at
at or ast, conj. [Curtius connects the Sanscr. ati, ultra, nimis, the Gr. ἔτι, the Lat. et, and at in atavus; Vanicek connects with these at, atque, and atqui. Thus the original idea of addition is prominent in ἔτι, et, and atque; and the idea of opposition in at and atqui, which agree with ἀτ‐άρ in meaning as well as in form. After the same analogy, the Gr. πλέον, more, has become πλήν, but; and the Lat. magis has passed into the same meaning in the Fr. mais and the Ital. mai. The confusion in MSS. between at, ac, and et, and between atque and atqui, was prob. caused as much by their connection in idea as in form] (it was sometimes, for the sake of euphony, written ad; cf. Quint. 12, 10; 12, 32; 1, 7, 5; Charis. p. 203 P., where, instead of at conjunctionem esse, ad vero praepositionem, the reading should be, ad conjunctionem esse, at vero praepositionem, Fr.; v. the pass. in its connection; cf. also Vel. Long. p. 2230 P.; Cassiod. p. 2287 P.; Mar. Vict. p. 2458 P. The form ast is found in the old laws; it occurs once in Trag. Rel., but never in Com. Rel. nor in Lucil.; at is found in Plautus about 280 times, and ast about 10 times; in Ter. at about 100 times, and ast once; in Hor. at 60 times, ast 3 times; in Verg. at 168 times, ast 16; in Juv. at 17 times, ast 7; Catull., Tibull., and Prop. use only at, and Pers. (Jahn) only ast; in prose, Cic. uses ast in his epistles. It joins to a previous thought a new one, either antithetical or simply different, and especially an objection; while sed denotes a direct opposition; and autem marks a transition, and denotes at once a connection and an opposition). In adding a diff., but not entirely opp. thought, a qualification, restriction, etc., moreover, but, yet; sometimes an emphasized (but never merely copulative) and. In gen.: SEI PARENTEM PVER VERBERIT AST OLE PLORASSIT PVER DIVEIS PARENTOM SACER ESTO, if the son strike his father, and the father complain, let the son, etc., Lex Serv. Tullii ap. Fest. s. v. plorare, p. 230 Müll.; Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Cic. Leg. 2, 24: Philosophari est mihi necesse, at paucis, but only in a few words, Enn., Trag. Rel. p. 65 Rib.: DIVOS ET EOS QVI CAELESTES, SEMPER HABITI COLVNTO ... AST OLLA PROPTER QVAE etc., Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 19; 3, 4, 11: hinc Remus auspicio se devovet atque secundam Solus avem servat. At Romulus pulcer in alto Quaerit Aventino, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 48, 107 (Ann. v. 83 Vahl.); Plaut. Capt. 5, 4, 22: si ego hic peribo, ast ille, ut dixit, non redit, id. ib. 3, 5, 25: paret Amor dictis carae genetricis. At Venus Ascanio placidam per membra quietem Inrigat, Verg. A. 1, 691: (Aeneas) finem dedit ore loquendi. At, Phoebi nondum patiens, immanis in antro Bacchatur vates, id. ib. 6, 77; 11, 709 sq.: quo (odore) totum nati corpus perduxit; at illi Dulcis compositis spiravit crinibus aura, id. G. 4, 416; so id. ib. 4, 460; 4, 513; id. A. 3, 259; 3, 675; 7, 81; 8, 241; 9, 793; Prop. 4, 4, 15; 4, 7, 11; Luc. 3, 664; 4, 36 al.
Also in prose (chiefly post-Aug.): una (navis) cum Nasidianis profugit: at ex reliquis una praemissa Massiliam, etc., Caes. B. C. 2, 7: ubi facta sunt, in unum omnia miscentur. At pastilli haec ratio est, etc., Cels. 5, 17; 6, 18: quamquam insideret urbem proprius miles, tres urbanae, novem praetoriae cohortes Etruriā ferme Umbriāque delectae aut vetere Latio et coloniis antiquitus Romanis. At apud idonea provinciarum sociae triremes etc., Tac. A. 4, 5; 4, 6: negavit aliā se condicione adlecturum, quam si pateretur ascribi albo, extortum sibi a matre. At illa commota etc., Suet. Tib. 51; id. Calig. 15; 44; id. Vesp. 5; id. Dom. 4; id. Galb. 7 al.
In the enumeration of particulars: Cum alio cantat, at tamen alii suo dat digito litteras, Naev., Com. Rel. p. 20 Rib.: dant alios aliae (silvae) fetus: dant utile lignum Navigiis pinos ... At myrtus validis hastilibus et bona bello Cornus, Verg. G. 2, 447: Nam neque tum stellis acies obtunsa videtur ... At nebulae magis etc., id. ib. 1, 401; 3, 87; id. A. 7, 691: Hic altā Sicyone, ast hic Amydone relictā, Hic Andro, etc., Juv. 3, 69.
The Vulg. often uses at as a mere continuative, where even et or atque might stand: sciscitabur ab iis ubi Christus nasceretur. At illi dixerunt ei: In etc., Matt. 2, 5; 4, 20; 8, 32; 14, 29; 15, 34 et persaep.
In transition, Esp., To a new narration, like the Gr. δέ; so the commencement of the fourth book of the Æneid: At regina gravi jam dudum saucia curā, etc. (the third book closes with the narrative of Æneas); so the beginning of the third book of the Thebaid of Statius: At non Aoniae moderator perfidus aulae, etc.; Verg. A. 4, 504; 5, 35; 5, 545; 5, 700; 5, 779; 6, 679; 7, 5; 8, 370; 8, 608; 9, 503; 10, 689; 11, 597; 12, 134 et saep.
Also in the postAug. histt. and other prose writers; so after speaking of the Ubii etc., Tac. says: At in Chaucis coeptavere seditionem praesidium agitantes etc., A. 1, 38; so ib. 4, 13; 12, 62; 14, 23 et saep. To a wonderful, terrible, unexpected, or exciting occurrence or circumstance: clamores simul horrendos ad sidera tollit, etc. ... At gemini lapsu delubra ad summa dracones Effugiunt, Verg. A. 2, 225; 3, 225: Lacte madens illic suberat Pan ilicis umbrae, Et facta agresti lignea falce Pales etc. At quā Velabri regio patet etc., Tib. 2, 5, 33; Verg. G. 4, 471: consurgit Turnus in ensem et ferit. Exclamant Troes trepidique Latini, Arrectaeque amborum acies. At perfidus ensis Frangitur in medio, id. A. 12, 731; 10, 763: adusque Supremum tempus, ne se penuria victūs Opprimeret metuebat. At hunc liberta securi divisit medium, Hor. S. 1, 1, 99: Magnus quanto mucrone minatur Noctibus hibernis et sidera terret Orion. At sonipes habitus etc., Stat. S. 1, 1, 46. To a passionate appeal, etc., in which case the antecedent clause is not expressed, but must be considered as existing in the mind of the speaker; cf. in Gr. ἀλλὰ σύ, σὺ δέ. In passing to an interrogation, exhortation, request: At, scelesta, viden ut ne id quidem me dignum esse existumat? Plaut. As. 1, 2, 23; id. Aul. 1, 1, 8: At qui nummos tristis inuncat? Lucil. 15, 21 Müll.: Me. Sauream non novi. Li. At nosce sane, Plaut. As. 2, 4, 58: Ca. Non adest. Ps. At tu cita, id. Ps. 1, 1, 30: satis habeo, at quaeso hercle etiam vide, id. Merc. 5, 4, 53 (Ritschl, sat habeo. Sed): at unum hoc quaeso ... Ut, etc., id. Capt. 3, 5, 89: at tu, qui laetus rides mala nostra caveto Mox tibi, Tib. 1, 2, 87: Hunc ut Peleus vidit, At inferias, juvenum gratissime Crantor, Accipe, ait, Ov. M. 12, 367: at tu, nauta, vagae ne parce malignus arenae Ossibus et capiti inhumato Particulam dare, Hor. C. 1, 28, 23.
In prose: at vide quid succenseat, Cic. Fam. 7, 24, 2: itaque pulsus ego civitate non sum, quae nulla erat: at vide, quam ista tui latrocinii tela contempserim, id. Part. Or. 4, 1, 28; id. Dom. 44; App. M. 6, p. 179, 18. In expressions of passion, astonishment, indignation, pain, etc.: At ut scelesta sola secum murmurat, Plaut. Aul. 1, 1, 13: Sc. Nunc quidem domi certost: certa res est Nunc nostrum opservare ostium, [ubi] ubist. Pa. At, Sceledre, quaeso, Ut etc., id. Mil. 2, 4, 46: At o deorum quidquid in caelo regit Terras et humanum genus, Quid iste fert tumultus? Hor. Epod. 5, 1: At tibi quanta domus rutila testudine fulgens, etc., Stat. S. 2, 4, 11.
In prose: horum omnium studium una mater oppugnat: at quae mater? Cic. Clu. 70; Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 45: at per deos immortales! quid est, quod de hoc dici possit, id. ib. 2, 1, 46: institui senatores, qui omnia indicum responsa perscriberent. At quos viros! id. Sull. 42; id. Deiot. 19, 33: tangit et ira deos: at non impune feremus, Ov. M. 8, 279; 10, 724: at tibi Colchorum, memini, regina vacavi, id. H. 12, 1. In indignant imprecations: At te di omnes cum consilio, Calve, mactāssint malo! Pomp., Com. Rel. p. 245 Rib.: At te Juppiter diique omnes perdant! Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 37: At te di deaeque faxint cum isto odio, Laches, Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 59: At te di perdant, id. Eun. 3, 1, 41: At tibi di dignum factis exitium duint, id. And. 4, 1, 42: At vobis male sit, Cat. 3, 13: At tibi, pro scelere, exclamat, pro talibus ausis Di ... persolvant grates dignas et praemia reddant Debita! Verg. A. 2, 535.
In prose: At vos, ait, devota capita, respiciant di perjuriorum vindices, Just. 14, 4, 10. Rarely of friendly inclination, disposition: At tibi di bene faciant omnes, Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 18: At tibi di semper, adulescens, quisquis es, faciant bene, id. Men. 5, 7, 32: At tu, Catulle, destinatus obdura, Cat. 8, 19. In entreaty: At vos, o superi, miserescite regis, Verg. A. 8, 572: at tu, pater deūm hominumque, hinc saltem arce hostes, Liv. 1, 12. In adding an entirely opposite thought, but, but indeed, but on the other hand, on the contrary, etc. (the strictly class. signif. of the word). In gen.: at differentiam rerum significat: ut cum dicimus, Scipio est bellator, at M. Cato orator, Paul. ex Fest. p. 11 Müll.: splendet saepe, ast idem nimbis interdum nigret, Att., Trag. Rel. p. 170 Rib.: So. Mentire nunc. Me. At jam faciam, ut verum dicas dicere, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 189: So. Per Jovem juro med etc. Me. At ego per Mercurium juro, tibi etc., id. ib. 1, 1, 280: Atque oppido hercle bene velle illud visus sum, Ast non habere quoi commendarem caprum, id. Merc. 2, 1, 22: fecit idem Themistocles ... at idem Pericles non fecit, Cic. Att. 7, 11, 3: non placet M. Antonio consulatus meus, at placuit P. Servilio, id. Phil. 2, 5, 12: majores nostri Tusculanos Aequos ... in civitatem etiam acceperunt, at Karthaginem et Numantiam funditus sustulerunt, id. Off. 1, 11, 35: brevis a naturā nobis vita data est; at memoria bene redditae vitae sempiterna, id. Phil. 14, 12, 32; id. Cat. 2, 2, 3; id. Leg. 2, 18: crebras a nobis litteras exspecta, ast plures etiam ipse mittito, id. Att. 1, 16 fin.: Rejectis pilis comminus gladiis pugnatum est. At Germani phalange factā impetus gladiorum exceperunt, Caes. B. G. 1, 52: Postquam Caesar dicendi finem fecit, ceteri verbo alius alii varie adsentiebantur. At M. Porcius Cato hujusce modi orationem habuit, Sall. C. 52, 1: hac iter Elysium nobis, at laeva ... ad impia Tartara mittit, Verg. A. 6, 542: T. Ante leves ergo pascentur in aethere cervi ... M. At nos hinc alii sitientīs ibimus Afros, id. E. 1, 65: Dam. Malo me Galatea petit, lasciva puella ... Men. At mihi sese offert ultro meus ignis Amyntas, id. ib. 3, 66; 7, 35; 7, 55; id. G. 1, 219; 1, 242; 1, 370; 2, 151; 2, 184; 3, 331; 4, 18; 4, 180; id. A. 2, 35; 2, 687; 3, 424; 5, 264; 6, 489: Ast ego nutrici non mando vota, Pers. 2, 39: ast illi tremat etc., id. 6, 74: Ast vocat officium, id. 6, 27: At Jesus audiens ait, Vulg. Matt. 9, 12; 9, 22; 12, 3; 12, 48 et persaep. In order to strengthen a contrast, sometimes (esp. in Plaut. and Ter.) with contra, e contrario, potius, etiam, vero. With contra: Summis nitere opibus, at ego contra ut dissimilis siem, Lucil. 26, 19 Müll.: Ergo quod magnumst aeque leviusque videtur ... At contra gravius etc., Lucr. 1, 366; so id. 1, 570; 1, 1087; 2, 235: L. Opimius ejectus est e patriā: At contra bis Catilina absolutus est, Cic. Pis. 95; Cic. Verr. 5, 66; id. Sex. Rosc. 131; id. Quinct. 75: At tibi contra Evenit, etc., Hor. S. 1, 3, 27: (Cornutus) taedio curarum mortem in se festinavit: at contra reus nihil infracto animo, etc., Tac. A. 4, 28. With e contrario: apud nos mercenarii scribae existimantur; at apud illos e contrario nemo ad id officium admittitur, nisi, etc., Nep. Eum. 1, 5: in locis siccis partibus sulcorum imis disponenda sunt semina, ut tamquam in alveolis maneant. At uliginosis e contrario in summo porcae dorso collocanda, etc., Col. 11, 3, 44. With potius: at satius fuerat eam viro dare nuptum potius, Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 44: at potius serves nostram, tua munera, vitam, Ov. H. 3, 149. With etiam: At etiam, furcifer, Male loqui mi audes? but do you even? etc., Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 31; id. Trin. 4, 2, 151; id. Rud. 3, 4, 6: At etiam cubat cuculus. Surge, amator, i domum, but he is yet abed, id. As. 5, 2, 73; so id. Capt. 2, 3, 98; id. Mil. 4, 4, 6: Exi foras, sceleste. At etiam restitas, Fugitive! Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 1; 5, 6, 10: Proinde aut exeant, aut quiescant, etc. ... at etiam sunt, Quirites, qui dicant, a me in exsilium ejectum esse Catilinam, on the contrary, there are indeed people who say. etc., Cic. Cat. 2, 6, 12; id. Phil. 2, 30, 76; id. Quinct. 56; Cic. Verr. 5, 77; id. Dom. 70 al.
(ε) With vero, but certainly: At vero aut honoribus aucti aut etc., Cic. N. D. 3, 36, 87; id. Off. 2, 20, 70; 2, 23, 80; id. Fin. 1, 10, 33; Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 17 al.
(ζ) With certe: Numquam ego te, vitā frater amabilior, Aspiciam posthac. At certe semper amabo, Cat. 65, 11; 66, 25.
(η) So, quidem
at (very rare) = quidem
autem, Cic. Off. 1, 22, 75. Ironically: Th. Quid valeam? Ly. At tu aegrota, si lubet, per me aetatem quidem, Plaut. Curc. 4, 3, 22: at, credo, mea numina tandem Fessa jacent, Verg. A. 7, 297; 7, 363; Ov. H. 1, 44. Very freq. in adding an objection, from one's own mind or another's, against an assertion previously made, but, on the contrary, in opposition to this; sometimes, but one may say, it may be objected, and the like: Piscium magnam atque altilium vim interfecisti. At nego, Lucil. 28, 43 Müll.: Quid tandem te impedit? Mosne majorum? At persaepe etiam privati in hac re publicā perniciosos cives morte multārunt. An leges, quae de civium Romanorum supplicio rogatae sunt? At numquam in hac urbe etc., Cic. Cat. 1, 11, 28: Appellandi tempus non erat? At tecum plus annum vixit. In Galliā agi non potuit? At et in provinciā jus dicebatur et etc., id. Quinct. 41: Male judicavit populus. At judicavit. Non debuit. At potuit. Non fero. At multi clarissimi cives tulerunt, id. Planc. 11: sunt, quos signa, quos caelatum argentum delectant. At sumus, inquiunt, civitatis principes, id. Part. Or. 5, 2, 36; id. Fin. 4, 25, 71; Cic. Verr. 2, 2 fin.: quid porro quaerendum est? Factumne sit? At constat: A quo? At patet, id. Mil. 6, 15; id. Phil. 2, 9: convivium vicinorum cotidie compleo, quod ad multam noctem, quam maxime possumus, vario sermone producimus. At non est voluptatum tanta quasi titillatio in senibus. Credo: sed ne desideratio quidem, id. Sen. 14, 47: multo magnus orator praestat minutis imperatoribus. At prodest plus imperator. Quis negat? id. Brut. 73, 256; id. Div. 2, 29, 62; 2, 31, 67; 2, 32, 69 al.: Maxime Juppiter! At in se Pro quaestu sumptum facit hic, Hor. S. 1, 2, 18 al.
In this case freq. strengthened, By pol, edepol, hercule: At pol ego neque florem neque flocces volo mihi, Caecil., Com. Rel. p. 67 Rib.: So. Non edepol volo profecto. Me. At pol profecto ingratiis, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 215; so id. As. 2, 2, 34; 4, 2, 14; id. Capt. 3, 4, 64; id. Cas. 2, 3, 15; id. Cist. 4, 2, 70; id. Trin. 2, 4, 73: Ha. Gaudio ero vobis. Ad. At edepol nos voluptati tibi, id. Poen. 5, 4, 61; 3, 1, 68: At hercule aliquot annos populus Romanus maximā parte imperii caruit, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 54; id. Sex. Rosc. 50: at hercle in eā controversiā, quae de Argis est, superior sum, Liv. 34, 31: At, Hercule, reliquis omnibus etc., Plin. 7, 50, 51, § 169: At, hercules, Diodorus et in morbo etc., id. 29, 6, 39, § 142: At hercule Germanicum Druso ortum etc., Tac. A. 1, 3; 1, 17; 1, 26; 3, 54: At, hercules, si conscius fuissem etc., Curt. 6, 10, 20 al. By enim, which introduces a reason for the objection implied in at, but certainly, but surely, but indeed, etc., ἀλλὰ γάρ: At enim tu nimis spisse incedis, Naev., Com. Rel. p. 16 Rib.; Turp. id. p. 93: at enim nimis hic longo sermone utimur; Diem conficimus, Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 78: At enim istoc nil est magis etc., Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 21: At enim vereor, inquit Crassus, ne haec etc., Cic. de Or. 3, 49, 188: cum dixisset Sophocles, O puerum pulchrum, Pericle. At enim praetorem, Sophocle, decet non solum manus, sed etiam oculos abstinentes habere, etc., id. Off. 1, 40, 144 Beier; so id. Mur. 35, 74; id. Inv. 2, 17, 52 al.: at enim inter hos ipsos existunt graves controversiae, id. Quinct. 1; so id. Imp. Pomp. 17, 51; 20, 60; id. Phil. 2, 2, 3; id. Ac. 2, 17, 52: At enim cur a me potissimum hoc praesidium petiverunt? id. Div. in Caecil. 4, 15: At enim quis reprehendet, quod in parricidas rei publicae decretum erit? Sall. C. 51, 25 Kritz: At enim quid ita solus ego circum curam ago? Liv. 6, 15; 34, 32: At enim eo foedere, quod etc., id. 21, 18; 34, 31; 39, 37: At enim nova nobis in fratrum filias conjugia; sed etc., Tac. A. 12, 6. By tamen: Jam id peccatum primum magnum, magnum, at humanum tamen, Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 53: Hi secretis sermonibus ... conveniunt; nam publice civitas talibus inceptis abhorrebat. At tamen interfuere quidam etc., Tac. H. 4, 55: At certe tamen, inquiunt, quod etc., Cat. 10, 14. With a preced. negative, sometimes no antithesis is appended by at, but it is indicated that if what has been said is not true, yet at least something else is true, but yet; sometimes with tamen, but yet; or certe, but at least, yet at least: Nolo victumas: at minimis me extis placare volo, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 95: Si tibi non cordi fuerant conubia nostra, ... At tamen in vostras potuisti ducere sedes, Cat. 64, 158 sq.: Non cognoscebantur foris, at domi: non ab alienis, at a suis, Cic. Ac. 2, 11, 56: Liceat haec nobis, si oblivisci non possumus, at tacere, id. Fl. 25, 61: Si genus humanum et mortalia temnitis arma, At sperate deos memores fandi atque nefandi, Verg. A. 1, 543; so id. ib. 4, 615, and 6, 406.
With certe: Haec erant ... quorum cognitio studiosis juvenibus si non magnam utilitatem adferet, at certe, quod magis petimus, bonam voluntatem, Quint. 12, 11, 31; Cels. 2, 15; Suet. Calig. 12, al. The antithesis is sometimes not so much in the clause appended by at, as in the persons or things introduced in it; so, Esp. freq. in conditional clauses with si, si non, si minus, etiam si, etc.; cf. Herm. ad Viger. 241: Si ego hic peribo, ast ille, ut dixit, non redit; At erit mi hoc factum mortuo memorabile, if I perish here, but he does not return, yet etc., Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 26; id. Bacch. 2, 3, 131: si ego digna hac contumeliā Sum maxime, at tu indignus qui faceres tamen, Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 25: Si tu oblitus es, at di meminerunt, Cat. 30, 11: si non eo die, at postridie, Cato, R. R. 2, 1: si non paulo, at aliquanto (post petīsses), Cic. Quinct. 40; 97; id. Mil. 93 al.: quanta tempestas invidiae nobis, si minus in praesens, at in posteritatem impendeat, id. Cat. 1, 22; Cic. Verr. 5, 69; id. Clu. 15: qui non possit, etiam si sine ullā suspitione, at non sine argumento male dicere, id. Cael. 3, 8. With etsi: ei, etsi nequāquam parem illius ingenio, at pro nostro tamen studio meritam gratiam referamus, Cic. de Or. 3, 4, 14; Tac. Or. 19. With quod si: Quod si nihil cum potentiore juris humani relinquitur inopi, at ego ad deos confugiam, Liv. 9, 1; Tac. A. 1, 67. At, like autem and δέ, sometimes serves simply to introduce an explanation: cum Sic mutilus miniteris. At illi foeda cicatrix etc., now an ugly scar etc., Hor. S. 1, 5, 60. And also like δέ in Hom. and Hdt., it sometimes introduces an apodosis, With si: Bellona, si hobie nobis victoriam duis, ast ego templum tibi voveo, if to-day thou bestow victory, then I etc., ἐάν
δέ, Liv. 10, 19. With quoniam: Nunc, quoniam tuum insanabile ingenium est, at tu tuo supplicio doce etc., since your disposition is past cure, at least etc., ἐπεί
δέ, Liv. 1, 28.!*? At is sometimes repeated at the beginning of several clauses, In opposition each to the preceding clause: Soph. Tu quidem haut etiam octoginta's pondo. Paegn. At confidentiā Militia illa militatur multo magis quam pondere. At ego hanc operam perdo, Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 47 sq.: Si ego hic peribo, ast ille, ut dixit, non redit: At erit mi hoc factum mortuo memorabile, id. Capt. 3, 5, 25 sq.; id. As. 5, 2, 6 sqq. (Cic., in Quir. 7 and 10, opposes at to sed, and Tac., in A. 12, 6, sed to at). In opposition to some common clause preceding: At etiam asto? At etiam cesso foribus facere hisce assulas? Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 20: Quid tum esse existimas judicatum? Certe gratīs judicāsse. At condemnārat; at causam totam non audierat; at in contionibus etc., Cic. Caecin. 113: Sit flagitiorum omnium princeps: at est bonus imperator, at felix, Cic. Verr. 5, 4; id. Sest. 47; id. Fragm. B. 16, 5 B. and K.: Nefarius Hippias Pisistrati filius arma contra patriam ferens; at Sulla, at Marius, at Cinna recte, imo jure fortasse, id. Att. 9, 10, 3: At non formosa est, at non bene culta puella; At, puto, non votis saepe petita meis? Ov. Am. 3, 7, 1 sq. Merk.: At quam sunt similes, at quam formosus uterque! id. F. 2, 395: rideri possit eo quod Rusticius tonso toga defluit: at est bonus ut melior vir Non alius quisquam; at tibi amicus; at ingenium ingens Inculto latet hoc sub corpore, Hor. S. 1, 3, 30 sqq. (cf. sed
sed, Cat. 64, 141; Juv. 5, 61; 8, 149; and a similar use of ἀλλά in Hellenistic Greek, as ἀλλά
ἀλλά, 2 Cor. 2, 17: ἀλλά
ἀλλά
ἀλλά, 1 Cor. 6, 11). Though regularly occupying the first place in its clause or sentence, it sometimes stands second (cf. atque fin.): Saepius at si me, Lycida formose, revisas, Verg. E. 7, 67; id. G. 3, 331: Tutior at quanto merx est in classe secundā, Hor. S. 1, 2, 47: Mentior at si quid, etc., id. ib. 1, 8, 37: Gramineis ast inde toris discumbitur, Val. Fl. 8, 255: Major at inde etc., Stat. Th. 4, 116.
See more upon this word in Hand, Turs. I. pp. 417-451; Wagner, Quaest. XXXVII. ad Verg. IV. pp. 581- 585.

Atacinus
Ătăcīnus, a, um, adj., pertaining to the river Atax, in Gallia Narbonensis, Atacian: Ătăcīni, ōrum, m., the inhabitants of Gallia Narbonensis, Mel. 2, 5, 2: P. Terentius Varro Atacinus, a poet from that region, flourishing in the time of Cœsar, single fragments of whose writings are yet extant; the author of an Argonautica, Hor. S. 1, 10, 46; cf. Ov. Am. 1, 15, 21; Prop. 3, 32, 85; Stat. S. 2, 7, 77; Quint. 10, 1, 87; Bähr, Röm. Lit. Gesch. p. 128, and Teuffel, Rom. Lit. § 208, 1. (Upon his measure and style, cf. Spald. and Frotsch. ad Quint. l. l.)

Atalanta
Ătălanta, ae (-ē, ēs, Ov. Am. 3, 2, 29; id. A. A. 3, 775), f., = Ἀταλάντη. A daughter of King Schœneus, in Bœotia, distinguished for her swiftness in running, conquered by Hippomenes (acc. to others, by Milanion) by stratagem, and married by him, Ov. M. 10, 565 sqq.; 10, 598 sq.; Hyg. Fab. 185; Serv. ad Verg. A. 3, 113. A daughter of Iasius of Arcadia, a participant in the Calydonian boar-hunt, and passionately loved by Meleager, Ov. H. 4, 99 (called, id. M. 8, 380, Tegeaea; and id. ib. 8, 426, Nonacria, v. h. v.). Derivv. Ătălantaeus or -ēus, a, um, adj., pertaining to Atalanta: aures, Stat. Th. 4, 309: labores, Manil. 5, 179: Schoenos, a town in Arcadia, in the vicinity of which Atalanta established foot-races, Stat. Th. 7, 267. Ătălantĭădes, ae, m., a son of Atalanta and Meleager, i. e. Parthenopœus, Stat. Th. 7, 789.

Atarnea
Atarnĕa, ae, f., = Ἀτάρνα, Steph. Byz.; more com. Ἀταρνεύς, a town in Mysia, Plin. 5, 30, 32, § 122.
Hence, Atarnĕus, a, um, adj., of or pertaining to Atarnea, Plin. 37, 10, 56, § 156; cf. Mann. Asia Min. III. pp. 398 and 415.

atavus
ătăvus (archaic, -ŏs), i, m. at avus, the father of a great-great-grandfather (abavus) or great-great-grandmother, opp. to adnepos. Lit., cf. Dig. 38, 10, 1; 38, 10, 10; Isid. Orig. 9, 5, 9 and 10; 9, 6, 23 and 25; Plaut. Pers. 1, 2, 5; Cic. Cael. 14. In gen., sometimes, like avus, abavus, etc., for ancestor, forefather: Turnus avis atavisque potens, Verg. A. 7, 56: Evocat antiquis proavos atavosque sepulchris, Ov. Am. 1, 8, 17: Maecenas, atavis edite regibus, Hor. C. 1, 1, 1.

Atella
Ātella, ae, f., = Ἀτέλλα. An ancient town of the Osci, in Campania, on the Clanius, near the present Aversa, Cic. Agr. 2, 31; Suet. Tib. 75; Sil. 11, 14; cf. Mann. Ital. I. p. 779. Derivv. Ātellānus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Atella, Atellan: municipium, Cic. ad Q. Fr. 2, 14 fin.: Ātel-lāni, ōrum, m., the inhabitants of Atella, Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 63.
But esp. freq. Atellana fabula, fabella, or simply Ātellāna, ae, f., a comic but not wanton kind of popular farce that originated in Atella, which, with the comedy borrowed from Greece, was highly relished at Rome, especially by the youth, and continued to be represented even to the time of the emperors; the class. passage for it is Liv. 7, 2, 12; Juv. 6, 71; Suet. Tib. 45; id. Calig. 27; id. Ner. 39; Gell. 12, 10, 7; 17, 2, 8; Fest. s. v. personata, p. 217 Müll.; Diom. pp. 487 and 488 P.; Varr. L. L. 7, §§ 29, 84; 95 Müll.; Cic. Fam. 9, 16, 7 al.; cf. Munk de Fabulis Atellanis, Lips. 1840, and Teuffel, Rom. Lit. §§ 6, 4 and 9 sq.
Hence, Derivv. Ātellā-nus, i, m., an actor in an Atellan farce, Suet. Galb. 13; Quint. 6, 3, 47; also as adj.: gesticulator, Tert. Spect. 17. Ātellā-nĭus, a, um, adj., pertaining to the Atellan farce: versus, Cic. Div. 2, 10, 25: ars, Macr. S. 1, 10. Ātellānĭcus, a, um, adj., the same: exodium, Suet. Tib. 45: versus, Petr. 68, 5. Ātellānĭŏla, ae, f. dim., a small Atellan piece, M. Aur. ap. Fronto, Ep. ad M. Caes. 2, 3.

ater
āter, tra, trum, adj. cf. αἴθω, to burn; Sanscr. idh; αἴθων αἰθήρ, Αἴτνη, Aetna, aether, aestus, aestas (pr. burnt black, black as a coal; cf.: Tam excoctam reddam atque atram quam carbost, Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 63: hence), black; and specif., coalblack, lustreless-black, sable, dark (opp. albus, lustreless-white, and diff. from niger, glossy black, v. albus init.; class. and freq., but never in Vulg., which uses niger). Lit.: album an atrum vinum potas? Plaut. Men. 5, 5, 17: atrior multo Quam Aegyptii, id. Poen. 5, 5, 11: alba et atra discernere non poterat, Cic. Tusc. 5, 39, 114: nigra scuta, tincta corpora; atras ad proelia noctes legunt, Tac. G. 43: Mos erat antiquus niveis atrisque capillis, etc., Ov. M. 15, 41; so id. ib. 15, 44; cf. albus: fauces, Lucr. 6, 1147: dens, Hor. Epod. 8, 3: nubes, Lucr. 6, 180; Hor. C. 2, 16, 2: lumen, with smoke, Verg. A. 7, 457: agmen, with dust, id. ib. 12, 450 Serv.: axis, with blood, Sil. 2, 186: Eridanus ater stragibus, id. 6, 107: bilis, Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 64, and Cic. Tusc. 3, 5, 11 (cf. the Gr. μελαγχολία): cruor, Hor. Epod. 17, 31: tempestas, Lucr. 6, 258 sq.; Verg. A. 5, 693: hiemps, id. ib. 7, 214: canis, Ter. Phorm. 4, 4, 25: corvus atro gutture, Cat. 108, 5: venena, Verg. G. 2, 130: Tartara, Lucr. 3, 966; so, Cocytus, Hor. C. 2, 14, 17: mare, dark, stormy, id. S. 2, 2, 16: fluctus, Verg. A. 5, 2: mons, v. 2. ater.
The proverb albus an ater, v. albus.
Poet., = atratus, clothed in black: lictores, Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 6; cf. albus, I. B. 2. Trop. In gen., black, dark, gloomy, sad, dismal, unfortunate, etc.: funus, Lucr. 2, 580: formido, id. 4 [173], and id. 6, 254; so, Timor, Verg. A. 9, 719: cupressus, id. ib. 3, 64: dies, id. ib. 6, 429; Prop. 3, 2, 4: mors, Hor. C. 1, 28, 13: fila trium sororum, id. ib. 2, 3, 16: Esquiliae (as a burying-place), dismal, id. S. 2, 6, 32: seu mors atris circumvolat alis, id. ib. 2, 1, 58: cura, id. C. 3, 1, 40; 3, 14, 13; 4, 11, 35: lites, id. A. P. 423: comes, id. S. 2, 7, 115: serpens, Verg. G. 1, 129; Ov. M. 3, 63 al.: genius .. vultu mutabilis, albus et ater, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 189.
In Roman civil life, dies atri are the days on which the state experienced some calamity, unlucky days. (This designation is said to have arisen from the Roman custom of marking every unfortunate day in the calendar with coal); Varr. L. L. 6, § 29; Liv. 6, 1; Gell. 5, 17; Fest. s. v. nonarum, p. 179 Müll.; id. s. v. religiosus, p. 278 Müll.; Ov. A. A. 1, 418; Macr. S. 1, 15 fin. and 16; Afran. ap. Non. p. 73, 33: si atro die faxit insciens, probe factum esto, Liv. 22, 10. Esp. Rare and poet., of mind or feeling, malevolent, malicious, virulent (cf. niger, II. D., and the Gr. μέλας, II. 4 Lidd. and Scott): versus, Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 30: si quis atro dente me petiverit, id. Epod. 6, 15. Also poet. of something difficult to be understood, dark, obscure (so μέλας, Anth. Pal. 11, 347): latebrae Lycophronis atri, Stat. p. 5, 3, 157.
Comp. v. supra, I.
Sup. and adv. not used.

Aternius
Āternĭus, ii, m., a Roman family name: Aternius Fontinalis, a consul A. U. C. 300, Cic. Rep. 2, 35, 60 Mai; from him proceeded the Lex Aternia (or Tarpeia; cf. Fest. s. v. peculatus, p. 237 Müll.): de multā, Gell. 11, 1, 2.

Aternus
Āternus, i, m., = Ἄτερνος, a river in Samnium emptying into the Adriatic Sea, now Pescara, Plin. 3, 5, 6, § 44; 3, 12, 17, § 106.
At its mouth was the town Āter-num, i, n., = Ἄτερνον, named after it, now also called Pescara, Liv. 24, 47; cf. Mann. Ital. I. p. 468.
Hence, Aternensis ager, Front. Col. p. 120 Goes.

Ateste
Ăteste, is, n., = Ἀτεστέ (Ptol.), a town in the country of the Venetians, Plin. 3, 19, 23, § 130; 17, 17, 26, § 122; Tac. H. 3, 6; later called Ad Este and Ab Este, whence arose the present name, Este; cf. Mann. Ital. I. p. 97.
Hence, Ătestīnus, a, um, adj., of Ateste, Mart. 10, 93: ATESTINI, ōrum, m., the inhabitants of Ateste, Inscr. Orell. 3110.

Athamania
Ăthămānĭa, ae, f., = Ἀθαμανία. A district in Epirus, on or near Mount Pindus, Liv. 36, 14.
Hence, Derivv. Ăthămānes, um, m., = Ἀθαμᾶνες, the inhabitants of Athamania, Cic. Pis. 40; Liv. 31, 42; Plin. 4, 2, 3, § 6. Ăthă-mānis, ĭdis, f., an Athamanian woman, Ov. M. 15, 311 Jahn. Ăthămānus, a, um, adj., of Athamania: litora, Prop. 5, 6, 15.

Athamas
Ăthămas, antis, m., = Ἀθάμας. Son of Æolus, grandson of Hellen, king in Thessaly (first in Bœotia in Ἀθαμάντιον πεδίον, among the Orchomeni, O. Müll. Orchom. I. p. 161), the father of Helle and Phrixus by Nephele, and of Melicerta and Learchus by Ino; in a fit of madness he pursued Ino, who, with Melicerta, threw herself into the sea, and both were changed to sea-deities, Ino to Leucothea (Matuta), and Melicerta to Palaemon (Portunus), Ov. M. 3, 564; 4, 420 sq.; id. F. 4, 903; 6, 489; Hyg. Fab. 2; Serv. ad Verg. A. 5, 241; cf. Apollod. 3, p. 171; Paus. Att. p. 108: Athamante dementior, Cic. Pis. 20, 47. Derivv. Ăthămantēus, a, um, adj., = Ἀθαμαντεῖος, pertaining to Athamas, named after him, Athamantic: sinus, Ov. M. 4, 497: pinus, Stat. S. 5, 3, 143: aurum, i. e. the golden fleece of Phrixus, Mart. 8, 28. Ăthămantĭădes, ae, m. patr., = Ἀθαμαντιάδης, son of Athamas, i. e. Palœmon, Ov. M. 13, 919 (this word also stands by conj. of Hertzberg in Prop. 4, 6, 22). Ăthămantis ĭdis, f. patr., = Ἀθαμαντίς, daughter of Athamas, i. e. Helle, Ov. F. 4, 903; id. H. 18, 137. A mountain in Thessaly, Plin. 4, 8, 15, § 29.
Hence, Ăthă-mantĭcus, a, um, adj., = Ἀθαμαντικός, Athamantic: meum, a plant, bear's-wort: Athamanta meum, Linn.; Plin. 20, 23, 94, § 253 (by many of the ancients referred to Athamas, I., as named by him, v. Plin. l. l.).

Athenae
Ăthēnae, ārum, f., = Ἀθῆναι. Athens, the capital of Attica, Cic. Off. 1, 1, 1; id. Leg. 2, 14, 36; Plin. 7, 56, 57, § 194; Hor. S. 1, 1, 64; Juv. 3, 80; Vulg. Act. 17, 15; 17, 16; ib. 1 Thess. 3, 1 al.; cf. Mann. Gr. p. 308 sq., the Grecian city of the Muses, Cic. Fl. 26.
Hence sometimes meton. for intelligence, Juv. 15, 110; and Athenae Novae, as an appel. of honor for Mediolanum, Plin. Ep. 4, 13. The name of other cities in Laconia, Caria, Eubœa, Acarnania, Italy, Arabia, etc., Varr. L. L. 8, § 35 Müll.; Liv. 45, 16 al.

Athenaeus
Ăthēnaeus, a, um, adj., = Ἀθηναῖος. Pertaining to the city of Athens, Athenian, of Athens: Athenaeis in moenibus, Lucr. 6, 749; Plin. 1 in indic. lib. 8, 11, and 12 al. Of or pertaining to Athene (Minerva): Ăthēnaeum, i, n., = Ἀθήναιον, a temple of Minerva at Athens, in which scholars and poets were accustomed to read their works (as the Rom. poets in the temple of Apollo at Rome; cf. aedes, I.), Lampr. Alex. Sev. 35; a similar building for the same object, built by the emperor Adrian at Rome, Aur. Vict. Caes. 14.

athleta
āthlēta, ae, com. (nom. athletes, Stat. S. 53, 222; acc. athletam, Plin. 7, 20, 19, § 83; v. Neue, Formenl. I. pp. 32, 593), = ἀθλητής, a wrestler, a prize-fighter, athlete, Cic. Sen. 9, 27; id. Or. 68, 228; id. Tusc. 2, 23, 56; 2, 17, 40; Nep. Epam. 2, 4; Liv. 39, 22 al.
Trop., one who, by exertion and practice, has acquired much skill in a thing, a champion, master (only ante- and post-class.): pecuarii athletae, Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 2: athletae comitiorum, id. ib. 3, 5 fin.

athleticus
āthlētĭcus, a, um, adj., = ἀθλητικός, of or pertaining to the athlete, athletic (not in Cic.): victus, Cels. 4, 6 fin.: ars, Gell. 15, 16, 2; also without ars: āthlētĭca, ae, f., the athletic art, athletics, Plin. 7, 56, 57, § 205.
Adv.: āthlētĭcē, athletically, only in Plaut.: Pancratice atque athletice (valuit), Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 14: Valet pugilice atque athletice, id. Ep. 1, 1, 18.

Athos
Ăthō^s (upon the length of the o in Athos, cf. Wagner ad Verg. G. 1, 332; nom. also Atho, Athon; gen. not found, yet it may be assumed as Ăthōnis; dat. Atho; acc. Atho, Athŏn, Athonem, and, acc. to Serv ad Verg. A. 12, 701, also Athona; abl. Athone; cf. Seyfert, Gr. §§ 1498-1500; Neue, Formenl. I. pp. 638, 344, 132), m., = Ἄθως, later Ἄθων, ωνος, Athos, a high mountain on the Strymonian Gulf, in Macedonia, opposite Lemnos, now Agion Oros or Monte Santo, Mel. 2, 2, 9 and 10; 2, 7, 8; Plin. 4, 10, 17, § 37; 4, 12, 23, § 72; 7, 2, 2, § 27; Liv. 44, 11; 45, 30; Verg. G. 1, 332 (as an imitation of Theocr. 7, 77); id. A. 12, 701; Ov M. 2, 217; 11, 554; Val. Fl. 1, 664; Juv 10, 174; Sen. Herc. Oet. 145; Claud. in Rufin. 1, 336; id. IV Cons. Hon. 475; id. in Eutr 2, 162; id. B. Get. 177; id. Gigant. 68; id. Laud. Stil. 1, 127.
In plur. Athōnes, Lucil. ap. Gell. 16, 9 fin.

Atina
Ātīna, ae. f., = Ἄτινα. A town in Latium, still called Atina, Liv. 9, 28; Verg. A. 7, 630; cf. Mann. Ital. I. p. 675.
Hence, Ātīnas, ātis, adj., of Atina, Atinatic, or Atinatian: praefectura, Cic. Planc. 8.
Absol.: in Atinati, in the Atinatic territory, Cic. Att. 15, 3.
Ātīnātes, ium, m., the inhabitants of Atina, Cic. Planc. 8. A town of the Venetians, Plin. 3, 19, 23, § 131; cf. Mann. Ital. I. p. 95. A town in Lucania, now Atena; hence, Ātīnas, ātis, adj., Atinatic: in Atinate campo, Plin. 2, 103, 106, § 225.

Atlas
Ā^tlās, antis, m., = Ἄτλας. Atlas, a high mountain in Mauretania, in the northwest part of Libya, on which, acc. to the fable, heaven rested, Plin. 5, 1, 1, § 11 sqq.; Ov. M. 2, 296; 15, 149; id. F. 5, 83; Verg. A. 4, 247; 6, 796; Vitr. 6, 10; 8, 12; Hyg. Fab. 150 (cf. Hom. Od. 1, 52; 4, 385; Hdt. 3, 2; 4, 148; Apollod. 2, 5, 11; Diod. Sic. 3, 5). In mythology, a king of Mauretania, son of Iapetus and Clymene, a lover of astronomy, Cic. Tusc. 5, 3, 8; Ov. M. 4, 628 sq.; changed by Perseus, with the aid of Medusa's head, into Mount Atlas, because he refused him a hospitable reception as guest, Ov. M. 4, 657 sq. He was the father, by Pleione, of the seven Pleiades, and, by Æthra, of the seven (acc. to Hyg. five) Hyades.
Meton. for a man of colossal height, and iron. for a dwarf, Juv. 8, 32. Derivv. Ā^tlantĭcus, a, um, adj., of or pertaining to Mount Atlas, as a designation for westAfrican, Libyan: mare, the Atlantic Ocean, Cic. Rep. 6, 20, 21: accola, dwelling on Atlas, Sil. 10, 185: munera, i. e. citrus-wood, Mart. 14, 89; cf. Atlantis, 1. Ā^tlantĭăcus, a, um, adj., the same: litus, Sil. 13, 200: Olympus, i. e. the heaven borne by Atlas, Calp. 4, 83: profundum, Aus. Mos. 144. Ā^tlantēus, a, um, adj., of or pertaining to Atlas, and, Of Mount Atlas, as a designation for west-African, Libyan: finis, Hor. C. 1, 34, 11: Oceanus, the Atlantic Ocean, Claud. Nupt. Hon. et Mar. 280; cf. id. Prob. et Olyb. Cons. 35: gurges, Stat. Achill. 1, 223. Of or belonging to King Atlas: Pleiades, Ov. F. 3, 105. Ā^t-lantĭădes, ae, m. patr., a male descendant of King Atlas. Mercury, the grandson of Atlas by Maia, Ov. M. 2, 704; 2, 834; 8, 627 (cf.: nepos Atlantis, Ov. F. 5, 663; Hor. C. 1, 10, 1). Hermaphroditus, greatgrandson of Atlas and son of Mercury, Ov. M. 4, 368. Ā^tlantĭăs, ădis, f. patr., a female descendant of Atlas: sorores, i. e. Pleiades, daughters of Atlas, Sil. 16, 136: Calypso, Auct. Priap. 69 (cf. Liv. And. ap. Prisc. p. 685 P.: apud nympham Atlantis filiam Calypsonem). Ā^tlantis, ĭdis, f. Adj., of or pertaining to Mount Atlas: silva, a citrus forest, Luc. 10, 144; cf. Atlanticus.
Also subst., the name of several islands in the Atlantic Ocean, of which the largest, acc. to Plato, was said to have sunk (some consider this as America), Plin. 2, 90, 92, § 205; 6, 31, 36, § 190. Adj., of or pertaining to King Atlas; and subst., his female posterity; thus the Pleiades and Hyades, connected as constellations in the heavens, are called Atlantides, Hyg. Fab. 192; id. Astr. 2, 21: Eoae Atlantides, the Pleiades, called Vergiliae, Verg. G. 1, 221 Serv.; Col. 10, 54; cf. Vitr. 6, 10.
In sing., an epithet of Electra, one of the Pleiades, Ov F. 4, 31; and of Calypso, Tib. 4, 1, 77. Ā^tlantĭus, ii, m., a descendant of Atlas; Hermaphroditus, his great-grandson by Mercury (cf. Atlantiades), Hyg. Fab. 271. Ā^tlantes, um, m., a Libyan people, Mel. 1, 4, 4; 1, 8, 5; Plin. 5, 8, 8, § 44 sq.; Sol. 31. Atlantes = Gigantes, Naev. Bell. Punic. ap. Prisc. p. 679 P.

atomus
ătŏmus, a, um, adj., = ἄτομος. Uncut, not to be cut, indivisible: Graeci (tus) stagonian et atomum tali modo appellant, Plin. 12, 14, 32, § 62.
Far more freq., Subst.: ătŏmus (-ŏs), i, f., = ἡ ἄτομος, an indivisible element. Of matter, an atom, of which particles, acc. to the doctrine of Democritus, all things are composed (the distinction between an atom, an ultimate particle of matter, and a molecule, the ultimate combination of matter, was of course unknown to the ancients; syn.: corpora, corpora parva, corpora minuta, corpuscula, Lucr., Cic.): atomi, id est corpora individua propter soliditatem, Cic. Fin. 1, 6, 17; id. Tusc. 1, 18, 42; id. N. D. 1, 20, 54; id. Fat. 11, 24; id. N. D. 1, 24, 66; id. Ac. 1, 2, 6 al.; Vitr. 2, 2; Lact. de Ira Dei, 10 (where, as in Vitr. 2, 2, acc. to several editt., it stands as masc.); Isid. Orig. 13, 2, 1 sqq. Of time: in atomo, after the Gr. ἐν ἀτόμῳ, in a moment, in the twinkling of an eye, Tert. Res. Carn. 42 and 51; id. adv. Marc. 3, 24; so in the Gr. Test. 1 Cor. 15, 52, but rendered in momento by the Vulg.

atque
atque or āc (atque is used before vowels and consonants, ac, in class. lang., only before consonants; v. infra, I.), conj. [at has regularly in the compound atque a continuative, as in atqui it has an adversative force; pr. and further, and besides, and also; cf. in Gr. πρὸς δέ, πρὸς δὲ ἔτι, ἔτι καί, ἔτι δέ, and τὲ καί; v. at init., and for the change of form atque, ac, cf. neque, nec; in MSS. and inscriptions sometimes written adque, and sometimes by confusion at-qui], a copulative particle, and also, and besides, and even, and (indicating a close internal connection between single words or whole clauses; while et designates an external connection of diff. objects with each other, v. et; syn.: et, -que, autem, praeterea, porro, ad hoc, ad haec). In joining single words, which is its most common use. In gen. (The following representation is based on a collection of all the instances of the use of atque and ac in Cic. Imp. Pomp., Phil. 2, Tusc. 1, and Off. 1; in Caes. B. G. 1 and 2; in Sall. C.; and in Liv. 21; and wherever in the account either author or work is not cited, there atque or ac does not occur.) The form atque. Before vowels and h.
Before a (very freq.): sociorum atque amicorum, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 6; 3, 7; id. Phil. 2, 13, 33; id. Tusc. 1, 34, 122; Caes. B. G. 1, 2; 1, 18; 1, 26; 2, 14; Sall. C. 5, 8; 7, 5; Liv. 21, 3; 21, 12.
Before e (very freq.): deposci atque expeti, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 5; 6, 16; 10, 28; id. Phil, 2, 21, 51; 2, 21, 52; id. Tusc. 1, 20, 46; Caes. B. G. 1, 6; 1, 15; 1, 18; 2, 19; Sall. C. 14, 6; 49, 4; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 37.
Before i (very freq.): excitare atque inflammare, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 6; 3, 7; 7, 18; id. Phil. 2, 15, 37; 2, 21, 50; id. Tusc. 1, 20, 46; 1, 40, 97; Caes. B. G. 1, 17; 1, 20; 1, 22; 2, 1 bis; Sall. C. 2, 3; 3, 5; 14, 4; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 6; 21, 10.
Before o (freq. in Cic.): honestissimus atque ornatissimus, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 7, 17; 8, 21; 11, 31; id. Off. 1, 25, 86; 1, 27, 94; Caes. B. G. 1, 40; 2, 14; Sall. C. 10, 6; Liv. 21, 8.
Before u (very rare), Cic. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7; 5, 11; 6, 15; Caes. B. G. 1, 26; 2, 20; Sall. C. 31, 6; 42, 1.
Before h (not infreq.): Sertorianae atque Hispaniensis, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; 7, 19; id. Tusc. 1, 28, 69; id. Off. 1, 24, 87; Caes. B. G. 1, 19; 2, 9; 2, 10; Sall. C. 6, 1; 12, 2; Liv. 21, 37. Before consonants.
Before b (very rare): Gallorum atque Belgarum, Caes. B. G. 1, 6; so, Cassius atque Brutus, Tac. A. 3, 76.
Before c (infreq. in Cic., freq. in Sall.): in portubus atque custodiis, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 6, 16; 8, 21; id. Phil. 2, 8, 18; id. Tusc. 1, 18, 42; id. Off. 1, 25, 88; Sall. C. 2, 3; 7, 4; 16, 3; 26, 4; 29, 3.
Before d (infreq.): superatam esse atque depressam, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 8, 21; id. Phil. 2, 44, 114: id. Off. 1, 6, 19; 1, 25, 85; 1, 33, 119; Sall. C. 4, 1; 20, 7; 20, 10.
Before f (infreq.): vitiis atque flagitiis, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 30, 72; id. Off. 1, 28, 98; 1, 28, 100; Caes. B. G. 1, 2; Sall. C. 1, 4; 2, 9; 11, 2.
Before g (very rare): dignitate atque gloria, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 11; 5, 12: virtute atque gloria, Sall. C. 3, 2; 61, 9.
Before j (very rare): labore atque justitia, Sall. C. 10, 1; 29, 3.
Before l (rare): hilari atque laeto, Cic. Tusc. 1, 42, 100; id. Off. 1, 19, 64; Sall. C. 14, 3; 21, 2; 28, 4.
Before m (infreq. in Cic., once in Caes.): multae atque magnae, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23; 17, 50; id. Phil. 2, 39, 100; id. Off. 1, 29, 103; 1, 31, 110; Caes. B. G. 1, 34; Sall. C. 18, 4; 31, 7; 34, 1; 51, 1.
Before n (infreq.): adventu atque nomine, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 5, 13; 20, 60; id. Off. 1, 28, 101; Sall. C. 2, 2 bis.
Before p (infreq. in Cic.): magna atque praeclara, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; 11, 31; 16, 48; id. Off. 1, 44, 156; Sall. C. 4, 1; 4, 4; 16, 2; 20, 3.
Before q (does not occur).
Before r (rare): se conlegit atque recreavit, Cic. Phil. 2, 24, 58.
Before s (rare in Cic.): provinciarum atque sociorum, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 1, 24, 71; id. Off. 1, 9, 30; 1, 21, 72; Sall. C. 2, 5; 2, 7; 6, 1.
Before t (infreq.): parietum atque tectorum, Cic. Phil. 2, 28, 69; id. Tusc. 1, 24, 57; id. Off. 1, 35, 126; Sall. C. 42, 2; 50, 3; 51, 38.
Before v (infreq.): gravis atque vehemens, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23; 9, 25; id. Tusc. 1, 23, 54; Sall. C. 1, 1; 12, 3; 45, 4; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 30. The form ac before consonants.
Before b (very rare): sentientes ac bene meritos, Cic. Off. 1, 41, 149: feri ac barbari, Caes. B. G. 1, 31 and 33.
Before c (very rare): liberis ac conjugibus, Liv. 21, 30: Romae ac circa urbem, id. 21, 62.
Before d (freq. in Cic.): periculum ac discrimen, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 5, 12; 9, 23; 12, 33; id. Tusc. 1, 17, 40; 1, 28, 69; id. Off. 1, 14, 42: usus ac disciplina, Caes. B. G. 1, 40; 2, 31; Sall. C. 5, 4; 5, 8; 28, 1; Liv. 21, 10; 21, 18; 21, 19.
Before f (infreq.): opima est ac fertilis, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 6, 14; 7, 19; id. Tusc. 1, 1, 2; 1, 27, 66; id. Off. 1, 29, 103: potentissimos ac firmissimos, Caes. B. G. 1, 3; 1, 48; 2, 12; 2, 13: pessuma ac flagitiosissima, Sall. C. 5, 9; Liv. 21, 17; 21, 20.
Before g (does not occur).
Before j (very rare): nobilitatis ac juventutis, Cic. Phil. 2, 15, 37.
Before l (not infreq. in Liv.), Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 9; 23, 66; id. Phil. 2, 22, 54; Caes. B. G. 1, 12; 1, 23; 2, 23; Liv. 21, 13; 21, 14; 21, 35.
Before m (not infreq. in Cic.): terrore ac metu, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23; 18, 54 bis; 20, 59; id. Tusc. 1, 40, 95; id. Off. 1, 30, 106; Caes. B. G. 1, 39; 2, 14; Sall. C. 2, 4; 10, 1; Liv. 21, 8; 21, 60.
Before n (not infreq. in Cic.): insedit ac nimis inveteravit, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7: gentes ac nationes, id. ib. 11, 31; 12, 35 bis; id. Phil. 2, 21, 50; id. Tusc. 1, 21, 48; Caes. B. G. 1, 20; 2, 28; Liv. 21, 32.
Before p (not infreq. in Cic., Caes., and Liv.): celeberrimum ac plenissimum, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 33; 12, 35; 13, 36; id. Phil. 2, 15, 39; id. Tusc. 1, 17, 41; id. Off. 1, 20, 68; Caes. B. G. 1, 18; 1, 20; 2, 13; 2, 19; Sall. C. 5, 9; Liv. 21, 25; 21, 34; 21, 35.
Before q (does not occur).
Before r (infreq.): firmamenti ac roboris, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 4, 10; 8, 21; 15, 45; id. Off. 1, 5, 15; Caes. B. G. 1, 25; Liv. 21, 41; 21, 44.
Before s (freq. in Cic. and Liv., infreq. in Caes.): vectigalibus ac sociis, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 4; 4, 10; 11, 30; id. Phil. 2, 27, 66; Caes. B. G. 1, 25; 1, 31; 1, 33; 2, 24; Liv. 21, 4; 21, 33 bis; 21, 36.
Before t (infreq. in Cic., freq. in Liv.): tantis rebus ac tanto bello, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 10, 27 bis; 19, 56; 20, 59; Caes. B. G. 1, 26; 1, 39; 2, 6; Liv. 21, 7 ter; 21, 10; 21, 14; 21, 25.
Before v (not in Cic., only once in Caes. and Sall., but freq. in Liv.): armatos ac victores, Caes. B. G. 1, 40: inconsulte ac veluti etc., Sall. C. 42, 2: opera ac vineae, Liv. 21, 7; 21, 22; 21, 40; 21, 43.
(So in the phrases treated below: atque adeo, atque alter or alius, atque eccum, atque eo, atque etiam, atque illuc, atque is or hic, atque iterum, atque omnia, atque ut, atque late, atque sic, atque velut, but ac ne, ac si, and ac tamen).
With simul: Britannorum acies in speciem simul ac terrorem editioribus locis constiterat, Tac. Agr. 35: in se simul atque in Herculem, id. G. 34: suos prosequitur simul ac deponit, id. ib. 30; so, sociis pariter atque hostibus, id. H. 4, 73: innocentes ac noxios juxta cadere, id. A. 1, 48.
Hence, sometimes syn. with et
et, ut
ita, aeque ac; both
and, as
so, as well
as, as well as: hodie sero ac nequiquam voles, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 103 (cf. Cic. Quinct. 25, 79: verum et sero et nequidquam pudet): copia sententiarum atque verborum, Cic. Cael. 19, 45: omnia honesta atque inhonesta, Sall. C. 30, 4: nobiles atque ignobiles, id. ib. 20, 7: caloris ac frigoris patientia par, Liv. 21, 4; 6, 41; Vell. 2, 127: vir bonus et prudens dici delector ego ac tu, Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 32. Esp. In a hendiadys: utinam isto animo atque virtute in summā re publicā versari quam in municipali maluisset, with this virtuous feeling, Cic. Leg. 3, 16, 36: de conplexu ejus ac sinu, of his bosom embrace, id. Cat. 2, 10, 22: me eadem, quae ceteros, fama atque invidia vexabat, i. e. invidiosa fama, Sall. C. 3 fin.: clamore atque adsensu, shout of applause, Liv. 21, 3. In joining to the idea of a preceding word one more important, and indeed, and even, and especially (v. Kritz ad Sall. J. 4, 3). Absol.: Pa. Nempe tu istic ais esse erilem concubinam? Sc. Atque arguo me etc., yea and I maintain that I etc., Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 66: Ph. Tun vidisti? Sc. Atque his quidem oculis, id. ib. 2, 4, 15: Ps. Ecquid habet is homo aceti in pectore? Ch. Atque acidissimi, id. Ps. 2, 4, 49; so id. Bacch. 3, 6, 9; id. Men. 1, 2, 40: Py. Cognoscitne (ea)? Ch. Ac memoriter, Ter. Eun. 5, 3, 6: Faciam boni tibi aliquid pro istā re ac lubens, and with a good will, id. Heaut. 4, 5, 15: rem difficilem (dii immortales) atque omnium difficillimam, and indeed, Cic. Or. 16, 52: magna diis immortalibus habenda est gratia atque huic ipsi Jovi Statori, etc., and especially, id. Cat. 1, 5, 11: hebeti ingenio atque nullo, and in fact, id. Tusc. 5, 15, 45: ex plurimis periculis et insidiis atque ex mediā morte, and even, id. Cat. 4, 9: fratre meo atque eodem propinquo suo interfecto, and at the same time, Sall. J. 14, 11: intra moenia atque in sinu urbis, id. C. 52, 35. With adeo, and that too, and even: intra moenia atque adeo in senatu, Cic. Cat. 1, 2, 5: qui in urbe remanserunt atque adeo qui contra urbis salutem etc., id. ib. 2, 12, 27: insto atque urgeo, insector, posco atque adeo flagito crimen, id. Planc. 19 fin.: non petentem atque adeo etiam absentem, Liv. 10, 5.
And with autem also added: atque adeo autem quor etc., Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 42. With etiam: id jam populare atque etiam plausibile factum est, and also, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 3, 8: ne Verginio commeatum dent atque etiam in custodiā habeant, Liv. 3, 46. With the dem. pron. hic, is: negotium magnum est navigare atque id mense Quintili, and besides, and that, and that too, Cic. Att. 5, 12; 1, 14: maximis defixis trabibus atque eis praeacutis, Caes. B. C. 1, 27: Asseres pedum XII. cuspidibus praefixis atque hi maximis ballistis missi, id. ib. 2, 2: duabus missis subsidio cohortibus a Caesare, atque his primis legionum duarum, id. B. G. 5, 15; id. B. C. 3, 70: flumen uno omnino loco pedibus atque hoc aegre transiri potest, id. B. G. 5, 18: ad celeritatem onerandi subductionesque paulo facit humiliores ... atque id eo magis, quod, etc., id. ib. 5, 1; cf. without id (perh. to avoid the repetition of the pron.): quā (sc. virtute) nostri milites facile superabant, atque eo magis, quod, etc., and that the more because etc., id. ib. 3, 8 fin.: dicendi artem aptā trepidatione occultans atque eo validior, Tac. H. 1, 69; 2, 37; id. A. 4, 22; 4, 46. In comparisons. Of equality (Rudd. II. p. 94; Zumpt, § 340); with par, idem, item, aequus, similis, juxta, talis, totidem, etc., as: et nota, quod ex hujus modi structurā Graecā (sc. ὅμοιος καί, etc.) frequenter Latini ac et atque in significatione similitudinis accipiunt, Prisc. pp. 1192 and 1193 P.; cf. Gell. 10, 29; Lidd. and Scott, s. v. καί, III.: si parem sententiam hic habet ac formam, Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 36: quom opulenti loquuntur pariter atque ignobiles, Enn. ap. Gell. 11, 4: Ecastor pariter hoc atque alias res soles, Plaut. Men. 5, 1, 52: pariter nunc operā me adjuves ac re dudum opitulata es, Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 3: neque enim mihi par ratio cum Lucilio est ac tecum fuit, Cic. N. D. 3, 1, 3: parique eum atque illos imperio esse jussit, Nep. Dat. 3, 5: magistrum equitum pari ac dictatorem imperio fugavit, id. Hann. 5, 3: pariter patribus ac plebi carus, Liv. 2, 33: nam et vita est eadem et animus te erga idem ac fuit, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 24: In hanc argumentationes ex eisdem locis sumendae sunt atque in causam negotialem, Cic. Inv. 2, 23, 70: equi quod alii sunt ad rem militarem idonei, alii ad vecturam ... non item sunt spectandi atque habendi, Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 15; id. L. L. 10, § 74 Müll.: cum ex provinciā populi Romani aequam partem tu tibi sumpseris atque populo Romano miseris, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 19: Modo ne in aequo (jure) hostes apud vos sint ac nos socii, Liv. 39, 37 (exs. with aeque; v. aeque, δ); Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 83 fin.: et simili jure tu ulcisceris patrui mortem atque ille persequeretur fratris sui, si, etc., id. Rab. Perd. 5; id. Phil. 1, 4; id. Agr. 1, 4 fin.: similem pavorem inde ac fugam fore, ac bello Gallico fuerit, Liv. 6, 28; Col. 5, 7, 3: contendant, se juxta hieme atque aestate bella gerere posse, Liv. 5, 6; cf. Drak. ad Liv. 1, 54, 9: faxo eum tali mactatum, atque hic est, infortunio, Ter. Phorm. 5, 9, 39; Cic. Vatin. 4, 10: cum totidem navibus atque erat profectus, Nep. Milt. 7, 4. Of difference; with alius and its derivv., with dissimile, contra, contrarius, secus, etc., than: illi sunt alio ingenio atque tu, other than, different from, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 35 al.; v. the passages under alius, I. B. α: aliter tuum amorem atque est accipis, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 23 al.; v. the passages under aliter, 1. a.; cf. also aliorsum, II., and aliusmodi: quod est non dissimile atque ire in Solonium, Cic. Att. 2, 3: simulacrum in excelso collocare et, contra atque ante fuerat, ad orientem convertere, id. Cat. 3, 8, 20: vides, omnia fere contra ac dicta sint evenisse, id. Div. 2, 24 fin.; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 46: qui versantur retro, contrario motu atque caelum, id. Rep. 6, 17, 17: membra paulo secus a me atque ab illo partita, id. de Or. 3, 30, 119: cujus ego salutem non secus ac meam tueri debeo, id. Planc. 1 fin. al.; v. contra, contrarius, secus, etc. Sometimes, in cases of equality or difference, atque with ut or ac with si (with aliter affirm. Cic. appears to connect only atque ut, not ac si; once, however, non aliter, ac si, Cic. Att. 13, 51; v. aliter, 1. b.): pariter hoc fit atque ut alia facta sunt, Plaut. Am. 4, 1, 11: nec fallaciam Astutiorem ullus fecit poëta atque Ut haec est fabre facta a nobis, id. Cas. 5, 1, 6 sqq.: quod iste aliter atque ut edixerat decrevisset, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 46: et qui suos casus aliter ferunt atque ut auctores aliis ipsi fuerunt, etc., id. Tusc. 3, 30, 73: si mentionem fecerint, quo aliter ager possideretur atque ut ex legibus Juliis, id. Att. 2, 18, 2; 16, 13, c; cf. Wopk. Lect. Tull. 1, 15, p. 118; Dig. 43, 13, 11: Egnatii absentis rem ut tueare, aeque a te peto ac si mea negotia essent, just as if, Cic. Fam. 13, 43: tu autem similiter facis ac si me roges, etc., id. N. D. 3, 3, 8: reliquis officiis, juxta ac si meus frater esset, sustentavit, id. Post. Red. in Sen. 8, 20: quod dandum est amicitiae, large dabitur a me non secus ac si meus esset frater, id. Mur. 4 fin.: haec sunt, tribuni, consilia vestra, non, hercule, dissimilia, ac si quis, etc., Liv. 5, 5 fin. al. More rare with nimis, in partem, pro eo, etc.; in Plaut. also with mutare or demutare = aliud esse: nimis bellus, atque ut esse maxume optabam, locus, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 73: haud centensumam Partem dixi atque, otium rei si sit, possim expromere, id. Mil. 3, 1, 168: sane quam pro eo ac debui graviter molesteque tuli, just as was my duty, Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5: debeo sperare, omnes deos, qui huic urbi praesident, pro eo mihi, ac mereor, relaturos gratiam esse, Cic. Cat. 4, 2: pro eo, ac si concessum sit, concludere oportebit argumentationem, id. Inv. 1, 32, 54: non possum ego non aut proxime atque ille aut etiam aeque laborare, nearly the same as he, id. Fam. 9, 13, 2: neque se luna quoquam mutat atque uti exorta est semel, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 118: num quid videtur demutare atque ut quidem Dixi? id. Mil. 4, 3, 37. Sometimes the word indicating comparison (aeque, tantopere, etc.) is to be supplied from the connection (in the class. per. perh. used only once by Cassius in epist. style): nebula haud est mollis atque hujus est, Plaut. Cas. 4, 4, 21: quem esse amicum ratus sum atque ipsus sum mihi, id. Bacch. 3, 6, 20: quae suco caret atque putris pumex, Priap. 32, 7 (Müll., est putusque): digne ac mereor commendatus esse, Cass. ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 13; Dig. 2, 14, 4; 19, 2, 54. Poet. or in post-Aug. prose with comparatives (for quam), than: amicior mihi nullus vivit atque is est, Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 56: non Apollinis magis verum atque hoc responsum est, Ter. And. 4, 2, 15 Ruhnk.: Illi non minus ac tibi Pectore uritur intimo Flamma, Cat. 61, 172: haud minus ac jussi faciunt, Verg. A. 3, 561: Non tuus hoc capiet venter plus ac meus, Hor. S. 1, 1, 46 Bentl. and Heind. (cf. infra: nihilo plus accipias quam Qui nil portārit): qui peccas minus atque ego, id. ib. 2, 7, 96: Artius atque hedera procera adstringitur ilex, id. Epod. 15, 5; Suet. Caes. 14 Ruhnk. In the comparison of two periods of time, most freq. with simul (v. examples under simul); ante- or post-class. with principio, statim: principio Atque animus ephebis aetate exiit, as soon as, Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 40: judici enim, statim atque factus est, omnium rerum officium incumbit, Dig. 21, 1, 25: quamvis, statim atque intercessit, mulier competierat, ib. 16, 1, 24. To connect a negative clause which explains or corrects what precedes; hence sometimes with potius (class.; in Cic. very freq., but rare in the poets), and not, and not rather. Absol.: Decipiam ac non veniam, Ter. Heaut. 4, 4, 6: si fidem habeat, ... ac non id metuat, ne etc., id. Eun. 1, 2, 60: perparvam vero controversiam dicis, ac non eam, quae dirimat omnia, Cic. Leg. 1, 20, 54: quasi nunc id agatur, quis ex tantā multitudine occiderit, ac non hoc quaeratur, eum, etc., id. Rosc. Am. 33: si (mundum) tuum ac non deorum immortalium domicilium putes, nonne plane desipere videare? id. N. D. 2, 6, 17: nemo erat, qui illum reum ac non miliens condemnatum arbitraretur, id. Att. 1, 16: si hoc dissuadere est, ac non disturbare ac pervertere, id. Agr. 2, 37, 101: si res verba desideraret ac non pro se ipsa loqueretur, id. Fam. 3, 2 fin.: hoc te exspectare tempus tibi turpe est ac non ei rei sapientiā tuā te occurrere, Serv. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 6: velut destituti ac non qui ipsi destituissent, Liv. 8, 27; 7, 3 fin.: si mihi mea sententia proferenda ac non disertissimorum, Tac. Or. 1. With potius: Quam ob rem scriba deducet, ac non potius mulio, qui advexit? Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 79 (B. and K., et): quis (eum) ita aspexit, ut perditum civem, ac non potius ut importunissimum hostem? id. Cat. 2, 6, 12.
Pliny the elder commonly employs in this sense atque non, not ac non: concremāsse ea (scrinia) optumā fide atque non legisse, Plin. 7, 25, 26, § 94; 22, 24, 50, § 108; 29, 2, 9, § 29; 27, 9, 55, § 78; 31, 7, 39, § 73 et saep. In connecting clauses and beginning periods. In gen., and, and so, and even, and too: Pamph. Antiquam adeo tuam venustatem obtines. Bacch. Ac tu ecastor morem antiquom atque ingenium obtines, And you too, Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 20: atque illi (philosopho) ordiri placet etc., Cic. de Or. 3, 47, 183: Africanus indigens mei? Minime hercle. Ac ne ego quidem illius, And I indeed not, etc., id. Lael. 9, 30; id. Fin. 5, 11, 33: cum versus facias, te ipsum percontor, etc. ... Atque ego cum Graecos facerem, natus mare citra, Versiculos, etc., Hor. S. 1, 10, 31: multa quippe et diversa angebant: validior per Germaniam exercitus, etc. ... quos igitur anteferret? ac (i. e. similiter angebat), ne postpositi contumeliā incenderentur, Tac. A. 1, 47: Minime, minime, inquit Secundus, atque adeo vellem maturius intervenisses, Tac. Or. 14: ac similiter in translatione, etc., Quint. 3, 6, 77. In adducing new arguments of similar force in favor of any assertion or making further statements about a subject, etc.; cf. Beier ad Cic. Off. 3, 11, 487. Absol.: maxima est enim vis vetustatis et consuetudinis: atque in ipso equo, cujus modo mentionem feci, si, etc., and furthermore, and moreover, Cic. Lael. 19, 68: Atque, si natura confirmatura jus non erit, virtutes omnes tollentur, id. Leg. 1, 15, 42 B. and K. Often with etiam: Atque alias etiam dicendi virtutes sequitur, Cic. Or. 40, 139: Atque hoc etiam animadvertendum non esse omnia etc., id. de Or. 2, 61, 251; so id. Off. 1, 26, 90; id. N. D. 2, 11, 30; Col. 2, 2, 3. Sometimes with quoque: Atque occidi quoque Potius quam cibum praehiberem, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 133; so Cic. N. D. 2, 12, 32; Col. 2, 13, 3, and Cels. 2, 3; 3, 22. And even with quoque etiam: Atque ego quoque etiam, qui Jovis sum filius, Contagione etc., Plaut. Am. prol. 30. In narration: aegre submoventes obvios intrare portam, qui adducebant Philopoemenem, potuerunt: atque conferta turba iter reliquum clauserat, Liv. 39, 49; 5, 21 fin.: completur caede, quantum inter castra murosque vacui fuit: ac rursus nova laborum facies, Tac. H. 3, 30; cf. Caes. B. C. 2, 28 fin. and 2, 29 init. In introducing comparisons, atque ut, atque velut (mostly poet., esp. in epic poetry): Atque ut perspicio, profecto etc., Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 53: ac veluti magno in populo cum saepe coörta est Seditio.... Sic cunctus pelagi cecidit fragor, etc., Verg. A. 1, 148; so id. G. 4, 170; id. A. 2, 626; 4, 402; 4, 441; 6, 707; 9, 59; 10, 405; 10, 707; 10, 803; 11, 809; 12, 365; 12, 521; 12, 684; 12, 715; 12, 908: Inclinare meridiem Sentis ac, veluti stet volucris dies, Parcis deripere etc., Hor. C. 3, 28, 6; Val. Fl. 6, 664; and so, Ac velut in nigro jactatis turbine nautis, etc. ... Tale fuit nobis Manius auxilium, Cat. 68, 63 (for which Sillig and Müller read: Hic velut, etc.): Atque ut magnas utilitates adipiscimur, etc., Cic. Off. 2, 5, 16: Atque ut hujus mores veros amicos parere non potuerunt, sic etc., id. Lael. 15, 54. In connecting two acts or events. In the order of time, and then; hence the ancient grammarians assume in it the notion of quick succession, and explain it, though improperly, as syn. with statim, ilico, without any accompanying copulative, v. Gell. 10, 29; Non. p. 530, 1 sq. (only in the poets and histt.): Atque atque accedit muros Romana juventus (the repetition of the atque represents the approach step by step), Enn. ap. Gell. and Non. l. l. (Ann. v. 527 Müll.): Quo imus unā; ad prandium? Atque illi tacent, And then they are silent, Plaut. Capt. 3, 1, 19: Ubi cenamus? inquam, atque illi abnuunt, and upon this they shake their head, id. ib. 3, 1, 21; id. Ep. 2, 2, 33: dum circumspecto atque ego lembum conspicor, id. Bacch. 2, 3, 45; so id. Merc. 2, 1, 32; 2, 1, 35; id. Most. 5, 1, 9: lucernam forte oblitus fueram exstinguere: Atque ille exclamat derepente maximum, and then he suddenly exclaims, id. ib. 2, 2, 57: cui fidus Achates It comes ... atque illi Misenum in litore sicco Ut venere, vident, etc., and as they thus came, etc., Verg. A. 6, 162: dixerat, atque illi sese deus obtulit ultro, Stat. Th. 9, 481; 12, 360; Liv. 26, 39, 16; Tac. H. 3, 17: tum Otho ingredi castra ausus: atque illum tribuni centurionesque circumsistunt, id. ib. 1, 82.
Sometimes with two imperatives, in order to indicate vividly the necessity of a quicker succession, or the close connection between two actions: cape hoc argentum atque defer, Ter. Heaut. 4, 7, 3: abi domum ac deos comprecare, id. Ad. 4, 5, 65: tace modo ac sequere hac, id. ib. 2, 4, 16: Accipe carmina atque hanc sine tempora circum hederam tibi serpere, Verg. E. 8, 12; id. G. 1, 40; 3, 65; 4, 330: Da auxilium, pater, atque haec omina firma, id. A. 2, 691; 3, 89; 3, 250; 3, 639; 4, 424; 9, 90; 10, 624; 11, 370. In the order of thought, and so, and thus, and therefore. Absol.: si nunc de tuo jure concessisses paululum, Atque adulescenti morigerāsses, and so, Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 10. With ita or sic: Ventum deinde ad multo angustiorem rupem, atque ita rectis saxis, etc., Liv. 21, 36; Plin. 10, 58, 79, § 158: ac sic prope innumerabiles species reperiuntur, Quint. 12, 10, 67. Connecting conclusion and condition, so, then (cf. at, II. F.): non aliter quam qui adverso vix flumine lembum Remigiis subigit, si bracchia forte remisit, Atque illum praeceps prono rapit alveus amni, Verg. G. 1, 203 (here explained by statim by Gell. 10, 29, and by Servius, but thus its connective force is wholly lost; cf. also Forbig ad h. l. for still another explanation). (As supra, I. c.) To annex a thought of more importance: Satisne videtur declarāsse Dionysius nihil esse ei beatum, cui semper aliqui terror impendeat? atque ei ne integrum quidem erat, ut ad justitiam remigraret, Cic. Tusc. 5, 21, 62; id. Tull. 4: hoc enim spectant leges, hoc volunt, incolumem esse civium conjunctionem, quam qui dirimunt, eos morte ... coërcent. Atque hoc multo magis efficit ipsa naturae ratio, id. Off. 3, 5, 23; id. Fam. 6, 1, 4: hac spe lapsus Induciomarus ... exsules damnatosque totā Galliā magnis praemiis ad se allicere coepit; ac tantam sibi jam iis rebus in Galliā auctoritatem comparaverat, ut, etc., Caes. B. G. 5, 55 fin.; Nep. Hann. 13, 2; Quint. 1, 10, 16.
Hence also in answers, in order to confirm a question or assertion: Sed videone ego Pamphilippum cum fratre Epignomo? Atque is est, And he it is, Yes, it is he, Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 4; so id. Truc. 1, 2, 24: Th. Mihin malum minitare? Ca. Atque edepol non minitabor, sed dabo, id. Curc. 4, 4, 15: Ch. Egon formidulosus? nemost hominum, qui vivat, minus. Th. Atque ita opust, Ter. Eun. 4, 6, 20. In expressing a wish, atque utinam: Veritus sum arbitros, atque utinam memet possim obliscier! Att., Trag. Rel. p. 160 Rib.: videmus enim fuisse quosdam, qui īdem ornate ac graviter, īdem versute et subtiliter dicerent. Atque utinam in Latinis talis oratoris simulacrum reperire possemus! Cic. Or. 7, 22; so id. Rep. 3, 5, 8: Atque utinam pro decore etc., Liv. 21, 41, 13: Atque utinam ex vobis unus etc., Verg. E. 10, 35; id. A. 1, 575: Atque utinam ... Ille vir in medio fiat amore lapis! Prop. 2, 9, 47; 3, 6, 15; 3, 7, 25; 3, 8, 19 al. To connect an adversative clause, and often fully with tamen, and yet, notwithstanding, nevertheless. Absol.: Mihi quidem hercle non fit veri simile; atque ipsis commentum placet, Ter. And. 1, 3, 20 Ruhnk. (atque pro tamen, Don.): ego quia non rediit filius, quae cogito! ... Atque ex me hic natus non est, sed ex fratre, id. Ad. 1, 1, 15 (Quasi dicat, ex me non est, et sic afficior: quid paterer si genuissem? Don.; cf. Acron. ap. Charis. p. 204 P.); Cic. Off. 3, 11, 48 Beier; id. Mur. 34, 71 Matth.: ceterum ex aliis negotiis, quae ingenio exercentur, in primis magno usui est memoria rerum gestarum ... Atque ego credo fore qui, etc., and yet I believe, Sall. J. 4, 1 and 3 Corte; id. C. 51, 35: observare principis egressum in publicum, insidere vias examina infantium futurusque populus solebat. Labor parentibus erat ostentare parvulos ... Ac plerique insitis precibus surdas principis aures obstrepebant, Plin. Pan. 26. With tamen: nihil praeterea est magnopere dicendum. Ac tamen, ne cui loco non videatur esse responsum, etc., Cic. Fin. 2, 27, 85: discipulos dissimilīs inter se ac tamen laudandos, id. de Or. 3, 10, 35; id. Rep. 1, 7, 12: Atque in his tamen tribus generibus etc., id. Off. 3, 33, 118; id. Pis. 1, 3; 13, 30; id. Prov. Cons. 7, 16; 7, 15 fin. (cf. in reference to the last four passages Wund. Varr. Lectt. p. lviii. sq.): ac tamen initia fastigii etc., Tac. A. 3, 29; 3, 56; 12, 56; 14, 21: pauciores cum pluribus certāsse, ac tamen fusos Germanos, id. H. 5, 16. To connect a minor affirmative proposition (the assumptio or propositio minor of logical lang.) in syllogisms, now, but, but now (while atqui is used to connect either an affirmative or negative minor premiss: v. atqui): Scaptius quaternas postulabat. Metui, si impetrāsset, ne tu ipse me amare desineres; ... Atque hoc tempore ipso impingit mihi epistulam etc., Cic. Att. 6, 1, 6.
Sometimes the conclusion is to be supplied: nisi qui naturas hominum, penitus perspexerit, dicendo, quod volet, perficere non poterit. Atque totus hic locus philosophorum putatur proprius (conclusion: ergo oratorem philosophiam cognoscere oportet), Cic. de Or. 1, 12, 53 and 54. In introducing a purpose (freq. in Cic.). A negative purpose, and esp. in anticipating an objection: Ac ne sine causā videretur edixisse, Cic. Phil. 3, 9, 24: Ac ne forte hoc magnum ac mirabile esse videatur, id. de Or. 2, 46, 191; so id. Fam. 5, 12, 30: Ac ne saepius dicendum sit, Cels. 8, 1: Ac ne forte roges, quo me duce, quo lare tuter, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 13: Ac ne forte putes, id. ib. 2, 1, 208: Ac ne forte putes etc., Ov. R. Am. 465 (Merkel, Et). A positive purpose: Atque ut ejus diversa studia in dissimili ratione perspicere possitis, nemo etc., Cic. Cat. 2, 5, 9: Atque ut omnes intellegant me etc. ... dico etc., id. Imp. Pomp. 8, 20; 2, 4; id. Clu. 14, 43; id. Sull. 2, 5; id. de Or. 3, 11, 40: Atque ut C. Flaminium relinquam etc., id. Leg. 3, 9, 20; id. Fin. 3, 2, 4. In continuing a thought in assertions or narration, and, now, and now, Plaut. Aul. prol. 18: audistis, cum pro se diceret, genus orationis, etc., ... perspexistis. Atque in eo non solum ingenium ejus videbatis, etc., Cic. Cael. 19, 45; so id. de Or. 3, 32, 130; 2, 7, 27; 3, 10, 39 al.; Caes. B. G. 2, 29; Nep. Ages. 7, 3; 8, 1, Eum. 10, 3 Bremi; Tac. A. 14, 64; 15, 3; Verg. A. 9, 1; Sil. 4, 1 al.: ac si, sublato illo, depelli a vobis omne periculum judicarem, now if I, etc., Cic. Cat. 2, 2, 3: atque si etiam hoc natura praescribit, etc., id. Off. 3, 6, 27; so Quint. 10, 1, 26; 10, 2, 8. In introducing parentheses: vulgo credere, Penino (atque inde nomen et jugo Alpium inditum) transgressum, Liv. 21, 38: omne adfectūs genus (atque ea maxime jucundam et ornatam faciunt orationem) de luxuriā, etc., Quint. 4, 3, 15 MSS., where Halm after Spalding reads et quae. At the conclusion of a discourse (not infreq. in Cic.): Atque in primis duabus dicendi partibus qualis esset, summatim breviterque descripsimus, And thus have we, then, briefly described, etc., Cic. Or. 15, 50: Ac de primo quidem officii fonte diximus, id. Off. 1, 6, 19: Ac de inferendā quidem injuriā satis dictum est, id. ib. 1, 8, 27; id. Inv. 2, 39, 115 al. In particular connections and phrases. Unus atque alter, one and the other; alius atque alius, one and another; now this, now that: unae atque alterae scalae, Sall. J. 60, 7: quarum (coclearum) cum unam atque alteram, dein plures peteret, id. ib. 93, 2: unum atque alterum lacum integer perfluit, Tac. H. 5, 6: dilatisque aliā atque aliā de causā comitiis, Liv. 8, 23, 17; Col. 9, 8, 10: alius atque alius, Tac. H. 1, 46; 1, 50 (v. alius, II. D.).
Also separated by several words: aliud ejus subinde atque aliud facientes initium, Sen. Ep. 32, 2. Etiam atque etiam. again and again: temo Stellas cogens etiam atque etiam Noctis sublime iter, Enn., Trag. Rel. p. 39 Rib.: etiam atque etiam cogita, Ter. Eun. 1, 1, 11: etiam atque etiam considera, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 14, 46: monitos eos etiam atque etiam volo, id. Cat. 2, 12, 27.
So, semel atque iterum, Cic. Font. 26; id. Clu. 49; Tac. Or. 17; and: iterum atque iterum, Verg. A. 8, 527; Hor. S. 1, 10, 39. Huc atque illuc, hither and thither, Cic. Q. Rosc. 37; id. de Or. 1, 40, 184; Verg. A. 9, 57; Ov. M. 2, 357; 10, 376; Tac. Agr. 10; id. H. 1, 85. Longe atque late, far and wide, Cic. Marcell. 29: atque eccum or atque eccum video, in colloquial lang.: Heus vocate huc Davom. Atque eccum, but here he is, Ter. And. 3, 3, 48: Audire vocem visa sum modo militis. Atque eccum, and here he is, id. Eun. 3, 2, 2; so id. Hec. 4, 1, 8. Atque omnia, in making an assertion general, and so generally: Atque in eis omnibus, quae sunt actionis, inest quaedam vis a naturā data, Cic. de Or. 3, 59, 223: quorum (verborum) descriptus ordo alias aliā terminatione concluditur, atque omnia illa et prima et media verba spectare debent ad ultimum, id. Or. 59, 200; id. de Or. 2, 64, 257: commoda civium non divellere, atque omnes aequitate eādem continere, and so rather, etc., id. Off. 2, 23, 83: nihil acerbum esse, nihil crudele, atque omnia plena clementiae, humanitatis, id. ad Q. Fr. 1, 1, 8: Atque omnis vitae ratio sic constat, ut, quae probamus in aliis, facere ipsi velimus, Quint. 10, 2, 2. With other conjunctions. After et: equidem putabam virtutem hominibus instituendo et persuadendo, non minis et vi ac metu tradi, Cic. de Or. 1, 58, 247: Magnifica vero vox et magno viro ac sapiente digna, id. Off. 3, 1, 1; id. Cael. 13: vanus aspectus et auri fulgor atque argenti, Tac. Agr. 32.: denuntiarent, ut ab Saguntinis abstineret et Carthaginem in Africam traicerent ac sociorum querimonias deferrent, Liv. 21, 6, 4: ubi et fratrem consilii ac periculi socium haberem, id. 21, 41, 2: et uti liter demum ac Latine perspicueque, Quint. 8, 3, 3: Nam et subtili plenius aliquid atque subtilius et vehementi remissius atque vehementius invenitur, id. 12, 10, 67. After que, as in Gr. τὲ καί: litterisque ac laudibus aeternare, Varr. ap. Non. p. 75, 20: submoverique atque in castra redigi, Liv. 26, 10: terrorem caedemque ac fugam fecere, id. 21, 52: mus Sub terris posuitque domos atque horrea fecit, Verg. G. 1, 182; 3, 434; id. A. 8, 486. Before et: caelum ipsum ac mare et silvas circum spectantes, Tac. Agr. 32. After neque (only in the poets and post - Aug. prose): nec clavis nec canis atque calix, Mart. 1, 32, 4: naturam Oceani atque aestūs neque quaerere hujus operis est, ac multi retulere, Tac. Agr. 10: mediocritatem pristinam neque dissimulavit umquam ac frequenter etiam prae se tulit, Suet. Vesp. 12. Atque repeated, esp. in arch. Lat.: Scio solere plerisque hominibus in rebus secundis atque prolixis atque prosperis animum excellere atque superbiam atque ferociam augescere atque crescere, Cato ap. Gell. 7, 3: Dicere possum quibus villae atque aedes aedificatae atque expolitae maximo opere citro atque ebore atque pavimentis Poenicis stent, Cato ap. Fest. p. 242 Müll.: atque ut C. Flamininum atque ea, quae jam prisca videntur, propter vetustatem relinquam, Cic. Leg. 3, 9, 20: omnem dignitatem tuam in virtute atque in rebus gestis atque in tuā gravitate positam existimare, id. Fam. 1, 5, 8.
Esp. freq. in enumerations in the poets: Haec atque illa dies atque alia atque alia, Cat. 68, 152: Mavortia tellus Atque Getae atque Hebrus, Verg. G. 4, 463: Clioque et Beroë atque Ephyre Atque Opis et Asia, id. ib. 4, 343.
And sometimes forming a double connective, both
and = et
et: Multus ut in terras deplueretque lapis: Atque tubas atque arma ferunt crepitantia caelo Audita, Tib. 2, 5, 73: complexa sui corpus miserabile nati Atque deos atque astra vocat crudelia mater, Verg. E. 5, 23; Sil. 1, 93; v. Forbig ad Verg. l. l.!*? Atque regularly stands at the beginning of its sentence or clause or before the word it connects, but in poetry it sometimes, like et and at, stands: In the second place: Jamque novum terrae stupeant lucescere solem, Altius atque cadant imbres, Verg. E. 6, 38 Rib., ubi v. Forbig.: Accipite ergo animis atque haec mea figite dicta, id. A. 3, 250, and 10, 104 (animis may, however, here be taken with Accipite, as in id. ib. 5, 304): Esto beata, funus atque imagines Ducant triumphales tuum, Hor. Epod. 8, 11; id. S. 1, 5, 4; 1, 6, 111; 1, 7, 12 (ubi v. Fritzsche). In the third place: quod pubes hederā virente Gaudeant pullā magis atque myrto, Hor. C. 1, 25, 18; cf. at fin. (Vid. more upon this word in Hand, Turs. I. pp. 452-513.)

atqui
at-qui (in MSS. sometimes adqui, e. g. Cic. Rep. 3, 5, 8 Mai, and often confounded with atque), conj. (the form atquin is incorrect and post-class.; for Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 55, should be read at quin separately, Fleck.; cf. Caper Orth. p. 2441) [qui, abl. of indef. quis, used adverbially; so pr. but anyhow; cf.: alioqui, ceteroqui]. In gen., serving to connect-an adversative clause or assertion, but anyhow, but any way or wise, yet, notwithstanding, however, rather, but now, but nevertheless, and yet, ἀλλὰ δή, ἀλλὰ δήπου, ἀλλὰ μήν (a purely adversative particle, a more emphatic at, while atque is regularly copulative; v. atque; syn.: at, sed, verum, autem; comparatively rare in all periods, it being scarcely more than an emphasized form of at): Th. Quid aïs, venefica? Py. Atqui certo comperi, Ter. Eun. 5, 1, 9: Sy. Gratiam habeo. De. Atqui, Syre, Hoc verumst et re ipsā experiere propediem, id. Ad. 5, 5, 7: Cl. Satis scite promittit tibi. Sy. Atqui tu hanc jocari credis? but yet do you believe that she is jesting? id. Heaut. 4, 4, 7: cum omnia vi et armis egeris, accuses eum, qui se praesidio munierit, non ut te oppugnaret, sed ut vitam suam posset defendere? Atqui ne ex eo quidem tempore id egit Sestius, ut, etc., and yet, Cic. Sest. 37, 79: tum, ut me Cotta vidit, peropportune, inquit, venis ... atqui mihi quoque videor, inquam, venisse, ut dicis, opportune, rather I seem to myself, etc., ἀλλὰ μὴν καὶ ἐμοὶ δοκῶ, id. N. D. 1, 7, 16: vitas hinnuleo me similis Chloe ... atqui non ego te tigris ut aspera Gaetulusve leo, frangere persequor, but yet, ἀλλά τοι, Hor. C. 1, 23, 1-10: Jam vero videtis nihil esse tam morti simile quam somnum; atqui dormientium animi maxime declarant divinitatem suam, but yet, Cic. Sen. 22, 81: tum dixisse (Lysandrum), mirari se non modo diligentiam, sed etiam sollertiam ejus, a quo essent illa dimensa atque descripta: et ei Cyrum respondisse: Atqui (sc. ne putes alium id fecisse) ego omnia ista sum dimensus, id. ib. 17, 59. Esp. In adding a thought confirmatory of a preceding one, but not antithetical (v. at init.), but indeed, but certainly, by all means: Do. Salvos sis, adulescens Sa. Siquidem hanc vendidero pretio suo. To. Atqui aut hoc emptore vendes pulcre aut alio non potest, Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 31: Et Philus: praeclaram vero causam ad me defertis, cum me improbitatis patrocinium suscipere vultis. Atqui id tibi, inquit Laelius, verendum est, but certainly (ironically), Cic. Rep. 3, 5, 8; id. Leg. 1, 1, 4.
Sometimes with pol or sic: atqui pol hodie non feres, ni genua confricantur, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 80: Py. Scis eam civem hinc esse? Pa. Nescio. Py. Atqui sic inventast, Ter. Eun. 5, 4, 30: hunc ego non diligam? non admirer? non omni ratione defendendum putem? Atqui sic a summis hominibus eruditissimis accepimus, etc., yet so we have certainly heard, etc., Cic. Arch. 8, 18. So also atqui si, adversative, but if, or continuative, if now, if indeed (cf.: quod si): sine veniat. Atqui si illam digito attigerit, oculi illi ilico ecfodientur, if, however, he do but touch her, Ter. Eun. 4, 6, 1 (Fleck., Qui): quae et conscripta a multis sunt diligenter et sunt humiliora quam illa, quae a nobis exspectari puto. Att. Atqui si quaeris ego quid exspectem, etc., Cic. Leg. 1, 5, 15; id. Fin. 4, 23, 62: atqui, si ita placet, inquit Antonius, trademus etiam, well now, if, id. de Or. 2, 50, 204: atqui Si noles sanus, curres hydropicus, but now if you are unwilling, etc., Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 33: atqui si tempus est ullum jure hominis necandi, quae multa sunt, certe illud est, but if now there is any time, Cic. Mil. 4 init. To modify a preceding negation or negative interrogation, yet, still, instead of that, rather: Ni. Numquam auferes hinc aurum. Ch. Atqui jam dabis, but, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 7, 26: Non sum apud me. Se. Atqui opus est nunc quom maxime ut sis, Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 27: O rem, inquis, difficilem et inexplicabilem. Atqui explicanda est, nevertheless, Cic. Att. 8, 3; id. Ac. 2, 36, 114: magnum narras, vix credibile. Atqui Sic habet, but in fact, so it is, Hor. S. 1, 9, 52; Curt. 6, 10, 5: modum statuarum haberi nullum placet? Atqui habeatur necesse est, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 59; 2, 3, 86; id. Parad. 1, 1, 7; Flor. 4, 2, 53; Curt. 6, 10, 10. To connect a minor proposition in a syllogism (both an affirmative and a negative, while atque only connects an affirm. proposition), but, but now, now: Ergo cum sol igneus sit, quia nullus ignis sine pastu aliquo possit permanere, necesse est aut ei similis sit igni, quem ... aut ei, qui ... atqui hic noster ignis etc., Cic. N. D. 2, 15, 40 and 41: qui fortis est, idem est fidens ... Qui autem est fidens, is profecto non extimescit ... Atqui in quem cadit aegritudo, in eundem timor ... Ita fit, ut fortitudini aegritudo repugnet, Cic. Tusc. 3, 7, 14: (mors) aut plane neglegenda est ... aut etiam optanda, si, etc. Atqui tertium certe nihil inveniri potest. Quid igitur timeam si, etc., id. Sen. 19, 66; id. Tusc. 5, 14, 40. (Vid. more upon this word in Hand, Turs. I. pp. 513-524.)

atramentum
ātrāmentum, i, n. ater, any black liquid: sepiae, Cic. N D. 2, 50, 127. Writing-ink, ink; in Vitr. 7, 10, and Plin. 27, 7, 28, § 52, called atramentum librarium: calamo et atramento temperato, Cic. ad Q. Fr. 2, 15, 6: per atramentum et calamum scribere, Vulg. 3 Joan. 13; Petr. 102, 13; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 236; Vulg. Jer. 36, 18; ib. 2 Joan. 12. A black pigment or color, Vitr. 7, 10; 7, 4; Plin. 35, 6, 25, § 41; also a fine, dark varnish, lacquer, id. 35, 10, 36, § 97: Indicum, India or China ink, id. 35, 6, 25, § 43. A blacking for coloring leather: atramentum sutorium, Plin. 34, 12, 32, § 123; Cic. Fam. 9, 21 fin. In comic language: Sc. Unā operā ebur atramento candefacere postulas. Phil. Lepide dictum de atramento atque ebore, i. e. you require something impossible, Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 102.

atratus
ātrātus, a, um, P. a., as if from atro, āre [ater], clothed in black for mourning, dressed in mourning: cedo, quis umquam cenārit atratus? * Cic. Vatin. 12 fin.: plebes, Tac. A. 3, 2: senex, Suet. Galb. 18.
Also of suppliants: an atratus prodiret in publicum proque rostris precaretur, Suet. Ner. 47.
Poet. of the horses in the chariot of the sun darkened in an eclipse: Solis et atratis luxerit orbis equis, Prop. 4, 4, 34 (cf. id. 3, 7, 32: Et citius nigros sol agitabit equos).

Atrax
Ā^trax, ăcis, = Ἄτραξ. Masc., a river in Ætolia, Plin. 4, 2, 3, § 6. Derivv. Ā^trăces, those living near the Atrax, Plin. 4, 2, 3, § 6. Ā^trā-cĭus, a, um, adj., of Atrax, Atracian: oris, Prop. 1, 8, 25 (Müll., Antariis). Fem., a town in Thessaly, on the Peneus, now Sidhiro-peliko, Plin. 4, 8, 15, § 29; Liv. 32, 15; 36, 10. Derivv. Ā^tră-cĭus, a, um, Atracian, poet. for Thessalian: ars, i. e. magic art, which the Thessalians practised much, Stat. Th. 1, 105: venenum, Val. Fl. 6, 447. (A patronymic instead of a gentile nom.; cf. Loers ad Ov. H. 17, 248.) Ā^trăcĭdes, ae, m., the Thessalian Cœneus, Ov. M. 12, 209. Ā^tră-cis, ĭdis, f., the Thessalian woman, Hippodamia, Ov. Am. 1, 4, 8; id. H. 17, 248; called also Ātrăcĭa virgo in Val. Fl. 1, 141.

Atreus
Ā^treus (dissyl.; cf. Quint. 1, 5, 24), ei, m., = Ἀτρεύς. A son of Pelops (hence, Pelopeïus, Ov. H. 8, 27) and Hippodamia, brother of Thyestes, father of Agamemnon and Menelaus, king of Argos and Mycenœ, Ov. M. 15, 855.
Atrea (acc.), Ov. Am. 3, 12, 39.
Atreu (voc.), Sen. Thyest. 486; 513. Derivv. Ā^trēĭus or Ā^trēus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Atreus, poet. for Argive, Stat. Th. 8, 743; cf. Pompei. Gram. p. 113 Lind. Ā^trīdes (Atridă in nom., Prop. 2, 14, 1), ae, m., a male descendant of Atreus; Atrides, absol. usu. for Agamemnon; in plur.: Atridae, the Atrides, i. e. Agamemnon and Menelaus, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 1: non minor Atrides, non bello major et aevo, i. e. not Menelaus, not Agamemnon, Ov. M. 12, 623; cf. id. ib. 13, 359; 15, 162.
In dat. and abl. plur.: Atridis, Hor. S. 2, 3, 203; Ov. P. 1, 7, 32.
In acc. plur.: Atridas superbos, Hor. C. 1, 10, 13.
In sing., For Agamemnon, Prop. 4, 6, 23; Hor. C. 2, 4, 7; id. Ep. 1, 2, 12; id. S. 2, 3, 187; Ov. M. 13, 189; 13, 230; 13, 365; 13, 439; 13, 655 et saep. For Menelaus, Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 43; Ov. M. 15, 805.
Sarcastically: Atrides, of Domitian, as a haughty ruler of Rome, Juv. 4, 65.

atriplex
ātrĭplex, plĭcis (more ancient form ātrĭplexum, i, n., Paul. ex Fest. p. 29 Müll.), n. (m., Plin. Val. 4, 7; f., Aemil. Macer Cap. de Atripl.), = ἀτράφαξις, the orach, a kitchen vegetable, Col. 10, 377; 11, 3, 42; Plin. 19, 6, 31, § 99; 19, 7, 35, § 117; 20, 20, 83, § 219; Pall. 5, 3, 3.

atrium
ātrĭum, ii, n. acc. to Scaliger, from αἴθριον, subdiale, since it was a part of the uncovered portion of the house (but the atrium of the Romans was always covered); acc. to Varr. L. L. 5, § 161 Müll., from the Tuscan town Atria, where this style of architecture originated; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 13 Müll.; and Müller, Etrusk. 1, p. 254 sq.; but better from ater, acc. to the explanation of Servius: ibi etiam culina erat, unde et atrium dictum est; atrum enim erat ex fumo, ad Verg. A. 1, 730. The fore-court, hall, entrance-room, entry; that part of the Roman house into which one first came after passing the entrance (janua); cf. Vitr. 6, 4; O. Müller, Archaeol. III. § 293, and Etrusk. above cited. In earlier times, the atrium was used as a dining-room, Cato ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 1, 726. Here stood, opposite the door, the lectus genialis, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 87; here sat the housewife with her maidens spinning, Arn. adv. Gent. 2, 67; here clients were in attendance, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 31; Juv. 7, 7 and 91; and here hung the family portraits and other paintings, Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 55; Mart. 2, 90; Val. Max. 5, 8, 3; Vulg. Matt. 26, 58; ib. Marc. 14, 54; ib. Joan. 18, 15 al.
Poet. in the plur., of a single atrium: Apparet domus intus et atria longa patescunt, Verg. A. 2, 483; so Ov. M. 14, 260; Juv. 8, 20 al.
Meton. for the house itself: nec capient Phrygias atria nostra nurus, Ov. H. 16, 184; id. M. 13, 968.
So of the entrance-room in the dwelling of the gods: dextrā laevāque deorum Atria nobilium (as it were clients, v. supra) valvis celebrantur apertis, Ov. M. 1, 172; Stat. Th. 1, 197. In temples and other public buildings there was often an atrium, a hall, court: in atrio Libertatis, Cic. Mil. 22, 59; Liv. 25, 7; 45, 15; Tac. H. 1, 31; Suet. Aug. 29: Vestae, Plin. Ep. 7, 19, 2; also called atrium regium, Liv. 26, 27; cf. Ov. F. 6, 263; id. Tr. 3, 1, 30: atrium tabernaculi, Vulg. Exod. 27, 9; ib. Lev. 6, 26: in atriis Domūs Dei, ib. Psa. 91, 14; 134, 2; Smith, Dict. Antiq.
So atrium auctionarium, an auction-hall, auction-room, Cic. Agr. 1, 3; so Inscr. Orell. 3439; and absol., atria: cum desertis Aganippes Vallibus esuriens migraret in atria Clio, Juv. 7, 7. Such halls were the Atria Licinia, Cic. Quinct. 6, 25: ATRIVM SVTORIVM, the shoemakers' hall, a place in Rome, Calend. Praenest. Inscr. Orell. II. 386.

atrocitas
ā^trōcĭtas, ātis, f. atrox, the quality of atrox, harshness, horribleness, hideousness, hatefulness (having reference to the form, appearance, while saevitas relates to the mind; hence the latter is used only of persons, the former of persons and things; v. Doed. Syn. I. p. 40; syn.: saevitas, duritia, acerbitas, crudelitas). Lit. (class., but only in prose): si res ista gravissima suā sponte videretur, tamen ejus atrocitas necessitudinis nomine levaretur, Cic. Quinct. 16, 52: ipsius facti atrocitas aut indignitas, id. Inv. 2, 17, 53: facinoris, Suet. Calig. 12: sceleris, Sall. C. 22, 3: temporum, Suet. Tib. 48; id. Calig. 6: poenae, id. Dom. 11. Of the mind or manners, agitation (like that of the sea, v. ater and atrocitas maris, Col. 8, 17, 10), tumult rage, savageness, barbarity, atrocity, cruelty, roughness: ego quod in hac causā vehementior sum, non atrocitate animi moveor (quis enim est me mitior?) sed, etc., Cic. Cat. 4, 6: hae litterae invidiosam atrocitatem verborum habent, id. ad. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2, § 6. So, morum, Tac. A. 4, 13: consilium nefandae atrocitatis, Suet. Calig. 48.
In phil. and jurid. lang. severity, harshness: atrocitas ista quo modo in veterem Academiam irruperit, nescio, Cic. Ac. 2, 44, 136: atrocitas formularum, the rigid strictness of judicial formulas, Quint. 7, 1, 37 Spald.
In plur., App. Met. 10, c. 28, p. 252.

atrox
ā^trox, ōcis, adj. from ater, as ferox from ferus, velox from velum. Atrocem hoc est asperum, crudelem, quod qui atro vultu sunt, asperitatem ac saevitiam prae se ferunt, Perott.; cf. Doed. Syn. I. p. 38 sq., dark, gloomy, frowning, horrible, hideous, frightful, dreadful; and trop., savage, cruel, fierce, atrocious, harsh, severe, unyielding (of persons and things; while saevus is used only of persons; v. Doed. as cited supra; very freq. and class.): exta, Naev. ap. Non. p. 76, 6: (fortunam) insanam esse aiunt, quia atrox, incerta, instabilisque sit, Pac. ap. Auct. ad Her. 2, 23 (Trag. Rel. p. 125 Rib.): sic Multi, animus quorum atroci vinctus malitiā est, Att., Trag. Rel. p. 141 Rib.: re atroci percitus, Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 17: res tam scelesta, tam atrox, tam nefaria credi non potest, Cic. Rosc. Am. 22, 62: saevissimi domini atrocissima effigies, Plin. Pan. 52 fin.: Agrippina semper atrox, always gloomy, Tac. A. 4, 52; 2, 57: filia longo dolore atrox, wild, id. ib. 16, 10: hiems, severe, Plin. 18, 35, 80, § 353: nox, Tac. A. 4, 50: tempestas, id. ib. 11, 31: flagrantis hora Caniculae, Hor. C. 3, 13, 9: atrocissimae litterae, Cic. Fam. 9, 25, 3: bellum magnum et atrox, Sall. J. 5, 1: facinus, Liv. 1, 26: non alia ante pugna atrocior, id. 1, 27: periculum atrox, dreadful, id. 33, 5; so, negotium, Sall. C. 29, 2: imperium (Manlii), harsh, Liv. 8, 7: odium, violent, Ov. M. 9, 275 et saep.
Of discourse, violent, bitter: tunc admiscere huic generi orationis vehementi atque atroci genus illud alterum ... lenitatis et mansuetudinis, Cic. de Or. 2, 49, 200: Summa concitandi adfectūs accusatori in hoc est, ut id, quod objecit, aut quam atrocissimum aut etiam quam maxime miserabile esse videatur, Quint. 6, 1, 15: peroratio, Plin. 27, 2, 2, § 4: et cuncta terrarum subacta Praeter atrocem animum Catonis, stern, unyielding, Hor. C. 2, 1, 24: fides (Reguli), Sil. 6, 378; so, virtus, id. 13, 369: ut verba atroci (i. e. rigido) stilo effoderent, Petr. 4, 3.
Hence of that which is fixed, certain, invincible: occisa est haec res, nisi reperio atrocem mi aliquam astutiam, Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 7 Lind. (perh. the figure is here drawn from the contest; the atrox pugna and atrox astutia are ludicrously contrasted with occidit res, the cause had been lost, if I had not come to the rescue with powerful art).
Adv.: atrōcĭter, violently, fiercely, cruelly, harshly (only in prose): atrociter minitari, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 62: fit aliquid, id. Rosc. Am. 53 fin.: dicere, id. Or. 17, 56: agitare rem publicam, Sall. J. 37, 1: invehi in aliquem, Liv. 3, 9: deferre crimen, Tac. A. 13, 19 fin.: multa facere, Suet. Tib. 59 al.
Comp.: atrocius in aliquem saevire, Liv. 42, 8; Tac. H. 1, 2; 2, 56: atrocius accipere labores itinerum, reluctantly, id. ib. 1, 23.
Sup.: de ambitu atrocissime agere in senatu, Cic. ad Q. Fr. 2, 16: leges atrocissime exercere, Suet. Tib. 58.

Atta
Atta, ae, m., a surname for persons who walk upon the tips of their shoes, Paul. ex Fest. p. 11 Müll. (prob. from ᾄττω = ᾄσσω, to spring, to hop). So the comic poet, C. Quintius Atta († 652 A.U.C.), of whose writings fragments yet remain; cf. Bähr, Lit. Gesch. p. 71; Teuffel, Rom. Lit. § 120; Both. Fragm. Poet. Scen. II. p. 97 sq.; Fest. l. l. Upon the signif. of the name Horace plays with the words: Recte necne crocum floresque perambulet Attae Fabula, si dubitem, etc., Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 79; cf. Weich. Poet. Lat. p. 345 sq.
The ancestor of the Gens Claudia was an Atta, Suet. Tib. 1.

attagen
attăgēn, ēnis, m. (cf. Schneid. Gr. 2, p. 131; Neue, Formenl. I. pp. 153, 318, 323 sq.) (attăgēna, ae, f., Mart. 2, 37, 3, and 13, 61), = ἀτταγήν, a meadow-bird, the hazelhen or heath-cock: Tetrao bonasia, Linn.: Attagen maxume Ionius celeber, Plin. 10, 48, 68, § 133: Non attagen Ionicus Jucundior, Hor. Epod. 2, 54.

Attalus
Attălus, i, m., = Ἄτταλος. The name of several kings of Pergamos, the most renowned of whom, both from his wealth and his discovery of the art of weaving cloth from gold, was Attalus III., who made the Roman people his heir, Plin. 8, 48, 74, § 196; 33, 11, 53, § 148; Flor. 2, 20, 2; 3, 12, 3; Hor. C. 2, 18, 5.
Hence, Attălĭcus, a, um, adj., of or pertaining to Attalus, Attalian: urbes, i. e. Pergamean, Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 5: Attalicas supera vestes, woven with gold, Prop. 4, 17, 19: Porticus aulaeis nobilis Attalicis, id. 3, 30, 12; Sil. 14, 659.
Also absol.: Attălĭca, ōrum, n. (sc. vestimenta), garments of inwoven gold: Aurum intexere in eādem Asiā invenit Attalus rex, unde nomen Attalicis, Plin. 8, 48, 74, § 196: torus, ornamented with such cloth or tapestry, Prop. 3, 5, 6; 5, 5, 24.
Meton., rich, splendid, brilliant: Attalicis condicionibus Numquam dimoveas, etc., Hor. C. 1, 1, 12: divitiae, Tert. Jejun. 15 fin. A general of Alexander the Great, Curt. 4, 13. A Macedonian, enemy of Alexander, Curt. 6, 9.

attegrare
attegrāre, to pour out wine in sacrifices: attegrare enim est minus facere, ut integrare in statum redigere, Paul. ex Fest. p. 12 Müll. (Festus seems to have written the word ategrare, and to have considered the a as privativum; the Cod. Berol. has also ategrare, Fr.)

Atteius
Attēius (better Atēius), ii, m., the name of several Latin grammarians. Atteius Philologus, a distinguished rhetorician and grammarian, friend of Sallust and Asinius Pollio, Suet. Gram. 7 and 10; Serv. ad Verg. A. 1, 601; 1, 273; 5, 45; Fest. pp. 179, 182, 187, 248 al.; Charis. p. 102 P.; cf. Bähr, Lit. Gesch. p. 523; Teuffel, Rom. Lit. § 207, 1; also an historian, Suet. Gram. 10; cf. Bähr, Lit. Gesch. p. 285. Atteius Capito, a contemporary of Augustus and Tiberius, Suet. Gram. 10 and 22; Fest. pp. 176, 208, 227, 234 al.; cf. Bähr, Lit. Gesch. p. 528; Teuffel, Rom. Lit. § 260, 3; he was also the founder of a distinguished law-school, and adversary of Antistius Labeo, Tac. A. 3, 75; Gell. 1, 12, 8; 2, 24, 2; 4, 14, 1 al., cf. Bähr, Lit. Gesch. p. 553; Hugo, Rechtsgeschichte, p. 868; Zimmern, Rechtsgeschichte, l. p. 305 sq.

attempero
at-tempĕro (adt-, Haase), āre, v. a., to fit, adjust, accommodate (only in the foll. exs.): gladium sibi adtemperare, i. e. accommodare, Sen. Ep. 30, 8: paenula, ut infundibulum inversum, est attemperata, Vitr. 10, 12, 2.
Hence, * attempĕrātē, adv., opportunely, seasonably, = accommodate, commode: Itane attemperate evenit, hodie in ipsis nuptiis Ut veniret, antehac numquam? Ter. And. 5, 4, 13.

attendo
attendo (adt-, Dietsch), tendi, tentum, 3, v. a., orig., to stretch something (e. g. the bow) toward something; so only in Appul.: arcum, Met. 2, p. 122, 5.
Hence, In gen., to direct or turn toward, = advertere, admovere: aurem, Att. ap. Non. p. 238, 10; Trag. Rel. p. 173 Rib. (cf. infra, P. a.): attendere signa ad aliquid, i. e. to affix, Quint. 11, 2, 29 (Halm, aptare); so, manus caelo, to stretch or extend toward, App. Met. 11, p. 263, 5: caput eodem attentum, Hyg. Astr. 3, 20.
Far more freq., Trop. Animum or animos attendere, or absol. attendere, also animo attendere, to direct the attention, apply the mind to something, to attend to, consider, mind, give heed to (cf.: advertere animum, and animadvertere; freq. and class.) With animum or animos: animum ad quaerendum quid siet, Pac. ap. Non. p. 238, 15: dictis animum, Lucil. ib.: animum coepi attendere, Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 28: quo tempore aures judex erigeret animumque attenderet? Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 10: si, cum animum attenderis, turpitudinem videas, etc., id. Off. 3, 8, 35: animum ad cavendum, Nep Alcib 5, 2: jubet peritos linguae attendere animum, pastorum sermo agresti an urbano propior esset, Liv. 10, 4: praeterea et nostris animos attendere dictis atque adhibere velis, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 238, 11: attendite animos ad ea, quae consequuntur, Cic. Agr. 2, 15.
With a rel.-clause as object: nunc quid velim, animum attendite, Ter. Phorm. prol. 24. Absol.: postquam attendi Magis et vi coepi cogere, ut etc., Ter. Hec. 2, 2, 25: rem gestam vobis dum breviter expono, quaeso, diligenter attendite, Cic. Mil. 9: audi, audi atque attende, id. Planc. 41, 98; so id. de Or. 3, 13, 50; Phaedr. 2, 5, 6; Juv. 6, 66; 11, 16 al.
With acc. of the thing or person to which the attention is directed: Glaucia solebat populum monere, ut, cum lex aliqua recitaretur, primum versum attenderet, Cic. Rab. Post. 6, 14: sed stuporem hominis attendite, mark the stupidity, id. Phil. 2, 12, 30; so id. de Or. 1, 35, 161; Sall. J. 88, 2; Plin. Ep 6, 8, 8; Luc. 8, 623 al.: me de invidiosis rebus dicentem attendite. Cic. Sull 11, 33; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 10: Quā re attendo te studiose, id. Fin. 3, 12, 40: non attenderunt mandata, Vulg. 2 Esdr. 9, 34; ib. Job, 21, 5; ib. Isa. 28, 23.
Pass.: versūs aeque prima et media et extrema pars attenditur, Cic. de Or. 3, 50, 192.
With inf. or acc. and inf. as object: quid futurum est, si pol ego hanc discere artem attenderim? Pompon. ap. Non. p. 238, 17: non attendere superius illud eā re a se esse concessum, Cic. Ac. 2, 34, 111.
With a rel.clause or a subjunct. with a particle: cum attendo, quā prudentiā sit Hortensius, Cic. Quinct. 20, 63: Hermagoras nec, quid dicat, attendere nec ... videatur, id. Inv. 1, 6, 8: forte lubuit adtendere, quae res maxume tanta negotia sustinuisset, Sall. C. 53, 2: Oro, parumper Attendas, quantum de legibus queratur etc., Juv. 10, 251: attende, cur, etc., Phaedr. 2, prol. 14: attendite ut sciatis prudentiam, Vulg. Prov. 4, 1: Attendite, ne justitiam vestram faciatis etc., ib. Matt. 6, 1; ib. Eccli. 1, 38; 13, 10; 28, 30.
With de: cum de necessitate attendemus, Cic. Part. Or. 24, 84.
With dat. (post-Aug.): sermonibus malignis, Plin. Ep. 7, 26: cui magis quam Caesari attendant? id. Pan. 65, 2; Sil. 8, 591: attendit mandatis, Vulg. Eccli. 32, 28; ib. Prov. 7, 24: attendite vobis, take heed to yourselves, ib. Luc. 17, 3; ib. Act. 5, 35; ib. 1 Tim. 4, 16.
So in Suet. several times in the signif. to devote attention to, to study, = studere: eloquentiae plurimum attendit, Suet. Calig. 53: juri, id. Galb. 5: extispicio, id. Ner. 56.
With abl. with ab (after the Gr. προσέχειν ἀπό τινος; eccl. Lat.): attende tibi a pestifero, beware of, Vulg. Eccli. 11, 35: attendite ab omni iniquo, ib. ib. 17, 11; ib. Matt. 7, 15; ib. Luc. 12, 1; 20, 46. With animo (ante- and post-class. and rare): cum animo attendi ad quaerendum, Pac., Trag. Rel. p. 79 Rib.: nunc quid petam, aequo animo attendite, Ter. Hec. prol. 20: quid istud sit, animo attendatis, App. Flor. 9: ut magis magisque attendant animo, Vulg. Eccli. prol.; so, in verbis meis attende in corde tuo, ib. ib. 16, 25. To strive eagerly for something, long for: puer, ne attenderis Petere a me id quod nefas sit concedi tibi, Att. ap. Non. p. 238, 19 (Trag. Rel. p. 173 Rib.).
Hence, attentus, a, um, P. a. Directed to something, attentive, intent on: Ut animus in spe attentus fuit, Ter. And. 2, 1, 3: Quo magis attentas aurīs animumque reposco, Lucr. 6, 920: Verba per attentam non ibunt Caesaris aurem, Hor. S. 2, 1, 19: si attentos animos ad decoris conservationem tenebimus, Cic. Off. 1, 37, 131: cum respiceremus attenti ad gentem, Vulg. Thren. 4, 17: eaque dum animis attentis admirantes excipiunt, Cic. Or. 58, 197: acerrima atque attentissima cogitatio, a very acute and close manner of thinking, id. de Or. 3, 5, 17: et attentum monent Graeci a principio faciamus judicem et docilem, id. ib. 2, 79, 323; 2, 19, 80; id. Inv. 1, 16, 23; Auct. ad Her. 1, 4: Ut patris attenti, lenonis ut insidiosi, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 172: judex circa jus attentior, Quint. 4, 5, 21. Intent on, striving after something, careful, frugal, industrious: unum hoc vitium fert senectus hominibus: Attentiores sumus ad rem omnes quam sat est, Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 48: nimium ad rem in senectā attente sumus, id. ib. 5, 8, 31: tum enim cum rem habebas, quaesticulus te faciebat attentiorem, Cic. Fam. 9, 16, 7: paterfamilias et prudens et attentus, id. Quinct. 3: Durus, ait, Voltei, nimis attentusque videris Esse mihi, Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 91: asper et attentus quaesitis, id. S. 2, 6, 82: vita, Cic. Rosc. Am. 15, 44 Matth.: qui in re adventiciā et hereditariā tam diligens, tam attentus esset, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 48: antiqui attenti continentiae, Val. Max. 2, 5, 5.
Comp.: hortor vos attentiori studio lectionem facere, * Vulg. Eccli. prol.
Hence, adv.: atten-tē, attentively, carefully, etc.: attente officia servorum fungi, Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 14; audire, Cic. Phil. 2, 5; id. Clu. 3 fin.; id. de Or. 2, 35, 148; id. Brut. 54, 200: legere, id. Fam. 7, 19: parum attente dicere, Gell. 4, 15: custodire attente, Vulg. Jos. 22, 5.
Comp.: attentius audire, Cic. Clu. 23: acrius et attentius cogitare, id. Fin. 5, 2, 4: attentius agere aliquid, Sall. C. 52, 18: spectare, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 197: invicem diligere, Vulg. 1 Pet 1, 22.
Sup.: attentissime audire, Cic. de Or. 1, 61, 259.

attento
at-tento (adtempto, K. and H.; at-tempto, Kayser, Rib., Halm, Queck), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., lit., to strive after something, to attempt, essay, try, make trial of; to solicit; to assail, attack (class. in prose and poetry): digitis mollibus arcum attemptat, attempts to draw, Claud. Rapt. Pros. 3, 217: aliquem lacrimis, to attempt to move, Val. Fl. 4, 11: praeteriri omnino fuerit satius quam attemptatum deseri, begun, Cic. de Or. 3, 28, 110: attemptata defectio, the attempted revolt, Liv. 23, 15, 7 (Weissenb., temptata): omnium inimicos diligenter cognoscere, colloqui, attemptare, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 54: Capuam propter plurimas belli opportunitates ab illā impiā et sceleratā manu attemptari suspicabamur, i. e. moved by persuasion to revolt, id. Sest. 4: ne compositae orationis insidiis sua fides attemptetur, id. Or. 61, 208: mecum facientia jura Si tamen adtemptas, i. e. attempt to shake, attack, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 23: nec hoc testamentum ejus quisquam attemptavit, sought to annul, Val. Max. 7, 8, 3; so, sententiam judicis, Dig. 12, 6, 23: pudicitiam, to seek to defile or pollute, ib. 47, 10, 10: annonam, to make dearer, ib. 47, 11, 6.
Of a hostile attack: vi attemptantem repellere, Tac. A. 13, 25: jam curabo sentiat, Quos attentārit, Phaedr. 5, 2, 7: haud illum bello attemptare juvencis Sunt animi, Stat. Th. 4, 71.
Trop.: Quae aegritudo insolens mentem attemptat tuam? Pac. ap. Non. p. 322, 18 (Trag. Rel. p. 84 Rib.).

attenuo
at-tĕnŭo (adt-, Lachm., Merk., Weissenb.; att-, Kayser, K. and H., L. Müller), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to make thin or weak; to thin, attenuate; to weaken, enfeeble; to lessen, diminish. Lit.: aëna Signa manus dextras ostendunt adtenuari Saepe salutantūm tactu, * Lucr. 1, 317 (cf.: attritum mentum, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 43): bellum (servile) exspectatione Pompeii attenuatum atque imminutum est, adventu sublatum ac sepultum, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 11, 30: legio proeliis attenuata, Caes. B. C. 3, 89: diutino morbo viribus admodum adtenuatis, Liv. 39, 49; 25, 11: fame attenuari, Vulg. Job, 18, 12; ib. Jer. 14, 18: macie attenuari, ib. 2 Reg. 13, 4: sortes adtenuatae, diminished, Liv. 21, 62: foliorum exilitate usque in fila attenuatā, Plin. 21, 6, 16, § 30: (lingua) attenuans lambendo cutem homines, id. 11, 37, 65, § 172 al.: Non falx attenuat frondatorum arboris umbram, Cat. 64, 41: adtenuant juvenum vigilatae corpora noctes, Ov. A. A. 1, 735 (cf. infra, P. a.): patrias opes, id. M. 8, 844; so id. P. 4, 5, 38. Trop.: curas lyrā, Ov. Tr. 4, 1, 16; 4, 6, 18: luctus, Albin. ad Liv. 342: insignem attenuat deus, brings low, abases, Hor. C. 1, 34, 13: attenuabit omnes deos terrae, Vulg. Soph. 2, 11: hujusmodi partes sunt virtutis amplificandae, si suadebimus; attenuandae, si ab his dehortabimur, Auct. ad. Her. 3, 3, 6: attenuabitur gloria Jacob, Vulg. Isa. 17, 4.
Hence, attĕnŭātus (adt-), a, um, P. a., enfeebled, weakened, reduced, weak. Lit.: adtenuatus amore, Ov. M. 3, 489: continuatione laborum, August. ap. Suet. Tib. 21: fortuna rei familiaris attenuatissima, Auct. ad Her. 4, 41: voce paululum attenuatā, with a voice a little suppressed, id. ib. 3, 14: acuta atque attenuata nimis acclamatio, id. ib. 12, 21.
Comp. not in use.
Sup.: fortunae familiares attenuatissimae, Auct. ad Her. 4, 41, 53. Trop. Feeble, destitute, poor (eccl. Lat.): Siattenuatus frater tuus vendiderit etc., Vulg. Lev. 25, 25; 25, 35; 25, 47; ib. 2 Esdr. 5, 18. Esp., of discourse. Shortened, brief: ipsa illa [pro Roscio] juvenilis redundantia multa habet attenuata, Cic. Or. 30, 108. Too much refined, affected: itaque ejus oratio nimiā religione attenuata doctis et attente audientibus erat illustris, hence his discourse was so delicately formed, through excessive scrupulousness, Cic. Brut. 82. Meagre, dry, without ornament: attenuata (oratio) est, quae demissa est usque ad usitatissimam puri sermonis consuetudinem, Auct. ad Her. 4, 8: attenuata verborum constructio, id. ib. 4, 10, 15.
* Adv.: at-tenuātē, simply: attenuate presseque dicere, Cic. Brut. 55, 201.

attero
at-tĕro (adt-, Dietsch), trīvi, trītum, 3, v. a. (perf. inf. atteruisse, Tib. 1, 4, 48; cf. Vell. Long. p. 2234 P.), to rub one thing against another; hence, in gen., to rub away, wear out or diminish by rubbing, to waste, wear away, weaken, impair, exhaust. Lit. (most freq. after the Aug. per.; in Cic. only once as P. a.; v. infra): insons Cerberus leniter atterens caudam, rubbing against or upon (sc. Herculi), * Hor. C. 2, 19, 30: asinus spinetis se scabendi causā atterens, Plin. 10, 74, 95, § 204: aures, * Plaut. Pers. 4, 9, 11 (cf. antestor): bucula surgentes atterat herbas, tramples upon, Verg. G. 4, 12: opere insuetas atteruisse manus, Tib. 1, 4, 48; so Prop. 5, 3, 24, and Plin. 2, 63, 63, § 158; so, dentes usu atteruntur, id. 7, 16, 15, § 70: attrivit sedentis pedem, Vulg. Num. 22, 25: vestem, Dig. 23, 3, 10; Col. 11, 2, 16; Cels. praef.: vestimenta, Vulg. Deut. 29, 5; ib. Isa. 51, 6.
Poet., of sand worn by the water flowing over it: attritas versabat rivus harenas, Ov. M. 2, 456. Trop., to destroy, waste, weaken, impair: postquam utrimque legiones item classes saepe fusae fugataeque et alteri alteros aliquantum adtriverant, Sall. J. 79, 4: magna pars (exercitūs) temeritate ducum adtrita est, id. ib. 85, 46: Italiae opes bello, id. ib. 5, 4; so Tac. H. 1, 10; 1, 89; 2, 56; Curt. 4, 6 fin.; cf. Sil. 2, 392 Drak.: nec publicanus atterit (Germanos), exhausts, drains, Tac. G. 29: famam atque pudorem, Sall. C. 16, 2: et vincere inglorium et atteri sordidum arbitrabatur, and to suffer injury in his dignity, Tac. Agr. 9 Rupert.: eo tempore, quo praecipue alenda ingenia atque indulgentiā quādam enutrienda sunt, asperiorum tractatu rerum atteruntur, are enfeebled, Quint. 8, prooem. 4: filii ejus atterentur egestate, Vulg. Job, 20, 10: Nec res atteritur longo sufflamine litis, Juv. 16, 50.
Hence, attrītus, a, um, P. a., rubbed off, worn off or away, wasted. Lit. In gen.: ut rictum ejus (simulacri) ac mentum paulo sit attritius, * Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 43: ansa, Verg. E. 6, 17: vomer, worn bright, id. G. 1, 46; cf. Juv. 8, 16 Rupert.: caelaturae, Plin. 33, 12, 55, § 157; Petr. 109, 9. In medicine, attritae partes or subst. attrita, ōrum, n. (sc. membra), bruised, excoriated parts of the body: medetur et attritis partibus sive oleo etc., Plin. 24, 7, 28, § 43: attritis medetur cinis muris silvatici etc., id. 30, 8, 22, § 70. Trop.: attrita frons, a shameless, impudent face (lit. a smooth face, to which shame no longer clings; cf. perfrico), Juv. 13, 242 Rupert.; so, domus Israël attritā fronte, Vulg. Ezech. 3, 7.
Sup. and adv. not used.

attestor
at-testor, ātus, 1, v. dep., to bear witness to, to attest, prove, confirm, corroborate (very rare, and not before the Aug. per.; for in Cic. Sull. 29 fin. the reading should be, with Cod. Erf. and Lambin., ad testandam omnium memoriam; v. Frotsch. ad h. l.; so B. and K.): hoc attestatur brevis Aesopi fabula, Phaedr. 1, 10, 3: Plin. H. N. praef. § 10: M. Cato id saepenumero attestatus est, Gell. 4, 12: attestata fulgura, in the lang. of omens, lightnings which confirm that which was indicated by previous lightnings, confirmatory (opp. peremptalibus, which cancel, annul, what was previously indicated): attestata (fulmina), quae prioribus consentiunt, Sen. Q. N. 2, 49: attestata dicebantur fulgura, quae iterato fiebant, videlicet significationem priorum attestantia, Paul. ex Fest. p. 12 Müll.; cf. Müll. Etrusk. 2, p. 170.

attexo
at-texo, texui, textum, 3, v. a. To weave on or to something (rare, and only in prose): turres contabulantur, pinnae loricaeque ex cratibus attexuntur, Caes. B. G. 5, 40: attexti capite crines, App. M. 11, p. 260, 35. In gen., to add: secundum actum, Varr. R. R. 2, 5, 2: vos autem ad id, quod erit immortale, partem attexitote mortalem, Cic. Tim. 11 fin.

Atthis
Atthis (better than Attis), ĭdis, adj. f., = Ἀτθίς. Attic or Athenian: matres, Mart. 11, 53: lingua, App. M. 1, praef. Oud.
Hence, Subst. An Athenian woman, Sen. Hippol. 107.
Esp., Philomela; and, since she was changed to a nightingale, meton. for a nightingale, Mart. 1, 54, 9. Also Procne, the sister of Philomela; acc. to the fable (cf. Sen. Herc. Oet. 200), changed into a swallow; hence, meton. for a swallow, Mart. 5, 67. A female friend of Sappho: Non oculis grata est Atthis, Ov. H. 15, 18 Merk. ubi v. Loers. A name for Attica: Atthide temptantur gressus, Lucr. 6, 1116; Sid. Carm. 5, 44; cf. Mel. 2, 3, 4; 2, 7, 10.

Atticus
Attĭcus, a, um, adj., = Ἀττικός. In gen., of or pertaining to Attica or Athens, Attic, Athenian: Athenae, Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 2; id. Rud. 3, 4, 36 al.: civis Attica atque libera, id. Poen. 1, 2, 159: civis Attica, Ter. And. 1, 3, 16: disciplina, Plaut. Cas. 3, 5, 24: fines, Hor. C. 1, 3, 6: regio, Plin. 10, 12, 15, § 33: thymum, id. 21, 10, 31, § 57: mel, of Mount Hymettus, id. ib.: apis, Ov. Tr. 5, 4, 30: sal, Plin. 31, 7, 41, § 87: columnae, formed in the Attic manner, id. 36, 23, 56, § 179 (cf. atticurges): ochra, id. 37, 10, 66, § 179 (cf. 2. Attice): paelex, i. e. Philomela, Mart. 10, 51; cf. Ov. M. 6, 537: fides, i. e. sincere, firm, prov., Vell. 2, 23, 4: profluvius, a disease of animals, the glanders, Veg. Art. Vet. 1, 17 and 38.
Attĭci, ōrum, m., the Athenians, Phaedr. 1, 2, 6. Esp. Appel., to designate the highest grade of style, philosophy, eloquence, etc., Cic. Opt. Gen. 3, 7 sqq.; cf. id. Brut. 82, 284 sqq.: Demosthenes, quo ne Athenas quidem ipsas magis credo fuisse Atticas, id. Or. 7, 23: lepos, Mart. 3, 20.
Hence, subst.: Attici, orators of the Attic stamp (opp. Asiani): et antiqua quidem illa divisio inter Atticos atque Asianos fuit: cum hi pressi et integri, contra inflati illi et inanes haberentur; in his nihil superflueret, illis judicium maxime ac modus deesset, etc., Quint. 12, 10, 16 sq.
And transf. to other things, excellent, preeminent, preferable: logi, Plaut. Pers. 3, 1, 66.
Hence, Attĭcē, adv., in the Attic or Athenian manner: dicere, Cic. Brut. 84; 290; id. Opt. Gen. 3, 8; 4, 11; Quint. 12, 10, 18: loqui, id. 8, 1, 2: pressi oratores, id. 12, 10, 18. A surname of T. Pomponius, the intimate friend of Cicero, given to him on account of his long residence at Athens. His biography is found in Nepos. A friend of Ovid, Ov. Am. 1, 9, 2; id. P. 2, 4, 2. Antonius Atticus, a Latin rhetorician, Sen. Suas. 2, p. 19 Bip. Vipsanius Atticus, Sen. Contr. 2, 13, p. 184 Bip.

attineo
at-tĭnĕo (adt-, Dietsch, Weissenb.), tĭnui, tentum, 2, v. a. and n. teneo. Act., (so only ante-class. or in the histt.; most freq. in Plaut. and Tac.). To hold to, to bring or hold near: aliquem ante oculos attinere, Plaut. Men. 5, 1, 30. To hold or detain at some point (class. retinere), to hold fast, keep hold of, to hold, keep, detain, hold back, delay: testes vinctos, Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 63; id. Bacch. 2, 2, 3: animum, id. Mil. 4, 8, 17: lectos viros castris attinere, Tac. A. 2, 52; 6, 17: prensam dextram vi attinere, id. ib. 1, 35; 2, 10; 3, 71 fin.: cunctos, qui carcere attinebantur, necari jussit, id. ib. 6, 19; 3, 36 fin.; 12, 68; 13, 15; 13, 27; 15, 57: set ego conperior Bocchum Punicā fide simul Romanum et Numidam spe pacis adtinuisse, detained, amused, Sall. J. 108, 3: ad ea Corbulo satis comperto Vologesen defectione Hyrcaniae attineri, is detained, hindered, Tac. A. 13, 37 fin.; 13, 50; 14, 33; 14, 56 fin.; 16, 19; id. H. 2, 14 fin. To hold possession of, to occupy, keep, guard, preserve: Quamque at tinendi magni dominatūs sient, Ter. Fragm. ap. Cic. Or. 47, 157: ripam Danubii, Tac. A. 4, 5. Neutr. To stretch out to, to reach to: nunc jam cultros attinet, i. e. ad cultros, now he is reaching forth for, Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 17.
Hence, of relations of place, to extend or stretch somewhere: Scythae ad Borysthenem atque inde ad Tanain attinent, Curt. 6, 2, 9. To belong somewhere; only in the third person: hoc (res) attinet (more rare, haec attinent) ad me (less freq. simply me), or absol. hoc attinet, this belongs to me, concerns me, pertains or appertains to me, relates or refers to me; cf. Rudd. II. p. 209; Roby, § 1534 (the most usu. class. signif. of the word). Attinet (attinent) ad aliquem: negotium hoc ad me attinet, Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 51: num quidnam ad filium haec aegritudo attinet? id. ib. 5, 1, 24: nunc quam ad rem dicam hoc attinere somnium, id. Rud. 3, 1, 19; id. Most. 1, 3, 4: Quid istuc ad me attinet? id. Poen. 3, 3, 24: Quid id ad me attinet? id. Trin. 4, 2, 136, and id. ib. 4, 3, 58: quod quidem ad nos duas attinuit, id. Poen. 5, 4, 9 et saep.: comperiebam nihil ad Pamphilum quicquam attinere, Ter. And. 1, 1, 64; 1, 2, 16: Scin tu ... ad te attinere hanc Omnem rem? id. Eun. 4, 6, 6; id. Ad. 1, 2, 54; 2, 1, 32; 3, 1, 9; id. Phorm. 3, 1, 17: nunc nil ad nos de nobis attinet, Lucr. 3, 852; 4, 30: vobis alio loco, ut se tota res habeat, quod ad eam civitatem attinet, demonstrabitur, in respect to that city, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 5: quod ad me attinet, id. ad Q. Fr. 2, 1; so id. Att. 5, 17; id. Fam. 1, 2 al.: quod ad provincias attineret, Liv. 42, 10; 23, 26 al.: tamquam ad rem attineat quicquam, Hor. S. 2, 2, 27 al.: sed quid istae picturae ad me attinent? Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 36: Do. Hae quid ad me? Tox. Immo ad te attinent: et tuā refert, id. Pers. 4, 3, 27: tantumne ab re tuast oti tibi, Aliena ut cures eaque nil quae ad te attinent? Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 24: cetera quae ad colendam vitem attinebunt, Cic. Fin. 4, 14, 38.
And with nunc = ad hoc tempus (eccl. Lat.): Quod nunc attinet, vade, and for this time (Gr. τὸ νῦν ἔχον), Vulg. Act. 24, 25. Attinet (attinent) aliquem: neque quemquam attinebat id recusare, Cic. Quinct. 19: de magnitudine vocis nihil nos attinet commonere, Auct. ad Her. 3, 11, 20: in his, quae custodiam religionis attinent, Val. Max. 1, 1, n. 14. Hoc attinet (haec attinent), and more freq. attinet with an inf. as subject (act. and pass.), it concerns, it matters, is of moment, is of consequence, is of importance: ea conquisiverunt, quae nihil attinebant, Auct. ad Her. 1, 1, 1: nec patitur Scythas ... Parthum dicere, nec quae nihil attinent, Hor. C. 1, 19, 12: de quo quid sentiam, nihil attinet dicere, Cic. Fam. 4, 7, 3: nihil enim attinet quemquam nominari, id. Leg. 2, 17, 42: quia nec eosdem nominari adtinebat, Liv. 23, 3, 13: nec adtinuisse demi securim, cum sine provocatione creati essent, interpretabantur, id. 3, 36; 2, 41; 6, 23; 6, 38; 34, 3; 36, 11; 37, 15: Quid attinet tot ora navium gravi Rostrata duci etc., Hor. Epod. 4, 17 al.
And in pregn. signif., it is serviceable, useful, or avails for, etc.: quid attinuit cum iis, quibuscum re concinebat, verbis discrepare? Cic. Fin. 4, 22, 60: eā re non venit, quia nihil attinuit, id. Att. 12, 18: nec victoribus mitti adtinere puto, Liv. 23, 13: sin (frumenta) protinus usui destinantur, nihil attinet repoliri, Col. 2, 21, 6.

attingo
at-tingo (not adt-), tĭgi, tactum, 3, v. a. tango (ante-class. form attĭgo, ĕre, v. infra; attinge = attingam, acc. to Paul. ex Fest. p. 26 Müll.; v. Müll. ad h. l.; concerning attigo, āre, v. fin.), to touch, come in contact with; constr. with the acc.; poet. with ad. Lit. In gen.: mento summam aquam, vet. poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 5, 10: vestem, Att. ap. Non. p. 75, 32: Egone Argivum imperium attingam, id. Trag. Rel. p. 166 Rib.: suaviter (omnia) attingunt, Lucr. 4, 623: nec enim ullum hoc frigidius flumen attigi, Cic. Leg. 2, 3, 6: prius quam aries murum attigisset, Caes. B. G. 2, 32: pedibus terram, Nep. Eum. 5, 5: quisquis (vas) attigerit, Vulg. Lev. 15, 23: nos nihil tuorum attigimus, id. Gen. 26, 29: (medicus) pulsum venarum attigit, Tac. A. 6, 50: se esse possessorem soli, quod primum Divus Augustus nascens attigisset, Suet. Aug. 5 (cf. Ov. Tr. 4, 3, 46: Tactaque nascenti corpus haberet humus, acc. to the practice of laying new-born children upon the ground; v. tollo).
Poet.: (Callisto) miles erat Phoebes, nec Maenalon attigit (nor did there touch, set foot on) ulla Gratior hac Triviae, Ov. M. 2, 415: usque ad caelum attingebat stans in terrā, Vulg. Sap. 18, 16. With partic. access. ideas. To touch by striking, to strike; rarely in a hostile manner, to attack, assault: ne me attingas, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 106; ne attigas me, id. Truc. 2, 2, 21: ne attigas puerum istac caussā, id. Bacch. 3, 3, 41 (quoted by Non. p. 75, 33): Si tu illam attigeris secus quam dignumst liberam, Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 91.
Of lightning: ICTV. FVLMINIS. ARBORES. ATTACTAE. ARDVERINT., Fragm. Fratr. Arval. Inscr. Orell. 961; cf. Fest. s. v. scribonianum, p. 333 Müll., and s. v. obstitum, p. 193: si Vestinus attingeretur, i. e. ei bellum indiceretur, Liv. 8, 29; so Suet. Ner. 38. In mal. part., aliquam, to touch: virginem, Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 61; Cat. 67, 20. To touch in eating, to taste, crop: nulla neque amnem Libavit quadrupes, nec graminis attigit herbam, Verg. E. 5, 26. Of local relations, to come to a place, to approach, reach, arrive at (class.; esp. freq. in the histt.): aedīs ne attigatis, Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 37: ut primum Asiam attigisti, Cic. ad Q. Fr. 1, 1, 8: cum primis navibus Britanniam attigit, Caes. B. G. 4, 23: Siciliam, Nep. Dion, 5, 3: Syriam ac legiones, Tac. A. 2, 55: saltuosos locos, id. ib. 4, 45: Urbem, id. Or. 7 fin.: In paucis diebus quam Capreus attigit etc., Suet. Tib. 60; id. Calig. 44; id. Vesp. 4 al. Transf., to touch, lie near, border upon, be contiguous to: Theseus ... Attigit injusti regis Gortynia tecta, Cat. 64, 75: Cappadociae regio, quae Ciliciam attingeret, Cic. Fam. 15, 4, 4; id. Pis. 16 fin.: (stomachus) utrāque ex parte tonsillas attingens, etc., id. N. D. 2, 54, 135: eorum fines Nervii attingebant, Caes. B. G. 2, 15: ITEM. COLLEGIA. QVAE. ATTINGVNT. EIDEM. FORO, Inscr. Orell. 3314: attingere parietem, Vulg. Ezech. 41, 6. Trop. In gen., to touch, affect, reach: nec desiderium nos attigit, Lucr. 3, 922 (adficit, Lachm.): ante quam voluptas aut dolor attigerit, Cic. Fin. 3, 5, 16: nimirum me alia quoque causa delectat, quae te non attingit, id. Leg. 2, 1, 3: quo studio providit, ne qua me illius temporis invidia attingeret, id. Fam. 3, 10, 10: si qua de Pompeio nostro tuendo ... cura te attingit, id. Att. 9, 11, A: erant perpauci, quos ea infamia attingeret, Liv 27, 11, 6: cupidus attingere gaudia, to feel, Prop. 1, 19, 9: vox, sonus, attigit aures, Val. Fl. 2, 452; Claud. B. Get: 412; Manil. 1, 326. Esp. To touch upon in speaking, etc., to mention slightly: paucis rem, Plaut. Truc. 4, 4, 11: summatim attingere, Lucr. 3, 261: ut meos quoque attingam, Cat. 39, 13: quod perquam breviter perstrinxi atque attigi, Cic. de Or. 2, 49, 201; id. Fam. 2, 4 fin.: si tantummodo summas attigero, Nep. Pelop. 1, 1: invitus ea, tamquam vulnera, attingo, sed nisi tacta tractataque sanari non possunt, Liv. 28, 27: ut seditionem attigit, Tac. A. 1, 35: familiae (Galbae) breviter attingam, Suet. Galb. 3 al. To touch, i. e. to undertake, enter upon some course of action (esp. mental), to apply one's self to, be occupied with, engage in, to take in hand, manage: quae isti rhetores ne primoribus quidem labris attigissent, Cic. de Or. 1, 19, 87; cf. id. Cael. 12; id. Arch. 8: egomet, qui sero ac leviter Graecas litteras attigissem, id. de Or. 1, 18, 82: orationes, id. Or. 13, 41: poëticen, Nep. Att. 18, 5; so Suet. Aug. 85: liberales disciplinas omnes, id. Ner. 52: studia, id. Gram. 9: ut primum forum attigi, i. e. accessi, adii, applied myself to public affairs, Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 3: arma, Liv. 3, 19: militiam resque bellicas, Suet. Calig. 43: curam rei publicae, id. Tib. 13: ad Venerem seram, Ov. A. A. 2, 701. (Acc. to I. B. 4.) To arrive somewhere: quod ab illo attigisset nuntius, Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 19 (cf. id. ib. 3, 5, 3: si a me tetigit nuntius). (Acc. to I. B. 5.) To come near to in quality, to be similar; or to belong to, appertain to, to concern, relate to: quae nihil attingunt ad rem nec sunt usui, Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 32: haec quemque attigit, id. ib. 1, 1, 20: attingit animi naturam corporis similitudo, Cic. Tusc. 4, 13, 30; id. Fam. 13, 7, 4; id. ad Q. Fr. 1, 1, 1: quae non magis legis nomen attingunt, quam si latrones aliqua sanxerint, id. Leg. 2, 5: Segestana, Centuripina civitas, quae cum officiis, fide, vetustate, tum etiam cognatione populi Romani nomen attingunt, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 32: (labor) non attingit deum, id. N. D. 1, 9, 22: primus ille (locus), qui in veri cognitione consistit, maxime naturam attingit humanam, id. Off. 1, 6, 18; id. Tusc. 5, 33, 93; id. Fin. 5, 9. Si quid eam humanitus attigisset (for the usu. euphemism, accidisset), if any misfortune had happened to her, App. Mag. p. 337.!*? Ne me attiga atque aufer manum, Turp. ap. Non. p. 75, 30 dub. (Rib. here reads attigas, Com. Rel. p. 98): custodite istunc, ne attigat, Pac., Trag. Rel. p. 105 Rib.

attollo
at-tollo (attolo, arch.), no perf. or sup., 3, v. a., to lift or raise up, raise, elevate, lift on high (in the poets and postAug. prose writers very frequent, but not in Cic.; syn.: tollo, erigo). Lit.: super limen pedes attollere, Plaut. Cas. 4, 4, 1: signa, id. ib. 2, 6, 5: pallium attollere, i. e. accingere (v. accingo), * Ter. Eun. 4, 6, 31: illum (regem) omnes apes ... saepe attollunt umeris, Verg. G. 4, 217: Nec semel irrisus triviis attollere curat Fracto crure planum, to raise up the juggler, to help him up, * Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 58 Schmid: parvumque attollite natum, lift up, Ov. M. 9, 387: caput, id. ib. 5, 503: oculos humo, id. ib. 2, 448: Et contra magnum potes hos (oculos) attollere solem, Prop. 1, 15, 37: Sed non attollere contra Sustinet haec oculos, Ov. M. 6, 605: Attollens Joseph oculos vidit etc., Vulg. Gen. 43, 29: timidum lumen ad lumina, Ov. M. 10, 293: vultus jacentes, id. ib. 4, 144: corpus ulnis, id. ib. 7, 847: manus ad caelum, Liv. 10, 36: cornua e mari, Plin. 9, 27, 43, § 82: attollite portas, principes, Vulg. Psa. 23, 7; 23, 9: mare ventis, Tac. Agr. 10; cf.: Euphratem attolli, swollen, id. A. 6, 37: se in femur, raises himself on his thigh, Verg. A. 10, 856: se in auras, Ov. M. 4, 722: se recto trunco, id. ib. 2, 822: attollentem se ab gravi casu, Liv. 8, 7, 6: a terrā se attollentem, Plin. 21, 11, 36, § 62.
With middle signif.: e mediis hunc (sc. Atlantem) harenis in caelum attolli prodidere, Plin. 5, 1, 1, § 6: attollitur monte Pione, id. 5, 29, 31, § 115.
Of buildings, to raise, erect, build: immensam molem, Verg. A. 2, 185: arcem, id. ib. 3, 134: attollitur opus in altitudinem XXXX. cubitis, Plin. 36, 5, 4, § 30: turres in centenos vicenos[que] attollebantur, Tac. H. 5, 11.
Poet.: cum die stativorum campum alacritate discursu pulvere attolleres, Plin. Pan. 14, 3; cf. Verg. A. 9, 714. Trop., to raise, elevate, exalt, sustain; also, to enlarge, aggrandize, to render prominent or conspicuous, to extol (so esp. freq. in Tac.): Punica se quantis attollet gloria rebus, Verg. A. 4, 49: ultro implacabilis ardet Attollitque animos, id. ib. 12, 4: ad consulatūs spem attollere animos, Liv. 22, 26: rectos ac vividos animos non ut alii contundis ac deprimis, sed foves et attollis, Plin. Pan. 44, 6: Frangit et attollit vires in milite causa, Prop. 5, 6, 51: attollique suum laetis ad sidera nomen vocibus, Luc. 7, 11: quanto Ciceronis studio Brutus Cassiusque attollerentur, were distinguished, Vell. 2, 65 Ruhnk. (cf. Cic. Phil. 11, 14: animadverti dici jam a quibusdam exornari etiam nimium a me Brutum, nimium Cassium ornari); so, insignibus triumphi, Tac. A. 3, 72; id. H. 2, 90; 3, 37; 4, 59; id. Agr. 39: res per similitudinem, Quint. 8, 6, 68: his (frons) contrahitur, attollitur (is drawn up or raised), demittitur, id. 11, 3, 78: belloque et armis rem publicam, Tac. H. 4, 52: cuncta in majus attollens, id. A. 15, 30: sua facta, suos casus, id. Agr. 25.
Form attolo, of doubtful meaning: Quis vetat qui ne attolat? Pac., Trag. Rel. p. 82 Rib.: Custodite istunc vos, ne vim qui attolat neve attigat, id. ib. p. 105 (= auferre or afferre, Non.).

attondeo
at-tondĕo (better than adt-), tondi, tonsum, 2, v. a. (perf. redupl. sync. attodisse = attotondisse or attondisse, Verg. Cat. 8, 9: * attondi = attonderi, Veg. Art. Vet. 2, 28, 36), to shave, shear, clip, crop (rare, and mostly poet.; syn.: tondeo, carpo, puto): rusticus Saturni dente relictam Persequitur vitem attondens, pruning, he cuts off the vine around, Verg. G. 2, 407: caput attonsum, Cels. 4, 3; and Vulg. Ezech. 44, 20: comam, ib. Lev. 19, 27; so, ad cutem, Scrib. Comp. 10.
Poet., to gnaw at, nibble: tenera attondent virgulta capellae, Verg. E. 10, 7: attonsa arva, i. e. fed down, Luc. 6, 84: prata, Aus. Mos. 203.
Trop.: consiliis nostris laus est attonsa Laconum, shorn, i. e. diminished, lessened, vet. poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 5, 17, 49 (as transl. of the Gr. Ἡμετέραις βουλαῖς Σπάρτη μὲν ἐκείρατο δόξαν, Plut. 2, p. 1098): sic quoque attondentur, cut off, Vulg. Nahum, 1, 12: attondere aliquem, i. e. to cheat, fleece (cf. admutilo), Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 18; and in a pun: attonsae quidem ambae usque sunt (oves), id. Bacch. 5, 2, 7; 5, 1, 9: metuo, si senex resciverit, Ne ulmos parasitos faciat, quae usque attondeant, rough-hew me, id. Ep. 2, 3, 6 (cf. Horace's fuste dolat, S. 1, 5, 23).

attono
at-tŏno (better than adt-), ŭi, ĭtum, 1, v. a., to thunder at; hence, to stun, stupefy (a poet. word of the Aug. per.; most frequent as P. a.; syn.: percello, perturbo, terreo): altitudo attonat, Maecen. ap. Sen. Ep. 19: quis furor vestras attonuit mentes! Ov. M. 3, 532; id. H. 4, 50.
Hence, attŏnĭtus (adt-), a, um, P. a., thundered at; hence trop. as in Gr. ἐμβροντηθείς, ἐμβρόντητος. Thunderstruck, stunned, terrified, stupefied, astonished, amazed, confounded: attonitus est stupefactus. Nam proprie attonitus dicitur, cui casus vicini fulminis et sonitus tonitruum dant stuporem, Serv. ad Verg. A. 3, 172: quo fragore edito concidunt homines, exanimantur, quidam vero vivi stupent, et in totum sibi excidunt, quos vocamus attonitos, quorum mentes sonus ille caelestis loco pepulit, Sen. Q. N. 2, 27: aures, Curt. 8, 4, 2; Petr. 101: talibus attonitus visis ac voce deorum, Verg. A. 3, 172: attonitus tanto miserarum turbine rerum, Ov. M. 7, 614; 4, 802; 8, 777; 9, 409 and 574; 11, 127; 8, 681 al.: alii novitate ac miraculo attoniti, Liv 1, 47; 2, 12; 5, 46; 3, 68 fin.; 7, 36; 30, 30; 39, 15; 44, 10: subitae rei miraculo attoniti, Tac. H. 4, 49; so id. ib. 2, 42; 3, 13.
With de: mentis de lodice parandā Attonitae, crazed, bewildered about getting a bed-blanket, Juv. 7, 67.
Also without an abl.: Attonitae manibusque uterum celare volenti, Ov M. 2, 463: mater ... Attonitae diu similis fuit, id. ib. 5, 510; 6, 600; 12, 498: ut integris corporibus attoniti conciderent, Liv. 10, 29: attoniti vultus, Tac. H. 1, 40: circumspectare inter se attoniti, id. ib. 2, 29: attonitis etiam victoribus, id. ib. 4, 72: attonitā magis quam quietā contione, id. A. 1, 39: attonitis jam omnibus, Suet. Caes. 28; id. Claud. 38; id. Dom. 17: attonitos habes oculos, Vulg. Job, 15, 12; ib. Prov 16, 30.
Poet., with gen.: attonitus serpentis equus, Sil. 6, 231.
Also poet. transf. to inanimate things: neque enim ante dehiscent Attonitae magna ora domūs, Verg. A. 6, 53 (but acc. to Serv. in an act. sense, syn. with attonitos facientes, stupendae, stunning, terrifying, as pallida senectus, etc.): mensa, Val. Fl. 1, 45: arces, Sil. 4, 7 Drak.: quorundam persuasiones, Plin. 29, 1, 8, § 28. Seized with inspiration, smitten with prophetic fury, inspired, frantic: attonitae Baccho matres, Verg. A. 7, 580: Bacchus attonitae tribuit vexilla catervae, Stat. S. 5, 1, 116: Vates, * Hor. C. 3, 19, 14.
* Adv.: attŏnĭtē, frantically, etc.: Britannia hodieque eum attonite celebrat etc., Plin. 30, 1, 4, § 13 (Jan, attonita).

attraho
at-trăho, traxi, tractum, 3, v. a., to draw to or toward, to attract, drag with force, draw (rare but class.; syn.: traho, duco, adduco). Lit.: adducitur a Veneriis atque adeo attrahitur Lollius, is dragged by force, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 25: te ipsum putare me attractum iri, si de pace agatur, id. Att. 10, 1, 3: aliquem Romam, id. Fam. 7, 10 fin.: tribunos attrahi ad se jussit, Liv. 29, 9 fin.: uncus alae iniciendus paulatimque attrahendus est, Cels. 7, 29: magnes attrahens ferrum, Plin. 36, 16, 25, § 128: pulmo attrahens ac reddens animam, id. 11, 37, 72, § 188; so, spiritum attrahere, Vulg. Psa. 118, 131: vultus tuus colligit rugas et attrahit frontem, contracts, Sen. Ben. 6, 7 al.: quae causa attraxerit Arpos, Verg. A. 11, 250: sed quos fugit, attrahit unā, Ov. M. 14, 63: ducem Attrahite huc vinctum, id. ib. 3, 563: arcus, id. R. Am. 435: amnes attrahere auxilio sitientibus hortis, Col. 10, 24: attraxit eum in siccum, Vulg. Tob. 6, 4; ib. Ezech. 32, 20: jugum attrahere, to draw, bear, ib. Eccli. 28, 23. Trop., to draw, lead, bring, move, attract, etc.: nihil esse quod ad se rem ullam tam inliciat et tam attrahat quam ad amicitiam similitudo, Cic. Lael. 14, 50: recepi causam Siciliae; ea me ad hoc negotium provincia attraxit, prompted, moved, incited, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 1: quandoquidem in partes, ait, attrahor, I am drawn by force to take sides, Ov. M. 5, 93 (Merk., abstrahor): discipulos, id. F. 3, 830: ideo attraxi te miserans, Vulg. Jer. 31, 3.
Hence, * attractus, a, um, P. a., drawn or attracted; of the brow, contracted, knit: frons attractior, Sen. Ben. 4, 31.

attrectatio
attrectātĭo (adt-), ōnis, f. attrecto. A touching, handling (post-Aug.), Gell. 11, 18, 23: boves frequenti manūs attrectatione mansuescere, Pall. Mart. 12, 1 al. In gram., a term applied to words which denote a taking of many things together; as, fasceatim, Quint. 1, 4, 20.

attrecto
at-trecto (adt-, Weissenb., Halm; att-, Ritschl, Rib., Kayser), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. tracto, to touch, handle, freq. in an unlawful manner (syn.: contrecto, tracto, tango, palpo). Lit.: Ne me attrecta, Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 45: aliquem nimium familiariter attr ectare, id. Rud. 2, 4, 6: uxorem alicujus attrectare, Cic. Cael. 8 fin.; Suet. Ner. 26 (cf. contrecto): signum Junonis adtrecta re, Liv. 5, 22: patrios penates attrectare, Verg. A. 2, 719: feralia adtrectare, Tac. A. 1, 62 fin.: libros contaminatis manibus, Cic. Har. Resp. 13: alienam rem, Sabin. Jus Civ. ap. Gell. 11, 16, 20: si attrectaverit me pater, Vulg. Gen. 27, 12.
To feel after, grope for (eccl. Lat.): quasi absque oculis parietem attrectavimus, Vulg. Isa. 59, 10. Trop.: Facilis est illa occursatio et blanditia popularis; aspicitur, non attrectatur; procul apparet, non excutitur (the figure is derived from paintings or other works of art), it is looked at, not touched, Cic. Planc. 12 Wund.
Also, to appropriate to one's self: regias etiam adtrectamus gazas, Liv. 34, 4, 2: fasces securesque, id. 28, 24: indecorum, adtrectare quod non obtineret, Tac. A. 3, 52.
To feel after, seek to find (eccl. Lat.): quaerere Deum, si forte attrectent eum, Vulg. Act. 17, 27.

attribuo
at-trĭbŭo (adt-, Weissenb., Jan; att-, B. and K., L. Müller), ŭi, ūtum, 3, v. a., to associate, add or join to, to annex, assign, bestow, give (class., but rare in the poets; syn.: tribuo, assigno, do, ascribo, addico). In gen. Lit.: pueros attribue ei, quot et quos videbitur, Cic. Att. 12, 30: video, cui Apulia sit attributa, assigned as a province, id. Cat. 2, 3, 6: insulae Rhodiis attributae, annexed, subjected, id. ad Q. Fr. 1, 1, 11: Camunni finitimis adtributi municipiis, Plin. 3, 20, 24, § 134: equos gladiatoribus, Caes. B. C. 1, 14: quae (juventus) praesidio ejus loci adtributa erat, Liv. 24, 21: pontifici sacra omnia. id. 1, 20: possessionem, Vulg. Num. 36, 12: aliquem, ib. Deut. 29, 26.
Of the assigning of state domains or other possessions belonging to the public treasures: bona oppressorum in Vesvio restitutioni afflictarum civitatium attribuit, Suet. Tit. 8 al.
Hence of appropriations from the exchequer: pecuniam alicui, Cic. Phil. 14, 14, 16: ad aliquam rem pecuniam dare, attribuere, solvere, id. ib. 14, 14 fin.; so Liv 40, 51.
Also of private assignments: Faberius si venerit, videbis, ut tantum attribuatur, quantum debetur, Cic. Att. 13, 2, 1.
Hence also aliquem, to assign, make over to any one: attributos quod appellas, valde probo, i. e. my debtors, to whom I have referred you, Cic. Att. 13, 22. Trop.: timor, quem mihi natura pudorque meus attribuit, Cic. Rosc. Am. 4: Suus cuique attributus est error, Cat. 22, 20: si alicui rei hujus modi, legi, loco, urbi, monumento oratio attribuetur, i. e. if these are represented as speaking, Cic. Inv 1, 52, 100: curam alicujus rei adtribuere, Liv. 26, 49. Esp. To join in addition, to add: non attribuere ad amissionem amicorum miseriam nostram, Cic. Tusc. 3, 30, 73. Aliquid alicui, to attribute or impute to one, to charge with, ascribe to (cf. ascribo): si eruditius videbitur disputare, attribuito Graecis litteris, Cic. Sen. 1, 3: Hoc tu si cupidius factum existimas, Caesari attribues, id. de Or. 2, 3, 14: bonos exitus dis immortalibus, id. N. D. 3, 37, 89: aliis causam calamitatis, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 41. T. t., to lay as a tax or tribute: his rebus omnibus terni in milia aeris adtribuerentur, Liv. 39, 44.
Hence, attrĭbūtus (adt-), a, um, P. a., lit. that is ascribed or attributed to a thing; hence, subst.: attrĭbūtum, i, n. (Acc. to I.) Money assigned from the public treasury, Varr. L. L. 5, § 181 Müll. In gram. lang., a predicate, attribute: Omnes res confirmantur aut ex eo, quod personis, aut ex eo, quod negotiis est attributum, Cic. Inv. 1, 24, 34; 1, 25, 36 sqq.; Gell. 4, 1 fin.

attributio
attrĭbūtĭo (adt-), ōnis, f. attribuo. The assignment of a money-debt (cf. attribuo, I.). Lit.: de attributione conficies, Cic. Fam. 16, 24; id. Att. 15, 13, 5; so id. ib. 16, 1 and 3. Trop.: Graeci Fatum ... Νέμεσιν vocant, quod unicuique attributio sua sit adscripta, i. e. his fate is meted out, App. de Mund. p. 754. In gram., a predicate, attribute, = attributum ex his etiam attributionibus: sacer an profanus, publicus an privatus, etc., Cic. Inv. 1, 26, 38.

Attuarii
Attŭārii, ōrum, m., a German tribe between the Rhine and the Elbe, Vell. 2, 105; Amm. 20, 10 (perh. the Chasuarii of Tacitus, G. 34; cf. Mann. Germ. p. 179, and Rupert. ad Tac. l. c.).

Aturus
Ătū^rus (on account of the length of the u, sometimes written Aturrus; cf. Arabia; once ŭ, Luc. 1, 420), i, m., = Ἀτούριος, a river in Aquitania, now Adour, Aus. Parent. 4, 11; id. Mos. 468; cf. Mann. Gall. p. 116.