.) become active: egredior, enavigo, eno, enitor, excedo, etc.
Hence, thoroughly, utterly, completely: elaudare, emori, enecare, evastare, evincere (but eminari and eminatio are false readings for minari and minatio; q. v.); and hence a simple enhancing of the principal idea: edurus, efferus, elamentabilis, egelidus, exacerbo, exaugeo, excolo, edisco, elaboro, etc. In many compounds, however, of post - Aug. and especially of post-class. Latinity this force of ex is no longer distinct; so in appellations of color: exalbidus, exaluminatus, etc.; so in exabusus, exambire, exancillatus, etc. Vid. Hand Turs. II. pp. 613-662.

exacon
exăcon (-cum), i, n., the Gallic name of the herb centaureum (centaury), Plin. 25, 6, 31, § 68.

exactor
exactor, ōris, m. id.; cf. also exactio. * A driver-out, expeller: regum (Junii Valeriique), Liv. 9, 17, 11. A demander, exactor (cf.: redemptor, manceps, magister; also: publicanus, portitor). In gen.: operis, i. e. an overseer, superintendent, enforcer of any kind of labor, Col. 3, 13, 10; cf. Liv. 45, 37; so, assiduus studiorum, Quint. 1, 3, 14; cf.: asper recte loquendi, id. 1, 7, 34: molestissimus sermonis Latini, Suet. Gramm. 22: supplicii, an executioner, Liv. 2, 5; cf. Tac. A. 11, 37, and 3, 14 fin.; cf. Vulg. Luc. 12, 58. In partic., a collector of taxes, a tax gatherer, * Caes. B. C. 3, 32, 4; Liv. 28, 25, 9; Firm. 4, 3 al.; Dig. 50, 4, 18, § 8; or of other debts due the state, ib. 22, 1, 33. (Not in Cic.; but cf. exactio.)

exactrix
exactrix, īcis, f. exactor, she who demands: rescriptorum, Aug. Ep. 135.

exacuo
ex-ăcŭo, ŭi, ūtum, 3, v. a., to make very sharp, to sharpen, make pointed (class.). Lit.: ferramenta cote, Plin. 28, 4, 12, § 47; 34, 14, 41, § 146: ridicas, Col. 11, 2, 12: vallos furcasque bicornes, Verg. G. 1, 264: spicula, id. ib. 4, 74: dentes, id. ib. 3, 255: metas in angustissimas vertices, Col. 2, 18, 2: cornua in leve fastigium, Plin. 11, 37, 45, § 124 et saep. Transf., of taste: aceto exacuendo, for making pungent, Plin. 19, 5, 30, § 93; of the sight: aciem oculorum, id. 24, 11, 59, § 99; cf. visum, id. 29, 6, 38, § 132. Trop. In gen.: nisi mucronem aliquem tribunitium exacuisset in nos, Cic. Leg. 3, 9, 21: (cum animus) exacuerit illam ut oculorum sic ingenii aciem ad bona diligenda, id. ib. 1, 23, 60; cf. animum, Plin. 20, 13, 50, § 127: morbos, i. e. to aggravate, Col. poët. 10, 392. In partic., to sharpen or quicken mentally, to incite, encourage, stimulate, inflame: velim cohortere et exacuas Cluatium, Cic. Att. 12, 36 fin.: aliquem (opp. deterrere), id. de Or. 1, 29: aliquem irā, Nep. Phoc. 4: se ad amorem immortalitatis, Plin. Ep. 3, 7 fin.: animos in bella, Hor. A P. 403: mentem varia ad conamina, Sil. 7, 142.
Poet.: palatum (sapor), Ov. Pont. 1, 10, 13.

exacutio
exăcūtĭo, ōnis, f. exacuo, a sharpening, pointing: calami, Plin. 17, 14, 24, § 106.

exadversum
ex-adversum (-vors-) and ex-adversus (-vors-), adv. and praep. Lit. from opposite; hence, over against, opposite, vis-a\-vis. Adv.: apud ipsum lacum est pistrilla, et exadversum fabrica, Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 44: video exadvorsum Pistoclerum, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 7, 37: ea sita erat exadvorsum, Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 47: inque earum locum bina castra exadversum constituta erant, Suet. Caes. 40 Roth; App. Flor. p. 353; Amm. 23, 6, 72.
With dat.: exadvorsum ei loco Tonstrina erat quaedam, Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 38: Samos est exadversum Mileto, App. Flor. p. 350, 23; id. Mag. p. 284, 2. Praep. with acc.: ara Aio Loquenti exadversus eum locum consecrata est, * Cic. Div. 1, 45, 101: exadversum Athenas classem suam constituerunt, Nep. Them. 3 fin.; id. Thras. 2 fin.; Plin. 6, 16, 18, § 48. Cf. Hand, Turs. II. pp. 662-664.

exadvocatus
ex-advŏcātus, i, m., one who has been an advocate, an ex-advocate, Aug. Civ. D. 22, 8.

exaedificatio
ex-aedĭfĭcātĭo, ōnis, f. exaedifico, a building, erecting, completion of an edifice; trop. of an oration: ipsa autem exaedificatio posita est in rebus et verbis, Cic. de Or. 2, 15, 63; Ambros. in Psa. 118, Serm. 4, § 15.

exaedifico
ex-aedĭfĭco, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. To finish building, to build up, erect, construct (rare but class.). Lit.: oppidum, * Caes. B. C. 1, 15, 2; cf. Liv. 30, 1 fin.: Capitolium (with efficere), Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 19: domos et villas, Sall. C. 12, 3: templa deum, Liv. 1, 56: hibernacula, id. ib. 30, 3; navem, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 18: hunc mundum, id. Ac. 2, 40 fin. Trop., to finish, complete: ne graveris exaedificare id opus, quod instituisti, Cic. de Or. 1, 35, 164; cf.: suam incohatam ignaviam, Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 95. To turn out of doors: me ex his aedibus, Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 3.

exaequatio
exaequātĭo, ōnis, f. exaequo, an equalling. * Lit., a levelling: agrorum, Serv. Verg. G. 1, 95; concr., a level, a plane, Vitr. 5, 12, 4. Trop., a levelling, an equality: hanc ipsam exaequationem non fero (cf., shortly before: aequato omnium cultu), Liv. 34, 4, 14.

exaequo
ex-aequo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. To make even or level with any thing. Lit. (very rarely): inferior pars (ex transtillis) sub aqua exaequanda, etc., Vitr. 5, 12, 3: tumulos tumulis exaequabant, Auct. B. Hisp. 5 fin. Transf.: aurum auro expendetur, argentum argento exaequabitur, shall be balanced, compensated, Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 43.
Freq. and class., Trop., to place on a level, regard as equal, to equal: ii, qui sunt in amicitiae conjunctionisque necessitudine superiores, exaequare se cum inferioribus debent, Cic. Lael. 20, 71; cf.: neminem secum dignitate, * Caes. B. C. 1, 4, 4; Auct. Her. 4, 18, 25; cf.: vetus miles tironi liber voloni sese exaequari sineret, Liv. 23, 35, 7; so, aliquem alicui, id. 34, 3; 45, 38: nos caelo (victoria), Lucr. 1, 79: facta dictis, i. e. to relate the events with historic accuracy just as they occurred, Sall. C. 3, 2 Kritz.: uti militibus exaequatus cum imperatore labos volentibus esset, id. J. 100, 4: ad hanc regulam omnem vitam tuam exaequa, conform, Sen. Ep. 20: qui omnia jura pretio exaequasset, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 50; cf.: certamina belli ferro, Lucr. 5, 1296: libertatem, Liv. 3, 39 fin.: periculum, Sall. C. 59, 1. To equal, be equal to any one; with acc. (cf. aequo): ut longitudo aut plenitudo harum (syllabarum) multitudinem alterius assequatur et exaequet, Auct. Her. 4, 20, 28: tetricas Sabinas, Ov. Am. 3, 8, 61.

exaeresimus
exaerĕsĭmus, a, um, adj., = ἐξαιρέσιμος, that may be omitted, taken out: quod suos dies mensisque congruere volunt ... non numquam eximant unum aliquem diem ex mense: quos illi exairesimos dies nominant, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 52. § 129.

exagitatio
exăgĭtātĭo, ōnis, f. exagito, a disturbance (late Lat.): mentis, Acr. ad Hor. S. 2, 3, 208.

exagitator
exăgĭtātor, ōris, m. exagito, II. B. 1., one who severely blames, a censurer: omnium rhetorum, Cic. Or. 13, 42.

exagito
ex-ăgĭto, āvi, ātum, 1, v. freq. a., to drive out of its position or place; to stir up, rouse up, disturb. Lit. (very seldom): ut quicquid faecis subsederit exagitet, et in summum reducat, Col. 12, 19, 4: vis (venti) exagitata foras erumpitur, Lucr. 6, 583.
Poet.: lustra ferarum Venatu, to disturb, Sil. 16, 553: lepus hic aliis exagitandus erit, to rouse, start, Ov. A. A. 3, 662; cf. Petr. 131, 7. Trop., to rouse up (qs. like a wild beast), to disquiet, harass, persecute, disturb, torment. In gen.: insectandis exagitandisque nummariis judicibus, Cic. Att. 1, 16, 8; cf. Prop. 2, 8, 19: permulti sedes suas patrias, istius injuriis exagitati, reliquerant, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 18: ab Suevis complures annos exagitati bello premebantur et agricultura prohibebantur, Caes. B. G. 4, 1, 2; cf. id. ib. 2, 29 fin.: at omnes di exagitent me, si, etc., Hor. S. 2, 6, 54; cf. Ov. F. 5, 141: exagitari verberibus Furiarum, Suet. Ner. 34: quos flagitium, egestas, conscius animus exagitabat, Sall. C. 14, 3: senatus vulgi rumoribus exagitatus, id. ib. 29, 1: rem publicam seditionibus, id. ib. 51, 32. In partic. To scold, rail at, to attack violently, to censure, criticise, satirize, rally (cf.: objurgo, improbo, increpo, vitupero, calumnior, reprehendo; peto, incuso, etc.): hi omnes convicio L. Lentuli consulis correpti exagitabantur, Caes. B. C. 1, 2, 4: cum etiam Demosthenes exagitetur ut putidus, Cic. Or. 8 fin.; cf. Suet. Aug. 86: inventi sunt, qui hanc dicendi exercitationem exagitarent atque contemnerent, Cic. de Or. 3, 16: in rebus palam a consularibus exagitatis et in summam invidiam adductis, id. Fam. 1, 1 fin.; cf. Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 11, 3: exagitabantur omnes ejus fraudes atque fallaciae, Cic. Clu. 36, 101; cf. id. Sull. 21: quod apud Lucilium scite exagitat in Albucio Scaevola, quam lepide lexeis compostae, etc., id. Or. 44, 149. To stir up, irritate, excite: coepere (tribuni) senatum criminando plebem exagitare, Sall. C. 38, 1; cf. vulgum, id. J. 73, 5.
In a good sense: hujus disputationibus et exagitatus maxime orator est et adjutus, incited, urged onwards, Cic. Or. 3, 12.
Of abstract objects: in tali tempore tanta vis hominis leniunda quam exagitanda videbatur, Sall. C. 48, 5; Tac. A. 4, 12. Transf., to stir up, excite the passions themselves: ne et meum maerorem exagitem et te in eundem luctum vocem, Cic. Att. 3, 7, 2; tristes curas, Luc. 8, 44: furores immiti corde, Cat. 64, 94.

exagium
exăgĭum, ii, n. ex-ago; cf. examen, II., a weighing, weight; a balance (late Lat.), Theod. et Val. Nov. 25; Inscr. Orell. 3166; cf. Ἐξάγιοv pensatio; ἐξαγιάζω examino, Gloss. Philox.

exagoga
exăgōgă, ae, f., = ἐξαγωγή (pure Lat. evectio), an exportation of goods, export, Plaut. Rud. 3, 2, 17; id. Truc. 4, 2, 6: bonorum exagogae, id. ib. 2, 7, 2; cf.: Exagogen evectionem, Paul. ex Fest. p. 80, 15 Müll.

exalbidus
ex-albĭdus, a, um, adj., whitish, white (repeatedly in Pliny): rami (arboris), Plin. 12, 17, 39, § 78: folia urticae, id. 24, 19, 112, § 172: vina, id. 23, 1, 22, § 40.

exaltatio
exaltātĭo, ōnis, f. exalto. Exaltation, elevation (eccl. Lat.): ab exaltatione tua dispersae sunt gentes, Vulg. Isa. 33, 3. Trop., pride, haughtiness: non congruit professoribus humilitatis, Tert. Cult. Fem. 3; cf. oculorum, Vulg. Prov. 21, 4: stultorum, id. ib. 3, 35.

exaluminatus
ex-ălūmĭnātus, a, um, adj. alumen, of the color of alum: uniones, Plin. 9, 35, 56, § 113.

examen
ex-āmen, ĭnis, n. for ex-agmen, from ex and ago; cf. contamino and contagies, flamen and flagrare. A multitude issuing forth or flying out, a swarm. Primarily and class. of a swarm of bees: res rusticae laetae sunt tum pecudum pastu, apium examinibus, florum omnium varietate, Cic. de Sen. 15 fin.; so, apium, id. Off. 1, 44, 157; id. Div. 1, 33 fin.; Liv. 4, 33 et saep.; cf. Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 29; Col. 9, 3 fin.; 9, 4 fin. et saep.; Plin. 11, 10, 10, § 23; Verg. G. 2, 452; 4, 21; 103 et saep. Transf., a multitude, crowd, shoal, swarm (freq. only after the Aug. per.): locustarum, Liv. 42, 10: piscium, Plin. 31, 1, 1, § 2: pullorum (arboris), Lucr. 5, 1364: juvenum, Hor. C. 1, 35, 31: infantium, Plin. Pan. 26, 1; cf. Just. 25, 2 fin.: vernarum, Hor. Epod. 2, 65; cf. servorum, Cic. Harusp. Resp. 12, 25: Graium vatum, Stat. S. 5, 3, 284: stuprorum (i. e. feminarum stupratarum), Prop. 2, 32, 41 (3, 30, 41 M.) et saep.
In late Lat. even of abstract things: malorum, Arn. 2, p. 46: maerorum, id. fin.: aetatum, Amm. 21, 5: dilationum, id. 30, 4 et saep. A means of examining; hence, the tongue of a balance (very rare): examen est ligula vel lignum, quod mediam hastam ad pondera adaequanda tenet, Schol. Pers. 1, 6; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 80, 14: Juppiter ipse duas aequato examine lances Sustinet, Verg. A. 12, 725; Cod. Theod. 12, 7, 1. Trop., a weighing, consideration, examination: examenve improbum in illa Castiges trutina, Pers. 1, 6: legum, Ov. M. 9, 552; cf. vitae, Stat. S. 3, 3, 203.

exanimatio
exănĭmātĭo, ōnis, f. exanimo. A depriving of breath, suffocating: volvarum, i. e. hysterical passion, Plin. 32, 3, 13, § 28 (for which suffocatio, id. 20, 5, 15, § 30, and strangulatus, id. 26, 15, 90, § 153). Trop., terror, fright: exanimatio metus subsequens et quasi comes pavoris, Cic. Tusc. 4, 8, 19; cf. id. ib. 4, 6, 13: si cavebimus, ne in perturbationes atque exanimationes incidamus, id. Off. 1, 36, 131.

exanimis
ex-ănĭmis, e, and ex-ănĭmus, a, um (cf. Wagner ad Verg. A. 4, 8; the latter form common in the plur., of which the former has only exanimes, nom. and acc.), adj. anima, lifeless, dead (mostly postAug.; not in Cic. and Caes.; cf.: inanimis, exanimatus, mortuus). Lit. Form exanimis: (columba) Decidit exanimis, Verg. A. 5, 517; cf. id. ib. 5, 481: ut exanimem labentem ex equo Scipionem vidit, Liv. 25, 34 fin.: aliquamdiu jacuit, Suet. Caes. 82 et saep.: corpus, Ov. M. 14, 728; 10, 721; 13, 438; Plin. Ep. 3, 14, 2; Curt. 8, 11, 16; 9, 5, 8; Plin. 9, 21, 38, § 74: caro, id. 11, 33, 39, § 114; Quint. 4, 2, 13; cf. artus, Ov. M. 2, 336.
Poet.: gelidae exanimesque favillae, i. e. dead, extinguished, Stat. Th. 12, 418: hiems, i. e. calm, without wind, id. ib. 7, 88. Form exanimus: pueri, Lucr. 6, 1256: nos juvenem exanimum ... vano maesti comitamur honore, Verg. A. 11, 51: pacem me exanimis et Martis sorte peremptis Oratis? id. ib. 11, 110: partim exanimos ante vallum aut in amnem Rhenum proiciunt, Tac. A. 1, 32: corpus exanimum, Lucr. 6, 705; so, corpus (corpora), id. 6, 1273; Col. 12, 45, 4; Curt. 10, 10, 12; Verg. A. 1, 484; 6, 149; 9, 444; Liv. 25, 26; Plin. 10, 3, 3, § 8.
As subst.: exănĭma, ōrum, n., lifeless things, Lact. 2, 2, 17; id. Epit. 25, 15. Transf., half dead with fear, terrified, dismayed (very rare; only in form exanimis): audiit exanimis, Verg. A. 4, 672; cf. Hor. S. 1, 1, 76; 2, 6, 114; Liv. 1, 25, 6.

exanimo
ex-ănĭmo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. To deprive of air or wind. Lit.: folles, i. e. to press together, so as to force out the air, Auct. Aetnae, 560. Transf. (in pass.), to be out of breath, weakened, exhausted: simul fore ut duplicato cursu Caesaris milites exanimarentur et lassitudine conficerentur, Caes. B. C. 3, 92, 2: milites cursu ac lassitudine exanimati, id. B. G. 2, 23, 1; 3, 19, 1; Plaut. As. 2, 1, 17; id. Cas. 3, 5, 8; 3, 3, 10. Of impers. or abstr. things, to be weakened: (vini faex) celerrime exanimatur loco non incluso condita, loses its strength, Plin. 23, 2, 31, § 64: nolo verba exiliter exanimata exire, with feeble breath, i. e. lifeless, tame, Cic. de Or. 3, 11, 41. To deprive of life, to kill (freq. and class.). Lit.: telum saepe nocentes Praeterit exanimatque indignos, Lucr. 2, 1104: aliquem, id. 6, 243; Suet. Aug. 29; Curt. 7, 3; Hor. C. 2, 17, 1; cf.: se taxo, Caes. B. G. 6, 31 fin. In pass., to be deprived of life, be killed, to die: (Epaminondas) cum gravi vulnere exanimari se videret, Cic. Fin. 2, 30, 97; cf. Nep. Epam. 9 fin.; so Cic. Tusc. 5, 27, 77; Caes. B. G. 6, 16, 4; Suet. Caes. 39 fin. al.; cf. in the part. perf.: exanimatus, killed, dead, Lucr. 6, 1256 (with exanimis); Caes. B. G. 5, 44, 6; 7, 25, 2 and 3; Liv. 9, 1; 25, 7; 22, 7 fin. al. Trop., to deprive of life or spirit, to alarm or terrify greatly, to put out of one's senses with fright, horror, etc.; to agitate, trouble: vorsor in amoris rota miser, Exanimor, feror, differor, distrahor, diripior, Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 5: oratio haec me miseram exanimavit metu, Ter. And. 1, 5, 16; cf.: te metus exanimant judiciorum atque legum, Cic. Par. 2, 18: Decius torpidos somno insuper pavore exanimat, Liv. 7, 36: adolescentulus sic initio accusationis exanimatus sum, ut, etc., Cic. de Or. 1, 26, 121: me exanimant et interimunt hae voces Milonis, id. Mil. 34, 93: Tulliae meae morbus et imbecillitas corporis me exanimat, id. Att. 11, 6, 4: cur me querelis exanimas (= conturbas, summo maerore afficis) tuis? Hor. C. 2, 17, 1; cf. id. S. 1, 4, 127; id. Ep. 2, 1, 178 et saep.
In the part. perf.: exanimata metu, Ter. Phorm. 3, 3, 32; cf. Cic. Mil. 23; Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 77; id. Cat. 4, 2: non me fefellit, sensi; eo exanimatus fui, Plaut. Bacch. 2, 4, 64; id. Ps. 1, 1, 7; Ter. And. 1, 1, 104; id. Phorm. 5, 1, 5; Verg. A. 5, 805; Stat. Th. 4, 760 al.

exardeo
ex-ardĕo, ēre, 2, v. a. (eccl. Lat.). Prop., to burn: ignis, Vulg. Sir. 16, 7; cf. ib. 28, 14; 27. Trop., of the feelings, to be inflamed, blaze out: in brevi ira, Vulg. Psa. 2, 13: in desideriis suis, id. Rom. 1, 27.

exardesco
ex-ardesco, arsi, arsum, 3, v. inch. n., qs. to blaze out, i. e. to kindle, take fire (class.; esp. freq. in the trop. sense and in Cic.; cf.: ardeo, ferveo, caleo, flagro, candeo, uro, etc., incendor, inflammor, etc.). Lit.: nulla materies tam facilis ad exardescendum est, quae, etc., Cic. de Or. 2, 45 fin.: sulphur exardescens, Plin. 35, 15, 50, § 175. Transf., of the sun's heat: exarsit dies, Mart. 3, 67, 6.
And of a fiery color: fulgor carbunculi exardescens, Plin. 37, 7, 25, § 94. Trop., to be kindled, inflamed, to break out (in a good and bad sense). Of personal subjects: exarsit iracundia ac stomacho, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 20; cf. id. de Or. 3, 1, 4: (Induciomarus) multo gravius hoc dolore exarsit, * Caes. B. G. 5, 4, 5: infestius Papirium exarsurum, Liv. 8, 33; cf. graviter, Cic. de Or. 3, 1, 4: haud secus exarsit quam Circo taurus aperto, Ov. M. 12, 102: adeo exarserant animis, Liv. 3, 30; so, animis, Tac. A. 1, 51 fin.: libidinibus indomitis, id. ib. 6, 1: in omni genere amplificationis, Cic. Or. 29, 102: hodierno die ad spem libertatis exarsimus, id. Phil. 4, 6 fin.: ad cupiditatem libertatis recuperandae, id. ib. 11, 2; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 25: ad bellum, Liv. 41, 27, 3; Tac. A. 12, 38: plebes ad id maxime indignatione exarsit, Liv. 4, 6; cf.: ad quod exarsit adeo, ut, etc., Tac. A. 1, 74: milites in perniciosam seditionem exarsuri, Liv. 40, 35, 7; cf.: in iras, Verg. A. 7, 445; Claud. Rapt. Pros. 1, 32: in proelium, Tac. H. 1, 64.
Of the passion of love: in C. Silium ita exarserat (Messalina), Tac. A. 11, 12. Of impersonal and abstract subjects: immane quantum animi exarsere, Sall. H. Fragm. 2, 53 (p. 229 ed. Gerl.): ex quo exardescit sive amor, sive amicitia, Cic. Lael. 27, 100; cf.: novum atque atrox proelium, Liv. 27, 2: admirabilis quaedam benevolentiae magnitudo, Cic. Lael. 9, 29: ira, id. Tusc. 2, 24, 58; cf.: iracundia exercitus in eum, Tac. H. 1, 58: ambitio, Liv. 3, 35; 35, 10: violentia Turni, Verg. A. 11, 376: dolor Alcidae, id. ib. 8, 220 et saep.: injuria, Cic. Lael. 21, 76: bellum, id. Lig. 1, 3; Liv. 40, 58; 41, 25; cf.: certamina inter patres plebemque, Tac. H. 2, 38: seditio, id. ib. 2, 27: tanta ista importunitas inauditi sceleris, Cic. Sull. 27, 75: fames auri, Plin. 33, 3, 14, § 48 et saep.: tum propter multorum delicta etiam ad innocentium periculum tempus illud exarserat, Cic. Sull. 6: altercatio ex iracundia muliebri in contentionem animorum exarsit, Liv. 10, 23; cf.: studia in proelium, Tac. H. 1, 64: Corinthiorum vasorum pretia in immensum exarsisse, i. e. had risen, Suet. Tib. 34; cf.: quibus initiis in tantum admiratio haec exarserit, Plin. 37 prooem. § 2: ira, Vulg. Psa. 88, 45 al. (See also excandefacio and incendo.)!*? * Part. perf.: exarsus, a, um, burned up: res vestras incendio exarsas esse, Cod. Just. 9, 1, 11.

exarefio
ex-ārĕfīo, ĕri, v. pass. [arefacio], to dry up, become completely dry: fucus marinus, Plin. 26, 10, 66, § 103.

exaro
ex-ăro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to plough or dig up (class.). Lit.: radices, Cato. R. R. 61; id. ap. Plin. 17, 18, 30, § 127; Plin. 18, 6, 8, § 46: sepulcra, Cic. Leg. 2, 23, 58: terminos (with deicere), Dig. 10, 1, 4, § 4: deum, puerum, Cic. Div. 2, 23, 51; 2, 38, 80. Transf. To raise, produce by tillage: tantum frumenti, ut, etc., Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 38; cf. Zumpt, ib. 2, 3, 47. In gen., to plough, till, cultivate, Varr. R. R. 1, 10, 1; Plin. 18, 3, 3, § 9: locum de integro, Col. 2, 18, 3: agrum, Pall. Aug. 1: viam publicam, Dig. 43, 10, 4; with effodere mala, i. e. to dig up the earth about them, Pall. Febr. 25, 14.
Poet.: cum rugis vetus frontem senectus exaret, furrows, wrinkles, * Hor. Epod. 8, 4 (cf. aro). To write, note, set down something on tablets (used by Cic. only in his letters): undecimo die postquam a te discesseram, hoc literularum exaravi, Cic. Att. 12, 1; cf. id. ib. 13, 38; id. Fam. 12, 20 fin.: novum prooemium, id. Att. 16, 6 fin.: ad te harum exemplum in codicillis, id. Fam. 9, 26; cf.: binos codicillos, Suet. Oth. 10: id ipsum his versibus exaravi, etc., Plin. Ep. 7, 4, 5; cf.: librum tertium Aesopi stilo, Phaedr. 3, prol. 29: versus, Suet. Ner. 52; Vulg. Job, 19, 23. Latera, to flog severely, Amm. 15, 7, 5.

exasperatio
exaspĕrātĭo, ōnis, f. exaspero, a roughness, Scrib. Comp. 222; Veg. Vet. 5, 61, 1. Bitterness, exasperation, Tert. adv. Marc. 2, 16; Macr. S. 7, 12, 38.

exasperatrix
exaspĕrātrix, īcis, f. id., she who irritates or exasperates, Vulg. Ezech. 2, 8.

exaspero
ex-aspĕro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to make rough, to roughen (not ante-Aug.). Lit.: fauces, Cels. 1, 3; cf.: summam cutem, id. 3, 27: arterias, Plin. 22, 23, 48, § 100: corpus, id. 31, 6, 34, § 67: tussim, id. 23, 4, 51, § 97: faucium vitio exasperatur vox, Quint. 11, 3, 20: undas, to roughen, stir up, Ov. Am. 2, 11, 27: mare fluctibus, Liv. 37, 12 fin. (cf. aspero).
Poet.: aegida innumeris signis, i. e. to adorn with raised sculptures, Claud. III. Cons. Honor. 193: ensem saxo, to sharpen, whet, Sil. 4, 19. Trop., to irritate, provoke, exasperate: durati (Gallograeci) tot malis exasperatique, made savage, Liv. 38, 17, 17: exasperavit animos ferocia nimia Harpali, id. 42, 14; so, animos, id. 28, 25; 33, 39; Cels. 3, 5 fin.; cf.: animum hoc criminum genere, Liv. 40, 20 fin.: Ligures exasperati, id. 42, 26: majorem civitatis partem, Val. Max. 6, 5, 3: canes, i. e. to incite, set on, App. M. 4, p. 143; cf. apes, Col. 9, 15, 4 et saep.: rem verbis exasperavit, exasperated, made worse, Quint. 4, 2, 75.

exaudibilis
exaudībĭlis, e, adj. exaudio, that may be heard or listened to, Aug. Sol. 1, 1. Giving ear to requests, listening, Schol. Juv. 13, 248.

exaudio
ex-audĭo, īvi or ii, ītum, 4, v. a. To hear or perceive clearly (class.): Nec satis exaudiebam, nec sermonis fallebar tamen, Quae loquerentur, Plaut. Epid. 2, 2, 55; cf. id. Merc. 4, 3, 8; id. Men. 3, 2, 13; id. Trin. 3, 3, 25: cum aliquantulum progressus esset, subito exaudivit hinnitum, Cic. Div. 1, 33 fin.; cf. id. Att. 13, 48; Caes. B. G. 6, 39, 1; 7, 61, 3; id. B. C. 1, 66, 1; 3, 105, 3; Liv. 1, 29; 2, 27; 5, 52; 8, 33 et saep.: maxima voce, ut omnes exaudire possint, dico semperque dicam, Cic. Sull. 1, 33; cf. id. ib. 12, 34; id. Leg. 3; Caes. B. G. 5, 30, 1; id. B. C. 3, 94, 6; Liv. 1, 27.
With acc. and inf., Caes. B. C. 3, 87, 4. Less freq. in the signif. of audio. To hear, perceive by hearing: quam multa, quae nos fugiunt in cantu, exaudiunt in eo genere exercitati, Cic. Ac. 2, 7, 20: exaudi, vultusque attolle jacentes, Ov. M. 4, 144: tum denique saxa non exauditi rubuerunt sanguine vatis, id. ib. 11, 19: Haec vix proximis exaudientibus dixerat, Curt. 7, 7: fingere cinctutis non exaudita Cethegis, Hor. A. P. 50.
Poet.: licet has exaudiat herbas (i. e. hos cantus), Luc. 6, 715. To hearken, listen to; to regard, grant: tantum miserere precesque Supplicis exaudi, Ov. M. 13, 856; so, preces, Luc. 6, 706; Plin. 28, 2, 3, § 13: dirae exauditae ab omnibus diis, Liv. 40, 5, 1: vota precesque, Verg. A. 11, 157; Stat. Th. 11, 616: vota populi, Sen. Contr. 1, 3, 10: quae optamus, Plin. Pan. 94, 2.
Absol., Ov. Am. 2, 9, 51; Lact. 7, 16, 12; 7, 17, 11; Vulg. Psa. 142, 1 et saep. To give heed to, to obey: ridebit monitor non exauditus, Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 14: exaudi, Ov. M. 9, 122. To understand, comprehend = intellegere: nomina, Dig. 33, 10, 7; cf. verba, ib. 45, 1, 99.

exauditio
exaudītĭo, ōnis, f. exaudio, II. B., a hearkening to, granting: oratio exauditione dei dignior, Aug. Civ. D. 21, 24; Vulg. 2 Chron. 33, 19.

exauguratio
exaugŭrātĭo, ōnis, f. exauguro, a desecrating, profaning: omnium sacellorum exaugurationes, Liv. 1, 55, 3.

exauguro
ex-augŭro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to apply to profane uses a thing which has been consecrated, to desecrate, profane (very rare): fana, Cato ap. Fest. s. v. NEQVITVM, p. 162, 32 Müll.; cf. Liv. 1, 55: vestalem, Gell. 6, 7, 14: sacerdotes, Capitol. M. Aurel. 4.

exauspico
ex-auspĭco, āvi, 1, v. n., to take an augury from any thing: ex vinculis, Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 108.

exballisto
ex-ballisto, āre, v. a. ballista, a comically formed word, to put an end to, to finish or conquer with the ballista: Ballionem exballistabo lepide, Plaut. Ps. 2, 1, 10.

exbibo
exbĭbo, ĕre, = ebibo, to drink out, drink up: neque illic calidum exbibit in prandium, Plaut. Mil. 3, 2, 19 (Ritschl, bibit).

exbola
exbŏla, ae, f., = ἐκβολή, a kind of missile, weapon, Naev. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 108 (Com. Rel. p. 24 Rib.).

exbures
exbures exinteratas, sive exburae, quae exbiberunt, quasi epotae, Paul. ex Fest. p. 79, 11 Müll.

excaecator
excaecātor, ōris, m. excaeco, one who blinds, Aug. Serm. 43 ex Homil. 50.

excaeco
ex-caeco, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to blind, make blind (rare). Lit.: num ergo is excaecat nos aut orbat sensibus? etc., * Cic. Ac. 2, 23, 74; Plin. 20, 18, 76, § 200; Flor. 2, 20, 5. Transf. To deprive a plant of the eyes or buds, Col. 11, 3, 45; Plin. 17, 22, 35, § 175. To stop up a river, a channel, etc., Ov. M. 15, 272; id. Pont. 4, 2, 17; Cels. 7, 7 fin. To darken or dull a bright color: fulgor (argenti) excaecatus, Plin. 33, 9, 46, § 131. Trop.: oculos animosque (fama), Petr. 141, 5: formam, i. e. to render uncomely, to disfigure, id. 128, 3: nec accipies munera quae excaecant prudentes, Vulg. Exod. 23, 8.

excalceo
ex-calcĕo (-calcĭo), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. (the deponent form, v. below), to take off the shoes. In gen.: petiit, ut sibi pedes praeberet excalciandos, Suet. Vit. 2.
More freq. with a personal object and in the part. perf.: excalciatus cursitare, unshod, barefoot, Suet. Vesp. 8; Mart. 12, 88; cf. mid. in the verb. finit.: neque umquam aut nocte aut die excalcearetur aut discingeretur, Vell. 2, 41 fin.; and as a verb. dep.: ut nemo se excalceatur, Varr. ap. Non. 478, 16. In partic., of tragedians, to relieve of the cothurni, Sen. Ep. 76, 23.
Hence, excalceāti, ōrum, m., pantomimists (opp. to the tragic actors, who wore cothurni, and the comic, who wore socci), Sen. Ep. 8, 7.

excalfactio
excalfactĭo, ōnis, f. excalfacio, a warming, heating, Plin. 31, 9, 45, § 105.

excalfactorius
excalfactōrĭus, a, um, adj. id., warming, heating (a Plinian word), Plin. 21, 18, 72, § 120; 24, 11, 64, § 105; 25, 13, 95, § 152.

excandeo
ex-candĕo, ēre, 2, v. a. and n. Act., to make bright, whiten: cutem, Schol. Juv. 2, 107. Neut., to gleam, glisten, be bright: lapides, Jul. Val. Rer. Gest. Alex. 3, 22.

excandescentia
excandescentĭa, ae, f. excandesco, nascent anger, passionateness, irascibility, Cic. Tusc. 4, 9, 21; cf. App. Dogm. Plat. 1 fin.

excandesco
excandesco, dŭi, 3, v. inch. n., to grow hot, to take fire, kindle, to glow (class.). Lit.: cum bitumen et sulphur additum est, excandescet, Cato R. R. 95; Col. 7, 5, 16. Trop., to glow, to burn, esp. with anger: haec nullam habent vim, nisi irā excanduit fortitudo, * Cic. Tusc. 4, 19, 43: id postquam resciit, excanduit, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 12, 2; cf. Petr. 53, 8; 57, 1; Suet. Claud. 40; id. Ner. 40: in aliquem, id. Vesp. 14; cf.: in exteros, Col. 7, 12, 5: in ultionem, Flor. 2, 18, 8: excandescet in illos aqua maris, Vulg. Sap. 5, 23.

excarnifico
ex-carnĭfĭco, no perf., ātum, 1, v. a., to cut or tear any one to pieces (a rare word). Lit.: aliquem, Cic. N. D. 3, 33 fin.; Suet. Vit. 17; Sen. Ep. 24. Trop., to torment, torture: aliquem, Ter. Heaut. 4, 6, 9: excarnificatus animus, Sen. de Ira, 3, 4: comitem, Amm. 14, 5, 1; 14, 9, 6.

excastratus
ex-castrātus, a, um, Part. [castro], emasculated. Lit., Gell. 9, 9, 10. Transf., shelled, husked: sinapi, Scrib. Comp. 9.

excaudico
ex-caudĭco (-cōdico), āre, v. a. [caudex), to weed out, root up = exstirpare. Prop., Lex ap. Front. Aquaed. 129. Transf., to dig round, i. q. ablaqueare: ablaqueandae sunt vites, quod Itali excodicare appellant, Pall. Jan. 1. Trop., to extirpate, root out: silvam libidinum eradicare et excaudicare, Tert. Pudic. 16.

excavatio
excăvātĭo, ōnis, f. excavo, a hollowing out: lapidis, Sen. Q. N. 4, 3, 3.

excavo
ex-căvo, no perf., ātum, 1, v. a., to hollow out. Lit.: trullam, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 27 fin.: cavernam sibi rostro, Plin. 9, 27, 43, § 82: ripas, id. 10, 33, 49, § 95: terram, id. 33 prooem.: lapides excavant aquae, Vulg. Job, 14, 19. Transf., in mal. part., Auct. Priap. 51, 4.

excedo
ex-cēdo, cessi, cessum, 3 (subj. perf. sync. excessis, Ter. And. 4, 4, 21), v. n. and a. Neut., to go out, go forth or away, to depart, retire, withdraw (freq. and class.; cf.: discedo, deficio, destituo, desero, linquo, relinquo). Lit. In gen., with ex and abl., with abl. alone, or absol.: ex istoc loco, Plaut. Aul. 1, 1, 18: e medio, Ter. Hec. 4, 3, 14: ex civitate, Caes. B. G. 6, 8, 8: ex Italia, Cic. Phil. 12, 6, 14: e templo, Liv. 29, 19; for which, templo, id. 39, 5: ex finibus, Caes. B. G. 7, 33, 2; for which, finibus, id. ib. 4, 18 fin.; 7, 77, 14; Liv. 30, 42; 41, 19 al.: ex illa circumscriptione, Cic. Phil. 8, 8: ex itinere, Caes. B. C. 1, 79 fin.; cf.: ex via, id. B. G. 5, 19, 1; for which, viā, Liv. 24, 20: ex pugna, ex proelio, Caes. B. G. 3, 4, 3; 4, 33, 2; for which, more freq., pugnā, id. B. G. 5, 36, 3; id. B. C. 2, 7, 1; Liv. 44, 42; Verg. A. 9, 789 al.; and, proelio, Caes. B. G. 2, 25, 1; 3, 4, 3; 4, 12 fin.; 7, 80, 3; cf. acio, id. B. C. 2, 41, 7; 3, 94, 5; Liv. 31, 17: loco, Caes. B. C. 1, 44, 2; 3, 45, 4; Liv. 36, 10, 15; so, locis, id. 38, 27, 9; 27, 1, 5; and bello, Sall. C. 9, 4: domo, Caes. B. G. 4, 14 fin.: oppido, id. ib. 7, 78, 1; cf. urbe, Liv. 26, 24; 30, 7; 31, 17 et saep.: Arimino, Caes. B. C. 1, 10, 3; 1, 11, 1: Galliā, id. B. G. 7, 66, 4: provinciis, id. B. C. 1, 85 fin.: patriā, Verg. A. 1, 357: sceleratā terrā, id. ib. 3, 60 et saep.
With de (very rare): de utero matris, i. e. to be born, Dig. 1, 5, 15.
Absol.: abiit, excessit, evasit, erupit, Cic. Cat. 2, 1: excedere deos, simul ingens motus excedentium, Tac. H. 5, 13: primi omnium Macedones metu excesserant, Liv. 42, 67 fin.
Designating the terminus: cave quoquam ex istoc excessis loco, Ter. And. 4, 4, 21: agro hostium in Boeotiam, Liv. 31, 26 fin.: ex his tenebris in lucem illam, Cic. Tusc. 1, 30 fin.; cf.: ad deos, Vell. 1. 2: invictum fore donec excederet ad deos, Curt. 4, 7, § 27: in exsilium, Dig. 48, 19, 4; in which sense also simply excedere, ib. 48, 22, 7, § 17. In partic. To go beyond, overstep, rise above, overtop a certain boundary.
Of personal subjects very rarely: alter in Pontum, alter usque Aegyptum excessit, Just. 1, 1, 6.
More freq. of inanimate subjects: ut nulla (pars) excederet extra, Cic. Univ. 5; Cels. 8, 9 fin.; cf. with eminere, id. 8, 25 fin.: montes et excedentia in nubes juga, Plin. 27, 1, 1, § 3. To depart from life, to decease, to die (cf. decedo): sic ille cum undequadraginta annos regnavisset, excessit e vita, Cic. Rep. 2, 14 fin.; so, e vita, id. Fin. 3, 18, 60; id. Brut. 20 fin.; id. Lael. 3 fin.; id. Off. 1, 43, 153: vitā, id. Tusc. 1, 13, 29; id. Brut. 75, 262; id. N. D. 3, 16, 41; Val. Max. 2, 6, 8; 5, 5, 3; Curt. 3, 1, 21; 9, 6, 6; Tac. H. 4, 75: e medio, Ter. Phorm. 5, 7, 74 Ruhnk.; and simply excedere (postAug.; but v. decedo excessus, I.), Plin. 7, 13, 11, § 58; Tac. A. 1, 5 fin.; 1, 33; Suet. Aug. 5; id. Claud. 45; id. Vesp. 2; id. Tit. 11; Val. Fl. 1, 826; Curt. 10, 5, 2; Sen. Ep. 77, 10. Trop. In gen. (very rarely): cum animus Eudemi e corpore excesserit, Cic. Div. 1, 25, 53; id. Tusc. 1, 11, 24; 1, 32, 78; id. Lael. 4, 13 al.: corpore excedere, id. Div. 1, 30, 63: ex pristina bellandi consuetudine, Auct. B. Afr. 73: palmā, to recede from victory, to yield the victory (= decedere alicui de victoria), Verg. A. 5, 380.
Far more freq., In partic. (Acc. to A. 2. a.) To go beyond a certain boundary or a certain measure, to advance, proceed, to transgress, digress (= procedere, progredi): mihi aetas ex magisterio tuo: Plaut. Bacch. 1, 2, 40: is postquam excessit ex ephebis, Ter. And. 1, 1, 24 (quoted in Cic. de Or. 2, 80, 327); cf.: ut primum ex pueris excessit Archias, Cic. Arch. 3: ad patres etiam et ad publicam querimoniam excessit res, Liv. 25, 1; cf. Val. Max. 5, 6, 4: haec eo anno in Africa gesta. Insequentia excedunt in eum annum, quo, etc., Liv. 30, 26; cf. id. 21, 15: paululum ad enarrandum, etc., to digress, Liv. 29, 29, 5; cf.: in fabellam, Sen. Ep. 77: in aliquid, Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 44 fin.: res parva dictu, sed quae studiis in magnum certamen excesserit, Liv. 34, 1; cf. id. 33, 35 fin.; 8, 33; cf. id. 3, 41: eo laudis excedere, quo, etc., to attain that height of fame, Tac. Agr. 42 fin.: tantum illa clades novitate et magnitudine excessit, i. e. exceeded, went beyond = eminuit, Tac. A. 2, 24. (Acc. to A. 2. b.) To depart, disappear: cura ex corde excessit, Ter. Hec. 3, 2, 12: cum cupiditatum dominatus excessit, Cic. Par. 5, 3, 40: jam e memoria excessit, quo tempore? etc., Liv. 26, 13; for which, memoriā, id. 7, 32 fin.: ubi reverentia excessit animis, Curt. 8, 8.
Poet.: Cannaene tibi graviorque palude Maeonius Stygia lacus excessere Padusque? i. e. have they slipped from your memory? Sil. 15, 35. Act. (post-Aug.). Lit., to depart from, to leave a place: urbem, Liv. 2, 37, 8; 1, 29, 6; 3, 57, 10; 23, 1: curiam, id. 45, 20; cf. pass. impers.: Crotonem excessum est, id. 24; 3 fin. Transf., to go beyond, surpass, exceed a certain limit, to overtop, tower above (cf. above, I. A. 2. a., and B. 2. a.): nubes excedit Olympus, Luc. 2, 271: statura, quae justam excederet, Suet. Tib. 68: summam octoginta milium, Liv. 39, 5; so of numbers, very freq., Plin. 7, 2, 2, § 22; 13, 3, 4, § 20; Quint. 9, 4, 79; Tac. A. 1, 14; Suet. Aug. 77 al.; cf. also of age, Col. 6, 21: triennium vitae, Plin. 8, 42, 67, § 166: annum aetatis centesimum, id. 25, 2, 5, § 9; Plin. Ep. 2, 1, 4; 3, 7, 9; Suet. Gramm. 7; of measure: laborum periculorumque modum, Vell. 2, 122 fin.; so, modum, Liv. 26, 19; 28, 25; Quint. 3, 6, 62; 8, 3, 48 al.: eloquentia aut aequavit praestantissimorum gloriam aut excessit, Suet. Caes. 55; cf.: praeturae gradum, id. Oth. 1: principum fastigium, id. Calig. 22: fastigium equestre, Tac. A. 4, 40: excedente humanam fidem temeritate, Vell. 2, 51, 3; so, fidem, Plin. 7, 21, 21, § 85; Ov. M. 7, 166: excessisse Priscum inmanitate et saevitia crimina, quibus, etc., Plin. Ep. 2, 11, 2: nemine tantum ceteros excedente, ut ei aliquis se summitteret, Just. 13, 2.
With simple acc.: decretum, ne vasa auro solida ministrandis cibis fierent, etc. ... Excessit Fronto ac postulavit modum argento, went beyond the proposal, Tac. A. 2, 33 (cf.: egredi relationem, id. ib. 2, 38).
Pass.: duo enim multitudo, unione jam excessā, Tert. adv. Marc. 1, 5.

excello
ex-cello, cellŭi, celsum, 3 (also acc. to the 2d conj., praes. indic. excellet, Aem. Mac. ap. Diom. p. 371 P., and subj. excelleat, Cic. Fragm. ap. Prisc. p. 838 and 896 P.), v. a. and n. cello. Act., to raise up, elevate; only: recellere reclinare, et excellere in altum extollere, Fest. p. 274, 31; and Paul. ib. 275, 11 Müll.; cf. the P. a. excelsus, below. Neut., to rise, elevate itself (cf.: antecello, praesto, antecedo, emineo, floreo, vigeo). Lit., only in the P. a. excellens, q. v. A. Trop. In gen., to exult, be elated: animus excellit rebus secundis, Cato ap. Gell. 7, 3, 14; 13, 24, 14.
Far more freq. (but not in Plaut. and Ter.; and in the verb. finit. not in Aug. poets), In partic., to be eminent, to distinguish one's self for any quality above others; to surpass, excel, in a good or (less freq.) in a bad sense: ut is, qui dignitate principibus excellit facilitate infimis par esse videatur, Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 14, 41: ut inter quos posset excellere, cum iis, etc., Cic. Inv. 1, 2 fin.: inter omnes, id. Or. 2, 6: super ceteros, Liv. 28, 43: ante ceteros, App. Flor. 16.
With dat.: qui longe ceteris excellere pictoribus existimabatur, Cic. Inv. 2, 1, 1: quae una ceteris excellebat, id. Tusc. 2, 18, 43; id. Fin. 3, 2, 8; id. de Or. 2, 54, 216; id. de Imp. Pomp. 13, 39 al.: ceteris, Quint. 2, 20, 9.
With abl.: bonā famā, Lucr. 6, 13: ingenio scientiāque, Cic. Ac. 2, 2, 4: animi magnitudine, id. Off. 1, 18 fin.: actione, id. Brut. 59, 215: hoc genere virtutis, id. Fam. 11, 21, 4: dignitate, Caes. B. G. 6, 13, 9: altitudine, Plin. 16, 6, 18, § 24: candore, id. 37, 6, 23, § 88 et saep.
With in and abl.: in arte, Cic. Rep. 1, 13: in aliqua arte et facultate, id. de Or. 1, 50, 217: in alia parte orationis, id. Brut. 59, 215: maxime in amicitiis expetendis colendisque, id. Lael. 9, 30; id. de Or. 2, 54, 217 et saep.
Absol.: excellit atque eminet vis, potestas nomenque regium, Cic. Rep. 2, 28; 2, 23; 1, 22; id. Div. 1, 19, 38; 1, 41, 91; id. Fam. 4, 3 fin.; Tac. Or. 32 (with eminere) et saep.
In a bad sense: vitiis, Cic. Leg. 1, 19, 51: cum haec (flagitia), quae excellunt, me nosse videas, id. Pis. 38 fin.
Hence, excellens, entis, P. a., rising, overtopping. Lit., high, lofty (very rare; not in Cic.): oppida excellentibus locis constituta, Auct. B. Hisp. 8, 4: corpore excellens, Vell. 2, 107.
Far more freq. and class., Trop., distinguishing himself, distinguished, superior, surpassing, excellent: deos rerum omnium praestantia excellentes, Cic. Div. 2, 63: Brutus noster excellens omni genere laudis, id. Ac. 1, 3 fin.; for which also: in omni genere, id. Tusc. 1, 1, 2; id. de Or. 2, 54, 220: cujus excellens in re militari gloria, id. Rep. 2, 17: Galba fuit inter tot aequales unus excellens, id. Brut. 97, 333: natura excellens atque praestans, id. N. D. 1, 20 fin.: scientia excellens atque singularis, id. Fam. 4, 3 fin.: vir excellenti providentia, id. Rep. 2, 3; for which: excellente ingenii magnitudine, id. Off. 1, 33 (al. excellenti and excellentis, v. Orell. ad h. l.): studium, Caes. B. C. 3, 34 fin.: pulchritudo muliebris formae, Cic. Inv. 2, 1, 1: cygnus, * Verg. A. 12, 250 et saep.
Subst.: excellentia, ōrum, n., exceptional instances: nec excellentia, sed quotidiana tractabo, Aus. Grat. Act. § 62.
Comp.: ova excellentiora, Plin. 29, 3, 11, § 50: nihil illo (sc. Alcibiade) fuisse excellentius, vel in vitiis, vel in virtutibus, Nep. Alcib. 1.
Sup.: excellentissima virtus, Caes. B. C. 3, 99, 2; Sen. Vit. Beat. 14: cultus, Suet. Ner. 20: triumphus, id. Caes. 37: aurum, Plin. 37, 4, 15, § 56 et saep.
Adv.: excellen-ter, excellently, Cic. Off. 1, 18, 61; Nep. Att. 1, 3.
Comp., Cic. Sest. 45.
Sup.: excellentissime, Aug. Civ. D. 17, 8. ex-celsus, a, um, P. a., elevated, lofty, high (freq. and class.; cf.: celsus, editus, altus, sublimis, procerus, arduus). Lit.: mons, Caes. B. C. 1, 80, 2; cf.: vertex montis, * Verg. A. 5, 35: locus, Cic. Rep. 6, 11: porticus, id. Att. 4, 16, 14: basis (statuae), Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 34; cf. signum, id. ib.: statura, Suet. Caes. 45: aves (Ibes), Cic. N. D. 1, 36, 101: altitudo vineae, Plin. 17, 22, 35, § 184 et saep.
Comp.: in excelsiore loco, Cic. Rep. 2, 31: cornu (bovis), Caes. B. G. 6, 26, 1; cf.: crura chamaeleonis, Plin. 8, 33, 51, § 120.
Sup.: mons, Caes. B. C. 1, 70, 4; cf. locus, Hirt. B. G. 8, 33 fin.: rupes, Plin. 10, 6, 7, § 19: aegilops, id. 16, 6, 8, § 22; 11, 37, 49, § 135. Subst. excelsum, i, n., a height: simulacrum Jovis in excelso collocare, Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 20; id. Att. 6, 1, 17: Phoebus ab excelso, quantum patet, aspicit aequor, Ov. H. 15, 165; so, ab excelso, id. F. 2, 369: prohibebit in excelsum emicare (vitem), Plin. 17, 22, 35, § 184. Ex-celsus, i, m., the Highest, the Most High, i. e. God (eccl. Lat.), Vulg. Psa. 72, 11 al. Trop. In gen., high, lofty, distinguished, excellent, noble: te natura excelsum quendam videlicet et altum et humana despicientem genuit, Cic. Tusc. 2, 4, 11; cf.: magnus homo et excelsus, id. Mur. 29: animus excelsus magnificusque, id. Off. 1, 23; cf. id. Opt. Gen. 4, 12: excelso et illustri loco sita est laus tua, id. Fam. 2, 5; cf.: te in excelsissimo humani generis fastigio positum, Plin. H. N. praef. § 11: species magnae excelsaeque gloriac, Tac. Agr. 4 fin. et saep.
Comp.: (orator) grandior et quodammodo excelsior, Cic. Or. 34; cf. Quint. 12, 10, 23; Plin. Pan. 94, 3: quo tua in me humanitas fuerit excelsior quam in te mea, Cic. Att. 3, 20 fin.
Sup.: excelsissimae victoriae, Vell. 2, 96 fin.: duces, id. 2, 114 fin.
Subst. , m. plur.: excelsi, ōrum, the lofty; prov.: excelsis multo facilius casus nocet, Pub. Syr. 162 (Rib.). Neut.: excelsum, i, an elevated station or position: in excelso aetatem agere, i. e. in a high station, Sall. C. 51, 12.
Esp. (eccl. Lat.): in excelsis, in the highest, in ascriptions of praise, Vulg. Psa. 148, 1 al. Esp., in the later period of the empire, a title of high official dignitaries, e. g. of the praefectus praetorio, etc.
Adv.: excelsē, highly, on high, loftily. Lit.: si vitis scandit excelsius, Col. 4, 1, 5. Trop., in an elevated manner, highly: ornat excelse, Plin. Ep. 2, 3, 3: excelsius magnificentiusque et dicet et sentiet, Cic. Or. 34, 119: excelsissime floruit (Sparta), exceedingly, Vell. 1, 6, 3.