as
as, assis, m. (nom. assis, Don. ad Ter. Phorm. 1, 1, 9, and Schol. ad Pers. 2, 59; old form assārĭus, ii, m.; and in the gen. plur. assariūm, Varr. L. L. 8, § 71 Müll.; Charis. p. 58 P.) [εἷς, Dor. αἴς, Tarent. ἄς, Hinter]. In gen., unity, a unit; as a standard for different coins, weight, measure, etc. (in Vitr. 3, 1, p. 61 Rode, perfectus numerus, the perfect number, fundamental number), acc. to the duodecimal system, divided into 12 parts, or uncias, with the following particular designations: uncia = 1s./12 duodecima (sc. pars) sextans = 2/12 = 1s./6 sexta quadrans = 3/12 = 1s./4 quarta, also teruncius or triuncis triens = 4/12 = 1s./3 tertia or quincunx = 5s./12 sextans cum quadrante semissis s. semis = 6/12 = 1s./2 dimidia septunx = 7s./12 quadrans cum triente bessis s. bes = 8/12 = 2/3, for beis s. binae partes assis. dodrans = 9/12 = 3s./4 terni quadrantes dextans s. decunx = 10/12 = 5s./6 quini sextantes deunx = 11s./12 undecim unciaeThe uncia was again divided into smaller parts: semuncia = 1/2 uncia = 1/24 assis. duella = 1/3 uncia = 1/36 assis. sicilicus (-um) = 1/4 uncia = 1/48 assis. sextula = 1/6 uncia = 1/72 assis. drachma = 1/8 uncia = 1/96 assis. hemisecla = 1/12 uncia = 1/144 assis. scripulum = 1/24 uncia = 1/288 assis.The multiples of the as received the following designations: dupondius = 2 asses. tripondius s. tressis = 3 asses. (quadressis) = 4 asses. quinquessis = 5 asses. sexis (only in the connection decussissexis in Vitr. 1. c.) = 6 asses. septissis = 7 asses. octussis = 8 asses. nonussis (novissis?) = 9 asses. decussis = 10 asses. bicessis = 20 asses. tricessis = 30 asses, and so on to centussis = 100 asses. (Cf. Varr. L. L. 5, § 169 sq. Müll.) Esp. As a copper coin, the as was, acc. to the ancient custom of weighing money, originally a pound (asses librales or aes grave), of the value of about 8 8d./89, or 16 2/3 cents, and was uncoined (aes rude) until Servius Tullius stamped it with the figures of animals (hence pecunia, from pecus); cf. Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 9; Plin. 33, 3, 13, § 42 sqq. In the first Punic war, on account of the scarcity of money, the as was reduced to a sixth part of its original weight, i. e. two ounces; hence asses sextantarii (of the value of about 1 103d./297, or 2.8 cents), and the state gained five sixths. In the second Punic war, and the dictatorship of Fabius, the as was again reduced one half, to one ounce; hence asses unciales, about equal to 200d./297, or 1.4 cents. Finally, the Lex Papiria (A.U.C. 563, B.C. 191) reduced the as to half an ounce; hence asses semiunciales = 100d./297, or 7.9 1/3 mills, which continued as a standard even under the emperors. In all these reductions, however, the names of coins remained, independent of the weight of the as: uncia, sextans, quadrans, etc.; cf. Grotef. Gr. II. p. 253 sq.
From the small value of the as after the last reduction, the following phrases arose: quod non opus est, asse carum est, Cato ap. Sen. Ep. 94: Quod (sc. pondus auri) si comminuas, vilem redigatur ad assem, Hor. S. 1, 1, 43: viatica ad assem Perdiderat, to the last farthing, id. Ep. 2, 2, 27: ad assem impendium reddere, Plin. Ep. 1, 15: rumores Omnes unius aestimemus assis, Cat. 5, 3: Non assis facis? id. 42, 13.
Hence, The proverbs, Assem habeas, assem valeas, your worth is estimated by your possessions, Petr. 77, 6: crumena plena assium, Gell. 20, 1. Assem elephanto dare, to give something (as a petition, and the like) with trembling to a superior (a metaphor derived from trained elephants, which, after playing their parts, were accustomed to take pay for themselves, which was given them with fear by the multitude; cf. Plin. 8, 5, 5, § 14), Augustus ap. Quint. 6, 3, 59, and Macr. S. 2, 4; Varr. ap. Non. p. 531, 10 sq. In inheritances and other money matters, where a division was made, the as, with its parts, was used to designate the portions. Thus haeres ex asse, sole heir; haeres ex semisse, he who receives one half of the inheritance; haeres ex dodrante, he who receives three fourths; and so, haeres ex besse, triente, quadrante, sextante, etc.; ex semiunciā, ex sextulā, ex duabus sextulis, etc., Dig. 28, 5, 50; 34, 9, 2; Suet. Caes. 83; Cic. Caecin. 6 et saep.: Nerva constituit, ut tu ex triente socius esses, ego ex besse, Dig. 17, 2, 76: bessem fundi emere ab aliquo, ib. 26, 21, 2, § 39: quadrans et semissis fundi, ib. 6, 1, 8 al.; hence, in assem, in asse, or ex asse, in all, entirely, completely, Dig. 36, 45: vendere fundum in assem, ib. 20, 6, 9; so Col. 3, 3, 8 and 9: in asse, id. 2, 12, 7: sic in asse flunt octo menses et dies decem, id. 2, 12, 7: ex asse aut ex parte possidere, Dig. 2, 8, 15; Sid. Ep. 2, 1; 6, 12; 8, 6 al. As a measure of extent. An acre, acc. to the same divisions as above, from scripulum to the as, Col. 5, 1, 9 sq.: proscindere semissem, iterare assem, Plin. 18, 19, 49, § 178. A foot, Col. 5, 3. Of weight, a pound, acc. to the same division; cf. Fann. Pond. 41: In haec solide sexta face assis eat, Ov. Med. Fac. 60.← Mathematicians (v. Vitr. l. c.) called the number 6 perfectus numerus (since 1 + 2 + 3 = 6), and formed, accordingly, the following terminology: 1 = sextans, as a dice-number . unio. 2 = triens . . . . . . . . . . binio. 3 = semissis . . . . . . . . . . ternio. 4 = bessis (διμοιρος) . . . . . quaternio. 5 = quintarius . . . . . . . quinio. 6 = perfectus numerus . . . . senio. 7 = ἔφεκτος, sex adjecto asse = 6 + 1. 8 = adtertiarius, sex adjectā tertiā = 6 + 2 (ἐπίτριτος). 9 = sesquialter, sex adjectā dimidiā = 6 + 3 (ἡμιόλιος). 10 = bes alter, sex duabus partibus additis = 6 + 4 (ἐπιδίμοιρος). 11 = adquintarius, sex quinque partibus additis = 6 + 5 (ἐπιπεντάμοιρος). 12 = duplio (διπλασίων).

asarum
ăsărum, i, n., = ἄσαρον, hazelwort, wild - spikenard: Asarum Europaeum, Linn.; Plin. 12, 13, 27, § 47.

asbestinum
asbestĭnum, i, n. (sc. linum), = ἀσβέστινον, a kind of incombustible cloth, Plin. 19, 1, 4, § 19 sqq. (written by Jan as Greek).

asbestos
asbestŏs, i, m. (sc. lapis), = ἄσβεστος (incombustible), a stone of an iron-gray color, found in Arcadia, differing from the common asbestos, perh. amiantus, Plin. 37, 10, 54, § 146.

Asbolus
Asbŏlus, i, m. ἀσβόλη, soot, a black, shaggy dog of Actœon, Ov. M. 3, 218.

ascalabotes
ascălăbōtes, ae, m., = ἀσκαλαβώτης, a kind of lizard, in pure Lat., stellio: Lacerta gecko, Linn.; Plin. 29, 4, 28, § 90.

Ascalaphus
Ascălăphus, i, m., = Ἀσκάλαφος, a son of Acheron and Orphne, who made known to Pluto that Proserpine had eaten seven kernels of a pomegranate, on account of which he was changed by her into an illboding owl (bubo), Ov. M. 5, 539 sq.; cf. Serv. ad Verg. A. 4, 462.

ascalia
ascălĭa, ae, f., = ἀσκαλία, the edible part of the artichoke, Plin. 21, 16, 57, § 97.

Ascalo
Ascălo, ōnis, f., = Ἀσκάλων, an important trading town in the southern part of Palestine, between Gaza and Azotus upon the sea, now Ascalon, Mel. 1, 11, 3; Plin. 5, 13, 14, § 68; cf. Mann. Palaest. 202.
Hence, adj.: Ascălōnĭus, a, um, of Ascalon: caepa, a shallot, Col. 11, 3, 57; 12, 10, 1; Plin. 19, 6, 32, § 101 sqq.

Ascanius
Ascănĭus, a, um, adj., = Ἀσκάνιος, Ascanian: lacus, in Bithynia, near Nicœa, Plin. 5, 32, 43, § 148: portus, in Troas, id. 5, 30, 32, § 121: insulae, in the Ægean Sea, over against Troas, id. 5, 31, 38, § 138.

Ascanius
Ascănĭus, ii, m., = Ἀσκάνιος, son of Æneas and Creüsa, king of Lavinium, and founder of Alba Longa, Verg. A. 1, 271; Liv. 1, 3; cf. Wagner ad Verg. A. l. c., and id. Exc. ad Aen. 2, n. XVII. p. 438.

ascaules
ascaules, is, m., = ἀσκαύλης, a bagpiper, Mart. 10, 3, 8 (called in Suet. Ner. 54 by the pure Lat. word, utricularius).

ascendo
a-scendo (ads-, Jan; ads- and as-, Müller; as-, other editors), scendi, scensum, 3, v. n. scando, to ascend, mount up, climb; and in eccl. Lat. simply to go up, to rise, to spring up, grow up (syn.: scando, conscendo, orior, surgo, prodeo). Lit. (opp. descendo; and diff. from escendo, which designates a climbing, mounting upon some high object, and involves the idea of exertion; cf. Oud. ad Caes. B. G. 7, 27; Suet. Caes. 61; Ochsn. Ecl. pp. 287 and 288; Doed. Syn. IV. pp. 60 and 61; it often interchanges with escendere in MSS.; cf. e. g. Halm ad Nep. Epam. 4, 5; id. Them. 8, 6, and v. examples below; class.; in Cic. and in Vulg. very freq.), constr. most freq. with in, but also with ad with super, supra, contra, adversus, with acc., and absol. (in Cic. in the lit. signif., except once with the acc., always with in with acc.; but in the trop. signif. in all constrr.). With in with acc.: in navem ascendere, Plaut. Rud. 2, 2, 20; 2, 6, 54 Fleck.: ascendere in naviculam, Vulg. Matt. 8, 23: in triremem ascendit, Nep. Alcib. 4, 3 (in id. Epam. 4, 5, and Them. 8, 6 Halm now reads escendere): in arborem ascendere, Vulg. Luc. 19, 4: ut in Amanum (urbem) ascenderem, Cic. Fam. 15, 4, 8: ascende in oppidum, Vulg. Jos. 8, 1: lex peregrinum vetat in murum ascendere, Cic. de Or. 2, 24, 100: in equum, id. Sen. 10, 34: in caelum, id. Am. 23, 88; so id. Tusc. 1, 29, 71 (B. and K., escendere); id. Dom. 28, 75; id. Mil. 35, 97 (cf. id. Leg. 2, 8: ascensus in caelum): inque plagas caeli, Ov. M. 11, 518: cavete, ne ascendatis in montem, Vulg. Exod. 19, 12; 24, 13; ib. Matt. 5, 1; ib. Marc. 3, 13: in tribunal ascendere, Cic. Vatin. 14, 34 (B. and K., escendere); so Liv. 2, 28 Drak. (Weissenb., escendere): in contionem, Cic. Att. 4, 2, 3 (B. and K., escendit); so Liv. 3, 49; 5, 50 (Weissenb., escendere, in both these pass.): in Capitolium ascendere, id. 10, 7: sin vestram ascendisset in urbem, Verg. A. 2, 192. With ad. ad Gitanas Epiri oppidum, Liv. 42, 38: ad laevam paulatim, Sall. C. 55, 3. With acc. or loc. adv.: navem ascendit, Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 69; Phaedr. 4, 22, 9; Vulg. Marc. 4, 1; ib. Luc. 8, 37: ascendit classem, Tac. A. 2, 75: montīs cum ascendimus altos, Lucr. 6, 469: montem, Juv. 1, 82, and Vulg. Psa. 103, 8; cf.: summum jugum montis ascendere, Caes. B. G. 1, 21: fastigia montis anheli, Claud. Rapt. Pros. 3, 383: altitudinem montium, Vulg. Isa. 37, 24: currus, Lucr. 5, 1301 (Lachm., escendere); so Vulg. 3 Reg. 12, 13: adversam ripam, Cic. Div. 1, 28, 58: murum, Caes. B. G. 7, 27; so Verg. A. 9, 507, and Vulg. Jer. 5, 10: equum, Liv. 23, 14; so Suet. Caes. 61, and Vulg. Psa. 75, 7: ascendit Capitolium ad lumina, Suet. Caes. 37: deus adscensurus, Olympum, Tib. 4, 1, 12: magnum iter ascendo, Prop. 4, 10, 3: illuc solita est ascendere filia Nisi, Ov. M. 8, 17; 11, 394: quo simul ascendit, id. ib. 7, 220.
Also pass.: si mons erat ascendendus, Caes. B. C. 1, 79: primus gradus ascendatur, Vitr. 3, 3: porticus adscenduntur nonagenis gradibus, Plin. 36, 13, 19, § 88 (Jan, descenduntur): ascenso simul curru, Suet. Tib. 2 fin.: ne ascensis tanti sit gloria Bactris, Prop 4, 3, 63. Absol., of persons ex locis superioribus desuper suos ascendentes protegebant, Caes. B. C. 1, 79: quā fefellerat ascendens hostis, Liv. 5, 47: Ascendit ergo Abram de Aegypto, Vulg. Gen. 13, 1; 19, 30: Ascende huc, ib. Apoc. 4, 1; 12, 12.
Of things: fons ascendebat de terrā, Vulg. Gen. 2, 6: sicut ascendit mare fluctu, ib. Ezech. 26, 3: jam ascendit aurora, ib. Gen. 32, 26' ascendit ignis de petrā, ib. Jud. 6, 21: ascendet fumus ejus, ib. Isa. 34, 10; ib. Apoc. 8, 4: vidit ascendentem favillam de terrā, ib. Gen. 19, 28: ascendet sicut virgultum, ib. Isa. 53, 2; 5, 6: germen eorum, ut pulvis, ascendet, ib. ib. 5, 24.
Also, after the Greek, to go aboard ship, to go out to sea (eccl. Lat.): ascendentes navigavimus, ἐπιβάντες, Vulg. Act. 21, 2: Et ascenderunt, ἀνήχθησαν, ib. Luc. 8, 22. Trop. Constr in like manner, With in with acc.: in summum locum civitatis ascendere, Cic. Clu. 55: propter quem (ornatum) ascendit in tantum honorem eloquentia, has grown into such reputation, id. Or. 36, 125: ira ascendit in Israel, Vulg. Psa. 77, 21: Quid cogitationes ascendunt in corda vestra? ib. Luc. 24, 38; ib. Act. 7, 23. With ad: sic a principiis ascendit motus et exit paulatim nostros ad sensus, Lucr. 2, 137: aut a minoribus ad majora ascendimus aut a majoribus ad minora delabimur, Cic. Part. Or. 4, 12: propius ad magnitudinem alicujus, Plin. Pan. 61, 2: ad honores, Cic. Brut. 68, 241: ad hunc gradum amicitiae, Curt. 7, 1, 14. With super with acc.: ira Dei ascendit super eos, Vulg. Psa. 77, 31: ascendent sermones super cor tuum, ib. Ezech. 38, 10. With acc.: ex honoribus continuis familiae unum gradum dignitatis ascendere, Cic. Mur. 27: altiorem gradum, id. Off. 2, 18, 62: cum, quem tenebat, ascenderat gradum, Nep. Phoc. 2, 3: altissimum (gradum), Plin. Ep. 3, 2, 4.
Poet.: ascendere thalamum, i. e. matrimonium contrahere, Val. Fl. 6, 45.
(ε) Absol.: ad summam amplitudinem pervenisset, ascendens gradibus magistratuum, Cic. Brut. 81, 281; Plin. Pan. 58, 3: altius ascendere, Brut. ap. Cic. Ep. ad Brut. 1, 4: gradatim ascendit vox, rises, Cic. de Or. 3, 61, 227: usque ad nos contemptus Samnitium pervenit, supra non ascendit, i. e. alios non tetigit, Liv. 7, 30: donec ascenderit furor Domini, Vulg. 2 Par. 36, 16: ascendet indignatio mea, ib. Ezech. 38, 18. Esp., super, supra aliquem or aliquid ascendere, to rise above any person or thing, to surpass, to stand higher (twice in Tacitus): (liberti) super ingenuos et super nobiles ascendunt, Tac. G. 25: mihi supra tribunatus et praeturas et consulatus ascendere videor, id. Or. 7.
Hence, ascen-dens (ads-), entis, P. a. * Machina, a machine for ascending, a scaling-ladder, Vitr. 10, 19. In the jurists, ascendentes are the kindred in an ascending line, ancestors (parents, grandparents, etc.; opp. descendentes, descendants, children, grandchildren, etc.), Dig. 23, 2, 68.

ascensibilis
ascensĭbĭlis (ads-), e, adj. ascendo, that may be ascended or climbed: iter, Cael. Aur. Tard. 3, 1.

ascensio
ascensĭo (ads-), ōnis, f. id., an ascending, ascent (more rare than ascensus). Lit.: ad hirundininum nidum ascensionem ut faceret, Plaut. Rud. 3, 1, 7: graduum, Vitr. 9, 1, p. 208 Rode: via ascensionis, Vulg. 1 Par. 26, 16: dies ascensionis suae de terrā Aegypti, ib. Osee, 2, 15. Trop.: quorum (oratorum) quae fuerit ascensio et quam in omnibus rebus difficilis optimi perfectio, etc., a rising, soaring, * Cic. Brut. 36, 137: ascensiones in corde suo disposuit, Vulg. Psa. 83, 6. Meton., means of ascent: aedificat in caelo ascensionem, Vulg Amos, 9, 6.

ascensor
ascensor (ads-), ōris, m. id., one that ascends (eccl. Lat.). In gen.: montis Dominici, Hier. in Rufin. 1: caeli, Vulg. Deut. 33, 26. Esp., one that mounts a horse, chariot, etc., a rider, charioteer: ut cadat ascensor ejus (equi) retro, Vulg. Gen. 49, 17: ascensor equi, ib. Amos, 2, 15: equum et ascensorem dejecit, ib. Exod. 15, 1; ib Job, 39, 18.
So absol.: ascensores (sc. equorum), Vulg. 4 Reg. 18, 23; so, asini ascensor, ib. Isa. 21, 7; cameli, ib. ib.' collidam in te currum et ascensorem ejus, ib. Jer. 21, 51. subvertam quadrigam et ascensorem ejus, ib. Agg. 2, 23.

ascia
ascĭa, ae, f. kindred with ἀξίνη, an axe, an axe for hewing wood, a carpenter's axe (syn.: securis, bipennis, ferrum). Lit.: rogum asciā ne polito, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Cic Leg 2, 23; Plin. 7, 56, 57, § 198: tilia ascias retundit, id 16, 40, 76, § 207: in securi et asciā aliquid deicere, Vulg. Psa. 73, 6: lignum de saltu praecidit opus manūs artificis in asciā, ib. Jer. 10, 3.
Prov.. asciam sibi in crus impingere or illidere, to cut one's own legs, Petr 74, 16; cf. App. M. 3, p. 139, 6. Transf. A mattock, a hoel asciae in aversā parte referentes rastros, Pall. 1, 43, 3 A mason's trowel, Vitr. 7, 2; Pall. 1, 14; upon monuments such a trowel is found pictured, and in the inscription the expression SVB ASCIA or AD ASCIAM DEDICATVM, i. e. consecrated while yet under the trowel (prob this was done in order to protect the empty sepulchre from injury), Inscr Orell. 249, 4464; 4465; 4466; 4467: PATER ET MATER FILIO DVLCISSIMO AD ASCIAM DEDICATVM POSVERVNT, ib. 4468.

Asciburgium
Ascĭburgĭum, ii, n., an ancient town in Gallia Belgica, on the Rhine, now Asburg (but acc. to Mann Gall. 250, now Essenberg; opp. Duisburg), Tac. G 3; id. H. 4, 33.

ascio
ascĭo, āre, v. a. ascia, II. B., to work or prepare with a trowel: calcem, Vitr. 7, 2.

ascio
a -scĭo (adsc-, Rib., Halm), īvi (never ii), 4, v. a., like adopto, arrogo, etc., transf. from the sphere of civil law to common life, to receive, admit (like scio in this signif., very rare, perh. only in Verg. and Tac.; cf. ascisco): si socios sum adscire paratus, Verg. A. 12, 38: generum, id. ib. 11, 472: adsciri per adoptionem, Tac. A. 1, 3: sibi Tiberium adscivit, id. ib. 4, 57: adsciri in societatem Germanos, id. H. 4, 24: adsciri inter comites, id. ib. 4, 80: milites adscire, id. Agr. 19.

ascisco
a -scisco (adsc-, Lachm., Baiter, Dietsch, Weissenb., K. and H., Halm in Tac.; asc-, Merk., Kayser, Rib., Halm in Nep.), īvi (in ante-class. and class. Lat. never ii), ītum, 3, v. a. Lit., to take or receive a thing with knowledge (and approbation), to approve, receive as true: cum jussisset populus Romanus aliquid, si id ascivissent socii populi ac Latini, etc., Cic. Balb. 8, 20: quas (leges) Latini voluerunt, asciverunt, id. ib. 8, 20, § 21: quibus (scitis) adscitis susceptisque, id. Leg. 2, 5: tu vero ista ne adsciveris neve fueris commenticiis rebus assensus, id. Ac. 2, 40, 125: ne labar ad opinionem, et aliquid adsciscam et comprobem incognitum, id. ib. 2, 45, 138. Of persons, to receive or admit one in some capacity (as citizen, ally, son, etc.): dominos acrīs adsciscunt, Lucr. 5, 87; 6, 63: perficiam ut hunc A. Licinium non modo non segregandum, cum sit civis, a numero civium, verum etiam, si non esset, putetis asciscendum fuisse, Cic. Arch. 2 fin.; cf. id. Balb. 13: [aliā (civitate) ascitā], Nep. Att. 3, 1 Halm: Numam Pompilium ... regem alienigenam sibi ipse populus adscivit eumque ad regnandum Romam Curibus adscivit, Cic. Rep. 2, 13: aliquem patronum, id. Pis. 11, 25: socios sibi ad id bellum Osismios, etc., adsciscunt, Caes. B. G. 3, 9, 10; so id. ib. 1, 5, 4: socius adscitus, Sall. C. 47, 1: aliquem ducem, Auct. B. Alex. 59, 2: qui non asciverit ultro Dardanium Aenean generumque acceperit urbi, Verg. A. 11, 471: gener inde provecto annis adscitus, Liv. 21, 2; so Tac. H. 1, 59: ascivit te filium non vitricus, sed princeps, Plin. Pan. 7, 4: tribuni centurionesque adsciscebantur, Tac. H. 2, 5 fin.: aliquem successorem, Suet. Tib. 23 fin. al.
In the histt. also with in (in civitatem, societatem, senatum, nomen, etc.): adsciti simul in civitatem et patres, Liv. 6, 40, 4: simul in civitatem Romanam et in familias patriciorum adscitus, Tac. A. 11, 24: aliquem in numerum patriciorum, id. ib. 11, 25: inter patricios, id. Agr. 9: Chauci in commilitium adsciti sunt, id. A. 1, 60: aliquem in penates suos, id. H. 1, 15: aliquem in nomen, id. A. 3, 30; Suet. Claud. 39: aliquem in bona et nomen, id. Galb. 17. Transf., in gen., to take or receive a person to one's self; of things, to appropriate to one's self, adopt (diff. from adjungere and assumere, by the accessory idea of exertion and mediation, or of personal reflection; cf. Herz. ad Caes. B. G. 3, 9, 10; Sall. C. 24, 3). Of persons: nemo oppressus aere alieno fuit, quem non ad hoc incredibile sceleris foedus asciverit, Cic. Cat. 2, 4 fin.: exsulibus omnium civitatium ascitis, receptis latronibus, etc., Hirt. B. G. 8, 30: eā tempestate plurimos cujusque generis homines adscivisse dicitur, Sall. C. 24, 3: Veientes re secundā elati voluntarios undique ad spem praedae adsciverunt, Liv. 4, 31, 3; Tac. H. 2, 8: in conscientiam facinoris pauci adsciti, id. ib. 1, 25.
Poet.: asciscere for asciscere se or ascisci, to join or unite one's self to one (cf.. Accingunt omnes operi, Verg. A. 2, 235): ascivere tuo comites sub numine divae centum omnes nemorum, Grat. Cyn. 16. Of things: Quae neque terra sibi adscivit nec maxumus aether, which neither the earth appropriates to itself nor etc., Lucr. 5, 473: Jovisque numen Mulciberi adscivit manus, Att. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 10, 23: sibi oppidum asciscere, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 10: Ceres et Libera ... quarum sacra populus Romanus a Graecis ascita et accepta tantā religione tuetur, etc., id. ib. 2, 5, 72; so id. Har Resp. 13, 27; Ov. M. 15, 625 Heins., where Merk. reads acciverit (cf. Web. ad Luc. 8, 831): peregrinos ritus, Liv. 1, 20: Spem si quam ascitis Aetolum habuistis in armis, Verg. A. 11, 308: opimum quoddam et tamquam adipatae dictionis genus, Cic. Or 8, 25: nova (verba) adsciscere, * Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 119: quod ipsa natura adsciscat et reprobet, Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 23 (B. and K., sciscat et probet): adsciscere aut probare amicitiam aut justitiam, id. ib. 3, 21, 70; id. Leg. 1, 11: illa, quae prima sunt adscita naturā, id. Fin. 3, 5, 17 (cf. Beier ad Cic. Off. 3, 3, 13, p. 203): hanc consuetudinem lubenter ascivimus, id. Brut. 57, 209. Sibi, like arrogo, to assume or arrogate something to one's self (very rare): eos illius expertes esse prudentiae, quam sibi asciscerent, Cic. de Or. 1, 19, 87: eloquentiae laudem uni sibi, Tac. A. 14, 52; cf. Cic. Dom. 36, 95. To order, decree, or approve also or further, = etiam sciscere: alterum (genus sacerdotum) quod interpretetur fatidicorum et vatium ecfata incognita, quae eorum senatus populusque adsciverit, Cic. Leg. 2, 8, ubi v. Moser.
ascītus, P. a. (opp. nativus, innatus, insitus), derived, assumed, foreign: in eo nativum quemdam leporem esse, non ascitum, Nep. Att. 4, 1 Halm: proles, Stat. S. 1, 1, 23; genitos esse vos mihi, non ascitos milites credite, Curt. 10, 3, 6: nec petit ascitas dapes, Ov. F. 6, 172.

ascites
ascītes, ae, m., = ἀσκίτης (sc. ὕδρωψ), a kind of dropsy, Cael. Aur. Tard. 3, 8; Plin. Val. 3, 12 (in Cels. 3, 21, written as Greek).

ascius
ascĭus, a, um, adj., = ἄσκιος (without shadow): loca, countries under the equator, Plin. 2, 73, 75, § 185.

Asclepiades
Asclēpĭădes, ae, m., = Ἀσκληπιάδης. A distinguished physician of Prusa, in Bithynia, friend of Crassus, Cic. de Or. 1, 14, 62; Cels. 3, 4; Plin. 7, 37, 37, § 124; 26, 3, 8, § 15 sq.; Cael. Aur. Tard. 3, 8. A blind philosopher of Eretria, Cic. Tusc. 5, 39, 113. A Greek poet, inventor of the metre named after him metrum Asclepiadeum (e. g. Hor. C. 1, 1: Maecenas atavis edite regibus), Diom. p. 508 P.

Ascletario
Asclētārĭo, ōnis, m., a mathematician in the time of Domitian, Suet. Dom. 15.

Ascra
Ascra, ae, f., = Ἄσκρα. A village in Bœotia, near Mount Helicon, the birthplace of Hesiod, Ov. P. 4, 14, 31.
Hence, As-craeus, a, um, adj., = Ἀσκραῖος. Ascrœan: nemus, Prop. 2, 13, 4: poëta, i. e. Hesiod, id. 2, 34, 77: senex, the same, Verg. E. 6, 70.
Also subst.: Ascraeus, i, m., Hesiod, Ov. Am. 1, 15, 11. Of or pertaining to Hesiod: carmen, i. e. rural, Verg. G. 2, 176; Col. 10, 436: boves, which Hesiod pastured, Ov. F. 6, 14. Of Helicon, Heliconian: fontes, Prop. 2, 10, 25.

ascribo
a-scrībo (ads-, Baiter, Halm, Weissenb., K. and H.; as-, Kayser), psi, ptum, 3, v. a., to annex by writing, to add to a writing (syn.: annumero, addo, insero, attribuo, tribuo). In gen. Lit., constr. absol. or with dat., in with acc. or abl. Absol.: non solum illud perscribunt, quod tum prohibiti sunt, sed etiam causam ascribunt cur etc., Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 35: illud minime auguris, quod adscripsit, ob eam causam, etc., id. Div. 1, 16, 29. With dat.: Terentia salutem tibi plurimam adscribit, Cic. Att. 1, 5 fin.: coheredem sibi libertum ejus adscriptum, Suet. Vit. 14. With in with acc. or abl.: hoc tibi respondeo: ascripsisse eundem Sullam in eandem legem: si quid, etc.: nam nisi esset, hoc in omnibus legibus non ascriberetur, Cic. Caecin. 33, 95 (B. and K., in eādem lege): antiquior dies in tuis adscripta litteris, id. ad Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3: in alterā epistulā diem non adscribis, do not add the date, id. Att. 3, 23: nomen suum in albo profitentium citharoedorum jussit adscribi, Suet. Ner. 21; id. Tib. 51 al.
Esp. freq. of superscriptions and inscriptions: Recita epistulam. TIMARCHIDES VERRIS ACCENSVS APRONIO. Jam hoc quidem non reprehendo, quod ascribit ACCENSVS, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 66: non credo ascripturum esse magno, id. Agr. 2, 20: novo si marmori adscripserunt Praxitelem suo, Phaedr. 5, prol. 6: tumulo publice exstructo adscripserant, pro libertate eos occubuisse, Suet. Aug. 12 fin.: ut qui statuarum titulis pronepotem se Q. Catuli Capitolini semper adscripserit, id. Galb. 2; id. Ner. 45; id. Aug. 70. Trop. To impute, ascribe, attribute to one the cause of something: hoc incommodum Scipioni ascribendum videtur, Cic. Inv. 1, 49: panaces diis inventoribus adscriptum, Plin. 25, 4, 11, § 30; Claud. Laud. Stil. 2, 81; and (per hypallagen, cf. Rudd. II. p. 393): cur autem ascribimus illum his lacrimis (instead of illi has lacrimas), id. Rapt. Pros. 3, 419; cf. id. Idyll. 6, 81: nomini meo adscribatur victoria, Vulg. 2 Reg. 12, 28. To place to one's credit, i. e. to settle, fix, designate, appoint: eidem (servo) adscripsisse legatum, bequeathed to him, Plin. Ep. 4, 10.
Poet.: culpam lues, olim cum adscriptus venerit poenae dies, Phaedr. 4, 11, 8. Adscribere sibi aliquid, to apply, refer something to one's self: qui facere quae non possunt, verbis elevant, Adscribere hoc debebunt exemplum sibi, Phaedr. 4, 3, 6. Esp., t. t., to enroll, enter in a list (as citizen, soldier, colonist, etc.): ascribi se in eam civitatem voluit, to be entered, received as a citizen, Cic. Arch. 4: si qui foederatis civitatibus ascripti fuissent, id. ib.: urbanae militiae adscribebatur, Tac. H. 2, 94: adscribantur ex Judaeis in exercitu regis ad triginta milia virorum, Vulg. 1 Macc. 10, 36: adscripti dicebantur qui in colonias nomina dedissent, ut essent coloni, Paul. ex Fest. p. 13 Müll.: colonos Venusiam adscripserunt, Liv. 31, 49; so id. 32, 7; 33, 24; 34, 42; 35, 9 al.: coloniam deduxit adscriptis veteranis, Suet. Ner. 9; so also of ambassadors, Phaedr. 4, 17, 16. Trop. To reckon or number in a class, include among: adscripsit Liber Satyris poëtas, Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 4 (cf. id. ib. 1, 9, 13: scribe tui gregis hunc): aliquem ordinibus deorum, id. C. 3, 3, 35: nationes Germanis an Sarmatis adscribam, dubito, Tac. G. 46: aliquem antiquis temporibus, id. Or. 17. To add or join to: ad hoc genus ascribamus etiam narrationes apologorum, Cic. de Or. 2, 66, 264: admiratus eorum fidem tyrannus petivit, ut se ad amicitiam tertium adscriberent, id. Off. 3, 10, 45; so id. Tusc. 5, 22, 63; id. ad Q. Fr. 1, 1, 5: tu vero ascribe me in talem numerum, id. Phil. 2, 13: suae alicujus sententiam, id. Opt. Gen. 6: unus A. Gabinius belli maritimi Cn. Pompeio socius ascribitur, i. e. additur, id. Imp. Pomp. 19 fin.
Hence also of attributes of a deity: Jovi aquila adscribitur, is ascribed, Plin. 10, 5, 6, § 18.

ascripticius
ascriptīcĭus (adscr-), a, um, adj. ascribo, II., enrolled or received in any community (as citizen, soldier, etc.): novi et adscripticii cives, * Cic. N. D. 3, 15, 39: ascripticii veluti quidam scripti dicebantur, qui supplendis legionibus ascribebantur. Hos et accensos dicebant, quod ad legionum censum essent adscripti, Paul. ex Fest. p. 14 Müll.; cf. ascriptivus: servi, slaves bound to the soil, and transferred with it from one possessor to another, Cod. 11, 47, 6.

ascriptio
ascriptĭo (adscr-), ōnis, f. ascribo, I., an addition in writing: declarat ipsa asc/riptio esse aliquid, Cic. Caecin. 33, 95.

ascriptivus
ascriptīvus (adscr-), a, um, adj. ascribo, II., enrolled as a (supernumerary) soldier (cf. ascripticius and accensus): Idem istuc aliis adscriptivis ad legionem fieri solet, Plaut. Men. 1, 3, 2; Varr. L. L. 7, § 56 Müll.

ascriptor
ascriptor (adscr-), ōris, m. ascribo, I., he who willingly subscribes (his name); hence, trop., he who subscribes to, agrees to, approves any thing (perh. only in the foll. exs.): ascriptores legis agrariae, Cic. Agr. 9: venalis ascriptor et subscriptor tuus, id. Dom. 19; id. Red. in Sen. 4, 9; 10, 26.

ascyroides
ascyrŏīdĕs, is, n., = ἀσκυροειδές, a plant similar to the ascyron, Plin. 27, 5, 20, § 37.

ascyron
ascyron, i, n., = ἄσκυρον, a plant, also called androsaemon, St. John's-wort, Plin. 27, 4, 10, § 26.

Asellio
Asellĭo, ōnis, m., one of the early Roman historians, Cic. Leg. 1, 2.

Asiagenes
Ā^sĭăgĕnes, is, m., = Ἀσιαγενής, a surname of Scipio Asiaticus, Liv. 39, 44; Sid. Carm. 7, 80; cf. Gron. Obs. 4, 391 (p. 531 Frotsch.).

asilus
ăsīlus, i, m., a gad-fly, horse-fly, usu. tabanus (cf. Plin. 11, 28, 34, § 100); Gr. οἶστρος (cf. Isid. Orig. 12, 8, 15), Verg. G. 3, 147 (cf. Hom. Od. 22, 300). (Even in Seneca's time the word was antiquated; v. Sen. Ep. 58; cf. Plin. 11, 28, 34, § 100.)

asina
ăsĭna, ae, f. (dat. and abl. plur. asinabus rest only on the assertion of Prisc. p. 733 P.; Rhem Pal. 1365 P., and Phoc. p. 1707 P.: asinis, Plin. 11, 40, 95, § 233, acc. to which it should be considered as masc.; cf. Schneid. Gr. II. p. 26; Charis. p. 39, and Rudd. I. p. 50, n. 31) [asinus]. A she-ass, Varr. R. R. 2, 8, 1 and 6; so Col. 6, 37, 4; Plin. 8, 44, 69, § 171; Pall. 1, 35 fin.; Vulg. Gen. 12, 16; ib. Num. 22, 21 sqq.; ib. Matt. 21, 2; ib. Joan. 12, 15 et persaepe: molendaria, Dig. 33, 7, 18. Asina, a Roman cognomen, e. g. Cn. Scipio Asina, Macr. S 1, 6.

Asine
Ăsĭnē, ēs, f., = Ἀσίνη, a town in Messenia, Plin. 4, 5, 7, § 15.
Hence, Ăsĭnae-us, a, um, adj., of Asine: sinus, Plin. 4, 5, 7, § 15; cf. Mann. Gr. 546.

Asinius
Ăsĭnĭus, a, um, adj., name of a Roman gens; the most celebrated was Asinius Pollio, a friend of Augustus, founder of the first library in Rome, and author of a history, now lost, of the civil war between Cœsar and Pompey, Cic. Fam. 10, 31 sq. Manut.; Vell. 2, 125; Hor. C 2, 1; Verg. E. 4; Tac. A. 4, 34; Suet. Caes. 30; id. Gram. 10; cf. Bähr, Lit. Gesch. § 192; Weich. Poët. Lat. pp. 155, 293, 327, 395; Teuffel, Röm. Lit. § 218.
Hence, Ăsĭnĭānus, a, um, adj., pertaining to the gens Asinia, or to an Asinius: crimen, Cic. Clu. 13.

asinus
ăsĭnus, i, m. acc. to Benfey, I. p. 123, and Hehn foll. by Curtius, an oriental word, perh. the Heb. , asina; cf. Goth. asilus; Lith. asilas; Erse, assul; Celt. asen or assen; Engl. ass; and Gr. ὄνος, which latter two forms the Lat. seems to have in combination, an ass. Lit., Cato, R. R. 10, 1; 11, 1; Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 14; 2, 6, 1 al.; Col. 6, 37, 8; 6, 7, 1 al.; Plin. 8, 43, 68, § 167 sqq. et saep.; Vulg. Gen. 12, 6; ib. Isa. 1, 3; ib. Luc. 13, 15; 14, 5 et persaepe.
Prov.: qui asinum non potest, stratum caedit, i. e. he, that cannot find the offender, avenges himself on the unoffending, Petr. 45, 8: in tegulis, of an odd appearance, id. 45, 63: ad lyram, of an awkward man, acc. to Varr. ap. Gell. 3, 16: sepulturā asini sepelietur, of a contemptible and unworthy man, Vulg. Jer. 22, 19. Trop., an ass, a dolt, simpleton, blockhead: neque ego homines magis asinos umquam vidi, Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 4; Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 4.
Hence, as a term of insult: Quid tu autem huic, asine, auscultas? Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 12; id. Eun. 3, 5, 50: Quid nunc te, asine, litteras doceam? Non opus est verbis, sed fustibus, Cic. Pis. 30.

asinusca
ăsĭnusca, ae, f. asinus, a kind of grape of little value, Plin. 14, 3, 4, § 42; Macr. S 2, 16.

asio
ăsĭo, ōnis, m., a horned owl, Plin. 10, 23, 33, § 68; 29, 6, 38, § 117 (in both these passages Jan reads axio).

Asopis
Āsōpis, ĭdis, f. (gen. Gr. Asopidos, Ov. M. 7, 616; acc. Gr Asopida, id. ib. 6, 113), = Ἀσωπίς. Daughter of Asopus, i. e. Ægina, the mother of Æacus by Jupiter, Ov. M. 6, 113; 7, 616. His daughter Evadne, Ov. Am. 3, 6, 41. A name of the island Eubœa (after Eubœa, the third daughter of Asopus), Plin. 4, 12, 21, § 64. Adj. for Bœotian (v Asopus), Stat. Th. 4, 370.

Asopus
Āsōpus (-os), i, m. (nom. Gr. Asopos, Stat. Th. 7, 315; acc. Gr. Asopon, Ov. Am. 3, 6, 33), = Ἀσωπός. A river in Bœotia; personified, the father of Ægina, Evadne, and Eubœa, and grandfather of Æacus (v. Asopis and Asopiades), Ov. Am. 3, 6, 33. A river in Thessaly, Liv 36, 22. In Phrygia, Plin. 5, 29, 29, § 105

asotia
ăsōtīa, ae, f., = ἀσωτεία, dissoluteness, sensuality, Gell. 10, 17, 3; 19, 9, 8.

asotus
ăsōtus, i, m., = ἄσωτος, a dissolute man, a debauchee (only in Cic.), Cic. Fin. 2, 7, 22; 2, 8, 23, id. N. D. 3, 31, 77.

aspalathus
aspălăthus, i, m., = ἀσπάλαθος, a thorny shrub, whose bark and roots yielded a fragrant oil, which was used in the preparation of spiced wine (vinum aromatites), rosewood, Plin. 12, 24, 52, § 110; 15, 7, 7, § 30

aspalax
aspălax, ăcis, m., = ἀσπάλαξ, an herb now unknown, Plin. 19, 6, 31, § 99, where Jan reads spalax.

Aspar
Aspar, ăris, m., a Numidian, Sall. J. 108, 1; 112, 1.

Asparagium
Aspărāgĭum, ii, n., a town in Illyria, on the river Genusus, now Iskarpar, Caes. B. C. 3, 30 fin.; 3, 41; 3, 76.

asparagus
aspărăgus (asph-, App. Herb. 84), i, m., = ἀσπάραγος (ἀσφ‐). Asparagus, Cato, R. R. 6, 3; 6, 61, Col. 11, 3, 45; Plin. 19, 8, 42, § 145 sqq.; 19, 4, 19, § 54; Juv 11, 69; Suet. Aug. 87 (perh. in Varr. ap. Non. p. 550, 11, asparagos should be read instead of sparagos). A sprout, a shoot, like asparagus, Plin. 23, 1, 17, § 24; 21, 15, 54, § 91.

aspectabilis
aspectābĭlis (adsp-), e, adj. aspecto (perh. only in the foll. exs.). That may be seen, visible, Cic. Tim. 4: animal, id. ib. 4. Worthy of being seen: nihil esse aspectabilius, App. Mag. p. 282, 14.

aspello
as-pello, ĕre (abspulsus, Fronto, Differ. Vocab. p. 473), v. a. ab-pello; cf. ab init., to drive away, remove (only ante-class.): eos, qui advorsum eunt, aspellito, Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 5; so id. Trin. 3, 2, 46; id. Am. 3, 4, 17; Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 20 Bentl., Fleck.
Trop.: longe a leto aspellor, Att. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 10, 25: metum alicui, Plaut. Capt. 3, 3, 4.

aspendios
aspendĭos, ii, m., = ἀσπένδιος, a kind of vine, Plin. 14, 18, 22, § 117.

Aspendos
Aspendos, i, f., = Ἄσπενδος, a town built by the Argives, in Pamphylia, on the Eurymedon, now Minugat, Cic. Verr. 1, 20, 53; Mel. 1, 14, 1.
Also, Aspendum, i, n., Plin. 5, 27, 26, § 96; cf. id. 31, 7, 39, § 73.
Hence, Aspendĭus, a, um, adj., of Aspendos: Aspendii, ōrum, m., the inhabitants of Aspendos, Liv. 37, 23; Nep. Dat. 8, 2. A harper of Aspendos was distinguished in antiquity for playing with the fingers of the left hand (instead of the plectrum), and on the side of the instrument turned inwards, and accordingly concealed from the view of the spectators. Hence, Aspendius was used proverbially of a man that took more thought for his own than for others' advantage: Aspendius citharista, quem omnia intus canere dicebant, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 20 Ascon.; cf.: atque hoc carmen hic tribunus plebis non vobis, sed sibi intus canit, id. Agr. 2, 26.

asper
asper, ĕra, ĕrum, adj. (aspra = aspera, Enn. ap. App. Mag. p. 299, but Vahl. ad Enn. p. 166 reads spissa instead of aspra: aspris = asperis, Verg. A. 2, 379; aspro = aspero, Pall. Insit. 67) [etym. dub.; Doed. foll. by Hinter connects it with ἀσπαίρω, to struggle, to resist; Corssen, Ausspr. II. p. 593, regards asper (i. e. ab spe) as the proper opposite of prosper (i. e. pro spe); thus asper originally meant hopeless, desperate; v. also id. ib. II. p. 870; cf. the use of res asperae as the opposite of res prosperae]; as affecting the sense of touch, rough, uneven (opp. lēvis or lenis; syn.: scaber, acutus, insuavis, acerbus, amarus, mordax, durus). Lit.: lingua aspera tactu, Lucr. 6, 1150; cf. Verg. G. 3, 508; Ov. M. 7, 556; Luc. 4, 325: mixta aspera levibus, Lucr. 2, 471: in locis (spectatur) plani an montuosi, leves an asperi, Cic. Part. Or. 10, 36: Quid judicant sensus? dulce, amarum; lene, asperum, id. Fin. 2, 12, 36: tumulus asperi (sc. saxibus) soli, Liv. 25, 36: saxa, Enn. ap. Cic. Pis. 19; Cic. Tusc. 1, 16, 37; Pac. ap. Mar. Vict. p. 2522 P.; Att. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 10, 23; Lucr. 4, 147; Ov. M. 6, 76; cf. Leucas, Luc. 1, 42: loca, Caes. B. C. 3, 42, and Vulg. Act. 27, 29: viae asperae, ib. Bar. 4, 26: vallis aspera, ib. Deut. 21, 4 et saep.: unda, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2: glacies, Verg. E. 10, 49: hiems, Ov. M. 11, 490; Claud. ap. Prob. Cons. 270: Phasis, i. e. frozen, ice-bound, Prob. ap. Rufin. I. 375; and of climate: aspera caelo Germania, harsh, severe, Tac. G. 2: arteria. the windpipe (v. arteria), Cic. N. D. 2, 54, 136; Cels. 4, 1.
Of raised work (i. e. bas-relief, etc., as being rough), as in Gr. τραχύς (cf. exaspero): aspera signis Pocula, Verg. A. 9, 263: Cymbiaque argento perfecta atque aspera signis, id. ib. 5, 267: signis exstantibus asper Antiquus crater, Ov. M. 12, 235 (cf.: stantem extra pocula caprum, Juv. 1, 76): Summus inaurato crater erat asper acantho, Ov. M. 13, 701: aspera pocula, Prop. 2, 6, 17: ebur, Sen. Hippol. 899: balteus, Val. Fl. 5, 578: cingula bacis, Claud. Laud. Stil. 2, 89; cf. Drak. ad Sil. 11, 279: nummus, not worn smooth, new, Suet. Ner. 44; cf. Sen. Ep. 19: mare, agitated by a storm, rough, tempestuous, Liv. 37, 16.
Of things that have a rough, thorny, prickly exterior: barba, Tib. 1, 8, 32: sentes, Verg. A. 2, 379: rubus, id. E. 3, 89: mucro, Luc. 7, 139 (cf. Tac. A. 15, 54: pugionem vetustate obtusum asperari saxo jussit; v. aspero). Meton., of food: He. Asper meus victus sanest. Er. Sentisne essitas? He. My fare is very rough. Er. Do you feed on brambles? Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 85; cf. id. ib. 3, 1, 37; also of a cough producing hoarseness: quas (fauces) aspera vexat Assidue tussis, Mart. 11, 86, 1. Subst.: aspĕrum, i, n., an uneven, rough place: latens in asperis radix, Hor. Epod. 5, 67: aspera maris, Tac. A. 4, 6: propter aspera et confragosa, Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 53: per aspera et devia, Suet. Tib. 60: erunt aspera in vias planas, Vulg. Isa. 40, 4; ib. Luc. 3, 5.
Also in the sup. absol.: asperrimo hiemis Ticinum usque progressus, Tac. A. 3, 5. Transf. Of taste, rough, harsh, sour, bitter, brackish, acrid, pungent: asperum, Pater, hoc (vinum) est: aliud lenius, sodes, vide, Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 49: asper sapor maris, Plin. 2, 100, 104, § 222: allium asperi saporis; quo plures nuclei fuere, hoc est asperius, id. 19, 6, 34, § 111: asperrimum piper, id. 12, 7, 14, § 27: acetum quam asperrimum, id. 20, 9, 39, § 97. Of sound, rough, harsh, grating, etc.: (pronuntiationis genus) lene, asperum, Cic. de Or. 3, 57, 216.
Hence a poet. epithet of the letter R (also called littera canina), Ov. F. 5, 481.
In rhetoric, rough, rugged, irregular: quidam praefractam et asperam compositionem probant; virilem putant et fortem, quae aurem inaequalitate percutiat, Sen. Ep. 114; cf. Cic. Or. 16, 53: duram potius atque asperam compositionem malim esse quam effeminatam et enervem, Quint. 9, 4, 142. And in gram., spiritus asper, the h sound, the aspirate, Prisc. p. 572 P. Of smell, sharp, pungent: herba odoris asperi, Plin. 27, 8, 41, § 64. Trop. Of moral qualities, rough, harsh, hard, violent, unkind, rude (cf.: acerbus, acer, and Wagner ad Verg. A. 1, 14): quos naturā putes asperos atque omnibus iniquos, Cic. Planc. 16, 40: orator truculentus, asper, maledicus, id. Brut. 34, 129: aspera Juno, Verg. A. 1, 279: juvenis monitoribus asper, Hor. A. P. 163: patres vestros, asperrimos illos ad condicionem pacis, Liv. 22, 59; cf. id. 2, 27: rebus non asper egenis, Verg. A. 8, 365: cladibus asper, exasperated, Ov. M. 14, 485: asperaque est illi difficilisque Venus, unfriendly, Tib. 1, 9, 20; cf. id. 1, 6, 2: (Galatea) acrior igni, Asperior tribulis, fetā truculentior ursā, Ov. M. 13, 803: Quam aspera est nimium sapientia indoctis hominibus, Vulg. Eccli. 6, 21: asper contemptor divom Mezentius, Verg. A. 7, 647: aspera Pholoe, coy, Hor. C. 1, 33, 6.
Of a harsh, austere, rigid view of life, or manner of living: accessit istuc doctrina (sc. Stoicorum) non moderata nec mitis, sed paulo asperior et durior quam aut veritas aut natura patiatur, Cic. Mur. 29: (Stoici) horridiores evadunt, asperiores, duriores et oratione et verbis, id. Fin. 4, 28, 78 (v. asperitas, II. A.): (Cato) asperi animi et linguae acerbae et immodice liberae fuit, sed rigidae innocentiae, Liv. 39, 40: (Karthago) studiis asperrima belli, Verg. A. 1, 14, ubi v. Wagner: Camilla aspera, id. ib. 11, 664; cf.: gens laboribus et bellis asperrima, Just. 2, 3: virgo aspera, i. e. Diana, Sen. Med. 87. Of animals, wild, savage, fierce: (anguis) asper siti atque exterritus aestu, Verg. G. 3, 434: bos aspera cornu, i. e. minax, id. ib. 3, 57; cf. Hor. Epod. 6, 11: ille (lupus) asper Saevit, Verg. A. 9, 62: lupus dulcedine sanguinis asper, Ov. M. 11, 402: ille (leo) asper retro redit, Verg. A. 9, 794: tigris aspera, Hor. C. 1, 23, 9; 3, 2, 10: (equus) asper frena pati, Sil. 3, 387. Of things, rough, harsh, troublesome, adverse, calamitous, cruel, etc. (most freq. in the poets): in periculis et asperis temporibus, Cic. Balb. 9: qui labores, pericula, dubias atque asperas res facile toleraverant, Sall. C. 10, 2: mala res, spes multo asperior, (our) circumstances are bad, (our) prospects still worse, id. ib. 20, 13: venatus, Verg. A. 8, 318: bellum, Sall. J. 48, 1; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 7: pugna, Verg. A. 11, 635; 12, 124: fata, id. ib. 6, 882: odia, id. ib. 2, 96.
Absol.: multa aspera, Prop. 1, 18, 13; Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 21 al.
Of discourse, severe, abusive: asperioribus facetiis perstringere aliquem, Cic. Planc. 14; Tac. A. 15, 68: verba, Tib. 4, 4, 14; Ov. P. 2, 6, 8; Vulg. Psa. 90, 3: vox, Curt. 7, 1.
Adv. Old form asperĭter, roughly, harshly: cubare, Naev. ap. Non. p. 513, 21; Plaut. ap. Prisc. p. 1010 P. Class. form aspĕrē (in fig. signif.), roughly, harshly, severely, vehemently, etc. Transf.: loqui, Cic. de Or. 3, 12, 45; Quint. 6, 5, 5: dicere, id. 2, 8, 15: syllabae aspere coëuntes, id. 1, 1, 37. Trop.: aspere accipere aliquid, Tac. A. 4, 31: aspere et acerbe accusare aliquem, Cic. Fam. 1, 5, 6: aspere agere aliquid, Liv. 3, 50: aspere et ferociter et libere dicta, Cic. Planc. 13, 33; Quint. 6, 3, 28: aspere et vehementer loqui, Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 227: ne quid aspere loquaris, * Vulg. Gen. 31, 24.
Comp.: asperius loqui aliquid, Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 227: asperius scribere de aliquo, id. Att. 9, 15.
Sup.: asperrime loqui in aliquem, Cic. Att. 2, 22, 5: asperrime pati aliquid, Sen. Ira, 3, 37, 1: asperrime saevire in aliquem, Vell. 2, 7.

Asper
Asper, eri, m. A cognomen of L. Trebonius: L. Trebonius ... insectandis patribus, unde Aspero etiam inditum est cognomen, tribunatum gessit, Liv. 3, 65, 4. Asper, Aspri (Prob. p. 201 Keil), m., a Latin grammarian, two of whose treatises have come down to us; v. Teuffel, Rom. Lit. § 474, 4.

aspergo
aspergo (Merk., Müller, Strüb.; in MSS. sometimes aspargo, Lachm., Rib., e. g. Verg. A. 3, 534, acc. to Non. p. 405, 5, and Vel. Long. p. 2234 P.; v. 1. aspergo), ĭnis, f. (in the ante-class. per. com. acc. to Prisc. p. 658 P.) [1. aspergo]. A sprinkling, besprinkling (most freq. in the poets, never in Cic., who uses aspersio, q. v.): aspergo aquarum, Ov. M. 7, 108: aquae, Petr. 102, 15: (Peneus) Nubila conducit, summasque aspergine silvas Impluit, Ov. M. 1, 572: sanguis virides aspergine tinxerat herbas, id. ib. 3, 86; 3, 683 al.: Aspergine et gelu pruinisque (lapides) rumpuntur, Plin. 36, 22, 48, § 167: parietum, the moisture, sweat, upon walls, Cato, R. R. 128; so Vitr. 5, 11, 1, and Plin. 22, 21, 30, § 63.
Trop.: omni culparum aspergine liber, Prud. Apoth. 1005. Meton. (abstr. for concr.), that which is sprinkled, drops: hic ubi sol radiis .... Adversa fulsit nimborum aspargine contra, opposite to the falling rain, Lucr. 6, 525 Lachm.: Objectae salsā spumant aspargine cautes, the spray, Verg. A. 3, 534: Flammiferā gemini fumant aspergine postes, Ov. M. 14, 796: maduere graves aspergine pennae, id. ib. 4, 729: arborei fetus aspergine caedis in atram Vertuntur faciem, by means of the sprinkled blood, id. ib. 4, 125 al.

asperitas
aspĕrĭtas, ātis, f. asper, the quality of asper, unevenness, roughness (opp. 2. levitas). Lit.: saxorum asperitates, Cic. N. D. 2, 39, 98: asperitas viarum, id. Phil. 9, 1, 2: locorum, Sall. J. 75, 2: angustiae locorumque asperitas, Liv. 32, 12 fin.; 43, 21; 44, 5 al.: linguae, Plin. 11, 37, 65, § 172: ventris, id. 11, 37, 79, § 201: squamarum, Gell. 2, 6: faucium, Plin. 30, 4, 11, § 32: animi asperitas seu potius animae, hoarseness, id. 22, 24, 51, § 111: ob asperitatem hiemis, roughness, severity, Tac. A. 4, 56: asperitas frigorum abest, id. Agr. 12: densaque cedit Frigoris asperitas, Ov. F. 4, 88 al.: asperitas luti, dryness, barrenness of the clay, Vitr. 2, 3.
Of raised work (cf. 1. asper, I., and exaspero): vasa anaglypta in asperitatemque excisa, with figures in basrelief, Plin. 33, 11, 49, § 139. Transf. Of taste, harshness, sharpness, acidity, tartness: vini, Plin. 14, 19, 24, § 120: pomi, id. 12, 10, 21, § 38: aceti, id. 9, 35, 58, § 120: aquarum, the brackish taste of water, id. 12, 9, 20, § 37 al. Of hearing, roughness, harshness of tone: vocis, Lucr. 4, 542: soni, Tac. G. 3. Of sight, inequality, contrast: cum aspectus ejus scaenae propter asperitatem eblandiretur omnium visus, on account of the contrast of light and shade, Vitr. 7, 5: intercolumniorum, id. 3, 3. Trop. Of moral qualities, roughness, harshness, severity, fierceness, asperity: si quis eā asperitate est et immanitate naturae, congressus ut hominum fugiat atque oderit, etc., Cic. Lael. 23, 87: avunculi, Nep. Att. 5, 1: patris, Ov. M. 9, 752: artibus ingenuis Pectora mollescunt, asperitasque fugit, id. P. 1, 6, 8: asperitatis et invidiae corrector, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 129.
Of a rigid, austere manner of life: quam illorum (Stoicorum) tristitiam atque asperitatem fugiens Panaetius nec acerbitatem sententiarum nec disserendi spinas probavit, Cic. Fin. 4, 28, 79; cf. 1. asper, II. A.
And of rudeness in external appearance, opp. to a polished, cultivated bearing: asperitas agrestis, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 6. Of things, adversity, reverse of fortune, trouble, severity, difficulty (cf. 1. asper, II. B., and acerbitas): in his vel asperitatibus rerum vel angustiis temporis obsequar studiis nostris, Cic. de Or. 1, 1, 3: asperitas belli, Sall. J. 29, 1: remedii, Tac. A. 1, 44.
Of style, roughness, harshness, τραχύτης (cf. 1. asper, II. B.): oratio in quā asperitas contentionis oratoris ipsius humanitate conditur, Cic. de Or. 2, 53, 212. judicialis asperitas, id. ib. 2, 15, 64; so Quint. 1, 8, 11; 10, 5, 14 (cf. id. 11, 3, 23): verborum, Ov. M. 14, 526.

aspero
aspĕro (aspro, Sid. Ep. 4, 8; id. Carm. 2, 418), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. asper, to make rough, uneven. Lit. (very freq. in the poets and Tac., but not found in Cic.): asserculi asperantur, ne sint advolantibus lubrici, Col. 8, 3, 6: tum enim (apes) propter laborem asperantur ac macescunt, become rough, Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 20: cum torpent apes, nec caloribus asperantur, Pall. 7, 7, 2: (vinum myrtites) limum dysentericae passionis medicabiliter asperare, i. e. excrementa solidiora reddere, id. 3, 31, 2: Et glacialis hiemps aquilonibus asperat undas, throws into commotion, Verg. A. 3, 285; so Luc. 8, 195; Val. Fl. 2, 435: Minervae pectus asperare hydris, Prud. περὶ στεφ. 14, 275. Transf., to furnish with a rough, wounding exterior (cf. 1. asper, I.): sagittas inopiā ferri ossibus asperant, to point, Tac. G. 46.
Hence, also, to whet, to sharpen: pugionem vetustate obtusum asperari saxo jussit, Tac. A. 15, 54: abruptaque saxa asperat, Luc. 6, 801 (cf. id. 7, 139: nisi cautibus asper Exarsit mucro, and exaspero). Trop., to make fierce, to rouse up, excite, exasperate: indomitos praeceps discordia fratres asperat, Stat. Th. 1, 137: hunc quoque asperavere carmina in saevitiam, Tac. A. 1, 72 fin.; 3, 12: ubi asperatum Vitellium satis patuit iis, qui etc., id. H. 3, 38: ne lenire neve asperare crimina videretur, to make more severe, to aggravate, heighten, id. A. 2, 29: iram victoris, id. H. 2, 48.

aspersio
aspersĭo, ōnis, f. aspergo, a sprinkling upon, a sprinkling. Lit.: aspersione aquae, Cic. Leg. 2, 10, 24; Macr. S. 3, 1: sanguinis aspersio, Vulg. Heb. 12, 24; ib. 1 Pet. 1, 2: pulveris, ib. 3 Reg. 20, 28.
Of the laying on of colors: aspersio fortuita, Cic. Div. 1, 13, 23. Trop.: ut sint in aquam aspersionis, for a water of scattering, separation, Vulg. Num. 19, 9.

asperugo
aspĕrūgo, ĭnis, f. asper, a plant with prickly leaves: Asperugo procumbens, Linn.: similis (lappaginis), sed asperioribus foliis asperugo, Plin. 26, 10, 65, § 102.

asphaltion
asphaltĭon, ii, n., = ἀσφάλτιον, a kind of clover with long leaves, and of the odor of asphaltum; among the Gr. μινύανθες, prob. the common bituminous clover: Psoralea bituminosa, Linn.; Plin. 21, 9, 30, § 54 (in Col. 6, 17, 2, written as Greek).

Asphaltites
Asphaltītes, ae, m., = Ἀσφαλτίτης; also Asphaltites lacus, = Ἀσφαλτῖτις λίμνη, Lake Asphaltites (the Dead Sea), in Palestine, Plin. 5, 15, 15, § 71; 5, 16, 15, § 72; cf. Mann. Palaest. p. 261.

asphodelus
asphŏdĕlus (-ĭlus, Pall. 1, 37, 2), i, m., = ἀσφόδελος, the asphodel, a kind of lily-shaped plant with many tubercles at the root: Asphodelus ramosus, Linn.; Plin. 21, 17, 68, § 108 sqq. (acc. to Isid. Orig. 17, 9, 84, in pure Lat., albutium).

aspicio
a-spĭcĭo (adsp-, Jan; asp-, others except Halm, who uses both), spexi, spectum, 3, v. a. (aspexit = aspexerit, Plaut. As. 4, 1, 25), to look to or upon a person or thing, to behold, look at, see. Lit., constr. in the ante - class. per. sometimes with ad; but afterwards with the acc., with a finite clause, or absol.; in eccl. Lat., with in with acc., and super with acc. With ad: aspice ad me, Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 38: aspicient ad me, Vulg. Zach. 12, 10: aspicere ad terram, Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 25: ad caelum, Vulg. 2 Macc. 7, 28: Aspice nunc ad sinisteram, Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 38 (Ritschl, spice): ad Scrofam, Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 26; cf. the epitaph of Pacuvius: Adulescens, tametsi properas, te hoc saxum rogat, Ut se[se] aspicias, etc., ap. Gell. 1, 24 fin.
(β With acc.: Aspice hoc sublimen candens, Enn. ap. Cic. N. D. 2, 25, 65: templum Cereris, id. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, 2, 82: me, Pac. ap. Non. p. 470, 20: aspicite (me) religatum asperis Vinctumque saxis, Att. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 10, 23; Plaut. As. 4, 1, 25: me huc aspice, id. Am. 2, 2, 118: faciem alicujus, id. Ps. 1, 2, 9.
In Plaut. twice with contra: aspiciam aliquem contra oculis, Cas. 5, 3, 2: Th. Aspicedum contra me. Tr. Aspexi. Th. Vides? Tr. Video, Most. 5, 1, 56; so, non audebat aspicere contra Deum, Vulg. Exod. 3, 6: formam alicujus aspicere, Ter. Heaut. 4, 5, 25: tergum alicujus, Vulg. Exod. 33, 8: aspicite ipsum: contuemini os, etc., Cic. Sull. 27: me, Vulg. Job, 7, 8: sic obstupuerant, sic terram intuebantur, sic furtim non numquam inter se aspiciebant, etc., Cic. Cat. 3, 5, 13; so Vulg. Jer. 4, 23: aspicis me iratus, Cic. Phil. 2, 30 fin.: hominis omnino aspiciendi potestatem eripere, id. Lael. 23, 87: ut nemo eorum forum aut publicum aspicere vellet, Liv. 9, 7, 11: aliquid rectis oculis, Suet. Aug. 16: Aspicit hanc torvis (oculis), Ov. M. 6, 34: aspiciunt oculis Superi mortalia justis, id. ib. 13, 70: aliquid oculis aequis, Verg. A. 4, 372: aspice vultus Ecce meos, Ov. M. 2, 92 al.: horrendae aspectu, Hor. S. 1, 8, 26: aspice nos hoc tantum, look on us thus much only, Verg. A. 2, 690 Wagner: Aspice Felicem sibi non tibi, Romule, Sullam, poët. ap. Suet. Tib. 59.
In pass. (rare): unde aliqua pars aspici potest, Cic. Mil. 3: pulvis procul et arma adspiciebantur, Tac. H. 2, 68; id. G. 13: super triginta milia armatorum aspiciebantur, id. Agr. 29; 40; id. A. 3, 45; 11, 14: Septentrionem ibi adnotatum primā tantum parte noctis adspici, Plin. 2, 73, 75, § 185: quasi eum aspici nefas esset, Cic. Verr. 5, 67; 5, 187; id. Har. Resp. 8: adspici humana exta nefas habetur, Plin. 28, 1, 2, § 5. Absol.: Vide amabo, si non, quom aspicias, os inpudens videtur, Ter. Eun. 5, 1, 22: postquam aspexi, ilico Cognovi, id. Heaut. 4, 1, 43. With in with acc.: in terram aspicere, Vulg. Psa. 101, 20; ib. Isa. 5, 30: in caelum, ib. Matt. 14, 9.
(ε) With super with acc.: super castra aspicere, Vulg. Judith, 9, 7 al. Transf. Of things in space, to look toward, lie toward: tabulatum aspiciat meridiem, Col. 8, 8, 2: cryptoporticus non aspicere vineas, sed tangere videtur, Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 29: ea pars Britanniae, quae Hiberniam aspicit, Tac. Agr. 24: terra umidior quā Gallias, ventosior quā Noricum aspicit, id. G. 5. Of persons: nobilissimi totius Britanniae eoque in ipsis penetralibus siti nec servientium litora aspicientes, Tac. Agr. 30. With the access. idea of purpose (cf.: adeo, aggredior, etc.), to look upon something in order to consider or examine it; and in gen. to consider, survey, inspect (freq. in Liv.): hujus ut aspicerent opus admirabile, Ov. M. 6, 14: Boeotiam atque Euboeam aspicere jussi, Liv. 42, 37: in Boeotiā aspiciendae res, id. 42, 67 fin.: Ap. Claudium legatum ad eas res aspiciendas componendasque senatus misit, id. 42, 5; 26, 51; 32, 5 al. Trop. In gen.: sic in oratione Crassi divitias atque ornamenta ejus ingenii per quaedam involucra perspexi; sed ea cum contemplari cuperem, vix aspiciendi potestas fuit, Cic. de Or. 1, 35, 161: sic evolavit oratio, ut ejus vim atque incitationem aspexerim, vestigia ingressumque vix viderim, observed, noticed, id. ib. 1, 35, 161: in auctorem fidei, Vulg. Heb. 12, 2: in remunerationem, ib. ib. 11, 26.
So esp., to examine, reflect upon, to consider, weigh, ponder (most freq. in the imperat.: aspice, see, ponder, consider, etc.). With acc.: Postea [tu] aspicito meum, quando ego tuum inspectavero, Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 50: neque tanta (est) in rebus obscuritas, ut eas non penitus vir ingenio cernat, si modo (eas) aspexerit, attends to them, Cic. de Or. 3, 31, 124: aspice, ait, Perseu, nostrae primordia gentis, Ov M. 5, 190. With a finite clause. In the subj.: qui semel aspexit, quantum dimissa petitis Praestent, etc., has weighed, considered, Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 96: aspiciebant, quomodo turba jactaret aes etc., Vulg. Marc. 12, 41: aspiciebant, ubi (Jesus) poneretur, ib. ib. 15, 47: Quin tu illam aspice, ut placide adcubat, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 168: quin aspice, quantum Aggrediare nefas, Ov. M. 7, 70: Aspice, venturo laetentur ut omnia saeclo! Verg. E. 4, 52: Aspice, Plautus Quo pacto partes tutetur amantis ephebi, ut patris attenti ... Quantus sit dossennus, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 170 sqq.: Aspice, num mage sit nostrum penetrabile telum, Verg. A. 10, 481: aspice, si quid loquamur, Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 4 sq.: Aspice, qui coeant populi, Verg. A. 8, 385: Qualem commendes, etiam atque etiam aspice, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 76: aspice, Quanto cum fastu, quanto molimine circumspectemus etc., id. ib. 2, 2, 92. In the indic. (rare): Aspice, ut antrum Silvestris raris sparsit labrusca racemis, Verg. E. 5, 6: Aspice, ut insignis spoliis Marcellus opimis Ingreditur, id. A. 6, 855: quantas ostentant, aspice, vires, id. ib. 6, 771: Aspice, quem gloria extulerat, id. Cat. 12, 1: aspicite, quae fecit nobiscum, Vulg. Tob. 13, 6.
Also, to take into consideration, to have in view: si genus aspicitur, Saturnum prima parentem Feci, Ov. F. 6, 29. Esp. To look upon with respect, admiration: erat in classe Chabrias privatus, sed eum magis milites quam qui praeerant, aspiciebant, Nep. Chabr. 4, 1. Aliquem, to look one boldly in the face, to meet his glance: Lacedaemonii, quos nemo Boeotiorum ausus fuit aspicere in acie, Nep. Epam. 8, 3 (cf. supra, I., the passage from Suet. Aug. 16). Lumen aspicere, to see the light for to live: odi celebritatem, fugio homines, lucem aspicere vix possum, Cic. Att. 3, 7; id. Brut. 3, 12; cf. the foll. number fin. Ad inchoative (as in addubito, addormio, aduro, etc.), to get a sight of, to see, perceive, descry: perii, si me aspexerit, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 164: forte unam aspicio adulescentulam, Ter. And. 1, 1, 91; id. Ad. 3, 3, 19: respexit et equum alacrem laetus aspexit, Cic. Div. 1, 33, 73; so id. Har. Resp. 1, 2: tum vero Phaëthon cunctis e partibus orbem Aspicit accensum, Ov. M. 2, 228; 7, 651: aspicit hanc visamque vocat, id. ib. 2, 443; 2, 714; 3, 69; 3, 356; 3, 486; 7, 384; 7, 791 et saep.: Quem simul aspexit scabrum intonsumque, Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 90.
Hence trop.: lumen aspicere, to see the light for to be born: ut propter quos hanc suavissimam lucem aspexerit, eos indignissime luce privārit, Cic. Rosc. Am. 22 fin.; cf. supra, II. B. 3.

aspilates
aspīlătes, ae, m., = ἀσπιλάτης, a precious stone of Arabia, Plin. 37, 10, 54, § 146, where Jan reads aspisatis.

aspiramen
aspīrāmen (adsp-), ĭnis, n. aspiro, a blowing, breathing; hence poet., a communicating: formae, Val. Fl. 6, 465.

aspiratio
aspīrātĭo (adsp-), ōnis, f. id.. In gen. Lit., a blowing or breathing to or upon: animantes adspiratione aëris sustinentur, by the blowing or breathing of the air (not by respiration, as it is commonly rendered), Cic. N. D. 2, 33, 83: ventorum, Lact. 7, 3 fin. Trop.: superni numinis, favor, Amm. 15, 2.
Hence, Esp. Evaporation, exhalation: quae omnia fiunt et ex caeli varietate et ex disparili adspiratione terrarum, Cic. Div. 1, 36, 79; 1, 57, 130. In gram., the enunciation of a word with an h sound, a breathing, aspiration: ita majores locutos esse, ut nusquam nisi in vocali aspiratione uterentur, Cic. Or. 48, 160: per aspirationem apud nos potest quaeri, an in scripto sit vitium, si h littera est, non nota, Quint. 1, 5, 19; 1, 4, 9 Spald.; 1, 6, 21; 6, 3, 55 al.; cf. Apul. de Nota Aspirat. Osann.
Hence meton., the aspirate, i.e. the letter H itself, Prisc. p. 547; 1038 al.; Phoc. Aspir. p. 1721 sq. P.

aspiro
a-spīro (adsp-, Baiter, Rib., Merk., K. and H.; asp-, Kayser, Halm, Müller), āvi, ātum, 1, v. n. and a. Neutr. To breathe or blow upon; constr. with ad, the dat., or absol.: ad quae (granaria) nulla aura umida ex propinquis locis adspiret, Varr. R. R. 1, 57: ut ne ad eum frigus adspiret, Cels. 2, 17: pulmones se contrahunt adspirantes, exhaling, Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 136: Lenius aspirans aură, Cat. 68, 64: amaracus illum Floribus et dulci adspirans complectitur umbrā, Verg. A. 1, 694: adspirant aurae in noctem, rise at or toward night, id. ib. 7, 8: si minuma adspirat aura, Plin. 13, 22, 43, § 124: tibia adspirat choro, accompanies, Hor. A. P. 204 al. Trop.: alicui, to be favorable to, to favor, assist (the figure taken from a fair breeze): aspira mihi, Tib. 2, 1, 35: quibus aspirabat Amor, id. 2, 3, 71: adspirat primo fortuna labori, Verg. A. 2, 385: adspirate canenti, id. ib. 9, 525: di, coeptis adspirate meis, Ov. M. 1, 3.
Also absol.: magno se praedicat auxilio fuisse, quia paululum in rebus difficillimis aspiravit, Auct. ad Her. 4, 34 (cf. afflo). To aspire to a person or thing, to desire to reach or obtain, i. e. to approach, come near (esp. with the access. idea of striving to attain to); constr. with ad, in with acc., the dat., a local adv., or absol. (class.; freq. in Cic.): qui prope ad ostium adspiraverint, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 4, 142: quid enim quisquam ad meam pecuniam me invito aspirat? quid accedit? Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 54 fin.; so id. Div. in Caecil. 5 fin.: tu ad eum Ciceronem numquam aspirasti, id. Pis. 5 fin.; so id. Fam. 7, 10: omnes aditus tuos interclusi, ut ad me adspirare non posses, id. Tusc. 5, 9, 27: aspirare in curiam, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 31: in campum, id. Sull. 18, 52: ne non modo intrare, verum etiam adspicere aut aspirare possim, id. Caecin. 14; Col. 8, 14, 9: nec equis adspirat Achillis, Verg. A. 12, 352: sed non incendia Colchis adspirare sinit, Val. Fl. 7, 584.
Trop.: sed haec ad eam laudem, quam volumus, aspirare non possunt, arrive at, attain to, Cic. Or. 41, 140: bellicā laude aspirare ad Africanum nemo potest, id. Brut. 21, 84: haec etiam in equuleum coniciuntur, quo vita non adspirat beata, id. Tusc. 5, 5, 13; Gell. 14, 3, 10. In gram., to give the h sound, to aspirate (cf. aspiratio, II. B.): consonantibus, Quint. 1, 5, 20: Graeci aspirare solent, id. 1, 4, 14; Nigid. ap. Gell. 13, 6, 3. Act. To breathe or blow upon, to infuse, instil; lit. and trop. (poet. or in post-Aug. prose): Juno ventos adspirat eunti, sends favoring winds, Verg. A. 5, 607: adspiravit auram quandam salutis fortuna, Amm. 19, 6: dictis divinum amorem, Verg. A. 8, 373: novam pectoribus fidem, Claud. Fesc. 14, 16: nobis tantum ingenii aspiret, Quint. 4 prooem. § 4.
* To breathe or blow upon; trop. of the sea, to wash: insula adspiratur freto Gallico, is washed, Sol. 22.

aspis
aspis, ĭdis, f. (acc. Gr. aspida, Luc. 9, 701; plur. aspidas, Cic. N. D. 3, 19, 47) [ἀσπίς, com. shield, rarely an asp; this order of frequency is reversed in Lat.]. The asp, viper: Coluber, Linn.; Plin. 29, 4, 18, § 65: aspide ad corpus admoto, Cic. Rab. Post. 9: si scieris aspidem occulte latere uspiam, id. Fin. 2, 18, 59; Isid. Orig. 12, 4, 12. A shield, = ἀσπίς, Just. Nov. 85 fin.

asportatio
asportātĭo, ōnis, f. asporto, a carrying away: signorum, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 49 fin.