AC AC, a Latin root, denoting () sharp and () quick, kindred with the Greek ἄκρος and ὠκ‐ύς, Sanscr. ācu (= celeriter). Hence the Latin acer, acies, acuo, acus, acutus, aquila, accipiter, acupedius (prob. also equus), ocior, and oculus.
academia ăcădēmī^a, ae, f., = ἀκαδήμεια, and less correctly ἀκαδημία, the Academy, a gymnasium about six stadia from Athens, named after the hero Academos or Echedemos (cf. Plut. Thes. 31), celebrated as the place where Plato taught; whence his scholars were called Academici, and his doctrine Philosophia Academica, in distinction from Stoica, Cynica, etc., Cic. de Or. 1, 21, 98; id. Or. 3, 12; id. Fin. 5, 1, 1 al.Meton. For The philosophy of the Academy: instaret academia, quae quidquid dixisses, id te ipsum scire negaret,Cic. de Or. 1, 10, 43; id. Off. 3, 4, 20 al.: Academia vetus,id. Ac. 1, 4, 18; id. Fin. 5, 8, 21: recens,id. Leg. 1, 13, 39; cf. recentior,id. de Or. 3, 18, 68; and adulescentior,id. Fam. 9, 8, 1: nova,id. Ac. 1, 12, 46 al. Cicero, as a partisan of the Academic philosophy, named his estate, on the way from Lake Avernus to Puteoli, Academia; there also he wrote the Academica. He had another Academia at his Tusculan Villa, Cic. Tusc. 2, 3; 3, 3; id. Att. 1, 4, 3 al. (The i long, Cic. Div. 1, 13, 22; Tull. Laurea ap. Plin. 31, 2, 3, § 8; short,Claud. de Cons. Mall. Theod. 94; Sid. 15, 120.)
Academice Ăcădēmĭcē, ēs, in Cic. Att. 13, 16; better written as Greek, Ἀκαδημικὴ σύνταξις, i. e. Academica, the Academics, v. academicus.
academicus ăcădēmĭcus, a, um, adj., = ἀκαδημικός, relating to the Academy, Academic: philosophi,Gell. 11, 5. Hence, subst.: ăcă-dēmĭcus, i, m., an Academic philosopher, Cic. N. D. 2, 1, 1; and in plur., id. ib. 1, 1, 1; id. Ac. 2, 44; id. Fin. 2, 11, 34 al.; hence quaestio,
Academus Ăcădēmus, i, m., = Ἀκάδημος, a Grecian hero, from whom the Academia near Athens is said to have derived its name: inter silvas Academi,Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 45.
acalanthis ăcălanthis, ĭdis, f., = ἀκαλανθίς, i. q. acanthis, a very small bird of a darkgreen color; according to Voss, the thistlefinch, goldfinch, Verg. G. 3, 338.
acalephe ăcălēphē, ēs, f., = ἀκαλήφη, a nettle, Macer. de Virt. Herb. 2, 2.
acanthis ăcanthis, ĭdis, f., = ἀκανθίς. A little bird of a dark-green color, that lives in the thorn bushes, the thistle-finch or goldfinch (pure Lat. carduelis): Fringilla carduelis, Linn.; Plin. 10, 63, 83, § 175; 10, 74, 95, § 205.A plant, called also senecio, groundsel, Plin. 25, 13, 106, § 168.
Acastus Ăcastus, i, m., = Ἄκαστος. Son of Pelias, king of Thessaly, husband of Astydamia or Cretheis, and father of Laodamia, Ov. M. 8, 306; 11, 410 al.The name of one of Cicero's slaves, Cic. Att. 7, 1 al.
acatalecticus ăcătălēctĭcus, a, um, = ἀκαταληκ‐τικός,ăcătălēctus, ἀκαταληκ‐τός, in prosody, a verse in which no syllable is wanting in the last foot (opp. catalecticus), Diom. p. 501 P.; Prisc. 1216 P.
acatus ăcătus, i, f., = ἄκατος, a light vessel or boat (pure Latin, actuaria), Tert. adv. Marc. 5, 1 med.
acaunumarga acaunumarga, ae, f.a Celtic word from agaunum, stone, a kind of marl, perhaps stone-marl, Plin. 17, 7, 4, § 44.
acaustus ăcaustus, a, um, adj., = ἄκαυστος, incombustible; hence subst. m. (sc. lapis), the carbuncle, since it was regarded as incombustible: acaustoe (i. e. ἄκαυστοι), Plin. 37, 7, 25, § 92; v. Sill. a. h. l.
Acbarus Acbărus, i, m., a title of the Arabian kings, among the Greeks and Romans, Tac. A. 12, 12; also written Abgarus and Abgar, Capit. Anton. 9; Inscr. Orell. no. 921.
Acca Acca, ae, f.cf. Sct. accā = mater, and the Gr. Ἀκκώ = mater Cereris. Lā-rentĭa, the wife of the shepherd Faustulus, who nursed and brought up the twins Romulus and Remus; mother of the twelve Arvales Fratres, Varr. L. L. 6, 23; Gell. 6, 7. In her honor the Romans celebrated in December a feast called Lārentālĭa, or Accālĭa (v. Larentia).A companion of Camilla, Verg. A. 11, 820.
Accalia Accālĭa, ĭum, n., v.the preced. word and Larentia.
accano ac-căno or ac-cĭno, to sing to or with any thing, acc. to Varr. L. L. 6, § 75 Müll., and Diom. p. 425 P.
accanto ac-canto, āre, 1, v. n., to sing at: tumulis,Stat. Silv. 4, 4, 55.
accantus accantus, ūs, m., = accentus, Mart. Cap. 3, p. 60; Bed. de Metris, p. 2358 Putsch.
accedenter accēdenter, adv.accedo, i. q. prope, nearly, Cassiod. (?).
accedo ac-cēdo, cessi, cessum, 3, v. n. (perf. sync., accēstis, Verg. A. 1, 201), to go or come to or near, to approach (class.). Lit. In gen., constr. with ad, in, the local adverbs, the acc., dat., infin., or absol. With ad: accedam ad hominem,Plaut. Mil. 2, 6, 14; so, ad aedīs,id. Amph. 1, 1, 108: ad flammam,Ter. Andr. 1, 1, 103: omnīs ad aras,
,Nep. Eum. 5, 2; Liv. 2, 30, 12: ad corpus alicujus,Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 2, 2: Atque accedit muros Romana juventus, Enn. ap. Gell. 10, 29 (Ann. v. 527 ed. Vahl.): hostīs accedere ventis navibus velivolis, id. ap. Macr. S. 6, 5 (Ann. v. 380 ib.); and, in malam part.,Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 22.Mercant. t. t.: accedere ad hastam,
to attend an auction
,Nep. Att. 6, 3; Liv. 43, 16, 2. In late Lat.: ad manus (different from ad manum, B. 1), to be admitted to kiss hands, Capit. Maxim. 5. Fig. In gen., to come near to, to approach: haud invito ad aurīs sermo mi accessit,Ter. Hec. 3, 5, 32; so, clemens quidam sonus aurīs ejus accedit,App. M. 5, p. 160: si somnus non accessit,Cels. 3, 18; cf.: febris accedit,id. 3, 3 sq.: ubi accedent anni,Hor. S. 2, 2, 85; cf.: accedente senectā,id. Ep. 2, 2, 211. In partic. To come to or upon one, to happen to, to befall (a meaning in which it approaches so near to accĭdo that in many passages it has been proposed to change it to the latter; cf. Ruhnk. Rut. Lup. 1, p. 3; 2, p. 96; Dictat. in Ter. p. 222 and 225); constr. with ad or (more usually) with dat.: voluntas vostra si ad poëtam accesserit,Ter. Phorm. prol. 29: num tibi stultitia accessit?
,Plin. Ep. 6, 19, 1. Absol.: plura accedere debent,Lucr. 2, 1129: accedit mors,Cic. Fin. 1, 18, 60; id. de Or. 2, 17, 73: quae jacerent in tenebris omnia, nisi litterarum lumen accederet,id. Arch. 6, 14 (so, not accenderet, is to be read). If a new thought is to be added, it is expressed by accedit with quod (add to this, that, etc.) when it implies a logical reason, but with ut (beside this, it happens that, or it occurs that) when it implies an historical fact (cf. Zumpt, § 621 and 626): accedit enim, quod patrem amo,Cic. Att. 13, 21: so Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 2; Cic. Rosc. Am. 8, 22; id. Att. 1, 92 al.; Caes. B. G. 3, 2; 4, 16; Sall. C. 11, 5; on the other hand: huc accedit uti, etc.,Lucr. 1, 192, 215, 265 al.: ad App. Claudii senectutem accedebat etiam ut caecus esset,Cic. de Sen. 6, 16; so id. Tusc. 1, 19, 43; id. Rosc. Am. 31, 86; id. Deiot. 1, 2; Caes. B. G. 3, 13; 5, 16 al. When several new ideas are added, they are introduced by res in the plur.: cum ad has suspiciones certissimae res accederent: quod per fines Sequanorum Helvetios transduxisset; quod obsides inter eos dandos curāsset; quod ea omnia, etc.,Caes. B. G. 1, 19. Sometimes the historical idea follows accedit, without ut: ad haec mala hoc mihi accedit etiam: haec Andria ... gravida e Pamphilo est,Ter. Andr. 1, 3, 11: accedit illud: si maneo ... cadendum est in unius potestatem,Cic. Att. 8, 3, 1.To give assent to, accede to, assent to, to agree with, to approve of; constr. with ad or dat. (with persons only, with dat.): accessit animus ad meam sententiam,Plaut. Aul. 2, 7, 13; so Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 28, § 69; Nep. Milt. 3, 5: Galba speciosiora suadentibus accessit,Tac. H. 1, 34; so Quint. 9, 4, 2 al.To come near to in resemblance, to resemble, be like; with ad or dat. (the latter most freq., esp. after Cic.): homines ad Deos nulla re propius accedunt quam salutem hominibus dando,Cic. Lig. 12: Antonio Philippus proximus accedebat,id. Brut. 147; cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 3; id. de Or. 1, 62, 263; id. Ac. 2, 11, 36 al.To enter upon, to undertake; constr. with ad or in: in eandem infamiam,Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 84: ad bellorum pericula,Cic. Balb. 10: ad poenam,
accendium accendĭum, ii, n.accendo, a kindling, a setting on fire, Sol. 5 fin.
accendo accendo, ōnis, m.2. accendo, an inciter, instigator; read by Salmasius in Tert. de Pall. 6, where the old reading cerdo is to be preferred.
accendo ac-cendo, ndi, nsum, 3, v. a.cf. candeo, prop. to kindle any thing above, so that it may burn downwards (on the contr., succendere, to kindle underneath, so that it may burn upwards; and incendere, to set fire to on every side) (class., esp. in the trop. signif., very freq.). Lit., to set on fire, to kindle, light: ut Pergama accensa est, Liv. Andr. ap. Non. 512, 31 (Rib. Trag. Rel. p. 1): faces accensae,Cic. Pis. 5: lumen de suo lumine, to kindle, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 16, 51 (Trag. v. 388 ed. Vahl.); cf.: ita res accendent lumina rebus,Lucr. 1 fin.; and: Deus solem quasi lumen accendit,Cic. Univ. 9, 28; so, ignem,Verg. A. 5, 4 al.Meton., to light up, to illuminate: luna radiis solis accensa,Cic. Rep. 6, 17 (cf. id. N. D. 1, 31, 87); so of the lustre of gold: et gemmis galeam clypeumque accenderat auro,Sil. 15, 681 (but in Cic. Arch. 6, 14, the correct read. is accederet, v. Halm a. h. l.). Fig., to inflame a person or thing (by any thing), to set on fire, to kindle, to incite, rouse up; aliquem or aliquid aliqua re: placare hostem ferocem inimiciterque accensum, Att. ap. Non. 514, 22: quos meritā accendit Mezentius irā,Verg. A. 8, 50: nunc prece nunc dictis virtutem accendit amaris,id. ib. 10, 368 (7, 482, bello animos accendit, is more properly dat.). That to which one is excited is denoted by ad: ad dominationem accensi sunt,Sall. Jug. 31, 16; the person against whom one is excited, by in or contra: in maritum accendebat,Tac. A. 1, 53: quae res Marium contra Metellum vehementer accenderat,Sall. J. 64, 4; with quare c. subj.: accendis quare cupiam magis illi proximus esse,Hor. S. 1, 9, 53. The historians use this word very often, esp. with abstract substt.: certamen,Liv. 35, 10: discordiam,id. 2, 29: spem,Tac. Ann. 12, 34 (cf. Verg. A. 5, 183): dolorem,id. ib. 15, 1 al. In Cic. de Or. 1, 25, 114, praeclare enim se res habeat, si haec accendi aut commoveri arte possint, accendi is obviously the first enkindling, rousing, of talent (syn. with commoveri); cf. id. de Or. 2, 47; id. Phil. 3, 7. And so perhaps Sen. Ben. 7, 9: crystallina ... quorum accendit fragilitas pretium, signifies vessels of crystal, whose fragility gives them value (in the eyes of luxurious men).
accenseo ac-censĕo (ŭi), nsum, 2, v. a., to reckon to or among, to add to; as a verb. finit. very rare: numine sub dominae lateo atque accenseor illi,i. e.
I am her companion
,Ov. M. 15, 546; and: accensi, qui his accensebantur, id est attribuebantur, Non. 520, 7. But hence in frequent use, ac-census, a, um, P. a., reckoned among, or subst.accensus, i., m.One who attends another of higher rank, an attendant, follower; hence, a state officer who attended one of the highest magistrates (consul, proconsul, praetor, etc.) at Rome or in the provinces, for the purpose of summoning parties to court, maintaining order and quiet during its sessions, and proclaiming the hours; an apparitor, attendant, orderly (on account of this office, Varr. 6, § 89 Müll., would derive the word from accieo), Varr. ap. Non. 59, 2 sq.; Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 4 and 7; id. Att. 4, 16; Liv. 45, 29, 2; Suet. Caes. 20 al. The person to whom one is accensus is annexed in dat. or gen.: qui tum accensus Neroni fuit,Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 28: libertus, accensus Gabinii,id. Att. 4, 16, 12. The Decurions and Centurions also had their accensi as aids, Varr. L. L. 7, § 58 Müll.; also at funerals, as leader of the procession,Cic. Leg. 2, 24, 61. Cf. on the accensi, Necker's Antiq. 2, 2, p. 375 sq.accensi, a kind of reserve troops who followed the army as supernumeraries (= ascripticii, or, in later times, supernumerarii), to take the place of those who fell in battle. They had no arms, and were only clothed with the military cloak, and hence called velati: quia vestiti et inermes sequuntur exercitum, Paul. ex Fest. p. 369 Müll.; they used in battle only slings and stones. They were also employed in constructing public roads. Cf. Mommsen, Degli Accensi Velati, in Annali del. Inst. vol. xxi. (1849), p. 209 sq.; and Necker's Antiq. 3, 2, p. 242 sq.
accensibilis accensĭbĭlis, e, adj., prop. that may be burnt, but in the one place where it occurs, it is act., burning: Non accessistis ad accensibilem ignem,Vulg. Hebr. 12, 18.
accensus accensus, a, um. Part. of accendo, kindled.P. a. of accenseo, reckoned among;v.these words.
accentiuncula accentĭuncŭla, ae, dim. f. [accentus], accent, Gell. 13, 6, as a transl. of the Gr. προσωδία.
accentor ac-centor, ōris, m.ad + cantor, one who sings with another, Isid. Orig. 6, 19, 3.
accentus accentus, ūs, m.accino, the attuning a thing; henceLit. In gen., a blast, signal (late Lat.): aeneatorum accentu,Amm. 16, 12, 36: id. 24, 4, 22; acutissimi tibiarum, Solin. 5 fin. In gramm., the accentuation of a word, accent, tone (post-Aug.): accentus, quos Graeci προσωδίας vocant (so that it is a lit. transl. of the Gr. word, πρός = ad, and ᾠδή = cantus), Quint. 1, 5, 22; 12, 10, 33; Diom. p. 425 Putsch. Fig., intensity, violence: hiemis,Sid. Ep. 4, 6: doloris,Marc. Emp. 36.
accepso accepso, per sync. for accepero, v. accipio.
accepta accepta, ae, f.accipio (sc. pars), a portion of land granted to an individual by the state, Sicul. Fl. p. 22 Goed. al.
acceptabilis acceptābĭlis, e, adj.accepto, acceptable, worthy of acceptance (eccl. Lat.), Tert. de Or. 7 al.
acceptator acceptātor, ōris, m.id., One who accepts or approves of a thing (Eccl.).An avenue, access, passage for admittance of the people, Inscr Orell. no. 6589.
acceptilatio acceptĭlātĭo, ōnis, also written separately, accepti latio, f.acceptum fero, a formal discharging from a debt (by the verbal declaration of the debtor: acceptum fero),Gai. 3, 169; id. 170; Dig. 4, 2, 9, § 2; 34, 3, 3, § 3; id. Lex. 5, § 3 al.; cf. Rein's Privatrecht, p. 359.
acceptio acceptĭo, ōnis, f.accipio. A taking, receiving, or accepting: neque deditionem neque donationem sine acceptione intellegi posse, * Cic. Top. 8, 37: frumenti,Sall. J. 29, 4. In later philos. lang.: the acceptance, i. e. the granting of a proposition, Pseudo App. Dogm. Plat. 3, p. 34 med.An esteeming, regarding: of a thing, Cod. Th. 1, 9, 2; of a person: personarum,Vulg. Paral. 2, 19, 7 (transl. of); cf. 1. acceptor, no. II. B.
acceptito acceptĭto, āre, doub. freq. v. a. [fr. accepto, and that fr. accipio], to take, receive, accept: stipendium, Plaut. ap. Non. 134, 29.
acceptor acceptor, ōris, m.id.. One who receives a thing (post-class.): donationis, Cod. T. 8, 56, 10. Hence, absol., a receiver, collector, Inscr. Orell. no. 3199 and 7205. Fig. One who receives a thing as true, grants or approves it, Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 167.One who unjustly regards the person, Eccl.
acceptor acceptor, ōris, m., = accipiter, a hawk: exta acceptoris, Lucil. ap. Charis. p. 76 P.
acceptorius acceptōrĭus, a, um. adj.acceptor, that is fit or suitable for receiving: modulus, for drawing water, Frontin. de Aq. 34 fin.
acceptrix acceptrix, īcis, f.id., she that receives: neque datori neque acceptrici,Plaut. Truc. 2, 7, 18.
acceptum acceptum, i, n., v. accipio, II. E.
acceptus acceptus, a, um, v. accipio, P. a.
accerso accerso, ĕre, v. arcesso init.
accessa accessa, ae, f., in later Lat. = accessus, the flood-tide, lect. dub., Serv. ad Verg. A. 1, 244 (cf. Salmas. Exerc. p. 203).
,Cic. Off. 1, 39, 138; so id. Att. 16, 16. Thus Syphax is called, accessio Punici belli, as not being the chief enemy in the Punic war, but, as it were, an appendage to the war, Liv. 47, 7; so in Pliny: turbā gemmarum potamus et aurum jam accessio est, and gold is only accessory, a mere appendage, 33 prooem. fin. In rhetor., an addition that makes a definition complete: nisi adhiberet illam magnam accessionem,Cic. Ac. 2, 35, 112; so id. Fin. 2, 13.The addition to every kind of fee or tax (opp. decessio), Cato R. R. 144: decumae,Cic. Rab. 11; so Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 33, § 116 al.
accessito accessĭto, āre, doub. freq. v. [id.], to approach repeatedly: eodem ex agro, Cat. ap. Gell. 18, 12.
accessus accessus, a, um, Part. of accedo.
accessus accessus, ūs, m.accedo, a going or coming to or near, an approaching, approach (syn. aditus; opp. recessus, discessus). Lit.: accessus nocturnus ad urbem,Cic. Mil. 19: (bestiarum) ad res salutares (opp. recessus),id. N. D. 2, 12 fin.: accessus prohibet refugitque viriles,Ov. M. 14, 636: solisaccessus discessusque,Cic. N. D. 2, 7; of the tide,id. Div. 2, 14 fin.; of a disease,Gell. 4, 2; of soldiers: difficilis,Caes. B. Afr. 5: maritimus, from the sea: pedestris,
on the land side
,id. B. Alex. 26: loci,
to a place
,id. B. Hisp. 38.Transf.Poet. of permission to approach, access, admittance (cf. aditus): dare accessum alicui,Ov. Pont. 2, 2, 41: negare,id. Her. 10, 64.The place by which one approaches, a passage, an entrance (in sing. and plur.), Verg. A. 8, 229; Suet. Caes. 58; Flor. 2, 12, 5; for ships,Liv. 29, 27, 9. Fig. An approaching, approach: ita pedetemptim cum accessus a se ad causam facti, tum recessus,
accidens accĭdens, entis. P. a. fr. accĭdo. As subst. n.The accidental, nonessential quality of any thing, τὸ συμβεβηκός (opp. substantia, the Greek οὐσία): causa, tempus, locus, occasio . . . rerum sunt accidentia, the accidental or extraneous circumstances, Quint. 5, 10, 23; so 3, 6, 36; 4, 2, 130: ex accidentibus (= epithetis),id. 8, 3, 70; hence,
an adjective
,Macr. S. 1, 4.An accident or chance. In gen., Dig. 35, 2, 51: per accidens, accidentally, Firm. Math. 5, 4. In part., an unfortunate circumstance: accidentia (opp. prospera), Pseudo-Quint. Decl.
accidentia accĭdentĭa, ae, f.accĭdo, that which happens, a casual event, a chance: esse illam naturae accidentiam,Plin. 32, 2, 9, § 19; Tert. de Anim. 11 al.
accido ac-cīdo, cīdi, cīsum, 3, v. a.caedo, to begin to cut or to cut into [cf.: adamo, addubito, etc.); hence, so to cut a thing that it falls, to fell, to cut (as verb. finit. very rare). Lit.: accidunt arbores, tantum ut summa species earum stantium relinquatur,Caes. B. G. 6, 27, 4: accisa ornus ferro,Verg. A. 2, 626; cf.: velut accisis recrescenti stirpibus,Liv. 26, 41, 22: accisis crinibus,
accido ac-cĭdo, cīdi, no sup., 3, v. n.cado, to fall upon or down upon a thing, to reach it by falling.Lit. In gen. constr. with ad, in, local adverbs, with dat. or absol.: utinam ne accidisset abiegna ad terram trabes, Enn. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 22 (Trag. p. 281 ed. Vahl., where it is: accĕdisset, acc. to the MSS., v. Vahl. N. v.): signa de caelo ad terram,Plaut. Rud. prol. 8; so, tam crebri ad terram accidebant quam pira,id. Poen. 2, 38: trabs in humum accidens, Varr. ap. Non. 494 fin.; so, imago aetheris ex oris in terrarum accidat oras,Lucr. 4, 215: rosa in mensas,Ov. F. 5, 360: quo Castalia per struices saxeas lapsu accidit, Liv. Andr. ap. Fest. p. 310 Müll. (Rib. Trag. Rel. p. 5): ut missa tela gravius acciderent,
fall upon
,
hit
,Caes. B. G. 3, 14; so Liv. 2, 50, 7. Esp.: a. ad genua or genibus, of a suppliant, to fall at one's knees: me orat mulier lacrimansque ad genua accidit, Enn. ap. Non. 517, 15 (Com. v. 9 ed. Vahl.); so Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 18; Suet. Caes. 20; id. Claud. 10; for which: genibus praetoris,Liv. 44, 31; also: ad pedes,Cic. Att. 1, 14, 5, and absol.: quo accĭdam? quo applicem? Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 19, 44 (Trag. v. 114 ed. Vahl., where it is accĕdam).Transf., to strike the senses, to reach a thing by means of the senses; constr. with ad, the dat. or acc.: vox, sermo accidit ad aurīs (or auribus; also, aurīs alicujus), the voice, the speech falls upon or reaches the ear: nota vox ad aurīs accidit, Att. ap. Non. 39, 5: nova res molitur ad aurīs accidere,Lucr. 2, 1024; and: nihil tam populare ad populi Romani aurīs accidisse,Cic. Sest. 50, 107: auribus,Liv. 24, 46, 5; Quint. 12, 10, 75: aurīs,Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 31; absol., Liv. 10, 5, 2; 27, 15, 16 sq.; Curt. 4, 4, 5 al.; cf. also: clamor accidit ad aurīs,Liv. 26, 40, 10; and absol.: clamor accidit,id. 4, 33, 9; 40, 32, 2; likewise: nomen famaque alicujus accidit ad aliquem,id. 21, 10, 12; v. Fabri ad h. l. Hence sometimes in Livy: vox or fama accidit (ad aurīs or ad aliquem), with an acc. c. inf.: ut vox etiam ad hostes accideret captum Cominium esse,Liv. 10, 41, 7: quia repente fama accidit classem Punicam adventare,
the report came
,id. 27, 29, 7; v. Weissenb. a. h. l. Fig. In gen., to fall out, come to pass, happen, occur; and with dat. pers., to happen to, to befall one. (The distinction between the syn. evenio, accido, and contingo is this: evenio, i. e. ex-venio, is used of either fortunate or unfortunate events: accido, of occurrences which take us by surprise; hence it is used either of an indifferent, or, which is its general use, of an unfortunate occurrence: contingo, i. e. contango, indicates that an event accords with one's wishes; and hence is generally used of fortunate events. As Isid. says, Differ. 1: Contingunt bona: accidunt mala: eveniunt utraque): res accidit,Caes. B. G. 1, 14; Id acciderat, ut Galli consilium caperent,ib. 3, 2: si quid adversi acciderit,Cic. Ac. 2, 38, 121; cf. ib. 1, 26, 57: nollem accidisset tempus, in quo, etc.,id. Fam. 3, 10: si qua calamitas accidisset,Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 55: id. Rosc. Am. 34: contra opinionem accidit,Caes. B. G. 3, 9: pejus Sequanis accidit,ib. 1, 31: periculum accidit,ib. 3, 3: detrimentum accidit,ib. 7, 52. Also of fortunate occurrences: omnia tibi accidisse gratissima,Cic. Fam. 3, 1; 11, 15: accidit satis opportune,Caes. B. G. 4, 22; cf. Brem. Nep. Milt. 1, 1; Herz. Caes. B. G. 7, 3. Constr. with ut (Zumpt, § 621), sometimes with quod: accidit perincommode, quod eum nusquam vidisti,Cic. Att. 1, 17; or with inf.: nec enim acciderat mihi opus esse,id. Fam. 6, 11. Pleonast. in narrations: accidit ut, it happened, or came to pass, that: accidit ut una nocte omnes Hermae dejicerentur, it happened that, etc., Nep. Alc. 3, 2; so Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 8; id. Att. 1, 5, 4 al. In part. Si quid cui accidat, or si quid humanitus accidat, euphemist. for to die; if any thing should happen to one (for which Ennius says: si quid me fuerit humanitus, Ann. v. 128 ed. Vahl.): si quid pupillo accidisset,Cic. Inv. 2, 21; Caes. B. G. 1, 18; si quid mihi humanitus accidisset,Cic. Phil. 1, 4; Dig. 34, 4, 30 § 2 al. (cf. the Greek εἴ τι πάθοι); so, per aposiopesin, sive quod heu timeo, sive superstes eris, Ov. Her. 13, 164. (But Cic. Mil. 22, 58; Caes. B. G. 2, 35, and similar passages, are to be taken in the usual signif.)To turn out (this very rare): timeo “incertum” hoc quorsum accidat,Ter. And. 1, 5, 29: si secus acciderit,Cic. Fam. 6, 21, 2. In gram., to belong to: plurima huic (verbo) accidunt (i. e. genus, tempora),Quint. 1, 5, 41 al.
accieo ac-cĭĕo, ēre, 2, v. a., old form for accio, ire, to fetch, to bring: ego illum huc acciebo,Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 61; dub. (Ritschl and Fleckeisen: oneratum runcinabo).
accinctus accinctus, a, um, P. a. of
accingo ac-cingo, nxi, nctum, 3, v. a.Lit., to gird to or on, to gird round or about (in prose, first after the Aug. per.; in poetry, a favorite word with Verg.): lateri ensem,Verg. A. 11, 489; and med., to gird one's self: accingitur ense,id. ib. 7, 640; cf.: quo (ense) fuit accinctus,Ov. M. 6, 551; so, ferro,Tac. A. 6, 2.Transf., to arm, equip, furnish, provide: facibus pubes accingitur,Verg. A. 9, 74: gladiis accincti,Liv. 40, 13; hence: accinctus miles,
an armed soldier
,Tac. A. 11, 18: ornat Phraaten accingitque (sc. diademate imposito) paternum ad fastigium,id. ib. 6, 32: accinctus gemmis fuigentibus ensis,Val. Fl. 3, 514. Fig. In gen., to endow, provide; in medicine: magicas accingier artes,
to have recourse to
,Verg. A. 4, 493. In part.: accingere se or accingi, to enter upon or undertake a thing, girded, i. e. well prepared, to prepare one's self, make one's self ready (taken from the girding of the flowing robes when in active occupation); constr. absol., with ad, in, dat., or inf.: tibi omne est exedendum, accingere,
make yourself ready
,Ter. Ph. 2, 2, 4; so id. Eun. 5, 9, 30; Lucr. 2, 1043: illi se praedae accingunt,Verg. A. 1, 210: accingi ad consulatum,Liv. 4, 2; in Tac. very often actively, to make any one ready for something: turmas peditum ad munia accingere, A. 12, 31: accingi ad ultionem,id. H. 4, 79: in audaciam,id. ib. 3, 66 al.; with inf.: accingar dicere pugnas Caesaris,Verg. G. 3, 46; so: navare operam,Tac. A. 15, 51. Also in the active form, as v. neutr. = se accingere: age, anus, accinge ad molas, Pompon. ap. Non. 469, 28 (Rib. Com. Rel. p. 235): accingunt omnes operi,
all go vigorously to the work
,Verg. A. 2, 235. Hence, ac-cinctus, a, um, P. a., well girded.Lit.: cujus aut familiaris habitus condecentior aut militaris accinctior, Auson. Grat. Act. 27. Fig., ready, strict (opp. negligens): tam in omnia pariter intenta bonitas et accincta,Plin. Pan. 30 fin.: comitatus,id. ib. 20, 3.
accino ac-cĭno, ĕre, v. n.cano, to sing to any thing, acc. to Diom. p. 425 P.; cf. accano.
accio ac-cĭo, īvi, ītum, 4, v. a., to call or summon, to fetch (rare but class.). Lit.: cujus vos tumulti causā accicrim, Att. ap. Non. 484, 7 (Rib. Trag. Rel. p. 199): horriferis accibant vocibus Orcum,Lucr. 5, 996: tu invita mulieres, ego accivero pueros,Cic. Att. 5, 1, 3; 13, 48, 1; id. de Or. 3, 35, 141; Sall. J. 108; Liv. 2, 6; Tac. A. 1, 5 al. Fig.: accire mortem,
,id. ib. 14, 20 (but in Cic. Fin. 5, 31, 93, the read. acciret is very doubtful; v. Madv. a. h. l.; Klotz reads faceret; B. and K., crearet.).
accipenser accipenser, v. acipenser.
accipio ac-cĭpĭo, cēpi, ceptum, 3, v. a. (fut. perf. accepso = accepero, Pac. ap. Non. 74, 31, or Rib. Trag. Rel. 118) [capio], to accept. In gen., to take a person or thing to one's self: leno ad se accipiet hominem et aurum, will take the man and his money to himself (into his house), Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 51. Of things received by the hand, to take, receive: cette manus vestras measque accipite, Enn. ap. Non. 85, 1 (Trag. v. 320 ed. Vahl.): ex tua accepi manu pateram,Plaut. Amph. 2, 2, 132; hence, trop. of the word given, the promise, with which a grasping of the hand was usually connected: accipe daque fidem, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 33 ed. Vahl.; so in the Gr. πιστὰ δοῦναι καὶ λαβεῖν); cf. Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 87; so Verg. A. 8, 150; in Ter. of a person to be protected: hanc (virginem) accepi, acceptam servabo,Ter. And. 1, 5, 62; cf. Cic. Fam. 7, 5, and Sall. C. 6, 5, Of things received or taken by different parts of the body: accipite hoc onus in vestros collos, Cato ap. Non. 200, 23: gremio,Verg. A. 1, 685: oculis aut pectore noctem (i. e. somnum),id. ib. 4, 531. In gen., very freq., as implying action, to take, to take possession of, to accept (Gr. δέχεσθαι); of something that falls to one's share, to get, to receive, to be the recipient of (Gr. λαμβάνειν).To take, accept: hanc epistulam accipe a me,
,id. Timoth. 1, 1; id. Att. 1: accipe et haec, manuum tibi quae monumenta mearum sint,Verg. A. 3, 486 al. Hence to receive or entertain as guest: haec (tellus) fessos placidissima portu accipit,Verg. A. 3, 78: Laurentes nymphae, accipite Aenean,id. ib. 8, 71; 155; Ov. M. 8, 655 al. Of admittance to political privileges: Nomentani et Pedani in civitatem accepti,Liv. 8, 14; cf. Cic. Off. 1, 11, 35: magnifice volo summos viros accipere,Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 34: in loco festivo sumus festive accepti,id. ib. 5, 19; so id. Cist. 1, 1, 12; id. Men. 5, 2, 44; id. Pers. 1, 1, 32, etc.; Ter. Eun. 5, 9, 52; Lucr. 3, 907; Cic. Att. 16, 6; Ov. F. 2, 725 al. Hence also ironically, to entertain, to treat, deal with: ego te miseris jam accipiam modis,Plaut. Aul. 4, 4, 3: hominem accipiam quibus dictis maeret,id. Men. 5, 1, 7: indignis acceptus modis,Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 12. Perh. also Lucil. ap. Non. 521, 1: adeo male me accipiunt decimae, treat or use me ill, deal harshly with me; and ib. 240, 8: sic, inquam, veteratorem illum vetulum lupum Hannibalem acceptum (Non. explains the latter in a very unusual manner, by deceptum).To get, to receive, to be the recipient of, Pac. ap. Non. 74, 31; Lucr. 1, 819, 909; 2, 762, 885, 1009: ictus,id. 4, 1048 (cf. Verg. A. 3, 243: vulnera accipiunt tergo): aridior nubes accipit ignem, takes or catches fire, Lucr. 6, 150; Caes. B. G. 1, 48: humanitatem iis tribuere debemus, a quibus accepimus,Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 9: pecuniam ob rem judicandam,Cic. Verr. 1, 38: luna lumen solis accipit,id. de Or. 3, 45; cf. Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 17: praeclarum accepimus a majoribus morem,Cic. Off. 3, 10, 44: praecepta, Caes. B. G. 2, 6: accepi tuas litteras (in another sense than above), I have received your letter, it has reached me (allatae sunt ad me), Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 14; 2, 1, 1; 10, 1 al.: acceptā injuriā ignoscere quam persequi malebant,Sall. C. 9, 3; Caes. B. G. 2, 33: calamitatem,ib. 1, 31: detrimenta,ib. 5, 22; cf. Cic. Mur. 21, 44 al. So often of dignities and offices: provinciam,id. Fam. 2, 10, 2: consulatum,Suet. Aug. 10: Galliam,id. Caes. 22 al. In partic. To take a thing by hearing, i. e., To hear, to perceive, to observe, to learn (cf. opp. do = I give in words, i. e. I say): hoc simul accipe dictum, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38 (Ann. v. 204): quod ego inaudivi, accipite, Pac. ap. Non. 126, 22 (Rib. Trag. Rel. p. 81): hoc etiam accipe quod dico, Lucil. ap. Non. 240, 1: carmen auribus,Lucr. 4, 983 (so id. 6, 164); 1, 270; cf. Verg. A. 2, 65: voces,Lucr. 4, 613 (so 6, 171): si te aequo animo ferre accipiet,Ter. And. 2, 3, 23: quae gerantur, accipies ex Pollione,Cic. Fam. 1, 6; 1, 9, 4; Liv. 1, 7. Hence very freq. in the histt., to get or receive intelligence of any thing, to learn: urbem Romam, sicuti ego accepi, condidere atque habuere initio Trojani,
as I have learned
,Sall. C. 6, 1, and so al.To comprehend or understand any thing communicated: haud satis meo corde accepi querelas tuas,Plaut. Cas. 2, 2, 18: et si quis est, qui haec putet arte accipi posse,Cic. de Or. 1, 25, 114: ut non solum celeriter acciperet, quae tradebantur, etc.,Nep. Att. 1, 3; so Quint. 1, 3, 3; 2, 9, 3 al. With the accessory idea of judging, to take a thing thus or thus, to interpret or explain, usually constr. with ad or in c. acc.: quibus res sunt minus secundae . . . ad contumeliam omnia accipiunt magis,
the more unfortunate one is
,
the more inclined is he to regard every thing as an insult
,id. And. 2, 2, 30: quae sibi quisque facilia factu putat, aequo animo accipit,Sall. C. 3, 2. Hence: accipere aliquid omen, or in omen, to regard a thing as a (favorable) omen, to accept the omen (cf. δέχεσθαι τὸν οἰωνόν), Cic. Div. 1, 46, 103; 2, 40, 83; Liv. 1, 7, 11; 21, 63fin.; Tac. H. 1, 62; id. A. 1, 28; 2, 13; Flor. 4, 12, 14 al. Hence poet.: accipio agnoscoque deos,Verg. A. 12, 260; cf. Ov. M. 7, 620.To take a thing upon one's self, to undertake (syn. suscipio): accipito hanc ad te litem,Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 23: meā causā causam accipite, Ter. Hec. alt. prol. 47; cf. Cic. Fam. 7, 24; so Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 22; Quint. 20 al. Hence also, To bear, endure, suffer any thing disagreeable or troublesome: hanccine ego ut contumeliam tam insignem ad me accipiam!Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 1: nil satis firmi video, quamobrem accipere hunc me expediat metum,id. Heaut. 2, 3, 96; 5, 1, 59; id. Eun. 4, 6, 24; id. Ad. 2, 1, 53; id. Ph. 5, 2, 4; Cic. Tusc. 5, 19, 56: calamitatem,id. Off. 3, 26: injuriam,id. ib. 1, 11 al.To accept a thing, to be satisfied with, to approve: dos, Pamphile, est decem talenta; Pam.: Accipio,Ter. And. 5, 4, 48: accepit condicionem, dein quaestum accipit,id. ib. 1, 1, 52: visa ista ... accipio iisque interdum etiam assentior, nec percipio tamen,Cic. Ac. 2, 20, 66: preces suas acceptas ab dis immortalibus ominati,Liv. 42, 30, 8 Drak. Cf. Herz, Caes. B. G. 5, 1: “equi te esse feri similem, dico.” Ridemus et ipse Messius: “accipio.” I allow it, Exactly so, Hor. S. 1, 5, 58. In mercant. lang., t. t., to receive or collect a sum: pro quo (frumento) cum a Varinio praetore pecuniam accepisset,Cic. Fl. 45; hence subst.: acceptum, i, n., the receipt, and in account-books the credit side: in acceptum referre alicui,
to carry over to the credit side
,
to place to one's credit
,Cic. Verr. 1, 36, 57; id. Rosc. Com. 2; id. Phil. 2, 16; id. Caec. 6, 17; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 234 (opp. datum or expensum). Hence also trop., to owe or be indebted to one, in a good or a bad sense: ut esset nemo qui non mihi vitam suam, liberos, remp. referret acceptam,Cic. Phil. 2, 5: omnia mala, quae postea vidimus, uni accepta referemus Antonio,
ascribe
,id. ib. 22; Caes. B. G. 8, 58; id. B. C, 3, 57: Acceptum refero versibus, esse nocens, Ov. Trist. 2, 10. In the gram m., to take a word or phrase thus or thus, to explain a word in any manner: adversus interdum promiscue accipitur,Charis. p. 207 P. al. (Syn. nanciscor and adipiscor: he to whom something is given, accipit; he who gets by a fortunate occurrence, nanciscitur; he who obtains it by exertion, adipiscitur. “Sumimus ipsi: accipimus ab alio,” Vel. Long. p. 2243 P. “Inter tenere, sumere et accipere hoc interest, quod tenemus quae sunt in nostra potestate: sumimus posita: accipimus data,” Isid. Diff. 1). Hence, acceptus, a, um, P. a., welcome, agreeable, acceptable (syn. gratus. Acceptus is related to gratus, as the effect to the cause; he who is gratus, i. e. dear, is on that account acceptus, welcome, acceptable; hence the usual position: gratus atque acceptus). First, of persons: essetne apud te is servus acceptissimus?Plaut. Cap. 3, 5, 56: plebi acceptus erat,Caes. B. G. 1, 13; acceptus erat in oculis,Vulg. 1 Reg. 18, 5. Of things: dis et hominibus est acceptum quod, etc.,Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 5: quod vero approbaris. id gratum acceptumque habendum,Cic. Tusc. 5, 15, 45: munus eorum gratum acceptumque esse,Nep. Hann. 7, 3: quorum mihi dona accepta et grata habeo,Plaut. Truc. 2, 7, 56: rem populo Romano gratam acceptamque,Cic. Phil. 13, 50; tempore accepto exaudivi,Vulg. 2 Cor. 6, 2. Comp., Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 96; Cic. Rep. 6, 13; Tac. A. 6, 45 al. Sup., see above. Adv.accepte does not occur.
accipiter accĭpĭter, tris (earlier also tĕris, Prisc. p. 695 P.), m. (f.Lucr. 4, 1006) [com. deriv. from accipio; see 2. acceptor; but cf. ὠκύπτερος, swift-winged], a general name for birds of prey, esp. those of the falcon kind, Plin. 10, 8, 9, § 21; Ter. Ph. 2, 2, 16; Lucr. 5, 107; Cic. N. D. 3, 19; Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 50 al. In partic. The common hawk, Falco Palumbarius, Linn.; Hor. C. 1, 37, 17 sq.; Ov. M. 5, 605 sq.; Col. 8, 4, 6; 3, 8, 4 al.: sacer, because auguries were taken from it,Verg. A. 11, 721 (cf. Hom. Od. 15, 525 sq.).The sparrowhawk, Falco Nisus, Linn., used in fowling; Mart. 14, 216.Transf., of a rapacious man: labes populi, pecuniai accipiter,Plaut. Pers. 3, 3, 5.
accipitro accĭpĭtro, āre, 1, v. a.id., used by Laevius for lacerare, to tear, to lacerate, ap. Gell. 19, 7, 11.
accisus accīsus, a, um, P. a. of accīdo.
accitio accītĭo, ōnis, f.accio, a calling or summoning (late Lat.), Arn. 4, p. 134.
accitus accītus, a, um, Part. of accio.
accitus accītus, ūs, m. (only in abl. sing.) [accio], a summoning to a place, a summons, a call: magistratus accitu istius evocantur,Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 28, § 68: accitu cari genitoris,Verg. A. 1, 677.
Accius Accĭus, ii, m., v. Attius.
acclamatio acclāmātĭo (adc.), ōnis, f.acclamo, a calling to, an exclamation, shout. In gen.: acuta atque attenuata nimis,Auct. Her. 3, 12, 21; the calling of the shepherd,Col. 7, 3, 26; so in plur., id. 6, 2, 14. In partic. A cry of disapprobation (so esp. in the time of the republic): ei contigit non modo ut adclamatione, sed ut convicio et maledictis impediretur,Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 3, 2; 2, 1, 2; quanto jam levior est adclamatio, C. Rabir. 18; id. de Or. 2, 83, 339 etc.; Suet. Dom. 23 al. On the contrary, esp. later, a shout of approbation (e. g. on the appearance of a person honored by the people), a huzza: adclamationes multitudinis assentatione immodica pudorem operantis,Liv. 31, 15, 2; so Suet. Caes. 79; id. Aug. 58; id. Oth. 6 (made by the voice; while plausus is made with the hands, Quint. 8, 3, 3). Rhetor. a figure of speech = exclamatio, ἐπιφώνημα, exclamation, Quint. 8, 5, 11.
acclamito acclāmĭto, āre, a false read. in Plaut. Am. 3, 2, 3, for occlamitat.
acclamo ac-clāmo (adc.), āvi, ātum, 1, v. n., to raise a cry at, to shout at, to exclaim (in a friendly or hostile manner), with and without the dat.; also with the acc. of the thing called. To shout at in a hostile sense, to disapprove or blame by shouting (so partic. in the time of the republic): non metuo, ne mihi adclametis,
acclaro ac-clāro (adc.), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to make clear or evident, to show or make known; in the lang. of the augurs: uti tu signa nobis certa adclarassis (i. e. adclaraveris),Liv. 1, 18 fin.
acclinis acclīnis, e, adj. (also adc-) [ad-CLINO], leaning on or against something, inclined to or toward (poet. and in post-Aug. prose); constr. with dat.Lit.: corpusque levabat arboris adclinis trunco,Verg. A. 10, 834; so Ov. M. 15, 737; Stat. Silv. 5, 3, 36 al. In prose, Plin. 8, 15, 16, § 39; Just. 28, 4: crates inter se acclines,Col. 12, 15, 1. Esp. of localities, Amm. 14, 8; 29, 5.Trop., inclined to, disposed to (= inclinatus, propensus): acclinis falsis animus meliora recusat,Hor. S. 2, 2, 6.
acclino ac-clīno, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to lean on or against something (not before the Aug. period; mostly poet.). Lit.: se acclinavit in illum,Ov. M. 5, 72: latus leoni,Stat. Silv. 4, 2, 51. Most freq. in part. pass.: acclinatus: colla acclinata,Ov. M. 10, 268; cf.: terrae acclinatus,id. ib. 14, 666: castra tumulo sunt acclinata,Liv. 44, 3, 6: maria terris,Stat. Silv. 5, 4, 5.Trop., with se, to incline to a thing: ad causam senatus,Liv. 4, 48, 9.
acclivis ac-clīvis, e, also (but much less freq.) -vus, a, um, adj.ad + clivus, up hill, mounting upwards, ascending, steep: stadium, Lucil. ap. Non. 4, 11: ea viae pars valde acclivis est,Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 2, § 4; so, leniter acclivis aditus,Caes. B. G. 2, 29 al.: acclivus, Ov. M. 2, 19.
acclivitas acclīvĭtas, ātis, f.acclivis, an ascending direction, an acclivity, ascent: pari acclivitate collis,Caes. B. G. 2, 18; so Col. 2, 4, 10. Concr. of the rising place itself, Amm. 14, 2, 13.
acclivus acclīvus, a, um, v. acclivis.
Acco Acco, ōnis, m., a chieftain of the Senones, Caes. B. G. 6, 4; 44 al.
accognosco ac-cognosco, ĕre, 3, v. a., to know or recognize perfectly, Petr. Fragm. 69 Burm.; Tert. ad Ux. 2, 6; adv. Marc. 4, 20 al.
accola accŏla, ae, c. [accolo], a dweller by or near a place, a neighbor (incola, one who dwells in a place): optati cives, populares, incolae, accolae, advenae,Plaut. Aul. 3, 1, 1: pastor accola ejus loci,Liv. 1, 7, 5; 37, 53; Tac. A. 2, 68; Verg. A. 7, 729 al.: accolae Cereris,i. e.
dwellers at her temple
,Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 50, § 111. In Tacitus, adj., of the tributary streams of the Tiber: Tiberim accolis fluviis orbatum, the neighboring rivers, A. 1, 79. (The Vulg. uses this word in the sense of incola: accola in terra, Psa. 104, 23; Act. 7, 6: terrae, Lev. 18, 27.)
accolo ac-cŏlo (adc.), cŏlui, cultum, 3, v. a., to dwell by or near, constr. with acc. or absol. With acc.: Histrum fluvium, Naev ap. Cic. Or. 45, 152 (Rib. Trag. Rel. p. 14): arcem, Att. ap. Non. 357, 14 (ib. p. 202): illum locum, * Cic. Rep. 6, 18 fin.: viam,Liv. 28, 13, 4: Macedoniam,id. 39, 46, 7: Pontum,Tac. H. 3, 47: Nilum,Verg. G. 4, 288; cf.: Rhenum,Tac. H. 1, 51: nives Haemi,Ov. F. 1, 390: Capitolī saxum,Verg. A. 9, 448 al.; hence, pass.: fluvius crebris oppidis accolitur,Plin. 3, 1, 30, § 9.Absol.: vicine Apollo, qui aedibus Propinquus nostris adcolis,Plaut. Bacch. 2, 1, 4 (the dat. aedibus belongs to propinquus, not to adcolis, as Prisc. p. 1203 P. seems to have construed). Poet.: accolere vitem, to bea cultivating neighbor of it, Cat. 62, 55 dub. (Müller reads coluere.)
accommodate accommŏdāte, adv., v. accommodo, P. a. fin.
accommodatio accommŏdātĭo, ōnis, f.accommodo, the fitting or adjusting of one thing to another. In gen.: a. verborum et sententiarum ad inventionem,Cic. Inv. 1, 7, 9. Esp., the adapting of one's feeling or will to another's, compliance, complaisance, indulgence: ex liberalitate atque accommodatione magistratuum,Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 82, § 189.
accommodatus accommŏdātus, a, um, P. a. of
accommodo ac-commŏdo, āvi, ātum (better, adc.), 1, v. a., to fit or adapt one thing to another, to lay, put, or hang on (in good prose, esp. in Cic., very freq.), constr. with ad, dat., or absol.Lit.: coronam sibi ad caput,Cic. de Or. 2, 61, 250: clupeum ad dorsum,Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 93: gladium dextrae, Lucil. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 21, 48; so, hastam dextrae,Sil. 5, 146: calauticam capiti,Cic. Fragm. Or. in Clod. 5; so, lateri ensem,Verg. A. 2, 393; absol.: insignia,Caes. B. G. 2, 21, 5. In gen., to prepare for any use: Arabus lapis dentifriciis adcommodatur crematus,Plin. 36, 21, 41, § 153.Trop., to adjust or adapt to, to accommodate to: meum consilium adcommodabo ad tuum,Cic. Fam. 9, 7; so id. Att. 10, 7; 12, 32; id. Leg. 3, 2 al. Hence, with se, to adapt one's self to another's opinion, wishes, etc., to conform to, to comply with: omnes qui probari volunt, ad eorum qui audiunt arbitrium et nutum totos se fingunt et adcommodant,Cic. Or. 8, 24: alicui de aliqua re, to be compliant to one in any thing: peto a te ... ut ei de habitatione adcommodes,id. Fam. 13, 2. In gen., to bring a person or thing to something, to apply: testes ad crimen,Cic. Verr. 1, 18, 55: vim ad eloquentiam,id. Or. 7: curam pratis, etc.,
to apply
,Quint. 1, 12, 7: nonnullam operam his studiis,id. 1, 10, 15; cf. 1, 8, 19: verba alicui (equival. to dare),id. 6, 1, 27; cf. 11, 1, 39 al.: intentionem his,Plin. Ep. 2, 5, 2 al. Hence, with se (in a more general sense than above), to apply or devote one's self to, to undertake: se ad rem publicam et ad res magnas gerendas,Cic. Off. 1, 21; of property, to lend it to one for use: si quid iste suorum aedilibus adcommodavit,Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 57. Hence, accommŏdātus, a, um, P. a., fitted or adapted to, suitable, conformable, or appropriate to (only in prose; in poetry, accommodus is used), with ad or dat.: puppes ad magnitudinem fluctuum adcommodatae,Caes. B. G. 3, 13: oratio ad persuadendum adcommodata,Cic. Ac. 1, 8: quae mihi intelligis esse adcommodata,
accommodus ac-commŏdus (adc.), a, um, adj., fit, suitable (vox Verg. and poet. for adcommodatus); with dat.: valles adcommoda fraudi,Verg. A. 11, 522; so, membra bellis,Stat. S. 4, 4, 65: nox fraudi,id. Theb. 10, 192. Also in late prose, Cod. Th. 15, 1, 41; Pall. Jul. 8, 2; Veg. 4, 2, 12 al. Comp., sup., and adv. not found.
accongero ac-congĕro (adc.), essi, estum, 3, v. a., to bear or bring to: ego huic dona adcongessi,Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 17.
accorporo ac-corpŏro (adc.), āre, v. a.ad + corpus: aliquid alicui, to incorporate, to fit or join to (late Lat.), Amm. 16, 8, 11; Sol. 37.
accredo ac-crēdo (adc.), dĭdi, dĭtum, 3, v. a. (pres. sub. adcredŭas, Plaut. Asin. 5, 2, 4), to yield one's belief to another, i. e. to believe unconditionally (rare). With dat.: quisnam istuc adcredat tibi?Plaut. Asin. 3, 3, 37: neque mi posthac quidquam adcreduas,id. ib. 5, 2, 4; so, tibi nos,Hor. Ep. 1, 15, 25.Aliquid: facile hoc,Lucr. 3, 856. Absol.: vix adcredens, * Cic. Att. 6, 2, 3: primo non accredidit,Nep. Dat. 3. 4.
accrementum accrēmentum, i, a false read. in Plin. 9, 1, 2, for nutrimentum.
accresco ac-cresco (adc.), ēvi, ētum, 3, v. n., to grow, to become larger by growth, to increase.Lit.: nobis jam paulatim adcrescere puer incipiat,Quint. 1, 2, 1; so, adcrescens imperator,Amm. 27, 6, 13: eruca,Plin. 11, 32, 37; ib. 35, 41: flumen subito,Cic. Inv. 2, 31, 97; so, nondum adcrescente unda,Tac. A. 2, 8: caespes jam pectori usque adcreverat,id. ib. 1, 19. Part.: adcretus, in pass. sense,
accretio accrētĭo, ōnis, f.accresco, an increasing, increment: lunam accretione et deminutione luminis ... significantem dies,Cic. Tusc. 1, 28, 68.
Accua Accŭa, ae, f., a town of Apulia, Liv. 24, 20, 8; dub., v. Weissenb. a. h. l.
accubatio accŭbātĭo, ōnis, f.accubo, a rare collat. form of accubitio, a lying, reclining, Cic. Off. 1, 35, 128, acc. to the MSS.
accubitalia accŭbĭtālĭa, ĭum, n.id., sc. stragula, the coverings spread over the tablecouches, Trebell. Claud. 14.
accubitatio accŭbĭtātĭo, ōnis, f.accubito, a reclining, lying at the table, Spart. Ver. 5; cf. accubitio.
accubitio accŭbĭtĭo, ōnis, f.accubo. A lying or reclining, esp. at meals (in the Rom. manner, on the triclinium or accubitum): accubitio epularis amicorum,Cic. de Sen. 13, 45; cf. Non. 193, 30; so Cic. N. D. 1, 34, 94 (but in Off. 1, 35, 128, the MSS. give accubatio). Concr., a couch, Lampr. Sev. 34; cf. accubitatio.
accubito accŭbĭto, āre, = accubo, Eccl.
accubitorius accŭbĭtōrĭus, a, um, adj.accubo, pertaining to reclining: vestimenta,Petr. 30.
accubitum accŭbĭtum, i, n.id., a couch for a large number of guests to recline on at meals (while the triclinium contained only three seats), Lampr. Heliog. 19, 25 al.
accubitus accŭbĭtus, ūs, m., = accubitio. A reclining at table, Stat. Ach. 1, 110 (quoted by Prisc. 863 P.); id. Theb. 1, 714; and perh. also Varr. ap. Isid. Orig. 20, 11, 19. Per meton., a couch, Vulg. Cant. 1, 11; a place on a couch, ib. Luc. 14, 7.
accubo ac-cŭbo (adc.), āre, 1, v. n., t. t. (the forms accubui and accubitum belong to accumbo), to lie near or by a thing. In gen., constr. with dat. or absol.: quoi bini castodes semper accubant,Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 57: Furiarum maxima juxta accubat,Verg. A. 6, 606: accubantes effodiunt,Plin. 35, 6, 19, § 37. Rarely with acc.: lectum,App. M. 5, p. 160. Of things: nigrum nemus,Verg. G. 3, 334: cadus (vini),Hor. C. 4, 12, 18. Also of places (for adjacere): theatrum Tarpeio monti accubans,Suet. Caes. 44. Esp. To recline at table (in the Rom. manner): accubantes in conviviis,Cic. Cat. 2, 5, 10; so, in convivio,Nep. Pel. 3, 2; Cic. Tusc. 3, 23: morem apud majores hunc epularum fuisse, ut deinceps, qui accubarent, canerent ad tibiam, etc.,Cic. Tusc. 4, 2, 3; cf.: regulus accubans epulari coepit,Liv. 41, 2, 12; so,
accubuo ac-cŭbŭo (better, accubio, Lachm. ad Lucr. 5, 679 fin.), adv.accubo, lying near, a word formed by Plautus to answer to assiduo (fr. sedeo), Truc. 2, 4, 68.
accudo ac-cūdo, ĕre, 3, v. a., lit. to strike or stamp upon, to coin (of gold; cf. cudo); hence, metaph., to coin further, to add to a sum of money: tris minas accudere etiam possum, et triginta sient,Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 96.
accumbo ac-cumbo (adc.), cŭbui, cŭbĭtum, 3, v. n., to lay one's self down at a place; and hence, to lie somewhere. In gen. (so very rare): in via,Plaut. Most. 1, 4, 13; of one swimming: summis in undis,Manil. 5, 429. In part. To recline at table, in the manner in which the Romans (and finally even the Roman women, Val. Max. 2, 1, 2) reclined, after luxury and effeminacy had become prevalent. While they extended the lower part of the body upon the couch (triclinium, lectus triclinaris), they supported the upper part by the left arm upon a cushion (or upon the bosom of the one nearest; hence, in sinu accumbere,Liv. 39, 43; cf. ἀνακεῖσθαι = εἶναι ἐν τῷ κόλπῳ τινός, Ev. Ioh. 13, 23), the right hand only being used in taking food: hoc age, adcumbe,Plaut. Pers. 5, 1, 15; so id. Most. 1, 3, 150, etc.; Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 31; id. Mur. 35; Liv. 28, 18; c. acc.: mensam, Att. ap. Non. 415, 26; Lucil. Sat. 13; ib. 511, 16: cotidianis epulis in robore,Cic. Mur. 74: in convivio,Cic. Verr. 1, 66: in epulo,Cic. Vatin. 12: epulis,Verg. A. 1, 79; tecum,Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 75; absol., Cic. Deiot. 17. Since three persons usually reclined upon such a couch (cf. Cic. Pis. 27), these expressions arose: in summo (or superiorem, also supra), medium and imum (or infra) adcumbere; and the series began on the left side, since they lay supported by the left arm. The whole arrangement is explained by the following figure: Among the three lecti, the lectus medius was the most honorable; and on each lectus, the locus medius was more honorable than the summus; and this had the preference to the imus or ultimus. The consul or other magistrate usually sat as imus of the lectus medius (fig. no. 6), in order that, by his position at the corner, he might be able, without trouble, to attend to any official business that might occur. The place no. 7 seems, for a similar reason, to have been taken by the host. See on this subject Salmas. Sol. p. 886; Smith's Antiq.; Becker's Gall. 3, p. 206 sq. (2d ed.); and Orell. excurs. ad Hor. S. 2, 8, 20. This statement explains the passages in Plaut. Pers. 5, 1, 14; id. Most. 1, 1, 42; id. Stich. 3, 2, 37, etc.; Cic. Att. 1, 9; id. Fam. 9, 26; Sall. Fragm. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 1, 702; Hor. S. 2, 8, 20.In mal. part. (rarely), Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 73; Men. 3, 2, 11; 5, 9, 82.
accumulate accŭmŭlāte (adc.), adv., v. accumulo fin.
accumulatio accŭmŭlātĭo (adc.), ōnis, f.accumulo, a heaping up, only as t. t. in the lang. of gardening, of the heaping up of earth round the roots of plants, Plin. 17, 26, 39, § 246.
accumulator accŭmŭlātor (adc.), ōris, m.id., one who heaps up or accumulates: opum,Tac. A. 3, 30.
accumulo ac-cŭmŭlo (adc.), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.cumulus, to add to a heap, to heap up, accumulate, to augment by heaping up (mostly poetical). Lit. In gen.: ventorum flatu congeriem arenae accumulantium,Plin. 4, 1, 2: confertos acervatim mors accumulabat,Lucr. 6, 1263. Absol., of heaping up money: auget, addit, adcumulat, * Cic. Agr. 2, 22, 59. (The syn. augere and addere are used of any object, although still small, in extent or number, after the increase; but adcumulare only when it becomes of considerable magnitude; hence the climax in the passage quoted from Cic.) Esp., botan. t. t., to heap up earth round the roots of plants, to trench up, Plin. 17, 19, 31, § 139; 18, 29, 71, § 295; 19, 5, 26, § 83 al.Trop., to heap, add, increase: virtutes generis meis moribus, Epitaph of a Scipio in Inscr. Orell. no. 554: caedem caede,
,Verg. A. 6, 886: honorem alicui,Ov. F. 2, 122: curas,id. H. 15, 70. Absol.: quod ait (Vergilius) sidera lambit (A. 3, 574), vacanter hoc etiam accumulavit et inaniter, has piled up words, Gell. 17, 10, 16. Hence, accŭmŭlāte, adv., abundantly, copiously (very rare): id prolixe accumulateque fecit,Cic. Fl. 89: accumulate largiri,Auct. Her. 1, 17 fin.: prolixe accumulateque pollicetur,App. M. 10, p. 212.
accurate accūrāte, adv., v. accuro, P. a.
accuratio accūrātĭo, ōnis, f.accuro, accuracy, exactness, carefulness (very rare): mira in inveniendis componendisque rebus,Cic. Brut. 67, 238: ad omnem accurationem = accuratissime,Veg. 1, 56, 35.
accuratus accūrātus, a, um, P. a., from
accuro ac-cūro (adc.), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. (arch. accurassis = accuraveris, Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 29; id. Pers. 3, 1, 65), to take care of, to do a thing with care. In gen. (in Plaut. and Ter. very often; more rare in the class. per., partic. in the verb. fin.; while the P. a. occurs very often in Cic., see below). With acc.: prandium alicui,Plaut. Mer. 1, 3, 25: quod facto est opus,id. Cas. 3, 3, 25: rem sobrie aut frugaliter,id. Pers. 4, 1, 1 al.: melius adcurantur, quae consilio geruntur, quam quae sine consilio administrantur,Cic. Inv. 1, 34, 58: virtus et cultus humanus sub tecto adcurantur,id. Fr. in Col. 12 praef.: barbam,Lampr. Heliog. 31.Absol.: ergo adcures: properato opus est,Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 210, v. Ritschl a. h. l. With ut or ne: omnes bonos bonasque adcurare addecet, suspicionem et culpam ut ab se segregent,Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 42; so with ut, Ter. And. 3, 2, 14; with ne, id. Hec. 5, 1, 12. Esp.: adcurare aliquem,
to treat one carefully
,
regale a guest
,Plaut. Ep. 5, 1, 55. Hence, accūrātus, a, um, P. a., prepared with care, careful, studied, elaborate, exact (never of persons, for which diligens is used; syn.: meditatus, exquisitus, elaboratus, politus): adcurata malitia,
accurro ac-curro (adc.), cŭcurri and curri, cursum, 3, v. n., to run to a place, to come to by running, to hasten to.Lit. constr. absol., with ad and in: expeditus facito ut sis, si inclamāro ut accurras,Cic. Att. 2, 20; 12, 18 (accucurrisse); 13, 48: cupide ad praetorem accurrit,Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 3; so Caes. B. G. 1, 22; ib. 3, 5; Sall. J. 106, 2: in Tusculanum,Cic. Att. 15, 3: ad gemitum collabentis,Tac. A. 2, 31: in castra,Caes. B. Alex. 53: in auxilium accucurrerunt,Suet. Calig. 58: ad visendum,id. Ner. 34: auxilio suis,Sall. J. 101, 10. Impers.: accurritur ab universis,Tac. A. 1, 21.Trop., of ideas: istae imagines ita nobis dicto audientes sunt, ut simul atque velimus accurrant,
accusatio accūsātĭo, ōnis, f.id., complaint, accusation, indictment. In abstr.: ratio judiciorum ex accusatione et defensione constat,Cic. Off. 2, 14: comparare et constituere accusationem,
accusativus accūsātīvus, a, umid., prop. belonging to an accusation, hence, in gramm. with or without casus, the accusative case, as if the defendant in a suit, Varr. L. L. 8, § 67 Müll. (in the prec. §: casus accusandi); Quint. 7, 9, 10, and all the later writers. Hence, praepositiones accusativae, i. e. those joined with the accusative, Serv. ad Verg. A. 1, 28 al.
accusator accūsātor, ōris, m.id., orig. one who calls another to account; hence, transferred to public life, an accuser, a plaintiff, esp. in a state-offence (while petitor signifies a plaintiff in private causes; yet accusator is often used for every kind of accuser, and then includes the petitor, v. accuso no. II. A.). In gen. (very freq.): accusatorem pro omni actore et petitore appello,Cic. Part. Or. 32, 110: possumus petitoris personam capere, accusatoris deponere?id. Quint. 13 fin.; cf. Quint. 6, 1, 36: accusatores multos esse in civitate utile est, ut metu contineatur audacia,Cic. Rosc. Am. 20: acres atque acerbi,id. Brut. 36: vehemens et molestus,id. ib. 34fin.: graves, voluntarii,id. Leg. 3, 20, 47: firmus verusque,id. Div. in Caecil. 9, 29 al.: eundem accusatorem capitis sui ac judicem esse,Liv. 8, 32, 9: ita ille imprudens ipse suus fuit accusator,Nep. Lys. 4, 3: graviter eos accusat quod, etc.,Caes. B. G. 1, 16, 5: accusatores tui,Vulg. Act. 23, 35; 25, 18 al. Esp., in silv. age, an informer, a denouncer (= delator): accusatorum denuntiationes,Suet. Aug. 66; so Juv. 1, 161.
accusatrix accūsātrix, īcis, f.id., she who makes accusation against any one, a female accuser (v. accuso no. I.): tu mi accusatrix ades,Plaut. As. 3, 1, 10; so Plin. Ep. 10, 67; cf. Prisc. Op. Min. 102 Lind.
accusito accūsĭto, āre, 1, v. freq. [accuso], to accuse: nil erit quod deorum ullum accusites,Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 23.
accuso ac-cūso (also with ss; cf. Cassiod. 2283 P.), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.fr. causa; cf. cludo with claudo, orig. = ad causam provocare, to call one to account, to make complaint against, to reproach, blame. In gen., of persons: si id non me accusas, tu ipse objurgandus es,
,id. ib. 1, 1, 50: me accusas cum hunc casum tam graviter feram,Cic. Att. 3, 13; id. Fam. 1, 1 Manut.: me tibi excuso in eo ipso, in quo te accuso,id. Q. Fr. 2, 2: ut me accusare de epistularum neglegentia possis,
that you may blame me for my tardiness in writing
,id. Att. 1, 6. Also metaph. of things, to blame, find fault with: alicujus desperationem,Cic. Fam. 6, 1: inertiam adolescentium, id. de Or. 1, 58 (cf. incusare, Tac. H. 4, 42); hence also: culpam alicujus,
to lay the fault on one
,Cic. Planc. 4, 9; cf. id. Sest. 38, 80; id. Lig. 1, 2; id. Cael. 12, 29. Hence, Esp. Transferred to civil life, to call one to account publicly (ad causam publicam, or publice dicendam provocare), to accuse, to inform against, arraign, indict (while incusare means to involve or entangle one in a cause); t. t. in Roman judicial lang.; constr. with aliquem alicujus rei (like κατηγορεῖν, cf. Prisc. 1187 P.): accusant ii, qui in fortunas hujus invaserunt, causam dicit is, cui nihil reliquerunt,Cic. Rosc. Am. 5: numquam, si se ambitu commaculasset, ambitus alterum accusaret,id. Cael. 7: ne quis ante actarum rerum accusaretur,
that no one should be called to account for previous offences
,Nep. Paus. 2, 6; cf. Zumpt, § 447. Casus accusandi, the fourth case in grammar, the accusative case, Var. L. L. 8, § 66 Müll.; v. accusativus.
Ace Acē, ēs, f., Ἄκη, a town in Galilee, afterwards called Ptolemais or Acca, now St. Jean d'Acre, Nep. Dat. 5; Plin. 5, 19, 17, § 75.
acedior ăcēdĭor, āri, 1, v. dep.ἀκηδία, to be morose, peevish, Vulg. Sir. 6, 26; 22, 6.
acentetus ăcentētus, a, um, adj., = ἀκέντητος, without points or spots: calix, Fronto de fer. Als. 3. Subst.: ăcentēta, ōrum, n., = ἀκέντητα, used of crystals, Plin. 37, 2, 10, § 28.
aceo ăcĕo, ui, 2, v. n.v. 2. acer, to be sour.Lit. (of wine): vinum, quod neque aceat neque muceat,Cato R. R. 148. Fig., to be disagreeable (late Lat.): mentio pectori acet,Sid. Ep. 7, 6a med.
acephalus ăcĕphălus, i, adj., = ἀκέφαλος.Without head, without chief or leader. Subst.: Ăcĕphăli, a sect of heretics, Isid. Or. 8, 5, 66; cf. 5, 39, 39 sq. In prosody, of a hexameter which begins with a short syllable (e. g. ἐπειδή), Vel. Long. p. 2219 P.
acer ăcer, ĕris, n.kindred with Germ. Ahorn (f. Serv. ap. Prisc. p. 698 P.), the maple-tree, Plin. 16, 15, 26, § 66 sq.Transf., the wood of the maple-tree, maplewood, used, on account of its hardness and firmness, for writing-tablets, Plin. 33, 11, 52, § 146; Ov. Am. 1, 11, 28.
acer ācer, cris, cre, adj. (m. acris, Enn.; f. acer, Naev. and Enn.; acrus, a um, Pall.; Veg.; cf. Charis. 63 and 93 P.) [cf. ἀκίς, ἀκών, άκμή, ἄκρος, ὠκύς, ὀξύς; Sanscr. acan = dart, acus = swift; Germ. Ecke; Engl. edge, to egg; and with change of quantity, ăcus, acuo, ăceo, ăcies, ăcerbus], sharp, pointed, piercing, and the like. Prop., of the senses and things affecting them, sharp, dazzling, stinging, pungent, fine, piercing: praestans valetudine, viribus, formā, acerrimis integerrimisque sensibus,Cic. Tusc. 5, 15, 45. So, Of the sight: acerrimus sensus videndi,Cic. de Or. 2, 87, 357: acres oculi,id. Planc. 27: splendor,Lucr. 4, 304: quidam colores ruboris acerrimi,Sen. Q. N. 1, 14 al. Of the hearing: voce increpet acri?Lucr. 3, 953: aurium mensura, quod est acrius judicium et certius,Cic. de Or. 3, 47: acrem flammae sonitum,Verg. G. 4, 409: acri tibiā,Hor. C. 1, 12, 1. Of smell, Lucr. 4, 122: exstinctum lumen acri nidore offendit nares,id. 6, 792; cf. ib. 1216: unguentis minus diu delectemur summa et acerrima suavitate conditis, quam his moderatis,Cic. de Or. 3, 25, 99: odor,Plin. 12, 17, 40. Of taste: ut vitet acria, ut est sinapi, cepa, allium, Var. ap. Non. 201, 13: acres humores,
,Hor. S. 2, 4, 59; cf. ib. 2, 8, 7: dulcibus cibis acres acutosque miscere,Plin. Ep. 7, 3 al. Of sensation in its widest extent: aestatem auctumnus sequitur, post acer hiems fit, sharp, severe, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 647 P. (Ann. v. 406 ed. Vahl. cf. Lucr. 3, 20; 4, 261); and so Hor.: solvitur acris hiems, C. 1. 4, 1. Of the internal states of the human system, violent, sharp, severe, gnawing: fames, Naev. ap. Prisc. l. l. (B. Punic. p. 18 ed. Vahl.): somnus, Enn. ap. Prisc. l. l. (Ann. v. 369): morbus,Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 119: dolor,Lucr. 6, 650: sitis,Tib. 1, 3, 77 al. Of the states of mind: violent, vehement, passionate, consuming: mors amici subigit, quae mihi est senium multo acerrimum, Att. ap. Non. 2, 22: acri ira percitus,Lucr. 5, 400: cf. 3, 312; 6, 754 (on the contrary, 5, 1194: iras acerbas): acres curae,Lucr. 3, 463, and Var. ap. Non. 241: luctus,ib. 87: dolor,Verg. A. 7, 291: metus,Lucr. 6, 1211; Verg. A. 1, 362: amor,Tib. 2, 6, 15: acrior ad Venerem cupido,Curt. 6, 5 al. (Among unpleasant sensations, acer designates a piercing, wounding by sharpness; but acerbus the rough, harsh, repugnant, repulsive.) Applied to the intellectual qualities, subtle, acute, penetrating, sagacious, shrewd: acrem irritat virtutem animi,Lucr. 1, 70: acri judicio perpende,id. 2, 1041: memoria,
,id. Fam. 10, 28: defensor,id. ib. 1, 1: studio acriore esse,id. de Or. 1, 21: jam tum acer curas venientem extendit in annum rusticus,Verg. G. 2, 405 al. In a bad sense, violent, hasty, hot, passionate, fierce, severe (very freq.): uxor acerrima,
acerbo ăcerbo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.id. (vox Vergil.). To make harsh or bitter, to embitter; lit. and trop. (very rare): gaudia,Stat. Th. 12, 75: mortem,Val. Fl. 6, 655. Hence in an extended sense, To augment or aggravate any thing disagreeable (cf. acuo): formidine crimen acerbat,Verg. A. 11, 407: nefas Eteoclis,Stat. Th. 3, 214.
acerbus ăcerbus, a, um, adj.fr. 2. acer, like superbus fr. super, yet the short ă should be noticed, harsh to the taste, of every object which has an astringent effect upon the tongue (opp. suavis, Lucr. 4, 661 sq.). Prop.: Neptuni corpus acerbum,
bitter
,
briny
,Lucr. 2, 472; and esp. of unripe fruit, sharp, sour, harsh, and the like: uva primo est peracerba gustatu, deinde maturata dulcescit,Cic. de Sen. 15: saporum genera tredecim reperiuntur: acer, acutus, acerbus, acidus, salsus, etc.,Plin. 15, 27, 32; and since the harshness of fruit is always a sign of immaturity, so Varro, Cicero, Pliny, et al. use acerbus as a syn. for crudus, immaturus, unripe, crude, lit. and trop.: nondum matura uva est, nolo acerbam sumere, Phaed. 4, 2, 4; so Ov. Am. 2, 14, 24; and trop.: impolitae res et acerbae si erunt relictae,Cic. Prov. Cons. 14; cf. Gell. 13, 2. Hence: virgo acerba, not yet marriageable, Varr. ap. Non. 247, 15; and esp. poet. (opp. to virgo matura, v. maturus): funus acerbum, as a translation of the Gr. θάvατος ἄωρος (Eur. Orest. 1030), Auct. Or. pro Dom. 16: ante diem edere partus acerbos,
premature
,Ov. F. 4, 647. Transf. to sounds, harsh, hoarse, rough, shrill: serrae stridentis acerbum horrorem, Lucr, 2, 410: vox acerbissima,Auct. Her. 4, 47; to feeling, sharp, keen: frigus,
bitter
,Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 53. Fig. Of men: Rough, coarse, repulsive, morose, violent, hard, rigorous, severe: melius de quibusdam acerbos inimicos mereri quam eos amicos, qui dulces videantur,Cic. Lael. 24: posse enim asotos ex Aristippi, acerbos e Zenonis schola exire,
for there may go forth sensualists from the school of Aristippus
acerneus ăcernĕus, a, um, adj.1. ăcer, of maple (late Lat.): cancelli, Inscr. ap. Fabr. p. 745, note 513: pocula, Ven. Ep. 1 ad Greg. Pap.; cf. acernus.
acernia ăcernĭa, ae, f., an unknown fish, Cassiod. Var. 2, 4.
acernus ăcernus, a, um, adj.1. ăcer, made ofmaple: equus trabibus contextus acernis,Verg. A. 2, 112; 9, 87: solio,ib. 8, 178: mensa,Hor. S. 2, 8, 10; cf. Mart. 14, 90: mensae,Ov. Met. 12, 254 al.
acerosus ăcĕrōsus, a, um, adj.ăcus, ĕris, full of chaff: far, mixed with chaff, Gr. αὐτόπυρος, Lucil. ap. Non. 445, 14: caenum,id. ib.; v. Fest. s. v. OBACERARE, p. 187 Müll.
acerra ăcerra, ae, f.etym. unc., perh. from ăcer = maple, a casket in which was kept the incense used in sacrifices, esp. in burning the dead, an incense-box: ne sumptuosa respersio, ne longae coronae, nec acerrae praetereantur, from the XII. Tab. ap. Cic. Leg. 2, 24, 60: plenā veneratur larem,Verg. A. 5, 745; cf.: plena turis,Hor. C. 3, 8, 2; tacitā libabit acerrā,Pers. 2, 5; so also Ov. M. 13, 703; id. Pont. 4, 8, 39; Fratr. Arval. in Orell. I. L. 2270, p. 391 al. Cf. Fest. s. h. v. p. 18 Müll, who gives another signif.: “ACERRA, ara, quae ante mortuum poni solebat.”
Acerrae Ăcerrae, ārum, f.A town in the interior of Campania, N. E. of Naples, now Acerra, exposed to frequent inundations from the Clanius, on which it is situated; hence in Verg.: vacuis Clanius non aequus Acerris, G. 2, 225 Wagner; imitated by Silius, 8, 538. Deriv., Ăcerrāni, ōrum, m., the inhabitants of A., Liv. 27, 3, 6; Vell. 1, 14, 4; Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 63.A town in Umbria, called, for the sake of distinction, Acerrae Vatriae, now Gerrha, Plin. 3, 14, 19, § 114.
acersecomes ăcersĕcŏmēs, ae, m., = ἀκερσεκόμης, with unshorn hair; in Juv., a young man, a youth, 8, 128.
acerus ăcērus, a, um, adj., = ἄκηρος, without wax: mel acerum,
acervalis ăcervālis, e, adj.acervus, that is heaped up, used by Cic. in dialec. lang. for the Gr. σωρείτης, a sophism by accumulation, Div. 2, 4, 11.
acervatim ăcervātim, adv.id., by heaping up or accumulation, by or in heaps. Prop.: confertos ita acervatim mors accumulabat,Lucr. 6, 1263: stercus aspergi oportere in agro, non acervatim poni,Varr. R. R. 1, 38, 1; so Col. 9, 13, 4; acervatim se de vallo praecipitaverunt,Caes. B. A. 31: cadere,Vulg. Sap. 18, 23; cf.: pulmentis acervatim, panibus aggeratim, poculis agminatim ingestis,App. M. 4, p. 146 Elm. Fig.: i. q. summatim, crowded together, briefly, summarily: acervatim reliqua dicam, Cic, Clu. 10: multa acervatim frequentans,
acervus ăcervus, i, m.v. 2. acer, a multitude of objects of the same kind, rising in a heap. Prop. A heap considered as a body: frumenti,Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 55; cf. id. Cas. 1, 1, 38; Att. ap. Non. 192, 3: altus,Lucr. 3, 198; 1, 775: ut acervus ex sui generis granis, sic beata vita ex sui similibus partibus effici debeat,Cic. Tusc. 5, 15: acervi corporum,id. Cat. 3, 10: pecuniae,id. Agr. 2, 22: tritici,id. Ac. 2, 29: farris,Verg. G. 1, 185; thus Ovid calls Chaos: caecus acervus, M. 1, 24.A heap considered as a multitude (cf. Germ. Haufen and Eng. colloq. heap): aeris et auri,Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 47. Fig. In gen., a multitude: facinorum,Cic. Sull. 27: officiorum negotiorumque,Plin. 36, 5, 4, § 27: praeceptorum, Ov. Rem. Am. 424 al. Esp., in dialectics, t. t., a sophism formed by accumulation, Gr. σωρείτης, Cic. Ac. 2, 16, 49; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 47; cf. acervalis.
Acesinus Ăcĕsīnus, a, um, adj., pertaining to the river Acesinus in the Tauric Peninsula (Crimea): agmina,Val. Fl. 6, 69.
acesis ăcĕsis, is f., = ἄκεσις, a sort of borax, used in medicine, Plin. 33, 5, 28, § 92.
Acesta Ăcesta, ae, also Acestē, es, f., = Ἄκεστα and Ἀκέστη, a town in the N. W. part of Sicily, near the coast; earlier Egesta, later Segesta, near the modern Alcamo, Verg. A. 5, 718; 9, 218; cf. Serv. ad 1, 550, and Heyne Excurs. I. ad Aen. V. Deriv. Ăcestenses, ium, m., the inhabitants of A., Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 36, § 83. Ăcestaei, the same, Plin. 3, 8, 14, § 91.
acetasco ăcētasco, tāvi, 3, = acesco [id.], to become sour, App. Herb. 3.
aceto acĕto, āre, 1, v. a., old form for agito, acc. to Paul. ex Fest. p. 23 Müll.; cf. the letter C.
acetum ăcētum, i, n.orig. P. a. fr. aceo, become sour, hence sc. vinum, sour wine, wine-vinegar, or simply vinegar (acc. to Varr. L. L. 9, § 66 Müll., only in the sing.). Lit.: cum aceto pransurus est et sale,Plaut. Rud. 4, 2, 32; Verg. M. 113: acre,Hor. S. 2, 3, 117: vetus,i. e.
Achaemenes Ăchaemĕnēs, is, m., = Ἀχαιμένης, the ancestor of the old Persian kings, grandfather of Cyrus: dives Achaemenes, poet. for great or Asiatic wealth in gen., Hor. C. 2, 12, 21.
Achaetus Ăchaetus, i, m., a river of Sicily, Sil. 14, 268.
Achaeus Ăchaeus, i, m.Son of Xuthus, brother of Ion, and ancestor of the Achaei.A king of Lydia, Ov. Ib. 301.
Achaeus Ăchaeus, a, um, adj., = Ἀχαιός. Belonging to Achaia; subst., an Achaean: Achaeis in finibus,Lucr. 6, 1114; Liv. 35, 13. In gen., Grecian; subst., a Greek (v. Achaia, II.), Juv. 3, 61; Stat. Th. 2, 164; Plin. 4, 7, 14.An inhabitant of a Greek colony on the Black Sea, Ov. Pont. 4, 10, 27. Portus Achaeorum, the harbor before Troy, where the Greeks landed, Plin. 4, 12, 26.
Achaia Ăchāiaor (in poets) Ăchāĭa (quadrisyl.), ae, f.Ἀχαία. The province of Achaia, in the northern part of the Peloponnesus, on the Gulf of Corinth, earlier called Aegialea (maritime country), Mel. 2, 3, 4; Plin. 4, 5, 6. Hence, In gen. (cf. the Homeric Ἀχαιοί), for Greece, opposite to Troja: et quot Troja tulit, vetus et quot Achaia formas,Prop. 2, 21, 53; cf. Ov. M. 8, 268; id. Her. 17, 209 al. After the destruction of Corinth by Mummius, B. C. 146, Greece proper became a Rom. prov. under the name of Achaia. Hence, Ăchāĭăs, ădis, adj., An Achaean or Greek woman, Ov. H. 3, 71. Ăchāĭ-cus, a, um, adj., Achaean, Grecian.Poet., opp. to Trojan: manus,Verg. A. 5, 623: ignis,Hor. C. 1, 15, 35.Belonging to the Roman province Achaia: homines,Cic. Att. 1, 13, 1: negotium,id. Fam. 4, 4, 2: concilium,Liv. 43, 17, 4. Hence L. Mummius obtained, for the destruction of Corinth and the complete subjugation of Greece, the honorary title of Achaïcus.Vell. 1, 13, 2; Plin. 35, 4, 8, § 24; and so as surname of one of his descendants: Mummia Achaica,Suet. Galb. 3. Ăchāĭs, ĭdis, adj., f.Achaean, Grecian: urbes,Ov. M. 5, 306.Subst., = Achaia, Achaia, Greece, Ov. M. 5, 577; 7, 504. Ăchāĭus, a, um, adj.: Achaean, Grecian (poet. for Achaïcus and Achaeus): castra,Verg. A. 2, 462; so Sil. 14, 5; 15, 306.
achantum ăchantum, i, n., a kind of frankincense, Veg. 1, 20.
achanum ăchănum, i, n.ἀχανής, mute, stupid, Gesner, a disease of animals, Veg. 3, 2.
Acharnae Ăcharnae, ārum, f., a demus or borough of Attica, Stat. Th. 12, 623. Hence, Ăcharnānus, a, um, of Acharnae, Nep. Them. 1.
Acharrae Ăcharrae, ārum, f., a town of Thessaly, Liv. 32, 13, 13. † ăchātēs, ae, m. and f., = ὁ ἀχάτης, the agate, so called from Achates, a river in Sicily, where it was first found, Plin. 37, 10, 55; Sil. 14, 228.
Achates Ăchātes, ae, m., a river in the southern part of Sicily, between Thermae and Selinus, now unknown, Plin. 3, 8, 14, § 90.
Achates Ăchātes, ae, m., the armor-bearer and faithful friend of Aeneas, Verg. A. 1, 120; 174; Ov. Fast. 3, 603 al.
Acheloias Ăchĕlōĭăs, ădis, patron. f. [Achelous], daughter of Achelous; hence (plur.), the Sirens, Ov. M. 14, 87: Parthenope,Sil. 12, 34; cf. the follg. art.
Achelois Ăchĕlōĭs, ĭdis, patron. f. [id.], daughter of Achelous; hence (plur.), the Sirens, Ov. M. 5, 552.
Acheloius Ăchĕlōĭus, a, um, adj.id.. Pertaining to the river Achelous, Verg. G. 1, 9; Ov. H. 16, 265: Callirrhoë,
Achelous Ăchĕlōŭs, i, m., Ἀχελῶος. A celebrated river of Middle Greece, which, rising in Pindus, separates Aetolia from Acarnania, and empties into the Ionian Sea, now the Aspropotamo, Mel. 2, 3, 10; Plin. 4, 1, 2 al. Hence, The river-god Achelous, Ov. M. 8, 549 sq.; 10, 8 sq.; Prop. 2, 34, 33 al.
Achemenides Ăchēmĕnĭdes, is, v. Achaem.
Acherini Ăchĕrīni, ōrum, m., an unknown people in Sicily, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 43.
Acheron Ăchĕron, ntis (collat. form Acheros, Liv. 8, 24, 11; the form Acheruns, untis, see below), m., = Ἀχέρων (interpr. ὁ ἄχεα ῥέων, the stream of woe). A river in Epirus, which flows through the Lake Acherusia into the Ambracian Gulf, now Suli, Liv. 8, 24, 3; Plin. 4, 1, 1, § 4.A fabulous river in the Lower World: illi qui fluere apud inferos dicuntur, Acheron, Cocytus, Styx, etc.,Cic. N. D. 3, 17: via Tartarei quae fert Acherontis ad undas, Verg. A., 6, 295 al. Hence, The Lower World itself: Acherontem obibo, ubi mortis thesauri objacent, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 201 Müll. (Trag. v. 278 ed. Vahl.): flectere si nequeo Superos, Acheronta movebo,Verg. A. 7, 312: perrupit Acheronta Herculeus labor,Hor. C. 1, 3, 36. In prose: ut eum suo sanguine ab Acheronte, si possent, cuperent redimere,Nep. Dion. 10, 2. Hence, Ăchĕrontēus, a, um, adj., pertaining to the Acheron, Claud. Rapt. Pros. 2, 351.
Acherontia Ăchĕrontĭa, ae, f., a small town of Apulia, near the frontiers of Lucania, situated on a hill, now Acerenza: celsa,Hor. C. 3, 4, 14.
Acheronticus Ăchĕrontĭcus, a, um, adj., belonging to the Acheron or the Lower World: stagna,Prud. Cath. 5, 127: libri, sacred books, written, according to tradition, by the Etruscan Tages, prob. relating to the Acherontian rites of the dead, Arn. adv. Gent. 2, p. 87; cf. Serv. ad Aen. 8, 398; and Müll. Etrusc. 1, p. 77.
Acheros Ăchĕros, v. Acheron init.
Acheruns Ăchĕruns, untis, m.v. Acheron (f., Plaut. Capt. 5, 4, 2; cf. Non. 191, 24; poet. in Cic. Tusc. 1, 16, 37; the u for o, as in Enn. and Lucr. frundes for frondes, acc. Gr. Acherunta, Lucr. 4, 170; 6, 251); a form much used by ante-class. poets, esp. by Plaut., For Acheron no. II. B.: adsum atque advenio Acherunte, poet. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 16, 37; Rib. Trag. Rel. p. 245; si ab Acherunte veniam,Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 26; so Lucr. 3, 37; 628 al. And with the ending i (as in Karthagini): si neque hic neque Acherunti sum, ubi sum?Plaut. Merc. 3, 4, 21; so id. Capt. 3, 5, 31; 5, 4, 1. Acheruntis pabulum, food for Acheron; said of a corrupt, abandoned man, in Plaut. Cas. 2, 1, 12: Acheruntis ostium, disparagingly of bad land,id. Trin. 2, 4, 124: mittere aliquem Acheruntem,
,id. Poen. prol. 71: ulmorum Acheruns, jestingly of a slave, upon whose back rods had been broken,id. Am. 4, 2, 9 (cf. Capt. 3, 4, 117). Hence, Ăchĕruntĭcus, a, um, adj., belonging to, or fit for, Acheruns, or the Lower World: regiones,Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 21: senex,i. e.
Acherusia Ăchĕrūsĭa, ae, f.Acheruns. Acherusia Palus, A lake in Epirus, through which the Acheron flows, Plin. 4, 1, 1.A lake in Campania, between Misenum and Cumae, now Lago di Fusaro, Plin. 3, 5, 9.A cave in Bithynia, from which Cerberus is said to have been dragged, Mel. 1, 19, 7; Plin. 6, 1, 1; the same called Ăchĕrūsĭs, ĭdis, f., Val. Fl. 5, 73.
Acherusius Ăchĕrūsĭus (old writing Acherunsius), a, um, adj.id.. Pertaining to the Acheron in Calabria: aqua,Liv. 8, 24.Pertaining to the Acheruns (Acheron), or the Lower World: templa, the Lower World, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 21, 48 (Trag. v. 107 ed. Vahl.); in Varr. L. L. 7, § 6 Müll.; and in Lucr. 1, 120; cf. Lucr. 3, 25 and 86: humor,Sil. 13, 398: vita,
achillea ăchillēa, ae, f., a plant, perhaps the same as achilleos, Plin. 26, 15, 90.
Achilleides Ăchillĕĭdes, v. Achillides.
Achilleis Ăchillēĭs, ĭdis, f.Achilles, a poem of Statius, of which only two books were finished, the Achilleid.
achilleos ăchillēos, i, f., = Ἀχίλλειος, sc. herba, a medicinal plant, said to have been discovered by Achilles, milfoil or yarrow, Plin. 25, 5, 19; cf. achillea.
Achilles Ăchilles, is, m., = Ἀχιλλεύς (poet., after the manner of the Gr. Nom., Achilleus, trisyl., Inscr. Grut. 669, 6. Gen. Achillei, quadrisyl., Hor. C. 1, 15, 34; id. Epod. 17, 14; and Achilli, as Neocli, Lacydi from Neocles, Lacydes,Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 14; Verg. A. 3, 87; cf. Val. Prob. 1468 P. Acc. Achillĕa, Luc. 10, 523. Voc. Achille, Prop. 4, 11, 40. Abl. Achilli, Ov. Pont. 3, 3, 43), the celebrated Grecian hero in the Trojanwar, distinguished for strength and beauty; son of Peleus, king of Thessaly, and of Thetis, Ov. M. 12 fin. and 13 init.; Stat. Achill. al. In the fine arts, Achilles is represented with hair long and erect, like a mane, a body straight and slender, nostrils (μυκτῆρες) distended with courage and pride, and a physical frame throughout noble and powerful, Müll. Arch. § 413. As an appellative, a handsome and powerful man, Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 63; Verg. A. 6, 89; Gell. 2, 11. Hence, Ăchillēus, a, um, adj., Ἀχίλλειος, of or pertaining to Achilles: stirpis Achilleae fastus,Verg. A. 3, 326: manes,Ov. M. 13, 448: statuae,
statues like Achilles
,Plin. 34, 5, 10: cothurnus, the lofty and grave tragic style (since Achilles was a hero of the early epos and drama): Achilleo conponere verba cothurno,Prop. 3, 32, 41 (Aeschyleo, Müller). Also, Ăchil-lĭăcus, a, um, Ven. 7, 8, 63.
Achillides Ăchillīdes, ae, patron. m. (more correct than Achilleides), = Ἀχιλλείδης, a descendant of Achilles, Ov. H. 8, 3.
Achivus Ăchīvus, a, um (gen. plur. Achivom, Verg. A. 11, 266), adj.fr. Achaeus, with the Digamma, Achaefos, Achifus, Achivus, Achaean, Grecian (v. Achaia): tellus,Ov. Pont. 1, 4, 33: castra,id. H. 1, 21. Hence, Ăchīvi, the Greeks, Cic. Div. 1, 14: quidquid delirant reges plectuntur Achivi, whatever wrongs the (Grecian) kings are guilty of (before Troy) their subjects must suffer for; but it soon became a general proverb: whatever errors the great commit, the people must atone for, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 14.
achlis achlis, is, f., a wild beast of the North, which modern naturalists consider to be the same as the alces. Acc. achlin, Plin. 8, 15, 16, § 39.
Acholla Ăcholla, ae, f. (also Achilla), a town in Africa, in the vicinity of Thapsus, now El-Aliah, Auct. B. Afr. 33.
achor ăchor, ōris, m., = ἀχώρ, the scab or scald on the head, Macer. de Ruta, 1, 12; Theod. Prisc. 1, 5.
acia ăcĭa, ae, f.1. acus, a thread for sewing, ῥάμμα, Titin. ap. Non. 3, 21 (Rib. Com. Rel. p. 115); Cels. 5, 26, 23.
acicula ăcĭcŭla, ae, f.id., a small pin for a head-dress, Cod. Theod. 3, 16, 1; Inscr. Grut. 1004, 5.
Acidalia Ăcīdălĭa, ae, f., = Ἀκιδαλία, an epithet of Venus, perhaps from the Fountain Acidalius, in Boeotia, where the Graces, daughters of Venus, used to bathe, Verg. A. 1, 720 Serv. Hence, Ăcīdălĭus, a, um, adj., pertaining to Venus: ludit Acidalio nodo,
,Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 64. Adv.: ăcĭde, bitterly, disagreeably: non acide feras,Vulg. Ecclus. 4, 9. Comp.: sibi acidius fuit,Petr. S. 92.
acieris ăcĭēris, is f.acies, “securis aerea, qua in sacrificiis utebantur sacerdotes,” Paul. ex Fest. p. 10 Müll.
acies ăcĭēs, ēi, f.v. 2. acer (gen. acii and acie, like dii and die, facii and facie, fr. dies, facies, Cn. Mat. ap. Gell. 9, 14; Caes. B. G. 2, 23; Sall. ap. Serv. ad Verg. G. 1, 208, or Sall. Fragm. ed. Kritz. p. 118; cf. Prisc. p. 780 P.), a sharp edge or point.Lit., of a sword, dagger, sickle, etc.: gladiorum,Plaut. Truc. 2, 6, 11: Vulg. Heb. 11, 34: securium,Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 43, § 113: falcis,Verg. G. 2, 365: hastae,Ov. M. 3, 107: ferri,Plin. 7, 15, 13.Transf. Of the sense or faculty of sight, Keenness of look or glance, sharpness of vision or sight: oculorum, Lucil. ap. Non. 34, 32; cf. Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 4; Lucr. 1, 324; also acies alone,id. 2, 420; and in plur., id. 4, 693: ne vultum quidem atque aciem oculorum ferre potuisse,Caes. B. G. 1, 39: pupula ad te dirigit aciem,Cat. 63, 56: tanta tenuitas, ut fugiat aciem,Cic. Tusc. 1, 22: bonum incolumis acies, misera caecitas,id. Fin. 5, 28, 84; so ib. 4, 24; Verg. A. 12, 558 al. Hence, Concr., the pupil of the eye, Lucr. 3, 411; cf. with 414: acies ipsa, quā cernimus, quae pupula vocatur,Cic. N. D. 2, 57: in Albania gigni quosdam glaucā oculorum acie,Plin. 7, 2, 2 (cf. ib.: glaucis oculis); and poet. (as pars pro toto) for the eye, Lucr. 3, 363; 4, 249; 281; 358; 720: huc geminas nunc flecte acies,Verg. A. 6, 789; 12, 658 (hence the word is also used in the plur., cf. below, 2.).A looking at an object with fixed attention, look, aim: ad eam rem habeo omnem aciem,Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 38. On the contr., prima acie, at the first glance, Lucr. 2, 448 (cf. primo aspectu, Cic. de Or. 3, 25, 98). In milit. lang., the front of an army (conceived of as the edge of a sword), line of battle, battle-array. In abstr. (cf. Vitr. praef. 1. 7, p. 154 Rod.): quibus ego si aciem exercitus nostri ostendero,Cic. Cat. 2, 3, 5: aciem instruere,Caes. B. G. 1, 22: dirigere,id. ib. 6, 8: extra aciem procurrere,id. B. C. 1, 55: statuit non proeliis, neque in acie, sed alio more bellum gerendum,Sall. J. 54; cf. Liv. 5, 41, 4; also of the arrangement of ships for a naval engagement,Nep. Hann. 11; cf. Caes. B. C. 1, 58. Hence, metaph. The battlearray; in concr., an army drawn up in order of battle: acies est instructa a nobis decem cohortium, Galba ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 30: hostium acies cernebatur,Caes. B. G. 7, 62: altera pars acii vitassent fluminis undas, Matius ap. Gell. 9, 14 (as transl. of Il. 21 init.): dubitavit acie pars, Sall. Fragm. l. l.: stabit ante aciem,Vulg. Deut. 20, 2; 1 Par. 12, 33: prima acies hastati erant,
the van
,
the first line
,Liv. 8, 8: tertiam aciem laborantibus subsidio mittere,Caes. B. G. 1, 52: ab novissima acie, from the rear: ante signa procedere,Liv. 8, 10: dextra acies (= dextrum cornu),
Acilius Ăcīlĭus, i, m., the name of several Romans, among whom was M' Acilius Glabrio, trib. pleb., by whom the severe law de pecuniis repetundis was introduced, Cic. Verr. 1, 9 and 17. C. Acilius Glabrio, the historian, Cic. Off. 3, 32, 115. Hence, Ăcīlĭus, a, um, adj., Acilian: lex,Cic. Verr. 1, 1.
Acionna Acionna, ae, f., a Gallic deity, Inscr. Orell. 1955.
acipenser ăcĭpenser, ĕris, and ăcĭpensis, is (also aquip., not accipenser), m., = ἀκκι^πησίος, a fish very highly esteemed in the age of the greatest luxury of the Romans, perh. the sturgeon, Cic. Tusc. 3, 18; id. Fin. 2, 8; Hor. S. 2, 2, 47; Ov. Hal. 132.
Acis Ācis, ĭdis, m., = Ἆκις, a river in Sicily, which rises in Mount Aetna, and falls into the sea; now Fiume di Taci, Ov. F. 4, 468; Sil. 14, 221; Claud. Rapt. Pros. 3, 332 al. Hence, A river-god, acc. to the myth, son of Faunus, beloved by Galatea on account of his beauty, Ov. M. 13, 750 sq.
Acis Acis, ĭdis, f., one of the Cyclades, i. q. Siphnus, Plin. 4, § 66.
acisco ăcisco, ĕre, i. q., acesco, Garg. Mart. ap. Maj. Auct. Class. 3, p. 419.
acisculus ăciscŭlus, i, m.perh. ascia, and so more prop. asciculus, a little adze, Isid. Gloss.As a surname, Quint, 6, 3, 53.‡ “ăciscŭlārĭus, ii, m.acisculus, λατόμος” (stone-cutter), Gloss.
aclassis aclassis, is, f., “tunica ab humeris non consuta,” Paul. ex Fest. p. 20 Müll.
aclys aclys, ydis (better than aclis), = ἀγκυλίς (first used by Verg.), a small javelin, Verg. A. 7, 730; Sil. 33, 362 al.; cf. Non. 554, 3.
Acmon Acmōn, ŏnis, m.A companion of Aeneas: Acmon Lyrnessius,Verg. A. 10, 128.A companion of Diomed, Ov. M. 14, 484; acc. Acmona,ib. 497.
Acmonensis Acmŏnensis, e, adj., pertaining to Acmonia, a town of Phrygia, Cic. Fl. 15, 34; Plin. 5, 29, 29, § 106
Acmonides Acmŏnĭdes, is, m., one of Vulcan's workmen, Ov. F. 4, 288.
acnua acnŭa or acna, ae, f.ἄκενα or ἄκαινα, a measure or piece of land, 120 feet square, Varr. R. R. 1, 10; Col. 5, 1, 5; cf. Isid. Orig. 15, 15, 5.
acoenonetus ăcoenōnētus, i, m., v.the foll.
acoenonoetus ăcoenŏnŏētus, i, m., = ἀκοινονόητος, one who has not common-sense, Juv. 7, 218: communi carens seusu, Schol. ad h. 1. (Herm. and Rib.; but Jahn and Mayor here read ἀκοινώνητος (in Greek letters); perh. not sharing, i. e. selfish).
acoetis ăcoetis, is, f., ἄκοιτις, a bed-fellow, a wife: Amphitryonis, Lucil. ap. Non. 26, 5.
acontias ăcontĭas, ae, m., = ἀκοντίας. A quick-darting serpent, Amm. 22, 15, 27. In plur., ăcontĭae, ārum, = ἀκοντίαι, meteors or shooting-stars with dartlike trains, Plin. 2, 25, 22, § 89.
Acontius Ăcontĭus, i, m.A lover of Cydippe, Ov. Her. 20, 239, and 21, 229.A mountain in Boeotia, Plin. 4, 7, 12.
acontizo ăcontīzo, āre, v. n., = ἀκοντίζω, lit., to shoot a dart; hence, intrans. of blood, to spout or gush forth, Veg. 1, 26 and 27.
Acontizomenos Ăcontīzŏmĕnos, i, m., = Ἀκοντιζόμενος (struck with a dart), the title of a comedy of Naevius, see the fragment in, Rib. Com. Rel. p. 5.
acopos ăcŏpos, -us, i, m., or ăcōpon, -um, i, n., = ἄκοπος (removing weariness, pain, etc.). A kind of stone, perh. crystalline quartz or spar, Plin. 37, 10, 54, § 143.f., a plant useful in childbirth, also called anagyros, id. 27, 4, 13.Aco-pum (sc. medicamentum or unguentum), i, n., a soothing salve, Cels. 4, 31; 5, 24; Plin. 23, 8, 80; 29, 3, 13 al.
acquiesco ac-quĭesco (adqu.), ēvi, ētum, 3, v. n., lit., to become physically quiet, to come to physical repose; hence, in gen., to repose or rest (freq. in Cic.). Lit.: sine respirem, quaeso. Pe. Immo adquiesce, Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 20; id. As. 2, 2, 60: vitandi caloris causā Lanuvii trīs horas acquieveram,Cic. Att. 13, 34: a lassitudine,Nep. Dat. 11, 3: somno,Curt. 9, 5, 16; cf.: gravi sopore,id. 6, 10, 6, and absol. of sleep, id. 8, 6, 3: cum aures extremum semper exspectent in eoque acquiescant,Cic. Or. 59. By euphemism (as in all languages), to die (esp. after a wearisome life): sic vir fortissimus multis variisque perfunctus laboribus, anno acquievit septuagesimo,Nep. Hann. 13, 1; cf. morte,Tac. A. 14, 64; and in many epitaphs: HIC ADQVIESCIT, etc.,Inscr. Orell. 2313; 4084; 4491 al.; so, quiesco, q. v. Fig. To come to a state of repose in relation to one's wishes, desires, etc.; to repose in; to find rest, pleasure, etc., in; to rejoice in; in Cic. mostly with in, and of things: in the historians and later writers, with dat. or abl., and also of persons: quae delectet, in qua acquiescam,Cic. Att. 4, 16: senes in adulescentium caritate acquiescimus,id. Lael. 27; id. Fin. 3, 2, 6: qui jam aetate provecti in nostris libris acquiescunt,id. Div. 2, 2, 5. Examples in Cic. of a person: tecum ut quasi loquerer, in quo uno acquiesco,Att. 9, 10, and with abl.: qui maxime P. Clodii morte acquierunt,id. Mil. 37, 102: cui velut oraculo acquiescebat,Suet. Vit. 14: uno solatio acquiescens,id. Cal. 51; id. Tib. 56: amicos elegit, quibus etiam post eum principes acquieverunt,id. Tit. 7.To be satisfied with, to acquiesce in or give assent to: tu, cum es commotus, acquiescis, assentiris, approbas (where the climax of the ideas should be noticed, you accede to them, i. e. you cease to oppose them; you assent to them, i. e. you make known your approbation by words), Cic. Ac. 2, 46, 141; so Suet. Vit. 14; Dig. 24, 3, 22, § 6; 38, 1, 7 al.
acquiro ac-quīro (adqu.), sīvi, sītum, 3, v. a.quaero, to add to, to get or acquire (in addition), with ad or dat. (freq. in Cic.). Lit.: mihi quidem ipsi, quid est quod ad vitae fructum possit acquiri?Cic. Cat. 3, 12; 2, 8: vides quam omnis gratias non modo retinendas, sed etiam acquirendas putemus,
Acrae Acrae, ārum, f., = Ἄκραι. A city of Sicily, on a lofty hill near Syracuse, now Palazzolo, Liv. 24, 36; Sil. 14, 206.A town in the Chersonesus Taurica (Crimea), Plin. 4, 12, 26, § 86.
Acraeus Acraeus, a, um, adj., = ἀκραῖος, dwelling on the heights; an epithet of Jupiter and of Juno, whose temples stood on heights, Liv 38, 2; 32, 23.
Acragas Ăcrăgās, antis, m., Ἀκράγας (acc. Gr. Acraganta, Ov. F. 4, 475), a mountain on the S. W. coast of Sicily, and a city upon it; the city was also called Agrigentum, now Girgenti, Verg. A. 3, 703; Mel. 2, 7, 16; cf. Plin. 3, 8, 14, § 89 (v. Agrigentum); the birthplace of the philosopher Empedocles, who was hence called Acragantinus, Lucr. 1, 716.
acredo ācrēdo, ĭnis, f.fr. 2. acer, as dulcedo fr. dulcis, a sharp or pungent taste, Pall. 2, 15, 19: tollere,Plin. Val. 1, 25: humorum,Theod. Prisc. 1, 16.
acredula ā^crēdŭla, ae, f., the name of an unknown bird, by which Cic. translates the ὀλολυγών of Aratus, Div. 1, 8, 14; acc. to some, the thrush or the owl, Auct. Carm. Phil. 15.
Acriae Acrĭae, ārum, f., Ἀκριαί, a town of Laconia, Liv. 35, 27, 3.
acriculus ācrĭcŭlus, a, um, adj. dim. [2. acer], somewhat sharp, testy: ille acriculus senex Zeno,Cic. Tusc. 3, 17, 38 (cf. acerbus, and the passage there quoted fr. Cic. N. D. 3, 31).
acridium ācridĭum, ĭi, n., another name for the scammonia, acc. to Isid. Orig. 17, 9, 64.
acrifolium ācrĭfŏlĭum, ii, n.2. acer + folium, an unknown tree of ill omen, Auct. ap. Macr. Sat. 2, 16.
Acrillae Acrillae, ārum, f., a town in Sicily, on the road from Syracuse to Agrigentum, Liv. 24, 35, 8.
acrimonia ācrĭmōnĭa, ae, f.2. acer, sharpness or pungency (so far as it has a quickening, animating power, diff. fr. acerbitas, which desig. a disagreeable sharpness). Lit., of taste: si ulcus acrimoniam brassicae ferre non poterit,
the pungency
,
irritation
,
smart
,Cato R. R. 157, 5: dulcis cum quadam acrimonia,Plin. 24, 14, 78, § 128; cf. sinapis,id. 18, 13, 34, § 128 al. Of smell, Plin. 27, 13, 109, § 133. Fig., sharpness, acrimony, austerity of character, energy of acting: “animi vivacitas,” Non. 73, 17: mei feri ingeri iram atque animi acrem acrimoniam, Naev. ap. Non. 73, 18 (Rib. Trag. Rel. p. 11); cf.: vim, ferociam, animi, atrocitatem, iram, acrimoniam, Att. ib. (Ribbeck, p. 196): convenit in vultu pudorem et acrimoniam esse,Auct. Her. 3, 15, 26; cf. ib. 4, 13, 19; 24, 34: si Glabrionis patris vim et acrimoniam ceperis ad resistendum hominibus audacissimis,Cic. Verr. 1, 17, 52. Of abstract objects: vis et acrimonia causae,Cic. Inv. 2, 48, 143: licentiae,Auct. Her. 4, 37, 49. Of discourse, sharpness of speech (opp. sermo): tum in sermone, tum in acrimonia,
now in common conversation
,
now in sharp talk
,Auct. Her. 4, 42, 54.
Acrisione Ācrĭsĭōnē, es, f., Ἀκρισιώνη, the daughter of Acrisius, i. e. Danaë, Verg. Cat. 11, 33.
Acrisioneus Ācrĭsĭōnēus, a, um, adj., pertaining to Acrisius: arces,i. e.
acritudo ācrĭtūdo, ĭnis, f.2. acer, the quality of acer, sharpness.Lit., of a fluid, Vitr. 2, 9, 12; 8, 3, 18 sq.Trop.Liveliness, vivacity, force: vigor et acritudo populi Romani,Gell. 10, 27: haut quisquam potis est tolerare acritudinem, Att. ap. Fest. p. 356 Müll. (Rib. Trag. Rel. p. 196). Harshness of character: morum,App. M. 9, 224.
acro acro or acrōn, ōnis, m., = ἄκρων, the extremity of a thing; so of a member of the body, Veg. 2, 28, 17; 5, 65, 2; of the stem of a plant, Apic. 4, 4.
acroama ācrŏāmă, ătis, n., = ἀκρόαμα. Prop., that which is heard with pleasure, a gratification to the ear; as music or reading; esp. used for entertainment at meals, with music or reading, Plin. Ep. 6, 31, 13; Suet. Vesp. 19; Petron. Fragm. Tragun. p. 297. Hence, meton. (like the plur. in Greek), the entertainer at table, by music (a performer) or by reading (a reader); also a buffoon: cum ex Themistocle quaererctur, quod acroama aut cujus vocem lubentissime audiret,Cic. Arch. 9: nemo in convivio ejus (Attici) aliud acroama audivit, quam anagnosten,id. Att. 14, 1: non solum spectator, sed actor et acroama,Cic. Sest. 54: festivum,Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 22. Cf. Smith's Antiq., and Becker's Gall. 3, p. 203 (2d ed.).
acroamatarius ācrŏāmătārĭus, a, um, adj.acroama, belonging to a musical or reading entertainment: SER. ACROAMAT. GRAEC., i. e. serva acroamataria Graeca,Inscr. Orell. 2885.
acroamaticus ācrŏāmătĭcus, a, um, adj., read in the old edd. of Gell. 20, 5, where the MSS. give, in the same sense, acroaticus, q. v.
acroasis ācrŏāsis, is, f., = ἀκρόασις (a hearing, a listening to), the discourse delivered before an assembly, public lecture (cf. the use of contio among Eng. and collegium among Germ. scholars, for discourse, etc.): ut eas vel in acroasi audeam legere,
acroaticus ācrŏātĭcus, a, um, adj., = ἀκροατικός, designed for hearing only, esoteric (opp. ἐξωτερικός), in the Aristotelian philosophy, acc. to the interpreters, Gell. 20, 5.
Acroceraunia Ācrŏcĕraunĭa, ōrum, n.fr. ἄκρις and κεραυνός; pr. Thunder-Heights, a very rocky promontory in Epirus, running out into the Ionian Sea, now Glossa, called by the Italians Linguetta (the mountain to which it belongs was called Ceraunii montes or Ceraunia; see this art.): infamīs scopulos Acroceraunia,Hor. C. 1, 3, 20; the same in sing.: promontorium Acroceraunium,Plin. 3, 11, 15, § 97; for any dangerous place: haec tibi sint Syrtes; haec Acroceraunia vita,Ov. R. Am. 739.
acrochordon ăcrŏchordon, ŏnis, f., = ἀκροχορδών, a kind of wart, Cels. 5, 28, 14.
acrocolefium acrŏcōlēfĭum, ĭi, n., = ἀκροκωλήφιον, the upper part of the foot of a swine, Veg. 6, 1, 2.
acrolithus acrŏlĭthus, a, um, adj., = ἀκρόλιθος (of stone at the extremity): statuae, statues whose extremities only consisted of marble, the remainder of wood, Treb. Poll. XXX. Tyr. c. 32 (in Vitr. 2, 8, 11 written as Greek); cf. Müll. Arch. § 48, 1; Winckelm. Hist. Art. 1, 2, 17.
Acron Ācron, ōnis, m.A king of the Caeninenses, who, in the war with the Romans on account of the rape of the Sabines, was slain by Romulus, Prop. 4, 10, 7.A Greek slain by Mezentius, Verg. A. 10, 719.Helenius Acron, a commentator on Terence, Horace, and perh. Persius; cf. Teuffel, Rom. Lit. II. § 370.
Acronius Acrōnĭus lacus, a part of Lake Constance, now the Ueberlingen Lake, Mel. 3, 2, 8.
Acronoma Acrŏnŏma saxa, an unknown place in Lower Italy, Cic. Att. 13, 40, 2.
acropodium ăcrŏpŏdĭum, i, n.ἄκρος, extreme, and πούς, foot, the pedestal of a statue, Hyg. F. 88.
Acrota Acrŏta, ae, m., king of the Albani, brother of Romulus Silvius, Ov. M. 14, 617.
acroteria ăcrōtērĭa, ōrum, n., = ἀκρωτήρια, the projecting or extreme part of a thing.Of a harbor, Vitr. 5, 12. In architecture, the projecting parts of a pediment, serving as a support for figures or statues, Vitr. 3, 5, 12 sq.; cf. Müll. Arch. § 284.
Actaeus Actaeus, a, um, adj., Ἀκταῖος, pertaining to Attica, Attic, Athenian: in Actaeo Aracyntho,Verg. E. 2, 24 (as being on the border of Attica): arces,
Acte Actē, ēs, f., = Ἀκτή. Lit., coastland or maritime country; hence, the earlier name for Attica, the province of Middle Greece, in which Athens was situated, Plin. 4, 7, 11; Gell. 14, 6.One of the Horae, Hyg. F. 183.A concubine of Nero, Suet. Ner. 28; Tac. A. 13, 12; Inscr. Orell. 735; 2885.
Actiacus Actĭăcus, a um, adj.Actium, relating to Actium: victoria,
actinophoroe actīnŏphŏroe, adj. (Gr. nom. plur.), = ἀκτινοφόροι (bearing rays), epithet of the cochloe, Plin. 32, 11, 53, § 147, v. Jan ad h. l.
actinosus actīnōsus, a, umἀκτίς; pr. full of rays, hence, glorious: ecclesia,Ambros. in Psa. 41.
actio actĭo, ōnis, f.ago, a doing, performing, acting, action, act. In gen.: non modo deos spoliat motu et actione divina, sed etiam homines inertes efficit,Cic. N. D. 1, 37; 2, 16; virtutis laus omnis in actione consistit,id. Off. 1, 6; id. Fin. 5, 19, 54. With subject. gen.: ad eas res parandas, quibus actio vitae continetur,
active
,
practical life
,id. Off. 1, 5: corporis,id. Div. 1, 32: mentis,id. N. D. 1, 17; and with object. gen.: itaque nec actio rerum illarum (the public performance of those things) apertā petulantiā vacat, id. ib. 1, 35, 127; ib. 1, 43: actio ullius rei,id. Ac. 2, 33, 108; and so plur.: periculosae rerum actiones sunt, Off. 1, 2, 4; hence: actio gratiarum,
the giving of thanks
,id. Fam. 10, 19 (cf.: gratias agere). Esp. Public functions, civil acts, proceedings, or duties. In gen., Cic. Fam. 9, 8: tribunorum,
their official duties
,Liv. 5, 11; so, consularis,id. 4, 55 al.: actiones nostras scriptis mandamus,Cic. Off. 2, 1; Caes. B. C. 1, 5. Hence negotiation, deliberation: discessu consulum actio de pace sublata est,Cic. Att. 9. 9. Esp. Of judicial proceedings. An action, suit, process (in abstr.), with a gen. more precisely defining it, e. g. actio furti, injuriarum; also with de: actio de repetundis, de arboribus succisis, etc.: actionem alicui intendere,Cic. Mil. 14: instituere,
to bring an action against one
,id. Mur. 9: multis actiones (processes, suits) et res (the property in suit) peribant, Liv. 39, 18 al.The accusation (in concr.), the statement of the crime, the indictment, charge, accusation: Inde illa actio, OPE CONSILIOQVE TVO FVRTVM AIO FACTVM ESSE,Cic. N. D. 3, 30, 74; cf. id. Caecin. 3; id. de Or. 1, 36, 167. Hence, in gen., judicial forms (the omission of which rendered a suit null and void): actiones Manilianae, forms relative to purchase and sale; cf. Cic. de Or. 1, 58, 246: Hostilianae,ib. 1, 57, 245. Hence, A pleading of a case (spoken or written); so Cic. calls his Orats. against Verres, actiones, pleas, simply dividing them into actio prima and actio secunda: actio causae,Cic. Caecin. 2, 4; actiones litium,id. Phil. 9, 5, 11; so, Suet. continuae actiones, Ner. 15: in prima parte actionis,Quint. 10, 1, 20 al.Permission for a suit: dare alicui actionem (which was the right or duty of the praetor or judge),Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 27.The judicial management of a suit, the trial, the day of trial: prima, altera, tertia,Cic. Verr. 1, 30; 2, 2, 6.Gesticulation connected with oral delivery. Of an orator; the exterior air or bearing, the action, delivery: Demosthenem ferunt ei qui quaesivisset quid primum esset in dicendo, actionem; quid secundum, idem et idem tertium respondisse,Cic. Brut. 38; cf. id. de Or. 1, 18; so that it often includes even the voice: actio ejus (Pompeii) habebat et in voce magnum splendorem et in motu summam dignitatem,id. Brut. 68; cf. id. Or. 17: est actio quasi sermo corporis,id. de Or. 3, 59; cf. ib. 2, 17 al. Hence, also Of an actor, action: in quo tanta commoveri actio non posset,id. de Or. 3, 26. In dramatic lang., the action, the connection or series of events, the plot, in a play: habet enim (fabula) varios actus multasque actiones et consiliorum et temporum,Cic. Fam. 5, 12, 6.
Actium Actĭum, i, n.A promontory and town in Epirus, on the Ambracian Gulf (now La Punta), where Augustus conquered Antony and Cleopatra, 31 B. C., and, in commemoration of it, repaired the temple of Apollo, which existed there, and revived the Actian games, Mel. 2, 3, 10; Plin. 4, 1, 2, § 5; Cic. Fam. 16, 6.A harbor in Corcyra, Cic. Att. 7, 2, 3.
actiuncula actĭuncŭla, ae, f.dim.actio, a short judicial harangue, Plin. Ep. 9, 15.
Actius Actĭus, a, um, adj.poet. for Actiacus, pertaining to Actium: ludi,Verg. A. 3, 280; 8, 675; 704; Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 61; Phoebus, as having a temple at Actium (v. Actium), Prop. 4, 6, 67.
activus actīvus, a, um, adj.ago. Active: philosophia, practical (opp. to contemplativa): philosophia et contemplativa est et activa; spectat simul agitque,Sen. Ep. 95, 10: (opp. to spectativus) thesin a causa sic distinguunt, ut illa sit spectativae partis, haec activae,Quint. 3, 5, 11: (rhetorice) quia maximus ejus usus actu continetur, dicatur activa,id. 2, 18, 5. In gramm.: verba activa, which designate transitive action (opp. neutra or intransitiva), Charis. p. 138; Diom. p. 326 P. al. Adv.: actīve, in gramm., actively, like a verb active, Prisc. pp. 794, 799 P.
actor actor, ōris, m.id.. One who drives or moves something: pecoris actor,Ov. H. 1, 95: habenae,
a slinger
,Stat. Ach. 2, 419. In gen., he who does any thing, a doer or performer (cf. ago, II.). In gen. of every kind of action: ut illum efficeret oratorem verborum actoremque rerum,Cic. de Or. 3, 15, 57 (a translation of the Homer. πρηκτῆρα ἔργων, Il. 9, 443): Cato dux, auctor, actor rerum illarum fuit,id. Sest. 28 fin.; so Caes. B. C. 1, 26; Nep. Att. 3, 2 al. In judicial lang., one who brings an action, a plaintiff: accusatorem pro omni actore et petitore appello,Cic. Part. 32; esp. of lawyers: Moloni Rhodio et actori summo causarum et magistro,id. Brut. 89 fin.; so Hor. A. P. 369 al. Also, one who conducts a suit, an advocate, Cic. Caec. 1. Hence, At a later period, an agent or attorney; in gen., an administrator or manager or steward, overseer of property or an estate. So in Tac.: actor publicus, he who administers the public property, Ann. 2, 30; 3, 67: actor summarum, a keeper of accounts or cashier, Suet. Dom. 11, and so often in the Dig.: sub actoribus, overseers (of a household), Vulg. Gal. 4, 2. In rhetor. lang., one who delivers any oral discourse; and esp. one who delivers an oration, an orator: inventor, compositor, actor,Cic. Or. 19.A player, an actor: actores secundarum et tertiarum partium,Cic. Div. in Caecil. 15; so id. de Or. 1, 26; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 16 (cf. ago, II., and actio, II. C.).
Actor Actor, ŏris, m. A companion of Aeneas, Verg. A. 9, 500.An Auruncan, ib. 12, 94; 96. Hence, Actŏ-rĭdes, ae, patron. m., son or grandson of Actor: his son, Menoetius, Ov. F. 2, 39; his grandson, Patroclus, Ov. Tr. 1, 9, 29; id. M. 13, 273; Erithos, id. ib. 5, 79. In plur.: Actŏrĭdae, i. e. Eurytus and Cleatus, sons of Actor, King of Phthia, id. ib. 8, 308.
actorius actōrĭus, a, um, adj., i. q. activus, Tert. An. 14.
actuariolum actŭārĭŏlum, i, n.dim.actuarius, a small, swift vessel impelled by oars, row-boat, barge, Cic. Att. 10, 11, 4; 16, 3, 6; 16, 6, 1.
actuarium actŭārĭum, ĭi, v.the foll.
actuarius actŭārĭus, a, um., adj.agothat which is easily moved, swift, agile: navis,
a swift sailer
,Caes. B. G. 5, 1; Sall. Fragm. ap. Non. 535, 1, and Sisenn. ib. 534, 33; Liv. 25, 30: navigium,Caes. B. C. 1, 27; cf.: “actuariae naves sunt, quae velis simul et remis aguntur,” Isid. Or. 19, 1, 24: also, abs.actŭāria, ae, f., or actŭārium, ĭi, n., the same, Cic. Att. 5, 9; cf. Gell. 10, 25: limes, a road 12 feet wide between fields, Hyg. de Lim. p. 151: canes, hunting-dogs, hounds, acc. to Vel. Long. 2234 P.
actuarius actŭārĭus, ĭi (written by some actarius, to distinguish it from the preceding, Vel. Long. 2234 P., and so found in Inscr. Grut. 260; ap. Henzen, 6284), sc. scriba, m.2. actus, II. B. 1.. A short-hand writer, Suet. Caes. 55; Sen. Ep. 33, 9; cf. Lips. Tac. Ann. 5, 4.One who writes out accounts, Petr. 53.
actum actum, i, v. ago.
actuose actŭōse, adv., see the foll. art. fin.
actuosus actŭōsus, a, um, adj.actus, full of activity, very active (with the access. idea of zeal, subjective impulse; diff. from industrius, which refers more to the means by which an object is attained, Doed. Syn. 1, 123): virtus actuosa (est), et deus vester nihil agens expers virtutis (est),Cic. N. D. 1, 40; so id. Or. 36, 125; Sen. Ep. 39. Hence, acc. to Fest. s. v. actus, p. 15, subst., an actor or dancer. Adv.: actŭōse, in a lively manner, with activity, Cic. de Or. 3, 26, 102.
actus actus, a, um, P. a., from ago.
actus actus, ūs, m.ago. The moving or driving of an object, impulse, motion: linguae actu, Pacuv. ap. Non. 506, 17: mellis constantior est natura ... et cunctantior actus,Lucr. 3, 192: levi admonitu, non actu, inflectit illam feram,
by driving
,Cic. Rep. 2, 40: fertur in abruptum magno mons inprobus actu,Verg. A. 12, 687: pila contorsit violento spiritus actu,Sen. Agam. 432; hominum aut animalium actu vehiculum adhibemus, Cael. Aurel. Tard. 1, 1. Hence, Transf.The right of driving cattle through a place, a passage for cattle: aquae ductus, haustus, iter, actus,Cic. Caec. 26; Ulp. Dig. 8, 3, 1.A road between fields; a cart- or carriage-way, Dig. 8, 1, 5; 8, 5, 4; 43, 19, 1 al. And, A measure or piece of land (in quo boves aguntur, cum aratur, cum impetu justo, Plin. 18, 59): actus minimus, 120 feet long and 4 feet wide: quadratus, 120 feet square; and duplicatus, 240 feet long and 120 feet wide, Varr. L. L. 5, § 34 Müll.; id. R. R. 1, 10; Paul. ex Fest. p. 17 Müll. Also a division made by bees in a hive, Plin. 11, 10, 10, § 22.The doing or performing or a thing, an act, performance. In gen. (so not in Cic.; for Leg. 1, 11, inst. of pravis actibus, is to be read, pravitatibus; but often in the post-Aug. per.): post actum operis,Quint. 2, 18, 1: in vero actu rei,id. 7, 2, 41: rhetorice in actu consistit,id. 2, 18, 2: donec residua diurni actus conficeret,Suet. Aug. 78; so id. Claud. 30: non consenserat actibus eorum,Vulg. Luc. 23, 51. Esp. Public employment, business of state, esp. judicial: actus rerum,
jurisdiction
,Suet. Aug. 32; id. Claud. 15, 23; also absol. actus, Dig. 39, 4, 16; 40, 5, 41 al.The action accompanying oral delivery. Of an orator: motus est in his orationis et actus,Quint. 9, 2, 4; 11, 3, 140. Of an actor: the representation of a play, a part, a character, etc.: neque enim histrioni, ut placeat, peragenda est fabula, modo in quocunque fuerit actu, probetur,Cic. de Sen. 19, 70: carminum actus,
actutum actūtum, adv.“ab actu” (as astutus from astu; or with tum as enclitic, in der Handlung da, Corss. Ausspr. II. 849), “id est, celeritate,” Prisc. 1013 P.; so Hand, s. v. who explains: uno actu, nulla re intercedente; Lindem. de Adv. Lat. Spec. 4, p. 17, regards it as formed from an obs. vb. actuo, with the meaning cum multo actu, non segniter; cf.: ait et dicto citius placat, qs. while in the act of speaking, Verg. A. 1, 142; cf. Hor. S. 2, 2, 80; immediately, quickly, instantly (in Plaut. very often, more rarely in Ter., and, except in Cic. Phil. 12, 11, 26: Verg. A. 9, 255; Ov. M. 3, 557; id. H. 12, 207; Liv. 29, 14, 5; and Quint. 4, 3, 13, perh. not occurring in the class. per.): ite actutum, Naev. ap. Non. 323, 1: aut hic est aut hic adfore actutum autumo, Pac. ap. Non. 237, 11; Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 198: redibo actutum ... id actutum diu est,id. ib. 1, 3, 32; and so id. Curc. 5, 3, 49; id. Cap. 3, 5, 75 al.: vos ite actutum, Att. ap. Non. 357, 13; Ter. Ad. 4, 4, 26; id. Ph. 5, 6, 12; often in late Lat.: si bene aestimo, actutum merebitur,Symm. Et. 1, 41; 2, 64; 3, 43; 5, 35.
acuarius ăcŭārĭus, i, m.1. acus, one who makes needles or pins, Inscr. Orell. 4139.
acula ăcŭla, ae, f.dim.id., a little needle, acc. to Cledon, p. 1896: frigit fricantem corpus acula (lect. dub.),Att. Rib. Trag. Rel. p. 195.
aculeatus ăcūlĕātus, a, um, adj.aculeus, furnished with stings or prickles, thorny, prickly.Lit., of animals and plants: animalia,Plin. 20, 22, 91: bruchus,Vulg. Jer. 51, 27: herbae,Plin. 24, 19, 119: ictus,
Aculeo Ăcūlĕo, ōnis, m., a Roman cognomen in the gens Furia, Liv. 38, 55, 4. C. Aculeo, a famous lawyer, friend of L. Licinius Crassus, Cic. de Or. 1, 43, 191; 2, 1, 2 al.
aculeolus ăcūlĕŏlus, i, m.dim.aculeus, a little needle or pin: aculeolos in cochleare tulit, an old reading in Mart. 8, 71, where now acu levius vix cochleare, is read.
acumen ăcūmĕn, ĭnis, n.acuo, a point to prick or sting with; diff. fr. cacumen, which designates merely the summit or extremity of a thing, Doed. Syn. 2, 108. Lit.: tum clupei resonunt et ferri stridit acumen, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 838 P. (Ann. v. 369 ed. Vahl.): coni,Lucr. 4, 431: nasi,id. 6, 1193 (i.e. the pointed contraction of the nose before death; cf. Bentl. ad Hor. S. 1, 3, 29): stili,Cic. de Or. 1, 33: ferrum Diana volanti abstulerat jaculo: lignum sine acumine venit,Ov. M. 8, 353; 3, 84. Hence, also, the sting of an animal: scorpii,Cic. Arat. 685: auspicium ex acuminibus, a military omen of victory, when the spears stuck in the ground suddenly begin to burn or shine at the points, Cic. Div. 2, 36, 77, and id. N. D. 2, 3; cf. Liv. 22, 1; 43, 13. In Plin., of the taste: sharpness or pungency, 14, 20, 25. Fig., of the mind, like acies. Acuteness, shrewdness, keenness, acumen: sermonis leporem, ingeniorum acumen, dicendi copiam,Cic. Fl. 4; so Nep. Alc. 11; Plin. 2, 27, 27, § 97. Also without a gen.: ubi est acumen tuum?Cic. Tusc. 1, 6; so Lucr. ap. Cic. Fam. 5, 14, 2: Empedocles an Stertinium deliret acumen, Hor. Ep. 1, 12, 20. Poet. also in plur.: serus Graecis admovit acumina chartis,Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 161.Cunning, subtlety: argutiae et acumen Hyperidis,Cic. Or. 31; so id. de Or. 2, 63. Also in plur.: dialectici ipsi se compungunt suis acuminibus,id. de Or. 2, 38: meretricis acumina,Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 55. Hence,
acuminarius ăcūmĭnārĭus, a, um, adj.acumen, good for sharpening: mola, for sharpening weapons, Schol. ad Stat. Th. 3.
acumino ăcūmĭno, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a.id., to make pointed, to sharpen, in verb finit.: contextum spinae acuminavit in caudam,Lact. Opif. 7, 7. Part. perf.: telum culicis,Plin. 11, 2, 1: cornu lunae,id. 18, 35, 79: corpus,id. 11, 24, 28.
acuo ăcŭo, ui, ūtum, 3, v. a. (part. fut. acuturus, not used) [cf. 2. acer], to make sharp or pointed, to sharpen, whet.Lit.: ne stridorem quidem serrae audiunt, cum acuitur,Cic. Tusc. 1, 40; so, ferrum,Verg. A. 8, 386; Hor. C. 1, 2, 21: enses,Ov. M. 15, 776: gladium,Vulg. Deut. 32, 41: sagittas,id. Jer. 51, 11. Poet.: fulmen,Lucr. 6, 278: dentes,Hor. C. 3, 20, 10; cf. Tib. 4, 3, 3.Trop. First, of the tongue, qs. to whet, i. e. to sharpen, exercise, improve: acuere linguam exercitatione dicendi,Cic. Brut. 97: linguam causis,Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 23; so Vulg. Psa. 139, 4; so in gen.: se, to exercise one's self, to make one's self ready: acueram me ad exagitandam hanc ejus legationem,Cic. Att. 2, 7: mentem, ingenium, prudentiam, etc.; to sharpen: multa, quae acuant mentem, multa quae obtundant,Cic. Tusc. 1, 33; so id. Brut. 33; id. Phil. 2, 17; id. de Or. 1, 20. Acuere aliquem (with or without ad aliquid), to spur on, incite, stir up, arouse: ad crudelitatem,Cic. Lig. 4; id. Fam. 15, 21: illos sat aetas acuet,Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 49; Cic. Rosc. Am. 33, 110: ita duae res, quae languorem afferunt ceteris, illum acuebant, otium et solitudo,id. Off. 3, 1; Liv. 28, 19: curis acuens mortalia corda,Verg. G. 1, 123: auditisque lupos acuunt balatibus agni,id. ib. 4, 435: quam Juno his acuit verbis,id. A. 7, 330. Aliquid, to rouse up, kindle, excite (mostly poet.): saevus in armis Aeneas acuit Martem et se suscitat irā,Verg. A. 12, 108: iram,Vulg. Sap. 5, 21: studia,Val. Max. 2, 2, no. 3. In gramm.: acuere syllabam, to give an acute accent to (opp. gravem ponere), Quint. 1, 5, 22; cf. Prisc. Op. Min. 159 Lind.: accentus acutus ideo inventus est, quod acuat sive elevet syllabam. Hence, ăcūtus, a, um, P.a., sharpened, made pointed; hence, Lit., sharp, pointed (acer denotes natural sharpness, etc.: acutus, that produced by exertion, skill, etc.: sermo acer, impassioned, passionate; sermo acutus, pointed, acute discourse): vide ut sit acutus culter probe,Plaut. Mil. 5, 4: ferrum,Hor. A. P. 304: cuspis,Verg. A. 5, 208: gladius,Vulg. Psa. 56, 5: carex,Verg. G. 3, 231; elementa, i. e. pointed, jagged atoms (opp. to perplexa, connected), Lucr. 2, 463: nasus,Plaut. Cap. 3, 4, 114: oculi,
,Hor. C. 2, 19, 4: saxa,id. ib. 3, 27, 61; so Verg. A. 1, 45.Transf. Of the senses themselves, sharp, keen: oculos acrīs atque cicutos,Cic. Planc. 66: nares,Hor. S. 1, 3, 29; Cels. 2, 6. Of objects affecting the senses, sharp, acute; of the voice, soprano or treble: inde loci lituus sonitus effudit acutos, Enn. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 116 Müll. (Ann. v. 522 ed. Vahl.): hinnitu,Verg. G. 3, 94: voces,id. Cir. 107; Ov. M. 3, 224: stridore,Hor. C. 1, 34, 15: vocem ab acutissimo sono usque ad gravissimum sonum recipiunt,
from the highest treble to the lowest base
,Cic. de Or. 1, 59, 251; cf. ib. 3, 57, 216; Somn. Scip. 5; Rep. 6, 18. In gen., of things affecting the body, of either heat or cold from their similar effects, keen, sharp, violent, severe: sol,Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 17: radii solis,Ov. H. 4, 159: gelu,Hor. C. 1, 9, 4; cf. Lucr. 1, 495; Verg. G. 1, 93; so, febris,Cels. 2, 4: morbus,id. 3 (opp. longus), rapid. Subst. with gen.: acuta belli,
acupedius acūpĕdius, “dicebatur, cui praecipuum erat in currendo acumen pedum,” swift of foot, Paul. ex Fest. p. 9 Müll. [qs. acer + pes; cf. Gr. ὀξύπους, ὠκύπους].
acus ăcus, ūs, f.cf. 2. acer. A needle or pin, as being pointed, both for common use and ornament:“quasarcinatrix veletiam ornatrix utitur,” Paul. ex Fest. p. 9 Müll. Lit.: mirabar vulnus, quod acu punctum videtur,Cic. Mil. 24. Hence, acu pingere, to embroider, Verg. A. 9, 582; Ov. M. 6, 23; cf. Plin. 8, 48, § 191; Isid. Orig. 19, 22, 22. Esp. a hair-pin: figat acus tortas sustineatque comas,Mart. 14, 24: foramen acūs,
the eye of a needle
,Vulg. Matt. 19, 24. Also, a surgeon's needle, a probe, Cels. 7, 17. Hence, Trop.: acu rem tangere, to touch the thing with a needle; in Engl. phrase, to hit the nail on the head, Plaut. Rud. 5, 2, 19; so, to denote careful and successful effort: si acum quaereres, acum invenisses,id. Men. 2, 1, 13.The tongue of a buckle, Treb. Poll. Claud. 14. I. q. acus, ĕris, Col. 2, 10, 40.An implement of husbandry, Pall. 1, 43, 2.
acus ăcus, ĕris, n. (also, ūs, f., v. 1. acus, III.) [kindred with acus, ūs, Goth. ahana, old Norse agn, old Germ. Agana], = ἄχυρον, the husk of grain and of pulse; chaff, Cato, R. R. 54, 2; Varr. R. R. 1, 52; 57; 3, 9, 8.
acus ăcus, i, m.1. acus, a kind of sea-fish with a pointed snout, the hornpike or gar-pike (Gr. βελόνη): acus sive belone unus piscium, etc.,Plin. 9, 51, 76, § 166: et satius tenues ducere credis acos,Mart. 10, 37, 6; cf. Plin. 32, 11, 53, § 145, where belonae again occurs. (Some read una for unus in the passage from Plin., and acūs for acos in Mart., as if these forms belonged to 1. acus.)
Acusilas Ăcūsĭlas, ae, m.from Ἀκουσίλαος, an Argive historian, Cic. de Or. 2, 12, 53.
acutalis ăcūtālis, e, adj.acutus, pointed: terminus,Front. Col. p. 132 Goes.
acutarus ăcūtārus (for acutarius), a, um, adj.id., that sharpens instruments: acutarus taber, Ins. ap. Henzen. 7216.
acutatus ăcūtātus, a, um, adj.id., sharpened: sagittæ,Veg. 1, 22, 4.
acute ăcūte, adv., v. acuo, P. a. fin.
acutor ăcūtor, ōris, m.acuo, one that sharpens, a sharpener, Not. Tir. p. 120.
acutule ăcūtŭle, adv., see the foll. art. fin.
acutulus ăcūtŭlus, a, um, adj. dim. [acutus], somewhat pointed, acute, or subtile: conclusiones, * Cic. N. D. 3, 7, 18: doctores,Gell. 17, 5. Adv.: ăcūtŭle, somewhat sharply, Aug. Conf. 3, 7.
acutum ăcūtum, adv., v. acuo, P. a.
acutus ăcūtus, a, um, v. acuo, P. a.
acva acva and acvarivs, in Inscrr. for aqua and aquarius.
acylos ăcylos, i, f., = ἄκυλος, the acorn of the holm-oak (ilex), Plin. 16, 6, 8, § 19 (cf. Hom. Od. 10, 242).
acyrologia ăcȳrŏlŏgĭa, ae, f., = ἀκυρολογία, in rhetoric, an impropriety of speech; e. g.: sperare for timere,Serv. ad Verg. A. 4, 419 (in pure Lat. improprium or impropria dictio is used instead of it: (quod proprietati est contrarium) id apud nos improprium, ἄκυρον apud Graecos vocatur; quale est tantum sperare dolorem; Quint. 8, 2, 3; cf. Don. ap. Lind. Corp. Gr. 1, 28; Charis. p. 242; Diom. 2, p. 444).